I am so glad to see this. I lived in Maple Creek and went there to see Scotty. Over the years, I became good friends with Tim Tokaryk and learned a lot from him. The people of East End deserve so much credit for what they have put into this project. I remember being in the lab watching a technician remove waste from one of the bones. You need the patience of Job and a steady hand to pull it off. Now, back in New Brunswick, I have found 300 million year old tree fossils and 470 million year old marine fossils. We have no dinosaurs here....but then there's Joggins in Nova Scotia.
It may well be that we'll never find a specimen larger than, Scotty, but when you consider how very few animals were actually fossilized and preserved for potential discovery, and how in every species you'll find examples of "smaller than average" and "larger than average" specimens, I can't help but to contemplate the possibility that if, Scotty, is a large average, mature adult, then it would seem likely that at some point "larger than average" adult T-Rex's must have existed, and perhaps there's a fossil just waiting to be discovered of an animal in excess of 50 ft. that would dwarf all of the other examples we have now. Just a thought.
Without a shadow of a doubt there was Tyrannosaurus specimens that would dwarf even scotty and I'll explain why. 1 scotty isnt exceptionally larger than other adult rexs 2 look at modern animals today there is always an absolute monster of specimen. Take the African Bush elephant. Makes average 5 to 6 tons the largest on record was almost 11 tons almost twice the size. Before saltwater Crocodiles was almost hunted to extinction there was reports and even photographs of absolutely monstrous specimens. Tyrannosaurus spanned over 2 million years there was absolutely many freak specimens who would've lived during that time. Unfortunately as you said fossilisation is rare and the bigger the animal the less likely much of it would fossilise. Especially when other Tyrannosaurus wouldn't think twice about feeding on a dead relative.
I used to make models for museums. On one occasion I visited Oxford museum to have a meeting with the curator, and he gave me a tour. I was used to measuring casts of dinosaurs to build models but rarely touched actual fossils. He undid a cabinet and handed me something. It was a large heavy fossil, he then explained it was the type specimen of the partial jawbone of megalosaurus. This was the first and only one. Absolutely priceless. I quickly and extremely carefully handed it straight back to him. I had seen photographs of this fossil in books since I was a kid. It was a privilege, but I was much happier when it was back in the cabinet. If you make an appointment with your local museum, the curators are often very happy to show stuff behind the scenes, so you may be able to get to hold a T. rex tooth in your hand.
@@66lesjo WOW! are you talking about THE lower jawbone of Megalosaurus the one that has that one big tooth that looks larger than the rest? I just googled that fossil and it really is from Oxford museum. That's such a unique experience and it was one of the first fossils that we have since the start of paleontology. I saw it in books since I was a kid too,it's so cool you actually hold it in your hands. Congratulations on such a privilege and thank you for your contribution to a paleontology.
@@66lesjo Amazing! You must have so many amazing experiences from your time making the models! I would exhale a sigh of relief when it was safely back in place too!! That’s priceless, literally irreplaceable!
Excellent, I have a T Rex tooth tip that came from the Hell Creek Formation. It is the pride of my collection. It is so gratifying to own something from the king of dinosaurs.
Awesome! I had a fantasy as a kid that I could go the the museum and touch a dinosaur bone and look back into time and see what they looked like and how they lived.
I been trying to find one to add to my collection. I obtained a tooth from a Spinosaurus complete with root which set me back a decent $130 some six years ago. Every T-Rex tooth I come across is in the thousands of dollars which I hate to say it like this but fossils are rocks, and I can not justify paying thousands of dollars for a rock like this. I wish I could find one in the $100 - $300 price range cause Im willing to pay that much.
@@Milner62 I'd like to have a T-Rex tooth also, but just to note, it's priced so much because it's not a rock in the way you're describing. It's something special.
@@whitewolfcomings3588 I mean, she just turned 3, so of course she is. She's also planning to turn into a mermaid princess and go hunt for pearls with her pet Triceratops named Topsy later today, so take that as you will, lol. If she does decide to go to school to be a paleontologist in the future, she'll probably go to the university of Alberta to study. it's one of the best schools for paleontology in the world, seeing as how many dinosaurs come from this part of the world.
It's mind blowing really to fathom that these animals existed and died and that their bones were fossilized, all over 66 million years ago. Sometimes I just think it's all too incredible to really comprehend fully.
I will never forget when I was in 6th grade, and we had library time on Fridays for two hours. I loved astranomy and would spend my time looking for books on the cosmos. I loved the Time/Life big books because they had cool images of space. While searching, I saw a large book that said Dinosaurs. When I opened it, it blew my mind. There were pictures of these huge incredible beasts fighting and killing each other. There was a T-Rex ripping flesh from another dinosaur. I did a double take on the book, and looked around. This can't be real. Maybe it was a Fantasy Book about dragons. But Damn! It was real. I checked that book out every week.
At 19:10 it appears that the mosasaurus has an extra metatarsus on the wrist of the in swept side of the flipper. Is that for a possible 6th digit or simply scaffolding to define the contour of the flipper?
I've been to Eastend twice. It is a very pretty town. Not only does it have "Scotty" but is also close to Grasslands National Park which hosts the current largest land animal on the continent.
What amazes me is they didn't chew their food and yet they needed to eat about a dump-truck load of meat per day just to not starve. How did their stomach handle sharp splintered bones and potentially rocks and dirt stuck in the meat..
A bite from a Rex was bone-crushing. Likely, they ingested a *lot* of bone fragments with each chomp when they fed, so they likely had very acidic stomach acid.
When bones aren't cooked they are much different plus being related to birds they might of went through a gizzard filled with stones that pulverized meat bones and gristle. That and a stomach acid that was very powerful. Think of crocodilians and snakes they break down bone horn and antler. Or maybe they were like an owl and puked up pellets filled with inedible items.
Just think, in all the vastness of area and of all the places in time how lucky it was he found that vertebrae (albeit on private land as well) that fossils like this are found at all. Simply amazing
I don't think it will ever be possible, but I would 100% be all for cloning a dinosaur in the future. I wouldn't go all out and try to create a real Jurassic Park, but I would love to see at least one dinosaur cloned so that the world could see what these beautiful creatures really looked like. It's so amazing to think what this world was like 65 million years ago and before even that. It was truly an amazing period in Earth's history.
We'll probably find a way, to be honest. Look what we've accomplished thus far with inventions, technology and other sciences. We'll probably find out a way to splice DNA with current living Dinosaur descendants. We're a crazy species, we've made it to Space and have people living up there right now. Honestly, I don't think anything is impossible for us humans, we'll possibly even build a time machine. ( I'm very open minded ) that being said; it'll probably be 10 - 20 years before we even attempt to bring back the Dinosaurs. Don't give up hope, I believe it will happen. We're starting out with plants, we've already brought back some late cretaceous and jurassic period plants from extinction. Cloning: We're already trying to bring back the Sabre Tooth Cat and the Wolly Mammoth, I think when we bring them back, we'll try ever more advanced stuff. It's like with starting out with anything; practice and practice, and eventually you become a pro and discover even more techniques and other stuff. It's not outside the realm of possibility.
I wish on a star ⭐ I can just go back in time just for a day to observe these magnificent animals to see these guys in action will take my breath away ...
You wouldnt survive for 5 mins back then. A spider could probably even kill you. But it would make for a sick gameshow: Lets see how long our next contestant will make it in the Jurassic era!
It just amazes and wonders me how somewhere under the empty plains of the world there are remnants telling the stories of all these prehistoric animals who lived and died millions of years ago.. and the animals themselves, despite living amazing dramatic lives, wouldn't have cared one bit about us rediscovering them .. 😂
I am sure they must have scanned the bones for study. They could print 3-D copies to use as patterns for mold casting and make easy reproductions. In various sizes for models or whatever. And sell them as fund raisers. Many years ago, I had a plastic model of a T-Rex skeleton. It was cat sized. It was from back in the day when it was presumed T-Rex dragged her tail on the ground. (Circa 1960's.)
hell, selling 3D OBJ's with texture maps for 3D renders, would also be cool. yet I'll guess if they did that, it would cost way more than I get a year before bills to buy a virtual 3D model, lol. that is a lot of individual bones to scan, clean up the 3D scanned mesh, etc, that is honestly a hell of a lot of work. even if only a foot claw, or a finger claw, or whatever. it would be cool tho. archeopteryx, Microraptor, and an Enantiornithes, would really peak my interest, I just doubt I could afford the cost of 3D scanning them (again, lots of bits to scan and clean up the mesh on). there is also an unrelated Egyptian 3D model I would like as well, however, I doubt that would ever happen given others appear to be more interested in the aged and broken ones instead of the countless complete intact ones. I think it's funny that so many want the aged and decaying models instead of a pristine new one.
In 1961, I was into model building (airplanes,ships,etc) and I obtained a Trex which stood up and was a tail dragger as you said. I think it was made by TDC or something like that. I weathered the ivory colored bones and painted the kidney shaped base it stood on and gave it to the biology class lab for their display case in high school.... In 2012, we had our 50th class reunion and I saw it was still there!!! I also built a Brontesaurus from the same maker with the wrong head which was accepted at the time. I still have that in my collection. Of course now u can get great stuff on 3D printers.
If they can make a cast of Scottie, why couldn't the Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History make one of Sue and donate it to the town that discovered her?
There is casts of her, due to that McD and Disney supposedly have one, due to helping to get enough funding to win Sue from an auction. Along with other museums have casts of Sue. So, they do exist
I admire your dedication to your work from its very beginning. Importantly you speak in an authoritative voice, so that is a powerful indication that your entire knowledge from day one when you had embarked on what would become your very respected specialist subject matter. Well done young lady.
The Rex isn't just about being one of the largest carnivores to walk the planet... it's symbolic of the raw majesty of the greatest natural Marvel this world has ever created. Gaining answers about ancient life, about how these animals looked, grew, fed, fought, interacted, navigated, moved and of course.... evolved. Every year I get more and more excited about the advancements of technology that assist in our understanding and hearing about the latest discoveries and the latest theories about ancient life. It's just one giant puzzle and we should all be trying to put a piece in to solve it.
I'd love to work somewhere like there, being a geologist myself :) And, also being a dinosaur fan ever since I was a little kid. Any fossils would be exciting to find, especially of large animals like Scotty.
Tyrannosaurus anatomy needs to be looked at more closely concerning teeth. I believe that like other reptiles had gums/lips covered the teeth to protect from drying. Same is believed for Smilidon or saber toothed cat canines had fleshy lip pads that protected the saber canines that acted as a sheath. But public still want to believe in the image of prehistoric predators rather than reality.
Your footage at time 2:20 is NOT where Scotty was found. It is private property that requires landowner permission to access. I find it a bit offensive that using an unauthorized drone you are able to post inaccurate data.
CORRECTION: The Gravity at 70 Ma was a maximum of (22,660,943.54 / 35,100,000) = 0.645 611 g. This comes from ( 4936.681 km radius X 4590.32 kg/m^3 ) / ( 6371.008 x 5509.332 kg/m^3 ). Weight correction is thus 0.645 611 X 8.8 metric tonnes = 5.681 38 metric tonnes without rounding if this animal is actually from 70 Ma. Forward in time and "g" goes up. Backwards in time, and "g" goes down.
A dog makes a great dinosaur buddy. You need a dog to keep those pesky T-Rex spirits in line. Seriously, I love dogs and loved how they took their dog out to the site.
Probably, but I imagine they'd more likely steal them from the digs, since I think museums stamp the bones. Meaning a thief would need to chisel off any marked pieces, reducing the quality and price.
I feel like I'd have so much trouble spotting a vertebrae with the naked eye if I was just walking around in terrain, it just looks like another rock to me. The teeth definitely look unnatural sticking out of the dirt, and I'm sure under a microscope the vertebrae would be easy to discern, but wow, I admire how people are able to find the first signs of dig sites like this.
I heard a podcast where a paleontologist pointed out that basically, just like sauropods developed freakishly long necks to graze the top of trees with no competition, and people developed freakishly large brains, T-Rex developed freakish size and strength, so they could prey on and rip up large plant-eating dinosaurs. That was their evolutionary advantage. The sheer size and power of their bodies and their jaws. Crazy stuff.
@@EGarrett01 It's about uniqueness of a trait; the sauropod neck and human brain size are much more specialised traits of a niche than the much more general trait of physical size to tackle large prey. The niche filling by 'get-bigger-to-tackle-larger-prey is not only ubiquitous in nature, but T. rex was far from alone during its time at this! Whereas long necks and big brains are much more specialist traits in a vastly smaller range of taxa than 'get bigger' seen everywhere!
@@Dr.IanPlect I think the person in question might have been referring to the combination of size and bite strength. Being able to crush bones and literally rip off armored parts of prey's bodies probably allowed T-Rex to eat animals that other predators couldn't.
@@EGarrett01 Well that's a bit more specific, but still fairly general; many theropods were large with powerful jaws, and it's still largely analogous to other (mammalian) taxa too.
The rivalry between Sue & Scotty.. what is it about Palaeontologists and their obsession with size 😂 I always had an interest in palaeontology since being a kid in the 80s.. & for some reason I am watching loads of videos on the T-Rex recently. Fascinating.
Scotty is a weird name for a dinosaur esp a female one lol. Seeing dinosaur skeletons up close is really something, we used to take our kids to museums on school holidays and they loved it.
Great story but I find it rather odd that museums don't display the actual fossil opposed to casts. Seeing a big cast skeleton just isn't the same as seeing an actual specimen that's millions of years old. Personally, when i'm in museums and see cast in the description, I pretty much loose interest and I loved dino's since I was a kid. Seeing the one in Chicago and skull at the Smithsonian really took my breath away.
This is the reason why some palaeontologist must know that it is important to have few guys in the field and a lot more in the collections! There are so many new species in collection you can't imagine.
That's because of Sue. Her discovery and fossil was much easier to extract and because of that Scotty was almost forgotten about for several years. Then they figured out just how big Scotty was and that changed a little. Most people still haven't ever heard of Scotty, but they have heard of Sue
So many museums have so much tucked away in their storage that you could spend your entire career as a paleontologist just scouring these collections and never actually go out into the field. There's probably new animals waiting to be discovered that were collected back in the 1800s during the Bone Wars because Osborne & Marsh were both collecting way more specimens than they could study in a bid to one up the other to claim that they had found the most dinosaurs.
@@Baronstone Lots of drama with Sue 's discovery through arriving at her permanent home at the Field Museum in Chicago. Made her very famous. Her amazing story is told in a documentary called, Dinosaur 18. Very interesting.
Best estimates for max speed put the adult T-Rex at less than 25mph and more likely in the 15-20mph range. Something that big can't move that fast or the stress would destroy its bones. And, the argument that T-Rex could run for distance is simply not possible. T-Rex is built like a weight lifter and weight lifters are not going to give Usain Bolt a run for his money for speed nor will they hang with Eliud Kipchoge or Mo Farah at distance -- in fact, they tend to be rather ungainly at any speed.
@@Raptorman0909 it's been proven they were still very agile in their movements but like you said not too fast.But they were built for head on impact and violence.
@@anirban9434 -- I've heard it estimated that T-Rex could life about 600 pounds or 270kg with their arms but that is just a ballpark estimate and could be +/- 25% or so. It's likely T-Rex could lift far more with it's mouth, but unless it could anchor it's tail it would have difficulty actually lifting something truly massive -- it would topple over face first!
Big question, how can Scotty be over 30 years old at the time of death? The video I watched about Sue stated she was around 28 years old and that 30 is about the life span. National Geographic cites about 28 years as the life expectancy. So how can you have Scotty who is claimed to be over 30 but yet have no effect on changing the life expectancy of the T-Rex?
I met a couple of wild dogs wants to try to attack me and I finally drove them off but man what a rush could you imagine how much of a rush it would be to actually run across a T-Rex. But you would only be able to enjoy that rush if you manage to get away LOL
I've been prepping fossils for 4 decades. I will never use plaster to fill a long bone of that weight. She probably misspoke using the term "plaster" rather than the actual product used. I prefer stabilizing fossil bone with a two part epoxy polymer. These products today are stronger than bone and extremely durable.
How many other people wonder and mourn the loss of countless fossils due to erosion. It hurts me to know it has to be an amazing amount of information that will never be known. It's gone. It's only beaten by my knowledge that I will never know what any of these animals were truly like. I hate mysteries without a conclusion. The conundrum.
Neither. She said Regina. This city's name is not pronounced Reg-ee-na as some would probably think (and I don't blame them, seeing as that's how you pronounce the female name Regina) but it's actually Reg-ey-na. (the "ey" part has the same vowel sound as in the words "eye" and "spy")
During the time of dinosaurs, a lot of animals where huge compared to most animals nowadays. Also we don’t know every living creature that lived during that time period, due to how hard an animal become fossilized
Yeah it would be horrifying. Thankfully Humans are too tiny and too bony for a T-rex to even bother with. Much like a Great White. A predator like a T-rex would likely go after prey that gives it the most amount of food and energy for the amount of effort it takes to kill it. Your more than likely be scared off or ignored by a adult rex before it even considered eating you. Unless its desperate which in that case :P
bs"d Thank you for bringing Paleontology's significance into the greater context (learning to understand Earth's changes over long time periods) in this video.
It was king among kings. There is so much adaptation T- Rex had for being strong. It was literally a living war machine. The amount of physical punishment that these guys endured, god, they lived hell before being fossilized. Sometimes you are happy for them to be gone, it would be impossible to kill one without advanced equipment we have now, they would definitely erase us from history before we civilised.
It would be nice to have something like this on the Discovery Channel more often.
I am so glad to see this. I lived in Maple Creek and went there to see Scotty. Over the years, I became good friends with Tim Tokaryk and learned a lot from him.
The people of East End deserve so much credit for what they have put into this project. I remember being in the lab watching a technician remove waste from one of the bones.
You need the patience of Job and a steady hand to pull it off. Now, back in New Brunswick, I have found 300 million year old tree fossils and 470 million year old marine fossils.
We have no dinosaurs here....but then there's Joggins in Nova Scotia.
It may well be that we'll never find a specimen larger than, Scotty, but when you consider how very few animals were actually fossilized and preserved for potential discovery, and how in every species you'll find examples of "smaller than average" and "larger than average" specimens, I can't help but to contemplate the possibility that if, Scotty, is a large average, mature adult, then it would seem likely that at some point "larger than average" adult T-Rex's must have existed, and perhaps there's a fossil just waiting to be discovered of an animal in excess of 50 ft. that would dwarf all of the other examples we have now. Just a thought.
But....what if they got lucky, and found Scotty...a "larger than average" adult?
@EESoo We invent time travel eventually anyway and can just go back and study these things for real.
I like your thought process. Interesting and entirely possible.
@EESoo he was just paraphrasing from the video, if you continue to read his comment he offers a very similar sentiment.
Without a shadow of a doubt there was Tyrannosaurus specimens that would dwarf even scotty and I'll explain why.
1 scotty isnt exceptionally larger than other adult rexs
2 look at modern animals today there is always an absolute monster of specimen. Take the African Bush elephant. Makes average 5 to 6 tons the largest on record was almost 11 tons almost twice the size.
Before saltwater Crocodiles was almost hunted to extinction there was reports and even photographs of absolutely monstrous specimens.
Tyrannosaurus spanned over 2 million years there was absolutely many freak specimens who would've lived during that time.
Unfortunately as you said fossilisation is rare and the bigger the animal the less likely much of it would fossilise.
Especially when other Tyrannosaurus wouldn't think twice about feeding on a dead relative.
It would be amazing to tour a dig site! To touch an actual T Rex fossil has to be an experience you would never forget.
Assuming it really was a T Rex fossil and not a replica/chicken bones fake/woolly mammoth bone
I used to make models for museums. On one occasion I visited Oxford museum to have a meeting with the curator, and he gave me a tour. I was used to measuring casts of dinosaurs to build models but rarely touched actual fossils. He undid a cabinet and handed me something. It was a large heavy fossil, he then explained it was the type specimen of the partial jawbone of megalosaurus.
This was the first and only one. Absolutely priceless. I quickly and extremely carefully handed it straight back to him.
I had seen photographs of this fossil in books since I was a kid. It was a privilege, but I was much happier when it was back in the cabinet. If you make an appointment with your local museum, the curators are often very happy to show stuff behind the scenes, so you may be able to get to hold a T. rex tooth in your hand.
@@66lesjo WOW! are you talking about THE lower jawbone of Megalosaurus the one that has that one big tooth that looks larger than the rest?
I just googled that fossil and it really is from Oxford museum.
That's such a unique experience and it was one of the first fossils that we have since the start of paleontology.
I saw it in books since I was a kid too,it's so cool you actually hold it in your hands.
Congratulations on such a privilege and thank you for your contribution to a paleontology.
@@66lesjo Amazing! You must have so many amazing experiences from your time making the models! I would exhale a sigh of relief when it was safely back in place too!! That’s priceless, literally irreplaceable!
Not true. I went and forgot all about it
Excellent, I have a T Rex tooth tip that came from the Hell Creek Formation. It is the pride of my collection. It is so gratifying to own something from the king of dinosaurs.
Awesome! I had a fantasy as a kid that I could go the the museum and touch a dinosaur bone and look back into time and see what they looked like and how they lived.
Imagine being able to touch the tooth of a trex and living. So cool.
I been trying to find one to add to my collection. I obtained a tooth from a Spinosaurus complete with root which set me back a decent $130 some six years ago. Every T-Rex tooth I come across is in the thousands of dollars which I hate to say it like this but fossils are rocks, and I can not justify paying thousands of dollars for a rock like this. I wish I could find one in the $100 - $300 price range cause Im willing to pay that much.
@@Milner62 I'd like to have a T-Rex tooth also, but just to note, it's priced so much because it's not a rock in the way you're describing. It's something special.
@@Milner62 where can we buy T rex tooths? I see some being sold online but am unsure of the legitimacy . thanks!
Excellent production, tells the story well.
thank you
I live in Regina, and my daughter is a dinosaur fanatic. We go see Scotty at least once a month.
Is she planning on going to school for it?…how to become a dinosaur expert?
@@whitewolfcomings3588 I mean, she just turned 3, so of course she is. She's also planning to turn into a mermaid princess and go hunt for pearls with her pet Triceratops named Topsy later today, so take that as you will, lol.
If she does decide to go to school to be a paleontologist in the future, she'll probably go to the university of Alberta to study. it's one of the best schools for paleontology in the world, seeing as how many dinosaurs come from this part of the world.
That’s great….Dinosaurs are great to watch and you know what the dinosaur that lived in Alberta? It’s the Albertasaurus 😊
It's mind blowing really to fathom that these animals existed and died and that their bones were fossilized, all over 66 million years ago. Sometimes I just think it's all too incredible to really comprehend fully.
And even larger again than Scotty are waiting to be discovered. Awesome specimen!
Our Australian version is much bigger
@@dukedashwolfgg2283 how big is the Australian one
@@silder3459 393 feet tall, weighs 90,000 tons
@@solidified-spinosaurus oh no… gojira
I will never forget when I was in 6th grade, and we had library time on Fridays for two hours.
I loved astranomy and would spend my time looking for books on the cosmos. I loved the Time/Life big books because they had cool images of space.
While searching, I saw a large book that said Dinosaurs. When I opened it, it blew my mind.
There were pictures of these huge incredible beasts fighting and killing each other.
There was a T-Rex ripping flesh from another dinosaur.
I did a double take on the book, and looked around.
This can't be real. Maybe it was a Fantasy Book about dragons.
But Damn! It was real.
I checked that book out every week.
At 19:10 it appears that the mosasaurus has an extra metatarsus on the wrist of the in swept side of the flipper. Is that for a possible 6th digit or simply scaffolding to define the contour of the flipper?
I've been to Eastend twice. It is a very pretty town. Not only does it have "Scotty" but is also close to Grasslands National
Park which hosts the current largest land animal on the continent.
I live twenty minutes away from there
What amazes me is they didn't chew their food and yet they needed to eat about a dump-truck load of meat per day just to not starve. How did their stomach handle sharp splintered bones and potentially rocks and dirt stuck in the meat..
More then likely it just past through with everything else ig
Stomach acid like crocodiles
extremely acidic stomach acid like in wolves
A bite from a Rex was bone-crushing. Likely, they ingested a *lot* of bone fragments with each chomp when they fed, so they likely had very acidic stomach acid.
When bones aren't cooked they are much different plus being related to birds they might of went through a gizzard filled with stones that pulverized meat bones and gristle. That and a stomach acid that was very powerful.
Think of crocodilians and snakes they break down bone horn and antler. Or maybe they were like an owl and puked up pellets filled with inedible items.
Could you imagine.. The stories Scotty could tell if bone remains could talk?
The remains aren't even bone anymore just stone
"Am big"
it would go something like this ,,there was that time i bit that t rex in the face once,,
they still can talk, just not with words
@@stopYmpersonatYngmYacCount
Yes.
Just think, in all the vastness of area and of all the places in time how lucky it was he found that vertebrae (albeit on private land as well) that fossils like this are found at all. Simply amazing
What if the museum (or wherever) made a limited number of copies of the bones and sold them as art objects, as a fund raiser?
Damn that's really huge. It would be terrifying to see that skeleton with flesh. He would be as big as jurassic park trex.
Rexy was as big as Sue I'm pretty sure, if not smaller.
Fact: Scotty is heavier than Rexy! amazing isn't?!
Bigger, plus jp rexy is skin wrapped still
Narrator: there is also a gift shop filled with dinosaur paraphernalia...
Ok, crackhead dinosaurs!
better than the discovery channel.
I don't think it will ever be possible, but I would 100% be all for cloning a dinosaur in the future. I wouldn't go all out and try to create a real Jurassic Park, but I would love to see at least one dinosaur cloned so that the world could see what these beautiful creatures really looked like. It's so amazing to think what this world was like 65 million years ago and before even that. It was truly an amazing period in Earth's history.
We'll probably find a way, to be honest. Look what we've accomplished thus far with inventions, technology and other sciences.
We'll probably find out a way to splice DNA with current living Dinosaur descendants.
We're a crazy species, we've made it to Space and have people living up there right now. Honestly, I don't think anything is impossible for us humans, we'll possibly even build a time machine. ( I'm very open minded ) that being said; it'll probably be 10 - 20 years before we even attempt to bring back the Dinosaurs.
Don't give up hope, I believe it will happen. We're starting out with plants, we've already brought back some late cretaceous and jurassic period plants from extinction.
Cloning: We're already trying to bring back the Sabre Tooth Cat and the Wolly Mammoth, I think when we bring them back, we'll try ever more advanced stuff. It's like with starting out with anything; practice and practice, and eventually you become a pro and discover even more techniques and other stuff.
It's not outside the realm of possibility.
@@フォックスハウンド-n9c Just a quick update for you
Birds are actually dinosaurs, since they are on Dinosauria, on the theropod group
What an awesome video! Although I don't smoke I could see myself walking around vaping and cussing!
The Earth's birth and the evolution of life is the biggest miracle to ever happen.
I wish on a star ⭐ I can just go back in time just for a day to observe these magnificent animals to see these guys in action will take my breath away ...
Me too.
You wouldnt survive for 5 mins back then. A spider could probably even kill you. But it would make for a sick gameshow: Lets see how long our next contestant will make it in the Jurassic era!
Mr. Gebhardt was my biology teacher. Such a nice man
Did you have him as a teacher before or after the discovery?
@@OvertimeStudios before, I moved away in 1978. He was a wonderful teacher
@@gypsyrose1958 thanks for sharing
And thanks for subscribing to our channel
@@OvertimeStudios 👍
It just amazes and wonders me how somewhere under the empty plains of the world there are remnants telling the stories of all these prehistoric animals who lived and died millions of years ago.. and the animals themselves, despite living amazing dramatic lives, wouldn't have cared one bit about us rediscovering them .. 😂
Scotty isn't only the largest T. Rex, it's the largest theropod currently known to science.
What is a theropod?
@@crystalheart9 trex giganotosaurus allosaurus spinosaurus e.t.c
@@AA-tz2bm Thank you!
Wait so you're saying it's larger than the spino?
@@akrilla5929 In terms of weight, yes. But Spinosaurus is still the longer animal
Fascinating! Thank you for sharing this amazing footage.
Great video, thank you
I am sure they must have scanned the bones for study. They could print 3-D copies to use as patterns for mold casting and make easy reproductions. In various sizes for models or whatever. And sell them as fund raisers. Many years ago, I had a plastic model of a T-Rex skeleton. It was cat sized. It was from back in the day when it was presumed T-Rex dragged her tail on the ground. (Circa 1960's.)
hell, selling 3D OBJ's with texture maps for 3D renders, would also be cool. yet I'll guess if they did that, it would cost way more than I get a year before bills to buy a virtual 3D model, lol. that is a lot of individual bones to scan, clean up the 3D scanned mesh, etc, that is honestly a hell of a lot of work. even if only a foot claw, or a finger claw, or whatever. it would be cool tho.
archeopteryx, Microraptor, and an Enantiornithes, would really peak my interest, I just doubt I could afford the cost of 3D scanning them (again, lots of bits to scan and clean up the mesh on). there is also an unrelated Egyptian 3D model I would like as well, however, I doubt that would ever happen given others appear to be more interested in the aged and broken ones instead of the countless complete intact ones. I think it's funny that so many want the aged and decaying models instead of a pristine new one.
In 1961, I was into model building (airplanes,ships,etc) and I obtained a Trex which stood up and was a tail dragger as you said. I think it was made by TDC or something like that. I weathered the ivory colored bones and painted the kidney shaped base it stood on and gave it to the biology class lab for their display case in high school.... In 2012, we had our 50th class reunion and I saw it was still there!!! I also built a Brontesaurus from the same maker with the wrong head which was accepted at the time. I still have that in my collection. Of course now u can get great stuff on 3D printers.
@@raybame5816 I am sure I had the same model.
I always thought Sue was the biggest. Crazy to learn new things about something you love.
Thanks for your interest John, it’s great to meet people who are passionate about the Paleo world.
i think sue was the most complete
@@chadsmith66 yep 90% complete
My mother in-law broke her hip, but still has all her bones.
😫✌
@@redangrybird7564 i have green underwear and green socks today
If they can make a cast of Scottie, why couldn't the Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History make one of Sue and donate it to the town that discovered her?
There is casts of her, due to that McD and Disney supposedly have one, due to helping to get enough funding to win Sue from an auction. Along with other museums have casts of Sue. So, they do exist
I admire your dedication to your work from its very beginning. Importantly you speak in an authoritative voice, so that is a powerful indication that your entire knowledge from day one when you had embarked on what would become your very respected specialist subject matter. Well done young lady.
The Rex isn't just about being one of the largest carnivores to walk the planet... it's symbolic of the raw majesty of the greatest natural Marvel this world has ever created.
Gaining answers about ancient life, about how these animals looked, grew, fed, fought, interacted, navigated, moved and of course.... evolved.
Every year I get more and more excited about the advancements of technology that assist in our understanding and hearing about the latest discoveries and the latest theories about ancient life.
It's just one giant puzzle and we should all be trying to put a piece in to solve it.
I'd love to work somewhere like there, being a geologist myself :) And, also being a dinosaur fan ever since I was a little kid. Any fossils would be exciting to find, especially of large animals like Scotty.
Fascinating! Thank you,my dad was a Geologist, Marine scientist and Oceanographer t,this is education!
Excellent documentary... Thank you... 👍🇦🇺
Damn this is a well done video
Im wanna come check out the museum some time. Haven't been there for over 10 years, so itd be interesting to see this display.
The bones and rocks have much to tell us, if we know how to read them!
Hey again, Thanks 4 the great story about Scotty, I loved it!
Naming a T-Rex like a pet betrays a stunnng lack of imagination.
Yep, I’m thinking Gorak!
4,000 - 7,000 lbs. heavier than a bull African Elephant - wow!
at 2:10 in they state an estimated weight of 8.8 metric tonnes or 19,400 lbs
@@carboncomplex 19,555 lbs actually
@@Texasmade74 8.8 metric tonnes = 19,400.7 pounds according to both metric converters I used.
coolconversion.com/weight/8.8-metric%20ton-to-kg
@@carboncomplex thats also what the old estimates of t rex were back decades ago ...
I have to ask an expert what colour was this animal and did it have feathers ?
Tyrannosaurus anatomy needs to be looked at more closely concerning teeth. I believe that like other reptiles had gums/lips covered the teeth to protect from drying. Same is believed for Smilidon or saber toothed cat canines had fleshy lip pads that protected the saber canines that acted as a sheath. But public still want to believe in the image of prehistoric predators rather than reality.
Your footage at time 2:20 is NOT where Scotty was found. It is private property that requires landowner permission to access. I find it a bit offensive that using an unauthorized drone you are able to post inaccurate data.
CORRECTION: The Gravity at 70 Ma was a maximum of (22,660,943.54 / 35,100,000) = 0.645 611 g.
This comes from ( 4936.681 km radius X 4590.32 kg/m^3 ) / ( 6371.008 x 5509.332 kg/m^3 ).
Weight correction is thus 0.645 611 X 8.8 metric tonnes = 5.681 38 metric tonnes without rounding if this animal is actually from 70 Ma. Forward in time and "g" goes up. Backwards in time, and "g" goes down.
Latest calculation put gravity at 66 % at 66 Million Years Ago. A convenient pair of numbers
2:04 "believed to be a female Scotty was ..."
I have seen her famous brother Sue at Chicago Field Museum.
what happened to Sue?
sue is the 2nd largest
@@OvertimeStudios ooooohhhhhh
A dog makes a great dinosaur buddy. You need a dog to keep those pesky T-Rex spirits in line. Seriously, I love dogs and loved how they took their dog out to the site.
Hopefully theres alot of security around those centers, i bet dinosaur bones would sell high on black markets
Probably, but I imagine they'd more likely steal them from the digs, since I think museums stamp the bones. Meaning a thief would need to chisel off any marked pieces, reducing the quality and price.
Where is east end, Saskatchewan? It's in regina...
in Southwest Saskatchewan
Eh?
Letting tours visit the site was a good idea.
I LIVE HERE I GO HERE ALL THE TIME THIS IS SO COOL!!!!
I feel like I'd have so much trouble spotting a vertebrae with the naked eye if I was just walking around in terrain, it just looks like another rock to me. The teeth definitely look unnatural sticking out of the dirt, and I'm sure under a microscope the vertebrae would be easy to discern, but wow, I admire how people are able to find the first signs of dig sites like this.
"Scotty" got her name from a bottle of Scotch whisky...
I heard a podcast where a paleontologist pointed out that basically, just like sauropods developed freakishly long necks to graze the top of trees with no competition, and people developed freakishly large brains, T-Rex developed freakish size and strength, so they could prey on and rip up large plant-eating dinosaurs. That was their evolutionary advantage. The sheer size and power of their bodies and their jaws. Crazy stuff.
But their size isn't at all in the same category of sauropods and humans...
@@Dr.IanPlect Huh?
@@EGarrett01 It's about uniqueness of a trait; the sauropod neck and human brain size are much more specialised traits of a niche than the much more general trait of physical size to tackle large prey.
The niche filling by 'get-bigger-to-tackle-larger-prey is not only ubiquitous in nature, but T. rex was far from alone during its time at this! Whereas long necks and big brains are much more specialist traits in a vastly smaller range of taxa than 'get bigger' seen everywhere!
@@Dr.IanPlect I think the person in question might have been referring to the combination of size and bite strength. Being able to crush bones and literally rip off armored parts of prey's bodies probably allowed T-Rex to eat animals that other predators couldn't.
@@EGarrett01 Well that's a bit more specific, but still fairly general; many theropods were large with powerful jaws, and it's still largely analogous to other (mammalian) taxa too.
This man could sale dictionary audiobooks.
Nice documentary about the gift shop.
It is21feef tall and 43feet long
Whos bigger scotty or sue
The rivalry between Sue & Scotty.. what is it about Palaeontologists and their obsession with size 😂
I always had an interest in palaeontology since being a kid in the 80s.. & for some reason I am watching loads of videos on the T-Rex recently. Fascinating.
Scotty is a weird name for a dinosaur esp a female one lol. Seeing dinosaur skeletons up close is really something, we used to take our kids to museums on school holidays and they loved it.
It’s purely for the weirdo agenda I picked up by too wink wink .
Great story but I find it rather odd that museums don't display the actual fossil opposed to casts. Seeing a big cast skeleton just isn't the same as seeing an actual specimen that's millions of years old. Personally, when i'm in museums and see cast in the description, I pretty much loose interest and I loved dino's since I was a kid. Seeing the one in Chicago and skull at the Smithsonian really took my breath away.
you know scotty has been around since the 1990s but most of it was still in storage for many years...
This is the reason why some palaeontologist must know that it is important to have few guys in the field and a lot more in the collections! There are so many new species in collection you can't imagine.
That's because of Sue. Her discovery and fossil was much easier to extract and because of that Scotty was almost forgotten about for several years. Then they figured out just how big Scotty was and that changed a little. Most people still haven't ever heard of Scotty, but they have heard of Sue
So many museums have so much tucked away in their storage that you could spend your entire career as a paleontologist just scouring these collections and never actually go out into the field. There's probably new animals waiting to be discovered that were collected back in the 1800s during the Bone Wars because Osborne & Marsh were both collecting way more specimens than they could study in a bid to one up the other to claim that they had found the most dinosaurs.
@@Baronstone Lots of drama with Sue 's discovery through arriving at her permanent home at the Field Museum in Chicago. Made her very famous. Her amazing story is told in a documentary called, Dinosaur 18. Very interesting.
How interesting is that!
Ambush hunter possible in packs it could have bolted to 30 to 40 mph with that size step . How much weight in meat per day did it need ?
Best estimates for max speed put the adult T-Rex at less than 25mph and more likely in the 15-20mph range. Something that big can't move that fast or the stress would destroy its bones. And, the argument that T-Rex could run for distance is simply not possible. T-Rex is built like a weight lifter and weight lifters are not going to give Usain Bolt a run for his money for speed nor will they hang with Eliud Kipchoge or Mo Farah at distance -- in fact, they tend to be rather ungainly at any speed.
@@Raptorman0909 it's been proven they were still very agile in their movements but like you said not too fast.But they were built for head on impact and violence.
@@Raptorman0909 how much weight trex can lift
@@anirban9434 -- I've heard it estimated that T-Rex could life about 600 pounds or 270kg with their arms but that is just a ballpark estimate and could be +/- 25% or so. It's likely T-Rex could lift far more with it's mouth, but unless it could anchor it's tail it would have difficulty actually lifting something truly massive -- it would topple over face first!
@@Raptorman0909 can lift 10ton with mouth
Big question, how can Scotty be over 30 years old at the time of death? The video I watched about Sue stated she was around 28 years old and that 30 is about the life span. National Geographic cites about 28 years as the life expectancy. So how can you have Scotty who is claimed to be over 30 but yet have no effect on changing the life expectancy of the T-Rex?
2:58 that threw me off lol
When i die and if i make it heaven maybe ill get to see them as they were.
I met a couple of wild dogs wants to try to attack me and I finally drove them off but man what a rush could you imagine how much of a rush it would be to actually run across a T-Rex. But you would only be able to enjoy that rush if you manage to get away LOL
There is a town called Ragina?
@Dietrich Ess - there's a song in that name. Thank you for the data - finally I can spell Saskatchewan. And Regina.
Do bones shrink as they dry, fossilize over 60 million years?
Eaven in the goddamn documentary they got the arms of the fucking t rex wrong how hard is it !!!!!!!!!!!!
How so? This is a real question, not a challenge. Their arms are fascinating to me. So small, comparatively.
@Jayden Nguyen y e s.
T.Rex wasn't the largest carnivore. It's actually the 3rd largest.
I’ve been in the original home of scotty and live only 20 minutes away and the land it was found on is my home towns highschool prinaple
I've been prepping fossils for 4 decades. I will never use plaster to fill a long bone of that weight. She probably misspoke using the term "plaster" rather than the actual product used. I prefer stabilizing fossil bone with a two part epoxy polymer. These products today are stronger than bone and extremely durable.
It's hard to feel terrified of a T-rex when I imagine it saying, "soree, but i'm afraid i'm gona to hafta eat ya eh?".
Who (Oh, Canada...) oh who eh who did the bloody music? Please. It's Eno good.
How many other people wonder and mourn the loss of countless fossils due to erosion. It hurts me to know it has to be an amazing amount of information that will never be known. It's gone. It's only beaten by my knowledge that I will never know what any of these animals were truly like.
I hate mysteries without a conclusion. The conundrum.
Well, we're missing around a billion years fossils because of world wide floods/ice.... and I am also disappointed by that fact. Damn!
Did she virgina or Virginia?
Neither. She said Regina. This city's name is not pronounced Reg-ee-na as some would probably think (and I don't blame them, seeing as that's how you pronounce the female name Regina) but it's actually Reg-ey-na. (the "ey" part has the same vowel sound as in the words "eye" and "spy")
AWSOME!
Fascinating.
I hope a statue of Scotty will be made someday, hes skeleton is so tall and menacing.
so basically Scottie build the museum and upgraded a towns economy , awesome
Very smart people they should and are applauded
I Think This T-Rex Had A Name Scotty And His Full Is Scotty Rex
What if they just kept growing throughout their lives like crocodiles.
Are their papers on the depositional enviroment that Scotty was recovered from?
How did the diplodocus eat enough to sustain itself?
During the time of dinosaurs, a lot of animals where huge compared to most animals nowadays. Also we don’t know every living creature that lived during that time period, due to how hard an animal become fossilized
I'd hate to see that Behemoth comein' after me, at least for the few seconds I'd have left to live! !!
just punch it in the nose like a shark..
No...you zig zag...they can't turn quickly.
@@xbpbat21x haha, good idea
Yeah it would be horrifying. Thankfully Humans are too tiny and too bony for a T-rex to even bother with.
Much like a Great White. A predator like a T-rex would likely go after prey that gives it the most amount of food and energy for the amount of effort it takes to kill it.
Your more than likely be scared off or ignored by a adult rex before it even considered eating you. Unless its desperate which in that case :P
You might have enough time to soil your pants and fill your body with adrenaline.
Bunny hands? Really?!?
Scotty was definitely level 150
For every species we know ,imagine the thousands we dont
Mind boggling
bs"d Thank you for bringing Paleontology's significance into the greater context (learning to understand Earth's changes over long time periods) in this video.
Scotty2hotty just like me
As a guy named Scott I can confirm
It was king among kings. There is so much adaptation T- Rex had for being strong. It was literally a living war machine. The amount of physical punishment that these guys endured, god, they lived hell before being fossilized. Sometimes you are happy for them to be gone, it would be impossible to kill one without advanced equipment we have now, they would definitely erase us from history before we civilised.
thanks !!!
What happened to the dinosaurs can happen again...😳👉👈
Most scientific sources estimate Scotty at 42 feet and 6 inches and he weighed in at 19,555 lbs about 900 lbs heavier than Sue