How did Lewis & Clark know where to go?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ก.ย. 2024
- On May 14, 1804 The Corps of Discovery led by Captains Merriweather Lewis & William Clark began their journey across western North America, into completely unexplored and unmapped territory. At least that’s what is commonly thought. But was the west really unexplored?
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Book Sources
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"Mapping the West with Lewis & Clark" by Ralph E. Ehrenberg & Herman J. Viola
"Undaunted Courage" by Stephen Ambrose
RareMap.com Sources
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1718 Guillaume De L'Isle - tinyurl.com/4u...
1814 Lewis & Clark Map - tinyurl.com/3e...
1804 Aaron Arrowsmith - tinyurl.com/3u...
Aaron Arrowmith Maps - tinyurl.com/2w...
Thank you RareMaps.com for supporting another video! Their maps and descriptions are a huge part of the research and visuals that go in these videos. You can purchase your own map related to the Lewis & Clark expedition on it from their website. - RareMaps.com/
Great video but sad to hear use the word Indian which is such a misnomer for the Native/First/Indigenous Peoples/American, maybe so a video on the word Indian
They knew where to go because they followed the trade routes that were already here hundreds of years before they come with the rest of the land thieves. You all act as if this nation was nothing but forest and untouched wilderness yet my ancestors left evidence of their existence in every one of your fields and everywhere in between.
Those continental outlines of the maps are bloody accurate given the level of technology at time. Highly impressed by work the cartographers of the past.
A team of astronomical calculators in Greenwich supplied the data for finding longitude by the Moon 🌙 and stars ☪️ using stopwatches and sextants. Latitude, by sextant, was less complicated, but still required data from Greenwich.
Makes you wonder about some of the not so accurate maps. Were they screw ups? Or have the landmasses changed that drastically over time?
@@calebmahoney2448 the people looked at as crazy will tell u its real...the ones in charge will tell u they are fake...crazy world
@@qram281 yeah, it’s just interesting that we can find and prove such work it astonishes us, while at the same time finding things of similar time span that have the accuracy of a child. While mainly being done by seafaring people, so you wouldn’t assume their education levels would be much different.
They needed accurate maps of the coast so that they would not run the ships aground. It was far faster to move around in a ship to survey the coast than to travel over land with the and then survey with the same tech.
Alexander Mackenzie of the Hudson's Bay Company had crossed North America overland in 1793 and had published a map of his travels in 1801 so they could have had access to his map but he travelled far to the north of their crossing, over 1000 km north. Other than showing it could be done I'm not sure how useful it was for them.
He is buried in the church yard in the village where I went to school. I was very fascinated about his discoveries. It was much later I found out about Lewis and Clark.
Noted: I need to learn more about Alexander Mackenzie
He also reached the "wrong" ocean for what Jefferson had in mind, which was a mainly water route to the Pacific, since Mackenzie ended up at the Arctic Ocean. Jefferson was thinking in terms of commerce (his term) and also wasn't looking to tangle with the British over a route within what's now Canada, where the Hudson's Bay Company and North West Company had already been trading for many years.
Sorry--misreading my scribbled notes. After reaching the Arctic, he made a further exploration and got to the Pacific at what's now Bella Coola, British Columbia, still well north of where L&C traveled.
Nor did I say it would be. I thought Thompson's work was, but I just found that he was later than them by a few years.
Magnificent journey of information. The stories of our ancestors are best not forgotten. Thanks.
Thank you for mentioning Sir Alexander Mackenzie! "Alex MacKenzie / from Canada / by land / 22d July 1793", ten years before the Corps of Discovery. A proud Canuck!
Not in any denigrating his accomplishment, but he was exploring in what's now Canada and reached the Arctic Ocean, not the Pacific--not what Jefferson had in mind, which was a crossing within the latitudes of the United States.
@@elainechubb971 He eventually reached the Pacific at what is now Bella Coola BC on his second expedition. Sorry Jovan, but he was a Scot and probably did not think of himself as a Canadian.
@@stog9821 Thank you. He reached the Arctic in 1789. In 1792 he got to the Pacific in what is now BC. Oh, and I'm sure he didn't think of himself as 'Canadian'. In those days the only 'Canadiens' (and 'Canadiennes'!) were the French. But Canada sure as hell claims him!
Do you have a Canadian flag attached outside your car as you drive, too? lol
@@stog9821 You are right. I did a quick bit of online research and it was not thorough enough. His expeditions were a great accomplishment. I think the main usefulness to the L&C expedition was to prove it was possible to cross the continent on a voyage/journey of scientific discovery--Jefferson, wanting to establish a route for commerce, authorized L&C to explore within the latitudes of the then United States, not ranging northward into territory to which Britain (Canada) could lay claim because of he activities of the Hudson's Bay Company and the North West Company.
I've read much on the Lewis and Clark journey and accomplishments. Your video and references that support it, provide so many more facts that are not so much exposure - rather an understanding of reality. Much appreciated.
Appreciate your work, well done.
Many thanks!
Well done. Thanks for setting the record straight and giving credit where it's due. History has a tendency to get painted with a broad brush.
history all too often becomes myth
There is nothing new here. Literally nothing, if you are past jr high.
Not forgetting Henry Kelsey who was the first known European to see the northern North American plains (Saskatchewan) in1690!
Love maps and history so thanks for both!
We missed you last year
It's interesting to note that none of the early maps depicted the most defining feature of the upper Missouri River; the Great Falls- a series of impassable cascades in North Central Montana. The knowledge of this was carried by Natives but somehow never got put on a map. If it had ,the Expedition would have saved about 10 days travel time in getting to The Rockies before the snow.
Please read Undaunted Courage by Stephen E. Ambrose if you haven't. Basically, Lewis and Clark's mission was to find a Northwest Passage to the Pacific Ocean, to record their path and document and send back examples of flora and fauna of what they found in the new purchased Louisiana Territory.
thank you for posting this!
its so cool seeing the topic of an essay i wrote in a youtube video, like!!! i know that!!! i saw that arrowsmith map!!!
They ask around in St. Louis and were told to just follow the big "W" on the compass. Worked too.
Once they got to Kansas City there was a whole lot of going N.
Lewis and Clark knew about the Northwest Pacific coast, including the Columbia River, coming out of the mountains, thanks to British journals. They also knew the lower Missouri river area up to Mandan. What they didn't know was the "in-between." They knew there was a mountain range, but they didn't know the breadth of it (hundreds of miles wide.) This was their important discovery - that there would be no water route to the Pacific.
The French knew about the "in-between" many decades before the L&C expedition.
Enlightening, thank you. 🤔🥰❤️🔥🤙🏻✨
No problem! Thanks for watching!
Everybody stands on the shoulders of those who came before them. It still does not demean that the gathering of information and publishing it for the people's influenced by them.
Especially the French explorers and "courreurs des bois" for most of North America.
I believer it was the famous Edward's and Hunt that made the journey and discovered most of the west. This was painstakingly documented in the movie Almost Heros.
"How did Lewis & Clark know where to go? " They asked the Native Americans for directions. You have to realize that Lewis and Clark were more like lost tourists than explorers. There were already millions of residents of the region who had lived there for thousands of years.
Sacagawea
Most Native tribes would have lied and directed them somewhere else. (As they should’ve) it wasn’t the natives job to help build a map they didn’t believe existed.
L&C had French (and Métis) guides, in addition to Indian ones.
Years ago I read a well written detailed book about the expedition. Can’t remember the author. What I remember most that was not taught in school, mentioned here or anywhere else was that there was a fair sized black dude that was chosen for the expedition as a member (NOT a slave in any way) and his interactions with native Chiefs! No spoilers…..ya gotta find and read the book!!!!
Probably Undaunted Courage by Stephen Ambrose. You are referring to York. He was actually a slave of Clark. He was given many more rights during the expedition, including getting an equal vote on where to make camp on the west coast, but sadly when returning home he had to return to slavery.
@@GeographyGeek thank you for providing clarification on the status of York. He was Clark’s “playmate” as a child, then save when he turned of age. Later he was the body servant of Clark when he was in the military. After the expedition, he asked for his freedom and Clark denied his freedom. Everyone on the expedition was paid a weekly salary and given land except for.. you guessed it York. So even though he had a equal vote during the expedition he was still treated and seen as a slave.
Lewis & Clark followed "word of mouth" stories from people already walked in those areas. They heard stories from ex-travellers whom roamed around. Once they heard a probable story of merit. They struck out to document the story.
Surveying has to have proof, and prove stuff is what Lewis & Clark did.
Good stuff better than the history channel
Don't forget Sir Alexander MacKenzie - the first (of the Europeans) to cross the continent.
I’m pretty sure I said that in this video or maybe it was the other Lewis & Clark video.
Sacajawea, a Shoshone Indian served as an interpreter and guide for Lewis and Clark during their westward expedition. She was vital to their survival in finding food and negotiations with Native American tribes. I Bing search
“Hey Lewis! You’re into maps and stuff. What’s over there?”
“Not a clue mate! Meet me here tomorrow and we’ll go and have a mooch.”
“Excellent plan my friend. You get the pencils and paper, and I’ll bring a few bevvies.”
“I’ll tell you what, if this doesn’t go down in history, I’m jacking it in and buying a shop!”
“Laters”
Is probably how it didn’t come about! 😅😅
The voyageurs were the earliest inland explorers of North America, the Spaniards preceding them along the coasts. Valdez, for example. Even so, French and English ships were across the Atlantic before 1500. Look at all of those French place names along the M & M rivers
The Spanish, who were fixated on gold and precious gems, were concentrating on Mexico and the Caribbean, and not venturing much north of Florida--a wild forested landscape with native peoples living a mostly fairly rural life rather than in great metropolises such as those of the Aztecs and Maya, didn't offer much. But the Spanish did also explore inland areas of southwest North America, riding up from Mexico as far as Kansas (Coronado) and then establishing New Mexico and Upper California. I suppose the Voyageurs did beat them to it by a bit. Mostly the French and English steered clear of the Spanish territories (except for piracy).
Folks have been traveling those routes for hundreds of years. They were Native Americans and this was(is) there home
Very interesting and informative video! Thanks.
Also, I noticed a misspelled word in the description info. Captain Lewis’ first name is spelled Meriwether, not Merriweather. (Just hoping to be helpful.)
Arrowsmith? Should be named Mapsmith, am I right?
If it was so well mapped, how did they manage to take almost the worst possible route through the Rocky Mountains and why did the believe there was a sea level waterway.
Aerosmith had maps?!
West, young man, West.
Aerosmith were explorersbefore they became a band???? Wow
yes, ancient times was just like today,an international community existed loooong before Clark and Lewis
Lewis had a map of the souris and missouri made by a 19 year old David Thompson
They traveled primarily by river
Hasn't it Long been known that Sacagawea helped Lewis and Clark navigate across to the New Frontier
That’s another misconception. Sacajawea made several big contributions to the success of the expedition but she helped as far as navigation goes on only a couple occasions.
Edit: spelling
@@GeographyGeek Notably, L&C knew that they would need to acquire horses from the Shoshone, and Sacajawea was a Shoshone who’d been kidnapped by another tribe and eventually sold off to become one of the voyageur's wife. When they finally encountered the Shoshone by one of those unlikely coincidences in history, it turned out to be her own band and led by her brother. She later saved some important papers when a canoe overturned, though certainly she was illiterate herself. L&C also commented that the presence of her and her infant provided ready assurance to the Indians they met that they were not a war party. While her role as a guide has been overstated (the idea of a young teenage Indian girl guiding the expedition is just too romantic to resist), it is clear from L&C’s journals that she punched above her weight as a member of the corps.
Yes and she was actually a black woman. As a matter of fact, all of these natives were blacks
They reported back and the calvary kicked these people off.
You spelled Aerosmith wrong.
The indigenous people new the land
They didn't, they just went.
>aerosmith
also, no mention of moncacht apé?
Lewis & Clark did have a copy of his account with them but his journey across the continent is not fully accepted as fact. He didn’t mention some major waterways or Lewis & Clark’s largest obstacle, the Rocky Mountains, which he would have crossed twice. It’s likely his accounts were combined accounts from other explorers.
President Jefferson told them where to go! =)
GAFFNEY TOWN HALL,
GAFFEY
And they were shown a pocket watch by a chief that they visited...
Wipipo like to tell everyone it was.
Talk about the welsh Indians.
Might have to make a video on that one day
They went to the quickie mart and asked the indians inside?
Indian guide. The expedition was to survey as accurately as possible. It was not of discovery.
Sacajawea was not actually a guide though she did help in a couple instances. Many natives provided help no doubt though.
One of the main goals of the expedition was the discovery a short portage to a navigable river leading to the Pacific Ocean.
@@GeographyGeek @Geography Geek I don't disagree really. I think I like to give Lewis and Clark more credit as surveyor's, rather than the Indiana Jones image. There was obviously a great knowledge amongst the Native tribes of the region of which much informal information made its way to Washington, prompting the expedition. I just have a hard time considering it solely for "exploration" purposes, especially when you consider that both Lewis and Clark were the two most important land surveyors of the time. They were actually doing a detailed survey that must have formalised much of the previous tribal knowledge of the region.
@BI PL It could be best to think of them as surveyors now since that goal was achieved and the map alone would justify the cost of the expedition. Lewis was not really a surveyor though. He was on course to run the family plantation but joined the military, was then recruited by Jefferson to be his aid, while his aid Jefferson trained him for the expedition. Clark was a skilled surveyor but neither Jefferson or Congress wanted him to go and he certainly wasn’t the most prominent surveyor of the time. Lewis had to convince them to let Clark come and he was still officially demoted to Lieutenant.
You’re right on one thing though, it certainly wasn’t just for exploration. Establishing clear sovereignty over the region was also a primary goal. Scientific discovery such as finding and documenting new species was also a goal, though secondary but let’s not forget it was called “the Corps of Discovery”.
No mention of the exploited prisoner/wife/princess.
That's truth.
Do your research.
Her being a guide is exaggerated. She helped on two occasions. I went further into the help she provided in the expedition on the other video.
It is well-known that Lewis and Clark used GPS.
Yeah, Greater Porpoise Subtitles. See David Rte.66' comment.
They knew what they were doing, when Aerosmith told them to, "Walk This Way!"
😂
Well Sir, you win the internet! 😂
Excellent 🤘🤘🤘
And the empty space on his map must have encouraged them to dream on.
If they were smart they wouldda told him to dream on....but the true patriots they were they got back in the saddle again and continued living on the edge
The Lewis and Clark expedition was a spectacular achievement when you consider they made it back alive. Especially when compared to the Burke expedition in Australia where everyone died in a land where there was plenty of water and thousands of people lived.
Had it not been for their own hostility they would have had no troubles! People where kind and receptive!
Long, long before L&C, French-Canadian fur traders had pretty thoroughly made it to virtually every nook and cranny of the West. And they had been 'exploring' since the 1500's. They just didn't write books about it or draw maps. L&C frequently mention them as being their guides. They lived with and totally integrated with the Indian tribes and were the agents in selling their furs to big Montreal fur trading companies. The Metis people, still very common in Canada and parts of US are the result of intermarriage Indian/French. Many place names as far south as Texas have French names.
And they dont even learn it in the schools in Quebec.
Many places in Colorado have French names. While these are typically ascribed to French voyageurs, trappers, and traders after Louis & Clark’s expedition, many insist these areas were known to the French before then, and Ceran St Vrain was reported to have purchased old “secret” French maps from expeditions preceding L&C’s.
Don’t forget the Spaniards. Read about Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca, he walked from Florida to the gulf of California in 1528 so +250 years before L&C..
There were Franciscan & Jesuit Monks & Priests with some of the French & Metis Coure de Bois. Russian Boats brought in Maronite Monks from the Pacific
The Corps of Discovery was fairly diverse including several French-speaking explorers and metis traders.
Wow aerosmith has been on tour forever but I didn't think for THAT long :pp
Aerosmith my dude... Excellent! 🎸
Having been a student of this trip for 50 years at least, it is good to hear well researched information accurately related for a change.
What books would you recommend to learn more?
@@Sparty035 Greetings from the BIG SKY. I have a set of 8 volumes edited by Ruben Gold Thwaites that was published in 1904 that I got from Shorey's Book store in Seattle around 2010.
@@rogerdudra178 thank you 😎
Excellent, informative video- thank you. I’m glad it gives credit to the American Indians and their contributions.
Of note, only Lewis was a captain in the eyes of the army. Clark was commissioned for the expedition as a first lieutenant, despite Lewis’ request he be made a captain and co-leader. Lewis kept that information from the expedition members, and they lead the expedition as equals.
I mention that in no way to nitpick the content in your video. It’s just interesting that they’re always referred to as equals- and should be- but at the time the government only had one leader in mind.
As usual.... the stinking effing government really IS composed of AHs.
They had a French Canadian guide, who had extensive knowledge of the west, including knowledge of the tribes and language families. It's really strange that you have ignored this in your video. Look up Toussaint Charbonneau.
Charbonneau was Sacawagea’s husband, and while he was hired as a guide and for his knowledge of Indian languages, it is pretty clear from Lewis & Clark’s journals that Sacawagea was ultimately better regarded than Charbonneau. I think you’re actually thinking of George Drouillaird, who was a guide, hunter and significant member of the exploration party. L&C often spelt his name as Drewer.
This was great! Peter Fidler and David Thompson could be considered the Canadian/British version of Lewis and Clark. Famous, but not even close to as famous as Lewis and Clark. They have a lot of things named after them, including two streets in my neighbourhood. I'm related to Perter Fidler, actually...well, being a map maker, he got around, A LOT of people on the Canadian Prairies are related to him...
The oldest surviving capital in the United States is in my home state. Santa Fe, New Mexico along with California had been explored and mapped by Spaniards in the 1500’s.
"Was the West really unexplored?"
My short answer: no
My long answer: read a book, people
Undaunted Courage. Thank you.
Nice work, Geography Geek.
While I love maps, the L&C expedition was a hard trek,
pulling a boat up river by leg power, crossing the Rockies
where one mountain rose behind another,
getting the drizzling $h*ts, reaching the coast and spending
the winter then turning around and making the whole trip back again.
In the course of "history" we forget that L&C only made it once.
A Delaware Indian named Black Beaver made it up the Missouri
seven times.
I really enjoyed your video tho... you did a good job of balance and illustrating that Indians had a lot more navigational information than Europeans ...
So glad to see the record set straight at last. A little surprised to see how little mention David Thompson got. His exploration map of the Columbia was right on their route.
I’m thinking about making a video dedicated just to David Thompson. He should be better known for how much he mapped. I’m on the east coast of the US though. Maybe he’s better known in Canada and in the west.
@@GeographyGeek I have a particular interest in him because he bought my 4 g grandmother's house from her after her husband died. The Bethune-Thompson house, now a historic site.
@@davidford694 oh wow that’s pretty cool
@@GeographyGeek David Anderson is the curator. A mine of information about Thompson.
What about explorer Amerigo Vespucci who mapped the US before Columbus ? The monks transposing Columbus's maps for the King of Spain new that the maps were not his and were made by Vespucci who mysteriously died ! So the monks named the new world " America " after Amerigo Vespucci . I doubt Columbus ever landed in America because some people say that non of the artifacts he presented to the King and Queen of Spain were American Indian of any kind . Like they never named the new world Columbia did they .
History is written by the Victors (Napoleon). The French arrived and settle Quebec 100 years before the Mayflower. They traversed the waterways., Blocked by Niagara, Jacque Cartier took the Ottawa River, Crossed the Mattawa river into Lake Nipissing, down the French River into Lake Huron. Settle Fort Detroit. 1550. Others fund routes to Chicago and crossed over to the Mississippi which joined them to New Orleans/ St Louis and claimed it all for France. by 1650. They continued along the rivers setting trading post and Catholic Missionaries throughout the west. The native tribes of the west first met white Frenchmen and would have a PARLEY. French word for talk. The french where very independent, and being thousands of miles from the KING. dispersed and created small independent communities through the land. To this day America has far more towns and cities with french names then Spanish. Detroit, Marquette, Chicago, St Paul and more where started in the 16 hundreds. Lewis and Clark where escorted by French Officers and Men as well as Native Guides, who knew where to go, how to get there, This version of history is not as Romantic and Heroic, but then History is written by the victors. I like my history books old,before professors can re-write them to be more politically correct.
Exactement!
You seem to be missing the Miera de Pacheco maps (which one of the French mapmakers seems to have cribbed from) or delved into the amount of experience the French had in the Great Plains to include the 1751 trading expedition from St. Louis to Santa Fe.
Thomas Jefferson had a room in the White House filled with mammoth fossils and such, people were worried about running into giant cyclops.
Arrowsmith map: "Walk this way!"
"Talk this way!"
- Sitting Bull 😅
Well done
Came to the comments for this!
@@jlvrmr 💪 💪 🤜🤛 👌
Has me rethinking titles like "Back in the saddle", "draw the line", SOS, "living on the edge "
Everytime you said Aaron Smith I could only hear Aerosmith.
This was a US government sponsored expedition. They had plenty of resources to plan and gather intelligence prior to the trip. They could easily access local guides along the way to help provide direction through the terrain.
Lewis & Clark relied on Aerosmith for maps? He was a better rock musician than a map maker!
They did not know where to go. They followed the largest river, they named the Jefferson at Three Forks. That led them to the Lemhi Pass. When they reached the Salmon River they realized they could not put canoes into the river due to the rapids. So they had a guide take them up over Lost Man Pass in to the Lolo River drainage, then over Lolo Pass into the Clearwater River where they built their birch bark canoes and met up with the Snake River where Clarkson Washington and Lewiston Idaho are today. It took them 51 days. Upon return the Nez Perz guided them over the short route what is known today as Lewis and Clark Pass. It took a whole 4 days.
Not much known in the US that Jefferson got the idea of such expedition from Alexander von Humboldt expedition to South America. Jefferson and Humboldt were writing letters for a long time.
Lewis and Clark may have had all the maps they wished, they would never have made it alive without the Canadiens guides and trappers that made their passage possible among the native tribes.
Not a word here about Toussaint Charbonneau while his wife is sanctified. America needs myths. This story is part of its old testament.
What is the name of the "rock in Idaho?" Obviously it's in Idaho, but I'd like to find out where.
So that is how Aerosmith became an American Idol.
Information most Canadians know. Listen to Stan Roger’s ‘Northwest Passage’
Aerosmith made maps for Lewis and Clark? Wow, those guys are old.
😂
This reminds me of a Book called "The White Indian Boy" which tells the story of a Taylorsville Utah boy who for about two years lived with a tribe of the Shoshone Nation. One of the older Native Americans in the tribe has met the Lewis and Clark expedition.
Wow. I can’t even imagine the horrors
They followed the natives... there were millions of indigenous peoples in this land.
I you were a Keetoowah you need no map. Follow the Savanna to Quala, Then take the Hegehogee to the Mississippi, then down to the White River where you pick up the Arkansas River to Monarch Pass and then there are various routs to the west cost.
Keetoowah showed Pale Face this trail. It is called The Holy Faith Trail. But you would know it by it's Spanish name. The Santa Fe Trail.
How do I know this, I was taught this by my family at a Cherokee Pow Wow at Norfork on the White River.
Oh Arrowsmith! I thought you kept saying Aerosmith! Rock on!
Never knew Aerosmith played such a large role in the building of America.
His map said “Walk this way” 😂
This was very well done. Keep it up!
Thank you! I’ll do my best!
The 'Hudson Bay Company' and the 'Northwest Company' had trappers (vgers) all over the western US and Canada, long before Lewis and Clark.
Additionally, the indigenous people explored the land long before Europeans.
The spanish rich out to alaska and charted and maped all the map you mention that include newmexico texas California florida luisiana oregon all those land was mexico spanish land
It appears they renamed many of the named rivers as they went along.
Our grade school history books do not teach this.
They had GPS without question lol
Indeed, European explorers received assistance from native peoples; Simon Fraser on his way to the Pacific was able to negotiate the treacherous canyon of the river which now bears his name by following trails constructed by the locals.
ohh "arrowsmith" i thought he said aerosmith and wondered if there was a connection😀
“Walk this way” makes more sense now doesn’t it? lol
Just like Columbus before them. Lewis had existing maps of the area he was sent to explore when he set forth from StLouis. American claims have always been exaggerated. Thompson is of equal or greater importance
Another wonderful video! Keep up the great content!!!
I appreciate it! I’ll do my best!
For the closed caption transcriber: The mapmaker is Arrowsmith not Aerosmith (rock band). 😂
Yes and No.......Thomas Jefferson (POTUS) may have heard many stories/reports from individuals/trappers/hunters/and such........But he sent Lewis & Clark on a fact finding mission to record a trail/conditions/peoples/flora/fauna.......We (the government) still send people to areas in fact finding to areas of interest.
Thanks
Oh thank you!!
Excellent video. Glad to see mention of Alexander McKenzie and the greatest explorer of North America, David Thompson. Too often their achievements are lost in telling the tale of Lewis and Clark. McKenzie's travels were one of the factors that inspired Jefferson to send Lewis and Clark west, he felt the U.S. was behind in exploring the west.
Quite so. Also remember that Lewis and Clarke had a military expedition. Any misbehavior led to court marshal. MacKenzie had only the power of leadership.
My 3 g grandfather Henry's first cousin.
GOOD TO SEE YOUR MENTIONING OF David Thompson!
@@davidford694 Very cool.
McKensie and Thompson were hardly the greatest explorers of North American. They simply carried on from areas that had been well-known to the French for many, many decades.
So the invention of the automobile would be given to early man for having invented the wheel? C'mon! Lewis and Clark did a remarkable job with the journey they took. Their preparation for this was outstanding to say the least. They studied under many others to create success. Don't take away from Lewis and Clark's fortitude.