Meuse-Argonne Offensive: Biggest Battle in American History - Patrick Mooney
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 25 ก.ย. 2018
- The Meuse-Argonne Offensive was the largest operation of the American Expeditionary Forces and remains the biggest campaign in American history. Join Patrick Mooney, Military Historian at the National Museum of the Marine Corps, for an expert talk on this seminal campaign, highlighting the Battle of Blanc Mont Ridge and the crossing of the Meuse River.
For more information about the National WWI Museum and Memorial visit theworldwar.org
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My Grandfather, LT Lawrence LeRoy O'Kelley fought and was wounded at Meuse-Argonne. His in-depth journal from the war can be found at the Missouri State Historical Society.
My grandfather was there...he was a US army field engineer. I have a copy of his discharge papers upon which his participation was noted. His name was Thomas Mayo and he was a wonderful man. He died in 1981 at 87 years old in Parsons Kansas.
My husband’s grandfather came from Belgium to the US at age 18 with 10 dollars, then got back on a boat to fight in this battle . He was wounded then settled in the Dakotas . He was an amazing cowboy , and a great American.
I am descended from a Soldier who served as a machine gunner in the 35th Infantry Division. Nearly a century after him, I underwent Basic Training at the same site he did. When he went through it was Camp Doniphan. When I went through, Camp Doniphan had been folded into Ft. Sill, OK. It was a humbling honor to tour what was left of Camp Doniphan and walk the same ground he did nearly a century prior.
Your artillery
My great grandfather received a silver star during the Meuse Argonne when he volunteered to go out in to no man’s land with the camp cook to retrieve a machine gun under fire. He survived unscathed, but the cook got his big toe shot off.
My Grandpa was in this one in the 33rd, and had a diary, half written in German, and then he found it and continue to write in it. 'A Golden Cross to Bear' is a great documentary
My grandmother was a teenager in Ohio during World War One. All of her parents, grandparents and uncles had immigrated from Germany starting about 1880. Shortly before she passed, she recorded a series of personal recollections. Of particular note was her description of a “Patriotic Parade” in her little Ohio town. The flags were flapping in the breeze... people were lined up to march. Then, the super patriotic thugs removed all “Germans” from the parade... including her own parents, who had two sons in the American Army.... currently fighting in France.
War is a stinking racket. The only beneficiaries are politicians, arms makers and undertakers. My grandmother by the way, lost a son when his bomber went down in 1944. Since then, we’ve had more wars than one can recall... every one of them a waste.
This perspective is justified, and I respect it. However, these stories are our history, and our heritage. We honor, not the Kings who started this war, and not the military brass who oversaw the destruction, but the troops who actually had to do the dirty part.
This story is rich, and is one of the most tragic of them all. But subtract the tragedy from the heroism of the common soldier, and allow for both. It's horrible, yes, but we educate ourselves about these things because we are, after all, only human.
Also, your presence here puts you several notches above most people, because you actively absorb these historical events, rather than waste your mind on, perhaps, fashion, or pornography.
@@shanemedlin9400 you're a fool. And fools like you are what tge pols depend a upon to fight wars.
I've got a firend who's ex US army (4ID) reckons after the infantry, the largest element of the USMC is the public relations department, no wonder people find them insufferable . 1.2m AEF fought in the Meuse-Argonne, one brigade were marines. Watch any Richard Faulkner lecture for a really great, balanced take on the AEF on the western front.
My great great grandpa was in the Meuse-Argonne offensive he was caught in a gas attack on October 3rd in France he survived but never was same again
my grand father also, survived but had portions of his skull cut out in Paris when it became infected.
My Great Uncle was in the 80th division 320th regiment on the front line during this war. He was killed in action on the first day.
There’s needs to be a movie with a huge budget based on this film.
content starts about 6:00
My great grandfather and his brother were part of the 91st division, which saw heavy casualties in this conflict. I wish I could find out more details about their service, but I’m just glad they both made it back alive.
Anyway, thanks to Sammy's who's fighted in the trenches and in the fields...we never spoke German since this 🙏🙏🙏greatings from Lorraine(France)
I'm part of the 2nd Engineer Battalion today and we are authorized the fourragère as well, part of our lineage as the 2nd Division's engineer element.
A very impressive lecture, fascinating in scope.
Joseph, Many thanks...I greatly enjoyed preparing and presenting it.
one fact about Daly his 2 MOH's could have been as many as 5 he was recomended for 3 actoins in Bellow Woods. The military thought that 2 MOH's was enough and gave him 1 DSC for all 3 actions, in Bellow Woods
A seven and a half hour artillery barrage would have driven me mad
My great great great uncle was killed in this battle. Nov 2nd 1918. Lied about his age and joined the war with the 145th INF. Died just before the wars ends.
There is a beautiful monument to the fallen of the US Army at Montsec, not far from Saint-Mihiel. I lived in that area, an area fought over repeatedly by the French and the Germans and with numerous war cemeteries of men from several nations. So very sad to think of the waste of human life.
That was a good presentation. Thanks Patrick! I had Google maps open and was marking locations as you went. I was googling "Senegal farm" but it turns out it's "Seneval" farm. The private road on the map leading to the farm is labeled as such in Google maps.
Cameron...many thanks. It is very interesting re: Senegal vs Seneval...all the period references refer to it as Senegal, but that be a transliteration since the Division had fought alongside the Senegalese during the Soissons Offensive. Worth me digging in a bit...what I love about history, I am ALWAYS learning, ALWAYS a student.
@@patrickmooney1764 I would like to contact you ... Any mean ?
@@patrickmooney1764 Do you have an e-mail adress?
David Chardon you can contact
me at patrick.mooney1775@gmail.com
My great-grandfather was a bridge engineer there.
The only thing that can defeat a US Marine? A Power Point clicker lol. Great lecture brother!
That, or a game of I can't feel my face...
Corey, so true, Brother! Bet it was designed by the Army...more than one button and us Jarheads are con-fuze-eld
He probably forgot to install the crayons
I use PPT, and I felt his pain! ❤🇺🇸
Was the BEF, really the spearhead of the 100 days offensive ?
On the Western Front, the 1 November 1918 :
French Army :
- 102 infantry divisions, 6 cavalry divisions
- 2,659,084 men and 630,440 horses
- 5,578 heavy guns and 1,626 trench guns
- 50,700 chauchats and 30,664 heavy MG's
- 1,272 tanks
- 3,609 planes
British Army :
- 60 infantry divisions and 3 cavalry divisions
- 1,721,890 men and 388,00 horses
- 2,197 heavy guns and 2,570 trench guns
- 20,000 lewis and 4,632 heavy MG's
- 611 tanks
- 1,678 planes (!!!)
American Army :
- 31 infantry divisions and no cavalry division
- 1,821,449 men and 151,250 horses
- 746 trench guns and 406 heavy guns
- 18,465 light MG's (most of them being chauchat CSRG 1918 and the rest being BAR's) and 6,239 heavy MG's
- 91 tanks (lol)
- 2,032 planes
Between July 18 and the end of the war, the French, American and Belgian armies combined captured 196,700 prisoners-of-war and 3,775 guns, while British forces, with a smaller army than the French, engaged the main mass of the German Army and captured 188,700 prisoners and 2,840 guns.
Let me repeat that: the French, American and Belgian armies combined captured 196,700 prisoners-of-war and 3,775 guns, while British forces captured 188,700 prisoners and 2,840 guns.
British forces captured only 8,000 fewer prisoners and 935 less guns than the other allies combined
In other words the British Army took just under 50% of the prisoners and just over 40% of the guns.
The British, Canadians and Australians were definitely the spearhead after the victory of Amiem (black day of German army)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Amiens_(1918)
@@Swift-mr5zi They were the spearhead of the 8 August 1918, yes, the spearhead during one day during the 100 days of the 100 days offensive ! Impressive ! They were as many as French as British/canadian/Australian during the Battle of Amiens with more material (more artillery, more plane and better tanks) and they fought longer and conquered more area. The British took more deserteurs that the French, that's true.
Spearheads aren't determined by size
@@kenneth9874 "Size doesn't matter" lol
My grandfather was wounded in battle Charles B. Lorash was his name he was born 1894 died 1954 I was 2 at that time
Patrick, you keep using the term, "jump off point". The correct military terminology for what you are describing is called, the "line of departure" or in acronym form, the "LOD".
George, thank you for your comment. Common terminology for the First War was Jump off point...it is frequently recorded in diaries, orders and in books written after the war by those who served in France. LOD is a phrase born largely out of our Amphibious Assaults in the Second World War, which indicated the point where landing craft exited the circular holding pattern and "lined up" to begin the run to the beach. However, I will look again at my 1918 Manual for Offensive Actions ( a reprint of a French Manual for the AEF) to ensure I am speaking correctly. Hope you otherwise enjoyed the lecture. I had a great time preparing and presenting it.
In WW1 the term really was "jump off point." A lot of these terms were taken from the British and French. Jump off was British. American pilots also used the British term "being jumped" to mean being attacked by enemy airplanes. I think that was used again during WW2.
"Jump off point" and also 'jump off time" Lovely old civil War'ism. I kinda like it better, more human...
What was the name of the last Marine that fell on Nov 11th?
Mom,s Dad was in this. i have the paper work now. Mom left the paper work and i will keep it until i die. Pa is what we called Mom,s Dad. did not want to be called GrandPa. Oh well. but he never talked about his experiences in WW1. He was wounded in this battle. He recovered close to Paris is all i know.
why were the Americans so very very slow in fielding an army in WWI? Joined the war in April 6,1917 but never really fought in strength until July, 1918. That is a 16 month delay, even then the troops were only effective the last two months of the war and then with the French, British, Australian and Canadian thrust in the last 100 days.
It takes a long time to increase an army from tens of thousands to a few million. You also have to train the leadership of those new units and industry has to spin up and make the equipment for them to fight with. For better or worse, once a unit was fielded and trained up, it was then split up to create the cadres for other units that would then be subsequently fielded. It meant we could make our army bigger faster, but it also meant we were slower to get completed units into the fight. The channel here has a couple good lectures on this subject.
To answer your question check out Richard "Sean" Faulkner's lectures on TH-cam. His area of expertise is the AEF and has also written at least 2 well received books on the subject.
In addition to the time to train, and equip a new army, the US also had to transport millions of troops across an ocean. That meant a huge naval building program, and even more importantly, the development of a supply, and logistics network capable of sustaining such a force in the field on the other side of the Atlantic. Getting enough troops in the right place with the right training, and equipment to make a difference in the decisive moments of the war in such a short amount of time is no mean feat!
No cell phones. No e-mail. No faxes. Boats and trains, not jets and planes to transport hundreds of thousands of troops. exams, administration, staging, training. The standing U.S. army was less than 28,000 before 1917. That was the equivalent of about one division among hundreds of divisions fighting along the fronts of WWI. You think you can enlist, ready, mobilize and train all those troops (over a million) in less than a year with the technology of the time?
Influenza outbreak was a factor
26277 US troops and 35000 French troops were killed during this offensive. In a not even 2 months battle, 26 September - 11 November 1918. To be compared with the carnage of Verdun, 21 February - 18 December 1916. In this 10 months massacre, which was exclusively a French German battle and ended in a French victory, official losses were about 700000 on both sides. And the truth is probably above 1 million. Total WW1 US fatalities were not even 120000 dead. Half by disease. For barely a year of fightings November 1917 November 1918.
U.S. tipped the balance. German Divisions from the East were arriving West by the tens of thousands. The Allies would have lost without America's entry or at best a stalemate. France required and readily welcomed our help. They were spent.
Why were the Marines effective in taking the strongpoint in the first 2 hours when the French had failed for 4 years?
The French were much more better that the Americans during WW1.
WW1, especially on the Western Front, was a war of attrition, and by the 1918, Germans have been withered down to a point where their morale was low, they were underequipped, sick, hungry, unmotivated to continue the war, and above all - outnumbered. Basically, Americans entry to the war and their subsequent offensives on the Western Front was a coup de grace for German Army.
@@davidchardon1303 is that why the French failed for 4 years and the marines succeeded in 2 hours
@@Jklopoppcorn in addition to what bartlomej said; 1,200,00 vs 450,000, you do the math
@@Jklopoppcorn The Americans were still using a 1912 book of tactics, so, literally a 1914 war tactics in 1918.
So because of a bluff by the French the AEF suffered such huge losses.
Let us never sacrifice the lives of our American troops again 🇺🇲
Everyone knows the US Army did all the heavy fighting at the Meuse Argonne. Marines were in the way.
Sadly the americans also lost a lot of fine young men due egotripping, unexperienced american generals. The new version of the movie all quiet on the western front: the german general attacking at the moment of the armistisch is based on a real american commander who planned to dothe same. Luckely it didn't get going. Great fighting from the americans but very high cassulty rate due to being to inexperienced.
@@danielvanmol5655 I guess that you think that the french and british leaders were better after squandering millions of lives in frutal frontal assaults in the face of artillery and machine guns, smh
26277 US troops and 35000 French troops were killed during this offensive. In a not even 2 months battle, 26 September - 11 November 1918. To be compared with the carnage of Verdun, 21 February - 18 December 1916. In this 10 months massacre, which was exclusively a French German battle and ended in a French victory, official losses were about 700000 on both sides. And the truth is probably above 1 million. Total WW1 US fatalities were not even 120000 dead. Half by disease. For barely a year of fightings November 1917 November 1918.
All French people know you came to help out. Twice.
It does not make us wage war on Iraq for ??? but by all means we know who are friends are! Thank you US people.
I just bought an authentic 78th helmet 🪖 ❤❤❤❤