@@connormclernon26 I still can't come around the fact that this is his actual name. But if you think about it outside the bad reputation mortgage has today, mortgage is really helpful, you buy a house that you live in today while paying rent that will expire after 20 years. This means that people who want to buy homes now but don't have money at hand can buy them. The real problem with mortgage comes as any problem ever, cooperate greed and un-regulated free market
@@a.h.s.3006 The real problem that comes with mortgage is too much regulation on the free market. Lenders have been forced to ignore solid risk/reward relationships for decades, now, and predatory lending is a side effect of the denial of discretionary lending.
@@CasualNotice Before we had the regulations for things, but after we had capitalism, there was a period where children worked as wage-slaves given barely enough to survive (and adults had to compete with children for work even in the most dangerous industries) and there was nothing to stop a business from selling expired produce as long as a casual consumer could be fooled into buying it. When people gathered to complain about this, police forces were deployed to physically assault them, a practice which continues to this day but was more extreme back then.
My apologies for the misprinting of the Arabic characters for "Ibn Khaldun"/"Asabiyya" in this video. I had double-checked them in the script, but it seems the characters got mangled when I copy-pasted them into my text-blocks, going from their full-word forms into individual characters. That's my mistake for not being more thorough, and I'm very sorry. -B
Well as an arab that speaks multiple languages I must admit you did a great job and that most of my friends hate Arabic and we're waiting for the dialect to die like Latin but it will never truly die because our Muslim brothers insist on using it as their Holly language thing and all the things I just said are completely unrelated to your problem but your probably the only person that would actually care to listen have a great day merry Christmas and happy new year
I served in the Army a few years back, and did a tour in Africa as part of OEF. One of the local contractors we hired and saw on the base a lot was, no kidding, Muhammad Muhammad al Mohammed.
“It’s all fine and natural when it happens to old empires. But it’s no fair it happens to me!” That has to be one type of pettiness I live through EVERYDAY!
@@JoshSweetvale I see your point here but, to be honest, the Turks were more mean to Europeans than the Arabs were for hundreds of years. They also haven’t learned and still cry about their dead empire.
that legit what happen to him ibn khaldun : "lets see what next should i put on my book" unknown : "hey mind if we bother you....just a tiny bit ?" ibn khaldun : " sure why not- OH FOR GOD SAKE"
“The guy was the only one who realized that living through history sucks” Me: Geez... can’t realize how that would feel like...living through history and catastrophic change...
Are you comparing the black death with the COVID pandemic? Yeah it sucks and it's the worst pandemic in this generations lifetime as there are few people who are still alive who lived through the 1918 spanish flu but COVID is like totally a featherweight compared to black death and living in the modern world isssss waaaaaay easier then renaissance times... Try walking everywhere all the time for the rest of your life...
I was lucky to have an excellent history teacher who gave us a very thorough unit on the Islamic empire, even pulling out a college textbook for my high school freshman class. This woman wanted to be positive that we weren’t getting an Islamophobic/Eurocentric view of a genuinely fascinating period of history
I honestly think that this is one of the most important ways to get through the tensions between the west and the middle east. To acknowledge the things that western people owe to the Muslim world while focusing on the things that where progressive at the time might help to fight Islamophobia in the west and it might help to create more fondness for progressive thinking in the middle east. It clearly is a win-win situation to be respectful
For all those non-Arabic friends who wonder about his name, let me explain this to you, Arabic is very tricky in terms of names during that era and to some extent until this era. We usually refer to people by either their first sons' names or by their fathers' or grandfathers' names, so for example someone may have a first name of Abdullah, but his son's name is Mohammed, people will ofter call him "Abu Mohammed" (father of Mohammed), the same Abdullah may have a father or grandfather named Ahmad, so people will call him Ibn/Bin Ahmad (son of Ahmad), and so on. If the person is called by his grandfather's name rather than his father's name, then that grandfather's name become the family name/last name. Ibn Khaldun is actually his family name , his first/given name is Abdulrahman, but people kept calling him by his grandfather's name Ibn Khaldun. The last name you see in his name "Alhadrami" refers to where he is originally from which is south of Yemen. Now you will notice that he has around 10 names next to Abdulrahman (his first name), those are his ten ancestors from his father's side. It's was and still common for Arabs to memorize their ancestors names. For example, me and almost everyone I know memorize or have a written record of their ancestors' names dating back to 50+ generations. Nowadays a name is considered a full name if it contains four names only, first/given name then father name then grandfather name then family name.
I kinda wish we did that in America. I don't know anyone in my family beyond 4 generations. Basically, unless I met them, I don't know anything about them. It'd be cool to have that kind of history ingrained into your identity. Provided one family member wasn't, like, a nazi or something.
I personaly kinda find it sad . Old islamic world was all about progress and wisdom . And it deteriorated to the sorry state of today somehow... Talk about the "rise and fall of the empires" I quess
@@shadowkhan422 Being plunged into a constant state of warfare and political instability by "western" powers to the benefit of gigantic corporations does that to you.
@@shadowkhan422 it's corruption of the religion, Islam supported all scientific improvement; that's why medieval/pre-mediaval Muslims actually invented some serious things before their scientific downfall
Chad Ibn Sena, Chad Ibn Rushd. Muslim scholars saved european classical philosophy. If you go to Rome at it’s best moment and ask for Aristotle, they gonna say: “Aristotle who?”
Cthulu has invaded my subtitles! (Looks like the special characters got garbled into different ascii, once youtube refreshes they should be fixed soon.) -B
This is why I don’t get the whole China “is whole again then it broke again” meme (but still find it funny) because you could say that about many other places.
@@arribalaschivas91 You can?? Note sure any other country has gone through as many cycles as China, in that few countries have existed as long (if we accept the retconn that the various dynasties all with different names, were somehow the same country).
@@Carewolf That's... kinda the point? The idea that "China the country" has gone through so many cycles is entirely the fiction of a state that wants legitimacy through historical legacy, same as how, say, Irish Christians said they were descended from Egyptian Pharoahs. The current China has only existed since Sep 21, 1949. It hasn't been through "many cycles"; it's in Stage 2 of its first cycle.
@@Duiker36 Not really. While it's true that two given Chinese dinasties were about as similar as the ancient Roman and the medieval Byzantine empires, the fact that a sort of "Chinese" (or, more accurately, a very broad Han) identity survived over the centuries it's pretty impressive, even more-or-less acculturizing the new rulers of non-Han dinasties like the Yuan or the Qing. Sure, the China of the V or XVI centuries was drastically different from the modern China, but the same can be said from the XI century England and the modern one.
"History is filled with the sound of silken slippers going downstairs and wooden shoes coming up." - Voltaire. That is straight up the seasons of empires analogy. Ibn Khaldun really did inspire a lot of people. What a cool guy. Enjoyed the video. Thanks Blue!
One point Ibn Khaldun raised in his book that is also novel is that when a dark skinned person moves from Africa to a cold and cloudy place, his skin will become lighter over time, his core reasoning was that if the sun shines less, the skin will get lighter. Of course this idea is wrong on its face, but once you dig deeper you will see that modern research shows that the sole reason we have black and white people is due to vitamin D production in the skin, light skin requires less sun to produce vitamin D, hence why people originally from northern Europe are lighter than people originally from Africa, northern Europe receives way less sun rays than Africa. So basically, by natural selection light skinned people got more advantages over darker skinned people when they migrated to Europe and elsewhere. Making Ibn Khaldun's idea a little bit solid because he knew it has something to do with the sun, but he just didn't know exactly how.
@@kesorangutan6170 I know, I am north african, just asking why some native regions cntain the palest people I have ever seen in north africa while usually tanned people are common, I myself am a somewhat pale person.
I just imagine a giant ass table in Heaven of all these philosophers sitting around, all comparing notes on how they were prosecuted in their own unique ways. Lord, what a conversation that’d be 😔
This makes me sad. I know (or rather believe) once we die that's it; I don't believe there is a heaven or an afterlife. So, what makes me sad is that the lives we live and the lives lived before us are all lost to history.
I would rather watch the facial expressions of all the historical astronomers with all their models when you show them how the solar system and galaxy actually work.
@@durantes sorry for coming on as a Debbie Downer. Was looking at things from a philosophy point of view. Sometimes I wish someone like Ibn Khaldun lived 1000 years or their minds be uploaded in a way they can receive information and give it out to us. Books is how this is done but nothing beats a conversation.
“The first generation builds it up, then the next continues the dynasty and sees it peak. The third generation gets complacent and coasts, and by the fourth generation they’re too powerless to stop the collapse” Oh. Oh no. I don’t like how this applies to the modern day.
Word. I've felt like the US, if not the whole of "Western Civilization", has been unpleasantly teetering between stages 3 and 4 for a long while now. Feels bad. :(
Here Blue goes again, making me appreciate the icons of history (and historiography). I literally cheered when I saw the Alexiad. This is what you've done to me. I hope you're happy.
His name is Abdurrahman, anything after that is his ancestry, just like other arab people's "full name" ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ "Abdurrahman, son of Muhammad, which is son of Muhammad, which is son of Al-Hasan, which is son of...." and so on
As a Saudi, I would like to say seeing this video in my recommendation was great. You'd be surprised to know a lot of what we study today in science, math, and philosophy started in African, Arabic, or Muslim places. Also, your pronunciation was on point!
One funny synchronicity: Ibn Khaldun's work was basically contemporaneous to the writing of The Romance Of The Three Kingdoms in China, with its famous opening line which goes something like "A land long divided tends to unite; a land long united tends to divide. So it has always been." This seems like quite a good echo of Ibn Khaldun's own insights!
Hi blue! You might not see this, but as an Algerian living in Canada (Toronto) and suffering from a serious amount of home sickness. You pronouncing Ibn khalduns name properly genuinely sent waves of happiness through me. Thank you man c: it means a lot
Don't be hating on bearded wise men going into the desert so we can escape from our political enemies and focus on discovering the nature of things. It's weirdly relatable story.
So Kenobi, I expect a analytical thesis explaining the seasons of the rise, fragmentation and fall of the sith empires and the economics of the Republic.
Oh.... okay looking at modern events, Khaldun’s thing about older generations building an empire and then becoming lazy and ruining everything while the younger generation is left powerless to stop is... he was probably onto something... we really should’ve listened
Holy moly, I didn't know the basis of historiography traced back to him, In high school and uni, we always just did a historiography assignment based of the history we're learning. It was always my least favourite thing to do because I was like "why can't we just learn the history" but looking back at it now, I'm glad we did it because historiography develops your critical thinking so much. Thank you Ibn Khaldun
Ah, this takes me back to my Ancient and Medieval History university course. Ibn Khaldun popped up more than once, particularly in the module that basically discussed the history of history.
Ah! That's the name. I thought I was crazy because I vaguely remembered an Extra Credits series on Battuta and then couldn't figure out if they were the same guy or not. Both of them traveled and made many enemies, it seems!
2:50 the reason why so many Arab and Middle Eastern names are so long is because they tell you where that person is from and who's in their family and so on. Another example of this would be: Al-Nasir Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub. Long title, sounds better as Saladin.
It definitely feels like Ibn Khaldun's theories on 'asabiyya' and it's relation to the success of hardended desert nomads HEAVILY influenced Dune's Fremen
lol it happens sometimes if the pc or application are not set to write arabic. you could see things even worse than this, like straight out new symbols
7:18 Another way to put it is: 1. Hard times create strong men 2. Strong men create good times 3. Good times create weak men 4. Weak men create hard times
Very interesting. I hope we find ways to get around this, by showing good folks how to maintain good times (and recording how bad the bad times are for reference).
I got lucky and found a version of Muquadina into my native language. This reads really well! I like the writing quite a lot and as it is old it has the slow pacing and let's me relax... thanks!
8:42"To Ibn Khaldun he cyclical rise and fall of states was more of a seasonal thing than a strictly cyclical one." I''m just imagining someone going outside and saying "Oh wow feel that autumn breeze. It must be time for a COMPLETE COLLAPSE OF SOCIETY."
I suspect for most of history people could at least predict when something wouldn't happen. Like uprisings were less likely to occur when the harvest needed to come in and most military operations took a pause during freezing weather.
I'm really glad you did this. Being both muslim and north African, it's super rare for me to see "historyography" makers from my culture in any kind of content that shows their work and acheivements fairly. Thank you so much
He is not Berber, He is an Arab from Hadramot in Yemen , who read his books would know how much he hated Berber, I’m said that because ‘North African ‘could mean Arab or Berber and I noticed Berber are stealing Arab culture and history by using that word and then they will steal all of Arab history in North Africa and then they will steal Arab Andalusia history and architecture and culture 😂
Dear OSP, can I just say that I absolutely love this channel. As someone who never really got into history in school, and has shamefully only ever cared about the Nordic, European, and Christian history throughout the ages, this channel has done an amazing job sheading light on just how inspiring history can be. It is especially fascinating to get insight into the extensive history from all the other cultures that aren't centralized around Greek, Roman, Nordic, or Christian events.
I'm gonna be honest blue. That's one of your most interesting video so far. History is fun and interesting but historiography is, dare I say, cool and interesting. Thank you bro.
@Mike J If it is not an Arab history, then what is it, Ibn Khaldun is of Arab origin from Hadramawt and his language was Arabic and his culture was Arab, he does not belong to you where the hell you were
I used historiography in a conversation once and my friend literally laughed at me. He thought I made the word up and no matter what I did, I couldn't convince him it was a real word.
I really must say as an arabic native speakers, good job on the prounounciation of the name "Ibn Khaldoun" most english-speaking folks don't make the "خ" noise it really shows that you are putting good effort in this videos. I hope you continue the great work
I just recently discovered and have become obsessed with this awesome channel, and have recommended it to everyone in my circles. And now, new video!!! WOOOOOO
I actually just Did a paper on the muqaddimah and has to both summarize the chapter on the bedouins also critique it , so it's funny to see this episode pop up XD
At first glance, Khaldun’s historiography maps disturbingly well onto the “strong men cause good times cause weak men cause hard times cause strong men.” But with the concept of Asabiyya, what’s much more important than the strength of individuals is the strength of the bonds between individuals. And that actually allows us to look at history through a much more collectivist lense. Hard times lead to strong Asabiyya, because you’ve gotta trust someone a lot if you’ll be fighting a bear together. Strong Asabiyya leads to good times, as teamwork allows society to build into something magnificent. Good times lead to weak Asabiyya, because close teamwork isn’t as necessary in a thriving society. Though teamwork still exists in division of labor, Asabiyya grows weaker because you’re not working together as closely as you used to, and you don’t trust as much. One example of this is how in a nomadic tribe you may give food to someone who needs it, in a complex society things are bought and sold. Weak Asabiyya leads to hard times, as people don’t get what they need. Society eventually crumbles as people are dissatisfied with their lives, and know that something better can be achieved.
Ibn Khaldun: Hey scribe, can you give me the scientific study you used to back your claim? Scribe: I don't need to prove anything, I'm a respected learned man. Ibn Khaldun: mmmk.....
Most youtubers who discuss history usually forget about the history if northern Africa and the middle east. They tend to ignore Muslim culture and it's old glory. Whenever mentioning Africa Egyptian civilisation comes first then other African civilizations from middle , west , east , or south Africa. The fact that give them as much attention as other great people and civilisations. The fact that you tell their stories and give them the right to be known is something I really appreciate. So as a Muslim African Woman please allow me to thank you. Thank you so much for acknowledging my people and our history. If only you know how much happiness this brings me. I'll never forget this. Thank you so so much.
I really appreciate your efforts to highlight non eurocentric history and history makers. As a person of colour in the UK, I feel that content on colonialism, african history and muslim history are all really under represented in schools. You are helping to fill in the gaps and keep people interested. Thank you.
I love listening to these history videos. I love history, but I love listening to Blue explain history that I would have never looked into myself. It just makes me so happy to learn more about the world.
Loving the history-makers videos! Telling history is one thing. Delving into how we construct it is another. Historiography is essential to all historical scholarship, yet is not typically communicated in the public sphere. That's what makes the history-makers series so unique and valuable! My graduate seminar on public history had a project to create a historical "explainer" aimed at a public audience and the professor made each of us write a historiography paper on our topic before doing the actual project. Historiography factors into history-making all the time but its influence is often implicit when it comes to public history.
Gonna be honest- I got home from school hyper after last-day-of-school stuff and when I saw the notification I yelled OSP and now I think my family think I’m high.
This video has singlehandedly clarified for me why I simultaneously love talking about history and also hate talking to a lot of history buffs: because people still get bogged down in dates and details without recognizing their place in a larger pattern and that's kinda boring Ibn Khaldun sounds like he would've been a blast to talk to imo
Thank you. I was a history major in 1974-1976 and I do not recall learning about Ibn Khaldun. Thanks also for bringing up Thomas Cole's "The Course of Empire". I was thinking of that series while watching this video.
I always love these videos. But I especially have to thank you for reminding me that 6 years ago my favorite song was a song by David Bisbal called Al Andalus. Hearing that name literally yote my brain into the past so abruptly I was looking it up before I actually remembered the song itself and it was a good time.
I absolutely hate nitpicking but at 0:38 the Arabic for Ibn Khaldun’s name is technically spelled correctly but the letters are not connected properly. Overall though amazing work as always.
My college course REALLY likes you. You have been required viewing multiple times in my World History course. That's good, because you make great videoes.
Having recently read the Dune triology, i can't help but connect some of the stuff here to the fremen, and how paul is later quoted to say "There should be a science of discontent. The desert is where people go to build their psychic muscles"
"Maybe the real empire was the friends we made along the way."
- Ibn Khaldun, probably.
Wise words
Those lines made me tear up, so powerful 😔✊
Asabiyya is the power of friendship
So what does it say about our friendship that all empures fall?
"Maybe the real empire was the asabiyya we made along the way."
-Ibn Khaldun, must be.
Ibn Khaldun created so many modern fields I should yell at him for every bad grade I get.
Yes.
I want to yell at Nicholas If Jesus Christ Had not Died for Thee thou Hadst been Damned Barebones for inventing the mortgage
@@connormclernon26 I still can't come around the fact that this is his actual name.
But if you think about it outside the bad reputation mortgage has today, mortgage is really helpful, you buy a house that you live in today while paying rent that will expire after 20 years. This means that people who want to buy homes now but don't have money at hand can buy them.
The real problem with mortgage comes as any problem ever, cooperate greed and un-regulated free market
@@a.h.s.3006 The real problem that comes with mortgage is too much regulation on the free market. Lenders have been forced to ignore solid risk/reward relationships for decades, now, and predatory lending is a side effect of the denial of discretionary lending.
@@CasualNotice Before we had the regulations for things, but after we had capitalism, there was a period where children worked as wage-slaves given barely enough to survive (and adults had to compete with children for work even in the most dangerous industries) and there was nothing to stop a business from selling expired produce as long as a casual consumer could be fooled into buying it. When people gathered to complain about this, police forces were deployed to physically assault them, a practice which continues to this day but was more extreme back then.
My apologies for the misprinting of the Arabic characters for "Ibn Khaldun"/"Asabiyya" in this video.
I had double-checked them in the script, but it seems the characters got mangled when I copy-pasted them into my text-blocks, going from their full-word forms into individual characters. That's my mistake for not being more thorough, and I'm very sorry.
-B
Typing in Arabic with English fonts and keyboards can be a pain yeah.
All good you are not alone at having trouble with arabic over here
Don’t worry its not a problem :)
You did it on the World International Arabic day you monster
Well as an arab that speaks multiple languages I must admit you did a great job and that most of my friends hate Arabic and we're waiting for the dialect to die like Latin but it will never truly die because our Muslim brothers insist on using it as their Holly language thing and all the things I just said are completely unrelated to your problem but your probably the only person that would actually care to listen have a great day merry Christmas and happy new year
My guy has the most arab name ever, its got four bin mohammeds
@@False_messaih ok its the most muslim name
LOL! Wait until you see the name of a cousin of mine, he has over 9 Mohammed's out of the 42 grandfathers he has from his father's side.
I served in the Army a few years back, and did a tour in Africa as part of OEF. One of the local contractors we hired and saw on the base a lot was, no kidding, Muhammad Muhammad al Mohammed.
*Slaps the top of the historian* You can fit so many Mohammads in this bad boy...
Nowadays his bros would call him Abdo lol
“It’s all fine and natural when it happens to old empires. But it’s no fair it happens to me!” That has to be one type of pettiness I live through EVERYDAY!
That's your modern Arab in a nutshell.
We're very salty right now.
It's not as fun as it sounds.
@@isapu1948 >:,(
@@isapu1948 Turns out, being mean to everyone means they don't like you.
The English learned it. Now y'all have as well.
@@JoshSweetvale I see your point here but, to be honest, the Turks were more mean to Europeans than the Arabs were for hundreds of years. They also haven’t learned and still cry about their dead empire.
A friend once told me that saying "may you live in interesting times" was a curse, and you know what? They were right.
I'd rather read "Interesting Times" by Terry Pratchett.
@@Alverant anything positive on pratchett gets an insta-like. really loving his work
May you live in 2020
Hard times make strong people
Strong people make good times
Good times make weak people
Weak people make hard times
@@boldandbrash8431 bullshit
It's like an anime protagonist. Dude want's to write books but people keep bothering him
Or Bilbo Baggins, being constantly bothered by obnoxious reletives
that legit what happen to him
ibn khaldun : "lets see what next should i put on my book"
unknown : "hey mind if we bother you....just a tiny bit ?"
ibn khaldun : " sure why not- OH FOR GOD SAKE"
@@greenphoenix7365 ibn khaldun: "...and that's why I'm in YET ANOTHER country now."
"if i have to be with nomadic tribe to write a book then so be it"
Ibn Khaldun, maybe
Ascendance of a Bookworm is an isekai about a girl that wants to create books.
“The guy was the only one who realized that living through history sucks”
Me: Geez... can’t realize how that would feel like...living through history and catastrophic change...
He was the OG. (If you want the credit, hold on to your receipts.)
*sneezes in 2020* ....wait NO
Wonder what its like to live through multiple generation defining events and a catastrophic global pandemic, that could never happen now a days /s
Are you comparing the black death with the COVID pandemic? Yeah it sucks and it's the worst pandemic in this generations lifetime as there are few people who are still alive who lived through the 1918 spanish flu but COVID is like totally a featherweight compared to black death and living in the modern world isssss waaaaaay easier then renaissance times... Try walking everywhere all the time for the rest of your life...
@@ferallumberjack4310 I...didn't say anything about the black death. I just thought that quote was funny
I love how blue covers muslim history fairly and fondly, he is fair to the culture and for that I commend him. I diagnose you with cool
is it contagious?
@@sydnamon5986 Y
yes but we in quarantine so you dont have to worry about catching it now.
I was lucky to have an excellent history teacher who gave us a very thorough unit on the Islamic empire, even pulling out a college textbook for my high school freshman class. This woman wanted to be positive that we weren’t getting an Islamophobic/Eurocentric view of a genuinely fascinating period of history
I honestly think that this is one of the most important ways to get through the tensions between the west and the middle east. To acknowledge the things that western people owe to the Muslim world while focusing on the things that where progressive at the time might help to fight Islamophobia in the west and it might help to create more fondness for progressive thinking in the middle east. It clearly is a win-win situation to be respectful
@@melonlord1414 Is there anything Muslim owe to the West?
For all those non-Arabic friends who wonder about his name, let me explain this to you, Arabic is very tricky in terms of names during that era and to some extent until this era. We usually refer to people by either their first sons' names or by their fathers' or grandfathers' names, so for example someone may have a first name of Abdullah, but his son's name is Mohammed, people will ofter call him "Abu Mohammed" (father of Mohammed), the same Abdullah may have a father or grandfather named Ahmad, so people will call him Ibn/Bin Ahmad (son of Ahmad), and so on. If the person is called by his grandfather's name rather than his father's name, then that grandfather's name become the family name/last name.
Ibn Khaldun is actually his family name , his first/given name is Abdulrahman, but people kept calling him by his grandfather's name Ibn Khaldun. The last name you see in his name "Alhadrami" refers to where he is originally from which is south of Yemen.
Now you will notice that he has around 10 names next to Abdulrahman (his first name), those are his ten ancestors from his father's side. It's was and still common for Arabs to memorize their ancestors names. For example, me and almost everyone I know memorize or have a written record of their ancestors' names dating back to 50+ generations. Nowadays a name is considered a full name if it contains four names only, first/given name then father name then grandfather name then family name.
That makes a lot more sense! Thank you very much.
Thank you for the info! Sort of like if we did something like:
Angus McDonald McAngus McFraser McCann Roberts of Ayrshire
ahh thank u !! very informative
@@clockworkkirlia7475 yup exactly
I need to ask my father if he know our full name
I only know the names until 8 generations ago
I kinda wish we did that in America. I don't know anyone in my family beyond 4 generations. Basically, unless I met them, I don't know anything about them. It'd be cool to have that kind of history ingrained into your identity.
Provided one family member wasn't, like, a nazi or something.
Moral of the story: Friendships can end empires
Anime has taken this lesson to heart
That's one way to look at it.
So anime was right all along.
Marriages and end 1000 years of religion
They can also build empires, hmmm so a double edge sword there.
Everyone else in this series: History Makers
Ibn Khaldun: Historiography maker
In high school we called it Social Studies.
id argue creator lol
@@christelheadington1136 oh yeah I remember that 😆
@@christelheadington1136 terrible renaming. I like historiography better.
Learning about Arabic scholars and what they've contributed is neat
I personaly kinda find it sad . Old islamic world was all about progress and wisdom . And it deteriorated to the sorry state of today somehow... Talk about the "rise and fall of the empires" I quess
Especially the part when you think about all my accomplishments and think about how disappointed my ancestors are
@@shadowkhan422
Being plunged into a constant state of warfare and political instability by "western" powers to the benefit of gigantic corporations does that to you.
@@shadowkhan422 it's corruption of the religion, Islam supported all scientific improvement; that's why medieval/pre-mediaval Muslims actually invented some serious things before their scientific downfall
It's absurd and racist they aren't taught in high school, latest.
Muslim and middle Eastern writers need more love globally
On the vice-versa, the Muslim world shouldn’t have burnt so many libraries throughout its history. I mean I can think off three of the top my head
@@samsmith4242 please enlighten us with those three names
@@samsmith4242 ???????? Name some
@@samsmith4242
I, perhaps understably, was not taught this at school.
Would you be so kind to tell me the names so I can google them.
Chad Ibn Sena, Chad Ibn Rushd. Muslim scholars saved european classical philosophy. If you go to Rome at it’s best moment and ask for Aristotle, they gonna say: “Aristotle who?”
Ibn Khaldun catching hands for writing truth: Why you booing me? I'm right!
“thingÑ I know it doesnÕt roll off the tongue very well, I donÕt care, IÕm being accurate!”
Ahh... I think the subtitles are a bit messed up...
Cthulu has invaded my subtitles! (Looks like the special characters got garbled into different ascii, once youtube refreshes they should be fixed soon.)
-B
@@OverlySarcasticProductions alright, thanks!
@@OverlySarcasticProductions you guys aren't conducting any eldritch rituals behind our backs to cause something like this . . . Right?
@@aegisScale They might be, remember, Blue met Cthulu in London.
@@odd-ysseusdoesstuff6347 ...what...
'Timur the Jerk' - nice reference to Al Muqaddimah channel.
Build, Peak, Decline, Fall
China: Ah, i see you are a man of culture
This is why I don’t get the whole China “is whole again then it broke again” meme (but still find it funny) because you could say that about many other places.
@@arribalaschivas91 You can?? Note sure any other country has gone through as many cycles as China, in that few countries have existed as long (if we accept the retconn that the various dynasties all with different names, were somehow the same country).
@@Carewolf That's... kinda the point? The idea that "China the country" has gone through so many cycles is entirely the fiction of a state that wants legitimacy through historical legacy, same as how, say, Irish Christians said they were descended from Egyptian Pharoahs. The current China has only existed since Sep 21, 1949. It hasn't been through "many cycles"; it's in Stage 2 of its first cycle.
Sure is nice to be at stage four.... It's kinda like cancer.... Please just let it be over soon....
@@Duiker36 Not really. While it's true that two given Chinese dinasties were about as similar as the ancient Roman and the medieval Byzantine empires, the fact that a sort of "Chinese" (or, more accurately, a very broad Han) identity survived over the centuries it's pretty impressive, even more-or-less acculturizing the new rulers of non-Han dinasties like the Yuan or the Qing. Sure, the China of the V or XVI centuries was drastically different from the modern China, but the same can be said from the XI century England and the modern one.
Bit unrelated but I think Blue ranks civilizations by the strength of their domes
Broke: Army matchups
Woke: Dome matchups
-B
That's the only way to do it, really. My town has two very cool domes, giving us a leg up over our rival cities
@@OverlySarcasticProductions 😂😂😂
@@OverlySarcasticProductions
bested dome: Ymir's skull.
Fight me; I implore you!
"History is filled with the sound of silken slippers going downstairs and wooden shoes coming up." - Voltaire.
That is straight up the seasons of empires analogy. Ibn Khaldun really did inspire a lot of people. What a cool guy. Enjoyed the video. Thanks Blue!
I want to thank this man for inventing basically everything.
I want to curse this man out for also inventing all of my school stress and anxiety.
If this isn't a mood then I don't know what is
One point Ibn Khaldun raised in his book that is also novel is that when a dark skinned person moves from Africa to a cold and cloudy place, his skin will become lighter over time, his core reasoning was that if the sun shines less, the skin will get lighter. Of course this idea is wrong on its face, but once you dig deeper you will see that modern research shows that the sole reason we have black and white people is due to vitamin D production in the skin, light skin requires less sun to produce vitamin D, hence why people originally from northern Europe are lighter than people originally from Africa, northern Europe receives way less sun rays than Africa.
So basically, by natural selection light skinned people got more advantages over darker skinned people when they migrated to Europe and elsewhere. Making Ibn Khaldun's idea a little bit solid because he knew it has something to do with the sun, but he just didn't know exactly how.
it is interesting, but how come people like the guanche of the canary islands were pale skinned while eskimos are tanned?
@@kesorangutan6170 then why does blonde hair exist in north africa? There is even redheads
@@kesorangutan6170 I know, I am north african, just asking why some native regions cntain the palest people I have ever seen in north africa while usually tanned people are common, I myself am a somewhat pale person.
@@kesorangutan6170 that would make sense, the natives with the pale skin live in mountainous regions with somewhat cooler climate.
@@kesorangutan6170 story of my life
I just imagine a giant ass table in Heaven of all these philosophers sitting around, all comparing notes on how they were prosecuted in their own unique ways.
Lord, what a conversation that’d be 😔
This makes me sad. I know (or rather believe) once we die that's it; I don't believe there is a heaven or an afterlife. So, what makes me sad is that the lives we live and the lives lived before us are all lost to history.
@@Belioyt
.... okay Debbie Downer. I was goin for a more comical take. Butt see your point, I do.
I would rather watch the facial expressions of all the historical astronomers with all their models when you show them how the solar system and galaxy actually work.
@@durantes sorry for coming on as a Debbie Downer. Was looking at things from a philosophy point of view.
Sometimes I wish someone like Ibn Khaldun lived 1000 years or their minds be uploaded in a way they can receive information and give it out to us. Books is how this is done but nothing beats a conversation.
@@abdullahalrasheed394 And then some dude from 2500 shows up and explains how we all where idiots and how modern science was dumb and primitive too :P
Ibn Khaldun was a guy who looked at history and went-
"Well, this can be used practically."
“The first generation builds it up, then the next continues the dynasty and sees it peak. The third generation gets complacent and coasts, and by the fourth generation they’re too powerless to stop the collapse”
Oh. Oh no. I don’t like how this applies to the modern day.
Word. I've felt like the US, if not the whole of "Western Civilization", has been unpleasantly teetering between stages 3 and 4 for a long while now. Feels bad. :(
@@hestiathena4917 yeah. I’m sitting here thinking “an earlier generation got complacent and coasted? Oh no, we’re past that...”
That also means things are about to change for good. Let's just hope it's for the better. And if it tries not to be, we raise hell until it changes.
What a guy. Imagine being considered one of the greatest philosophers by Machiavelli. The honour.
Here Blue goes again, making me appreciate the icons of history (and historiography). I literally cheered when I saw the Alexiad. This is what you've done to me. I hope you're happy.
to be honest, that's one of the best pronunciation for ابن خلدون from someone that doesn't speak arabic natively.
Imagine ibn khaldun was writing a formal paper and had to write his full name
Ibn Khaldun: "Are you sure about this?"
Some formal guy: "Yes your full name sir"
Ibn Khaldun: "Ok then."
His name is Abdurrahman, anything after that is his ancestry, just like other arab people's "full name" ¯\_(ツ)_/¯
"Abdurrahman, son of Muhammad, which is son of Muhammad, which is son of Al-Hasan, which is son of...." and so on
Man has more Bin Muhammad’s than I do brain cells
This is his lineage ibn means son of
As a Saudi, I would like to say seeing this video in my recommendation was great. You'd be surprised to know a lot of what we study today in science, math, and philosophy started in African, Arabic, or Muslim places. Also, your pronunciation was on point!
Not really. Or perhaps my school was the exception as we were taught about it.
Hello Blue and Red. I wish you two a good day before the others get here.
“I don’t care! I’m being accurate!”
Ah. I see your a man of culture as well.
One funny synchronicity: Ibn Khaldun's work was basically contemporaneous to the writing of The Romance Of The Three Kingdoms in China, with its famous opening line which goes something like "A land long divided tends to unite; a land long united tends to divide. So it has always been." This seems like quite a good echo of Ibn Khaldun's own insights!
C'mon dude,Ibun Battuta is way overdue now.
Also"speedrunnig civil service"-LOL!
Ibn Battuta is just doing a side trip. Don't mind him, he'll get here eventually.
YES! Ibn Battuta is My Boi. My AP World teacher always liked to say that he was much cooler than Marco Polo and deserves the respect.
@@tonyalighieri6613 Oh yeah,Marco ain't got squat against the lord of sidequesting.
Hi blue! You might not see this, but as an Algerian living in Canada (Toronto) and suffering from a serious amount of home sickness. You pronouncing Ibn khalduns name properly genuinely sent waves of happiness through me. Thank you man c: it means a lot
Don't be hating on bearded wise men going into the desert so we can escape from our political enemies and focus on discovering the nature of things.
It's weirdly relatable story.
Oh god-so this is how the story end. With two obi wan fighting
Oh, that's exactly what happened to you.
Obiwan is literally dressed as a North African since tatooine is set in Tunisia they used the local garb as obiwan clothes
So Kenobi, I expect a analytical thesis explaining the seasons of the rise, fragmentation and fall of the sith empires and the economics of the Republic.
Blue: History
Red: Literature
Overly Sarcastic Productions: Good
Historiography: A word
Hotel: Trivago
Ibn Battuta: SIDE QUEST!
(If you understand that reference thank you)
@@jamsdiscourse9512(it was Walpole)
@@jamsdiscourse9512 Yes.
@@jamsdiscourse9512 I understood that reference
How did I see that coming
Oh.... okay looking at modern events, Khaldun’s thing about older generations building an empire and then becoming lazy and ruining everything while the younger generation is left powerless to stop is... he was probably onto something... we really should’ve listened
Those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat. Those who do are doomed to watch others repeat it.
he once said "cultures rise and cultures fall, what's important is that we are not just passing by"
I like this guy's thinking, looking at the mechanics instead of just events. He was incredibly innovative
Holy moly, I didn't know the basis of historiography traced back to him, In high school and uni, we always just did a historiography assignment based of the history we're learning. It was always my least favourite thing to do because I was like "why can't we just learn the history" but looking back at it now, I'm glad we did it because historiography develops your critical thinking so much. Thank you Ibn Khaldun
Ah, this takes me back to my Ancient and Medieval History university course. Ibn Khaldun popped up more than once, particularly in the module that basically discussed the history of history.
This was super interesting. Think you could also do a Historymakers on Ibn Battuta, Blue?
Ah! That's the name. I thought I was crazy because I vaguely remembered an Extra Credits series on Battuta and then couldn't figure out if they were the same guy or not. Both of them traveled and made many enemies, it seems!
2:50 the reason why so many Arab and Middle Eastern names are so long is because they tell you where that person is from and who's in their family and so on.
Another example of this would be: Al-Nasir Salah al-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub.
Long title, sounds better as Saladin.
no salahuddin al ayoubi is better
It definitely feels like Ibn Khaldun's theories on 'asabiyya' and it's relation to the success of hardended desert nomads HEAVILY influenced Dune's Fremen
Most of your favorite authors are history nerds that distill their concepts and ideas from things that already happened.
Blue: “Let’s do some historiography!”
Me: “My disappointment is immeasurable and my day is ruined.”
I don’t know why the Arabic letters are separated but I’ve never really seen them like that so thanks lol
That's Google Translation error. Many Translating programs have that error for some reason. Arabic letters in a word shouldn't be separated .
lol it happens sometimes if the pc or application are not set to write arabic. you could see things even worse than this, like straight out new symbols
That's common in devices/wrbsites that aren't really well programmed to suit Arabic
Second only to Arabic phrases being organized left to right
7:18 Another way to put it is:
1. Hard times create strong men
2. Strong men create good times
3. Good times create weak men
4. Weak men create hard times
I've just finished my finals. OSP rolls out a new video. Life is good.
Haha same! Did they go well?
7:19 oh i've heard something similar "bad times create good men , good men create good times, good times create bad men , bad men create bad times "
Very interesting. I hope we find ways to get around this, by showing good folks how to maintain good times (and recording how bad the bad times are for reference).
"Bad times create strong men, strong men create good times, good times weaken the men, weak men create bad times, and so the cycle repeats."
I am so happy you guys were in A Crap Guide To Being a Dungeon Master!
Y'all were my favorite cameo appearance! ❤️🧡💛💚💙💜
I got lucky and found a version of Muquadina into my native language. This reads really well! I like the writing quite a lot and as it is old it has the slow pacing and let's me relax... thanks!
"Um, source?"
Ibn Khaldun.
8:42"To Ibn Khaldun he cyclical rise and fall of states was more of a seasonal thing than a strictly cyclical one."
I''m just imagining someone going outside and saying "Oh wow feel that autumn breeze. It must be time for a COMPLETE COLLAPSE OF SOCIETY."
I suspect for most of history people could at least predict when something wouldn't happen. Like uprisings were less likely to occur when the harvest needed to come in and most military operations took a pause during freezing weather.
I'm really glad you did this. Being both muslim and north African, it's super rare for me to see "historyography" makers from my culture in any kind of content that shows their work and acheivements fairly. Thank you so much
He also defined economics demography and is the founder of sociology
He is not Berber, He is an Arab from Hadramot in Yemen , who read his books would know how much he hated Berber, I’m said that because ‘North African ‘could mean Arab or Berber and I noticed Berber are stealing Arab culture and history by using that word and then they will steal all of Arab history in North Africa and then they will steal Arab Andalusia history and architecture and culture 😂
Dear OSP, can I just say that I absolutely love this channel.
As someone who never really got into history in school, and has shamefully only ever cared about the Nordic, European, and Christian history throughout the ages, this channel has done an amazing job sheading light on just how inspiring history can be. It is especially fascinating to get insight into the extensive history from all the other cultures that aren't centralized around Greek, Roman, Nordic, or Christian events.
I'm gonna be honest blue. That's one of your most interesting video so far. History is fun and interesting but historiography is, dare I say, cool and interesting. Thank you bro.
Glad to let the world know about more Arabian history makers!💙
@Mike J If it is not an Arab history, then what is it, Ibn Khaldun is of Arab origin from Hadramawt and his language was Arabic and his culture was Arab, he does not belong to you where the hell you were
Muslim*
I used historiography in a conversation once and my friend literally laughed at me. He thought I made the word up and no matter what I did, I couldn't convince him it was a real word.
Search Wikipedia on your phone?
Wow those four generations.... Makes me wanna read Dune again. Herbert had to have been a big fan of this guy
I like seeing my culture represented videos. It makes me feel like my culture *has* a history
I really must say as an arabic native speakers, good job on the prounounciation of the name "Ibn Khaldoun" most english-speaking folks don't make the "خ" noise
it really shows that you are putting good effort in this videos.
I hope you continue the great work
would making a map of history to try to explain it be carto-historiography-iphy?
I just recently discovered and have become obsessed with this awesome channel, and have recommended it to everyone in my circles. And now, new video!!! WOOOOOO
As a Tunisian proud of our Hannibal and Inn khuldun we ate a nation of great men and women 🎉 carthage will never be forgotten
I actually just Did a paper on the muqaddimah and has to both summarize the chapter on the bedouins also critique it , so it's funny to see this episode pop up XD
At first glance, Khaldun’s historiography maps disturbingly well onto the “strong men cause good times cause weak men cause hard times cause strong men.”
But with the concept of Asabiyya, what’s much more important than the strength of individuals is the strength of the bonds between individuals. And that actually allows us to look at history through a much more collectivist lense.
Hard times lead to strong Asabiyya, because you’ve gotta trust someone a lot if you’ll be fighting a bear together.
Strong Asabiyya leads to good times, as teamwork allows society to build into something magnificent.
Good times lead to weak Asabiyya, because close teamwork isn’t as necessary in a thriving society. Though teamwork still exists in division of labor, Asabiyya grows weaker because you’re not working together as closely as you used to, and you don’t trust as much. One example of this is how in a nomadic tribe you may give food to someone who needs it, in a complex society things are bought and sold.
Weak Asabiyya leads to hard times, as people don’t get what they need. Society eventually crumbles as people are dissatisfied with their lives, and know that something better can be achieved.
Keep these videos alive so that you become a history maker yourself.
You either die to become a hero or live long enough to be a History-Maker.
Ibn Khaldun: Hey scribe, can you give me the scientific study you used to back your claim?
Scribe: I don't need to prove anything, I'm a respected learned man.
Ibn Khaldun: mmmk.....
Most youtubers who discuss history usually forget about the history if northern Africa and the middle east. They tend to ignore Muslim culture and it's old glory. Whenever mentioning Africa Egyptian civilisation comes first then other African civilizations from middle , west , east , or south Africa. The fact that give them as much attention as other great people and civilisations. The fact that you tell their stories and give them the right to be known is something I really appreciate. So as a Muslim African Woman please allow me to thank you. Thank you so much for acknowledging my people and our history. If only you know how much happiness this brings me. I'll never forget this. Thank you so so much.
hooo I remember this guy. Big influence on the development of sociology.
What Stops us from calling him father of sociology as he came 400 years before Augustus comte
I really appreciate your efforts to highlight non eurocentric history and history makers. As a person of colour in the UK, I feel that content on colonialism, african history and muslim history are all really under represented in schools. You are helping to fill in the gaps and keep people interested. Thank you.
*Arab:* "I am Ahmad ibn Fadlad ibn al-Abas ibn Rashid--"
*Viking:* "Eh-ban."
*Arab:* "No, Ahmad ibn Fadlad. 'Ibn' means 'son of'."
*Viking:* "Eh-ban."
13th Warrior, great movie
To be quite honest, I was waiting for this episode. Thank you for this from an Algerian viewer.
“Hard times create strong men.
Strong men create good times.
Good times create weak men.
Weak men create hard times.”
-Ibn Khaldun
@KingT_ 02 Wtf that literally makes no sense.
Magic
Great you guys are putting this guy in the spotlight, the man was a genius
I'm going to be a history major next year, and this is so cool! (I want to be a historian or museum curator)
Plan it out. Develop & maintain your relationships with your professors. Research the job market, do informational interviews.
I love listening to these history videos. I love history, but I love listening to Blue explain history that I would have never looked into myself. It just makes me so happy to learn more about the world.
That moment when you learn about "The Four Generations" and realize that you're part of the 4th generation.
Loving the history-makers videos! Telling history is one thing. Delving into how we construct it is another. Historiography is essential to all historical scholarship, yet is not typically communicated in the public sphere. That's what makes the history-makers series so unique and valuable!
My graduate seminar on public history had a project to create a historical "explainer" aimed at a public audience and the professor made each of us write a historiography paper on our topic before doing the actual project. Historiography factors into history-making all the time but its influence is often implicit when it comes to public history.
Gonna be honest- I got home from school hyper after last-day-of-school stuff and when I saw the notification I yelled OSP and now I think my family think I’m high.
This video has singlehandedly clarified for me why I simultaneously love talking about history and also hate talking to a lot of history buffs: because people still get bogged down in dates and details without recognizing their place in a larger pattern and that's kinda boring
Ibn Khaldun sounds like he would've been a blast to talk to imo
As a Muslim I didn't know that Ibn Khaldun existed thank you Blue !
Thank you. I was a history major in 1974-1976 and I do not recall learning about Ibn Khaldun. Thanks also for bringing up Thomas Cole's "The Course of Empire". I was thinking of that series while watching this video.
1] Rise
2] Peak
3] Decline
4] Fall
Guess where we're at? (Hint, it's not 1 or 2)
Ibn Khaldun was so important and influential to the entire concept of history, I'm so excited to see this video
7:07 Did he just re-codify the Mandate of Heaven from the other side of the world? This is so cool.
I always love these videos. But I especially have to thank you for reminding me that 6 years ago my favorite song was a song by David Bisbal called Al Andalus. Hearing that name literally yote my brain into the past so abruptly I was looking it up before I actually remembered the song itself and it was a good time.
I absolutely hate nitpicking but at 0:38 the Arabic for Ibn Khaldun’s name is technically spelled correctly but the letters are not connected properly. Overall though amazing work as always.
Oh look he figured out the thing.
Collaboration is more productive than competition.
"I don't care, I'm being accurate!" is gonna become a meme, I swear it.
My college course REALLY likes you. You have been required viewing multiple times in my World History course. That's good, because you make great videoes.
Ibn Khaldoun is considered a national hero in Tunisia (up there with Dido and Hannibal)
Yup
I have been waiting for this one since the History Makers series began
I don’t know what to comment I never heard of this guy
Same. Glad OSP found them for me.
That's....sad
He's really famous in the Arab world, we have a bunch of stuff named after him
courtesy of eurocentric education :/
The Qur'an made Ibn Khaldun a mind without limits. The Qur’an is the greatest book in human history, and this is the reason for Ibn Khaldun’s strength
I love that you guys present islamic history, because here in west is almost neeeeever talked about.
Having recently read the Dune triology, i can't help but connect some of the stuff here to the fremen, and how paul is later quoted to say "There should be a science of discontent. The desert is where people go to build their psychic muscles"
Last time I was this early Zeus wasn’t an ass.
When did this happen?
@@IamNolanNorth Ever since he became an Olympian.
So you’ve never been this early then.
Back in the days of the primordial chaos...
Was he an Ass or a Horse? I mean this *is* Zeus, here.
I really appreciate him for pronouncing Ibn Khaldun correctly 🥺