How to Make a Hot Compost Pile Successfully 1 of 2
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 7 ก.ย. 2018
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Learn how to build a hot compost pile from start to finish. Learn the correct ratios of Carbon (browns) and Nitrogen (greens), how much moisture to add, and the temperatures you need to take a pile through to safely and effectively make compost. I'll teach you theory and practical information so that you will have the skills to build your piles from various materials and still be successful. We will learn about aerobic and anaerobic bacteria as well as the thermophilic composting process.
If you are a market gardener, urban farmer, or small farmer growing commercially, I recommend purchasing most of the compost you need from a local source. It is not cost effective as a business to make your own compost unless you are doing it on a large scale with a tractor or forced air set up. So just keep that in mind. I created this video to help anyone who wants to understand the details of how composting works and how to build a thermophilic (hot) compost pile. See the video description for more info and help, including a compost tracker excel program I made! Also here, bit.ly/2NCTbW6
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Can you say mor about why you think it’s not cost effective? Do you think it’s god for the home gardener who just wants to have some homemade soil to create a pollinator garden?
I watched this with headphones on. I kept looking around the room for chickens.
I came here to say this!
You too? 😁
I love the sound of chickens! That was the perfect touch to this video.
😂😂😂😂😂
Lol
This may seem like a weird thing to comment on, but your calm voice tone makes your videos a pleasure to listen to. I don’t find myself distracted (or irritated) by your voice or delivery. I can concentrate on the valuable information you’re sharing.
Great point. A lot of videos turn me off because the person umms and uhhs all the time, or uses a robot voice. Once I get started on my vids, I hope my experience as an actor, politician and lecturer will allow me to convey info in the same professional manner.
It's just a shame you can't pronounce compost properly, that grates on any non-Yank English speaker.
You are such a great educator, you really are. Not everyone can teach. Thank you.
I came for the compost tutorial but stayed for the eyebrows
Right?!
SMH. 🤨 Like the tutorial 👍
his compost is so powerful that whenever he wiped the sweat off his brow...
Laura Diaz you are wicked Laura, lol.
Ikr ?? Some serious eyebrows there .
Very, very good. Your approach is clear, focused, and thorough which, these days, is rare. Great job!
I luv that the chickens put their 2 cents in to all the great advise
I got my compost to 160°F today for the first time. It took me about 2 weeks of playing around with it to get it to heat that hot. But once I got the mix right, it got there in 2 days.
After this temperature in how many days your compost get ready?
Thank you for such a detailed, educational video
Great information on composting. I have a backyard compost pile that I can now improve. Thanks!
Love that, good luck on your pile, you'll learn something new from each pile you create :)
These are really good points. I like the way you broke down the different options to balance the N:C ratios. A lot of people in the suburbs don't have access to manures and other really high N materials, and have to use what's in their yard. For this, a 2:1 or even 3:1 ratio of grass clippings to shredded leaves will give you that really hot, supercharged pile that needs to be turned every 2 1/2 days and will maintain the 130-160 degree temps. 2:1 in the hot summer, and 3:1 in the fall.
Thank you for making the excellent video. It is very helpful.
best videos, i can go through you channel and find answers for specific questions its the best way!!!!
Love that! Ton more to come ;)
Thanks. Youre going to be very popular as more people move to cities yet want to farm on the side. Lots of great info.
We're starting our own mini farm this summer. Your videos are BOMB. You've been answering all my questions so far! So thank you!
Thanks so much glad my videos have been helpful!
Was searching for this today. I’m subbed to very few gardening channels so this was great timing.
Perfect timing then :) hope it's really helpful to you!
Very comprehensive! Answered my questions as I had them...
Explanation is very clear. Great !
Thanks men for video
Excellent video. I’m so envious how hot your pile got and so quickly too.
It's all about the layering the pile with the correct ratios and moisture and then bokashi takes it to the next level ;) keep practicing you will get it!
Interesting great video...we use to make our compost piles like that, now I came up with a MUCH easier way, ** NO TURNING ** so easy, less work. thanks for the video.
Ya it is more work, but there's no better way to build a pile to display the C/N ratios, moisture, and the visual breakdown of the pile all while showing how to analyze a pile step by step understanding aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Buying local compost is the best way to do it as an urban farmer. $30-$35/yard is much cheaper than the time.
Thanks for the reply! Robbie and Gary
So interesting is the conversation that even out of focus I keep listening.
Love your channel! Very helpful! Thanks for sharing!
Thank you! This was very helpful.
Thank you for all the information on composting. You answered my question on powdery gray fungus in my compost. I need to turn it more often and add more moisture. My compost got to 130 and stopped. Thanks again.
Great video! Learned so much
Cool guy. Thanks for posting.
The way you’re describing the watering sounds exactly like a houseplant and I think that’s pretty cool
Awesome information as usual!
Thank you for this great video and Information.
Just FYI, and this is a compliment, my wife would love your eyebrows....they are , how shall I say it, huge! But love your content.
Great technique and tips. I follow something similar, but also include a layer of twigs and small branches at the bottom to improve air circulation.
Ben Bradey interesting. Makes sense. I will certainly try the sticks and twigs at bottom of the pile.
For piles up to 6' high, alter 3-5" layers of up to 1" branches cut to 10" lengths every foot or so. Aids air flow vital to aerobic decomposition(anaerobic decomp stinks), and water distribution though pile. Water saturated piles decompose faster.
@@claudearmstrong9232 Interesting, I haven’t found that to be the case. If there’s too much water, I see a lot of caking and dead aerobic bacteria (the white stuff) caused by anaerobic bacteria taking over.
Thanks for the tip re comfrey. Will plant a patch in Spring.
What you said about practicing, amen! Been joyfully hot composting a lot of autumn leaves for three years; varying levels of success, but I love practicing! Its early November and I bounce out of bed each morning, looking at all those leaves awaiting me!
Cool job!
Great information and I love your style. Awesome video and got a subscriber!
Very helpful thx! & thx for links!!!
I fell in love with her eyes
Thank you 👍😉🇮🇪🍀
Great video, (one of the best I've seen), Thank you. If one doesn't have the grain, can yogurt be used to innoculate the (in house) compost bin?
Super informative! Thank you so much for this. Next time you start new pile you can add those shorts because they are halfway composted already :P
Good tips in this video. However I aim for "hot and cold" composting - some of the compost bin content gets hot and some stays cold. The worms migrate to the cold parts and work on decomposing those while the hot areas work on themselves. When I get bored I poke around and the hot and cold parts mingle and change. When I need some compost for the garden I move the top half of the compost bin onto a tarp, move the bottom half to wheelbarrow, and fill buckets of the partly done compost from the wheelbarrow until it is empty or until my job is complete. If I am making a new garden bed and there is not enough compost I use hugelkultur and fill the lower levels with twigs, branches, leaves, etc. I simply don't have the patience or time to do it all properly. My best magic ingredient is spent coffee grounds. My local cafe gives me bags of the stuff whenever I come by for coffee. A layer of spent coffee grounds topped by a layer of organic sugar cane mulch, wetted down, starts cooking quite quickly. I have so many bags of coffee I walk around the property tipping them over the bush mulch (wood chips) that also feed the garden. The garden smells for a day or two but after that there is no odour.
I definitely gotta turn my vermicompost, thanks
You can also use waste water from fish tanks when you clean the biological filters and vacuum the gravel from the tank which is full of valuable bacteria aerobic and anaerobic depending on what kind of filtration you're using and nitrogen, and other compounds that are useful for plants and composting . It also helps to kick start the process of composting . I've been using fish tank waste water for my plants for over 30 years and the results have been awesome .
royalspin hi how do you know the water is safe I’m thinking about doing it
@@gabriellencarnacion3310 if you are not putting chemicals into your fish tank then as long as it's over 90 days it should be good to go. 90 is probably being overly cautious but safe than sorry. Also to clarify regular water. Dont put salt water In there
I dump some buckets of water from the ducks pool
Nice presentation
Over the years my hot composting developed into no-turn one heat-period process. Essentially the pile begins with 4 to 8 inches of branches in the ground layer. I keep the woody diameter 1/2 to 1 inch. Then about 4 - 6 inches of brown, then 2 inches of green. The fourth layer is 2 - 4 inches of the branches, covered by the brown then green. I pack these together by jumping and packing at about the half way point, approx. 3 feet high. I soak the pile here as the water aids compaction. Adding layers on up to 5 - 6 feet high then jumping on the top to compact the pile, then soaking it thoroughly, I top it with 2 - 3 inches of sand, finished compost, dirt, or any fine material that slows air movement up through the bottom layer of branches. The maximum width I find is four to five feet, or approx. 2 feet from the sides to the center.
When I add fresh grass from a healthy lawn the pile heats by the fifth day, then continues to increase up to too hot to hold my hand in the pile.
At the cooled pile I use a horse bedding fork to shake out the fine material and return branches that need further breakdown to the next ground layer and up the pile. The pile never develops the anaerobic state. It has a woodsy, fresh earth sweetness.
At the point of cooldown the material is fully ready to plant.
Been doing this 40 years.
Nice Claude that sounds like a great method thanks for sharing.
@@NaturesAlwaysRight O kinda envy you for stepping up to the task of providing workable nutrient dense gardening everone can do. Thank you"-)
Rather than my yt channel I find those who are here and share my bit. You are the real hero. Take heart and be sure you make life better for all.
I plan on doing something similar. I find that branches at the bottom and in the middle of the pile give the pile structure and support so that it doesn't collapse in on itself which would restrict oxygen.
I'm also going to dome the top of the pile and enclose the entire pile in its own greenhouse, run 4" inch aluminum flex tubing through it and use the tubing as a convection heat collector so that I can heat my winter crops that will be growing in the greenhouse next to my compost pile.
I'm not sure but I may even collect the heat that rises to the top of the compost pile and gets trapped in the dome. Do you think this would be a good idea or would the heated air from collected from the top be too moist or contain harmful gases for my garden greenhouse?
stephencarlsbad there’s multiple videos showing how people use compost to heat there green house with good results I was just watching some last few days it can even add co2 for your plants good luck.
@@stephencarlsbad I was thinking of doing something similar but was thinking of making a 4 ft brick lined pit under the floor of my greenhouse but was also worried about harmful pathogens
Great!
For those hat dont have enough material to make a 4 foot pile here is how I do it. I dry sycamore leaves so they are still green when dried and add saves bags of crushed dried brown leaves. I hand crush the leaves. They crush easily during hot weather not so well in November . Then I soak them in a trash can with household ammonia added. See "drunken composting " video on a other channel. Then I put the drained leaves in a barrel and it is hot too hot to touch over 2 sec. By the following day, say 6 inches from the top and 14 inches from the bottom. I'm thinking about dumping it out on the ground . I dont think it has to be 3 to four feet tall since it only gets hot in the middle I turn the pile every day. Mainly I am retired and bored and want to verify the heating process
If you can get your hands on rice hulls they help with adding air to your pile and break down into silica witch your plants will love you for. Great video. Love the brows
Great suggestion rice hull is fantastic, but I'm trying to avoid extra cost and not buying in extra inputs.
Anyway you can find rice hulls from horse poop.. People use it for that here i am. If not its 15 bucks for 4 cubic feet hardly expensive at all.
No need to spend money or complicate things. Just throw your stuff into a big pile pour water on it and cover it. If it doesn't heat enough add grass clippings in layers as you turn for the first time. It's that simple.
Today I have discovered the farming side of TH-cam. I am now roughly 9 hours into watching farming content.
Thanks for the informative video. When you turn the pile, is it important to maintain the layers? Or are you striving to mix the carbon and nitrogen layers.
Got a lot of buddies
It's like learning how to start a fire, takes LOTS of practice. I see someone at 6:18!
Very interesting video, Steven, I want to ask you this how do you get temperature higher in order to beak up the fresh straw quickly without the greens in large quantities .
Thank you in advance
Love the chickens. lol
I only have a 30 foot raised bed garden and 50 feet of blackberries to work with so most of this amazing info will be over kill for me.
Here in Arizona the summers get up to 120 degrees outside. I bet my compost 4 foot garbage bin will naturally get up to 160 without any effort during the summer. I'm excited to check it out this summer with a thermometer. My compost clearly is a cold one since I didn't know what I was doing. Any idea how long cold compost take to break down food scraps and leaves?
great vid! every time you turn the pile can you add more nitrogen or carbon?
I've been working on a smaller pile in my glasshouse. Because last years plants had a nitrogen deficiency.
The pile is small but I've wet it with worm juice and turned it every day.
The grass has yellowed and formed chunks of soil. And worms have moved in to the pile. That's from 1 week.
I just love your tee shirt. Where can I find one like yours? Thanks
If you want to maximize the oxygen content and oxygen penetration in your compost pile then avoid using brown materials that flatten out and tend to mat when wetted. This will allow you to compost without turning often if at all.
Can you talk about, or do you have a video about, your chicken run? I'm finishing off my run, but wondering if I should cover the run with hay or straw or leave it as bare soil?
Very interesting video, Steven, thank you. Just wondering : Would it be wise to put or build the pile on top of a square metre pallet, perhaps with a square foot hole in the middle, both to allow more air in from underneath via its slats and to allow direct contact with the soil beneath in the middle hole for the worms and microbes to crawl up?
It is more likely to get anaerobic or at least lacking air in the lower layers, yes?
If one then builds a Compost Bin of four pallets ON TOP of the ground pallet, like a 5-pallet cube except no top pallet, then air can get in the space underneath the Compost Bin and aerate the pile from below upwards, right? With some turning over to raise the temperature more evenly.
One excellent idea I picked up from you is the burlap cover. Hmm! Your links are so useful. Very good. Love the cat making a cameo there in 17:10 lol. Agape. Andrew.
(PS Part 2 to watch now lol)
Would it be a good idea to ad some of that bokashi starter to the blue barrels if you’re not ready to start your compost pile yet?
We use wood shavings in our chicken coop instead of straw. Would the wood shavings work the same way in the compost pile?
Growing up, my dad had a compost pile. He literally just tossed the grass clippings and the dog shit and left it. I guess it worked because some of the grass would have become "browns" when sitting on the pile. He also wasn't in a hurry. He just tossed the grass there when he mowed the lawn and the shit when he picked up the dog shit.
You can totally do it that way, set it and forget it. But this is how you do it in 8 weeks, more professionally and better quality at the end.
@@NaturesAlwaysRight Yeah, I saw that in another video you mention it's more cost effective to do set it and forget it compost because it's only $35 I think you said per yard.
How long should I start this process before winter of using to heat my greenhouse
Does Orchard and Timothy hay work well as browns for composting?
Can you compost when the weather is cold? 40-50 degrees F? Thank you for all the information you share!
Yes absolutely. You're welcome :)
Can u switch Bokashi to something like 'Yakult' drinks?
It's a good sign obviously, but I really want Part 2 more than this one. Great stuff tho man. I'm straight up just composting for the next spring. I don;t have any beds going right now. Thanks for sharing your knowledge! I'm going to be upping my compost from 2 4x4 bins, to (4) 4x4 Bins. Any other tips will be helpful to maintenance!
Part 2 coming out tomorrow afternoon :) Nice build up some good soil, that will crank out a lot!
Part 2 :) th-cam.com/video/nlN0QGgbmSA/w-d-xo.html
I use insulation panels on the top and upper 30 cm layer sides. I add the mixed ingredients 30cm every three days until It is 150cm high. I use sieved wood chip less than 0.5cm , .finely chopped leaves
coffee grounds , drowned weeds, grass ,comfrey ,urine. Weeds placed towards centre . Heat from layer underneath initiates fermentation. Pull up layer before adding new layer. Also move up side insulation panels.I repeat the process once more into new heap adding some new nitrogen source. Leave for 6 months.
Concerning organic decomposition, there are two major ways of process : direct or indirect to my opinion ; related to anaerobic or aerobic (some times aero-anaerobic mixed situations) conditions. The direct pathway, is a metabolic degradation through fermentation : this process is mostly the anaerobic fermentation by unicellular micro-organisms (like yeast and/or bacteria) ; producing generally waste gas (ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide,etc) lost in the atmosphere, through a process giving end-products (alcohols, diluted acids like butyrates, lactates, acetates, etc. ) and heat. This process is used in silaging by farmers, lacto-fermented canned food, brewing fermented grains, gas production in bio-digester, etc. Fermentation in an open system is thus wasting raw energy. These composts are "hot" process composting.
On another hand, indirect pathway is a metabolic degradation through digestion mostly performed by invertabrates, insects (like worms, woodlouse, slugs, springtails, cetonia larvae, etc. ) that create feces. Worm compost is for instance worm poo. This process is aerobic or slightly aero-anaerobic and expenses far less raw energy converted in heat or waste gas ; but it needs more time to cary out. These composts are "cold" process composting. Another difference between these 2 processes, lies on the fact that the metabolic (enzymatic) reactions are performed inside or outside living organisms. That's why the more soggy the substratum gets, the more you get a fermentation vessel (incubator).
Fungi are also very usefull to break down dead/weak/ill plants raw organic matter (wood) preparing the field for other organisms, cooperating with them (rhizosphere) or being eaten by them. Most fungi are aerobic/aero-anaerobic organisms destroyed by heat.
On another hand, heat is impotant to destroy pathogenic agents inside a substrate.
Therefore making compost is still a complex situation and difficult to summarize globally ; depending on lots of factors. It's not like a recipe, where every ingredients and each elements are mastered in an accurate process...
this seems much more complicated and involved than what I've done. I just threw some veggie/fruit scraps on the ground and piled on some wet, dead leaves.
The better managed the faster you can get it to break down and have a better quality product at the end.
you could have it completed in 18 to 27 days doing it the way he is describing. depending on what your carbon is. wood chips that are 1" or bigger will take longer. Plus getting it up over 140 for 2 days straight is required to be considered organic compost, to kill pathogens, weed seeds etc.
If your pile goes anaerobic, you can potentially get some pretty nasty microbes in your compost, or worse, alcohols and organic acids that will kill any plants they touch if they arent diluted down. That is why some people get screwed taking city compost, it went anaerobic or didnt hit the heat targets, and they are putting some pretty nasty stuff in their beds.
can I do this on the tarp? or will the tarp burn?
Just pulverized the wood in the same way that Jean Pain pulverized it and wet it thoroughly the way Jean Pain wet it and pile it in the same Jean Pain piled it up to create the original appropriate mound shaped compost fermentation pile that produces both heat and biogas methane and any modifications done must be based on the Jean Pain method by just additing into it without losing the original Jean Pain results.
Do you water them again every time you turn it?
The hen was like: "Shut the f*ck up!!!........Shut the f*ck up already!"
Lactobacillus. What about adding some of the leftover brine from fermented pickles and sauerkraut. Except the salt???
Would alfalfa meal or pellets work like Bokashi?
Im fighting to keep the temperature down to 160 on my pile, it keeps climbing up to 165 like it is mocking me each time I try to cool it back down.
Bragging: I routinely hit 160 in a much smaller backyard, and smaller compost pile!
If this is my first pile, what do I use instead of innoculent
Question???? Watching and researching a lot about compost. I’ve started my own for my backyard garden. However, I’ve gotten a little confused on what I can and cannot add. I have a California Laurel Tree that I’m trimming and chipping for mulch. I haven’t added to my garden or compost yet because I read somewhere that some trees can release allopathic properties during decomposition. These properties can damage other plant life. Please help, some say that this tree is beneficial to habitats and many wild animals feed off of it and then some say it is poisonous. Please help😰 so much conflicting info. Can I mulch/chip down or compost any tree or brush. Or are there some that should be avoided. 🤦♀️Anyone who could answer this I would greatly appreciate. Thank you
Since it is best when starting a compost pile to add all the materials at once, how do you store 1) grass clippings and 2) Kitchen waste until you have all your materials gathered?
You don't need fancy grains. I put left over pilsner grain/malt from my homebrew and it went off like a rocket.
Have u ever considered using kelp from the beach for your pile?
I have but just never took the time to try it out. I guess I also worry about pollution and fukishima radiation as well. But I use kelp meal so why not use the resource close by. I'll think about it more.
At what Temp does it flare up and burn down the homestead?
I'm confused. some people recommend putting the compost bin/pile in the sun, to heat up faster, you say to put it in the shade...
During the summer grass clippings are the most common materials... Can I have a dry pile and mix it with fresh grass clippings and make it work with your 60% 30% and 10% manures?
Grass clippings are a great high nitrogen. Yes, dried out brown grass is considered a brown at that point. Happy composting!
Nature's Always Right thx
I just have a bucket on my apartment balcony. It's cold but working
Would privet trimmings count as green or brown? I would like to compost them right when I'm done trimming. I have a long privet hedge row.
Those would be greens, just make sure it's mostly the leaves. Twigs take too long to break down.
My biggest challenge is having greens and browns at the same time of the year.
My current compost pile is 4X4 started as wood chips, chicken manure and soil and pine shaving. It’s getting close I’ll be turning and watering again today. Before starting the last pile composted in about 3 months. Do you think current pile will be ready soon? I do turn and wet weekly and keep covered with a brown tarp
Don’t expect an answer, I’m was just thinking out loud. Lol. I ask some stupid question like I’m on the East Coast and you’re thinking, How the Heck do I know?
Best compost advice I ever got was don't get so anal about it. In nature it all breaks down eventually. Sure you can babysit the pile and spend sleepless nights obsessing about it but most people have better things to do.
Can u explain the compost tracker spreadsheet? Can u track moisture content, not just temperatures? 😊
Sure I'll shoot a little video about it this week. I know it is probably a little confusing. I usually put moisture info if I need to in the notes column. I don't have a measuring tool for moisture.
We are generally rold to use 2 parts green to 1 part brown material. Here you make the opposite: 60% brown to 40% green. Why is it ?
Is rabbit manure a viable alternative to chicken manure as I have an abundance of it!
I saw one of your vids explaining bochasi. Could you add a link where we can find this?
I haven't made an in depth video about it yet :/ hopefully soon! I'm not sure where else I've talked about it much more other than this video.
I've been an organic gardener since the early 60s. No need to BUY anything for composting!
to have the right amount of water in your browns, soak them from morning to night and let drain overnight. next morning they´re perfect
Do you user 100% compost to your garden without other kind of fertilizers?
Hi can I use pig manure to the compost and if so does it need to be aged, how long? Thanks Sue
boxesfarm fresh is best will compost even faster if you can get urine soaked hay