Why is youtube always seemingly trying to fuck over the little guy? They're so goddamn greedy and their arbitrary rulings make no sense half the time. Hope you get your owed money, my dude.
When is the next part scheduled to come out, i'd like to know for my country is mentioned at the absolute bottom of the iceberg. Plus it's also nice to see foreigners talk about the Giants' Churches, for we don't nearly note them enough.
Please don't just skip to the bottom, this video was amazing and it would be a shame if you ended up not covering so many of these interesting civilizations.
I know how unis go, especially if you're planning on studying history. Even if you won't make any more videos, I just wanted to tell you that you left a chunk of good quality content behind 👍
In west Java part of Indonesia, we also have some forgotten kingdoms such as the Kingdom of Kendan (precursor to Galuh), Saung Agung of Purwakarta, Tapak Agung of Garut if not mistaken. Not a lot of people here knows a lot about these, even most of the Sundaneese people today never even heard about these kingdoms history from their elders...
There's so many cultures just completely lost to history apart from specific artifacts and graves. Any culture that never developed writing and made their structures out of earthworks and wood is almost certainly a large mystery in modern times. For the longest time we thought that Bronze Age Northern and Central Europe was just thinly populated wilderness with small settlements and villages spread across long distances. Then they discovered the Tollense valley battlefield, with the remains of thousands of warriors from across Europe, armed with metal weapons and clearly organized enough to assemble in such a large number. Now we know that apparently this place we once thought of as a remote corner of civilization might've been more organized and in contact with all the great Bronze Age cultures than we ever thought, and if we never found these remains we'd still never have known. How many other places across the world are still there, yet to be found, telling the lives of peoples long forgotten by humanity as a whole?
Because they don't exist lol. Its mostly just hoaxes or blown up chiefdom popularized by cultural leaders made during the 18-19th Century, just like how Salakanagara was made up by Cirebon court to make themselves more badass and had right to rule Java.
THE DORSET???? i have genuinely never ever seen another human being except for my father talk about these guys!! I am actually from where they live so its very cool to see these guys on the list!! My father has a very artifacts from the dorset people, i got suggested your page and definitely will be subscribing! The toltecs and mixtecs are very cool to see on this list aswell eeeek!!
@FlyingSillyGuys13 That is the wild thing about the Dorset, they are not closely related to modern inuit nor any other pre columbian group. They represent a now completely lost migration into the americas.
Wow, amazing content. Current historic channels either dumb down their content and spam memes to the point you get 0 info or overwhelm you with a lot of technical jargon and filler that you fall asleep. Your content is concise, energetic, funny without being annoying and interesting. Keep up the good work!
I really hope your at some point able to make a part two, maybe even three! I understand if college gets in the way, but the idea of someone talking about the chachapoya just really excites me as I find their culture to be fascinating and honestly something that should be brought up just as often as the Inca or maya
Some clarifications about the Mesoamerican stuff here, though you did a pretty good job already: There's been a fair amount of debate (which you allude to) about how much of what we call Olmec style artwork throughout Mesoamerica outside of the Olmec Heartland area (15:25) is actually a sign of Olmec political/military domination, demographic spread, trade, or simply the style being in vogue and other cultures and linguistic groups borrowing the art style and iconography. I'm admittedly not fully well read on the arguements involved, but my understanding is that most "Olmec" sites in the Valley of Mexico like Tlatilco or down in Oaxaca were probably the latter explanations rather then the former. This also extends to how much of a singular "mother' civilization they really were: My impression from keeping up with conferences and the literature (though moreso on other parts of Mesoamerica) is that it's increasingly the view that stuff like urbanism, rulership, perhaps practices like bloodletting etc were being developed simultaneously (especially in relation to the Maya of the time) from 1400-900ish BC, and the Olmec were just one of the more major groups doing it/their style is what became popular. In West Mexico for example, the Capacha were also doing innovations in ceramics which spread around quite a bit during the same period, though it's my understanding that West Mexico took longer to fully urbanize and form large political states. There's also some debate about if the so called Jaguar features of the sculptures and masks mentioned at 15:54 are actually feline features or not. Beyond that, some neat stuff to note is that the famous stone head sculptures are actually re-sculpted from another sculpture type (seen at 17:01) which may have acted as thrones for which were re-worked after they died. David S. Anderson has a great thread on this on tqweitter! The specific mask seen at 15:45 was also excavated from the Great Temple in Tenochtitlan (The Aztec capital), being one of the most extreme examples of the Aztec preforming excavations or otherwise acquiring goods from far off and older Mesoamerican civilizations (since Tenochtitlan was founded ~2000-2500+ years after the mask would have been made!), something they did extensively with Teotihuacano art (which I'll get to further down). My last clarification here is that it could be clearer that the Isthmian script was the same script used by the Epi-Olmec culture (the script is also just called Epi-Olmec), and that the 1400-400BC date range (as far as I know) would be including Epi-Olmec rather then just Olmec sites: the transition between the two cultures occurred earlier then 400BC. I have a LOT I could say on Teotihuacan, in fact I helped Ancient Americas do his 40 minute video on it (and even that was cut down a lot: We used to have a pinned comment up with extra info and links to extra but TH-cam randomly removed it, we'll get it back up at some point!): Firstly, Teotihuacan is way, way bigger then most people realize it is: Photos do not do it justice since much of it has been built over by modern towns or is covered in soil today: The main planned urban grid alone covers between 18 and 22 square kilometers depending on how you measure it, with the entire site area including suburbs covering 37 square kilometers. Even the maps from the Millon mapping project like at 33:45 and 33:52 don't fully capture how big it is, because each one of those "small" rectangles indicating a building are either massive temples or large palace/villa compounds which acted as apartment residences as the video says, each of which would have dozens or hundreds of rooms, big open air courtyards (like the art at 33:49 depicts of the Quetzalpapalotl compound's main courtyard), and contrary to what the video says, ALMOST ALL of those residences had the brillantly painted frescos seen in the video: In fact, almost all of the city's ~100,000 denizens (recent research has shifted it down a bit from the former 150k estimate, but 100k is still one of the world's largest cities at the time) would have lived in these compounds which were essentially akin to Roman villas or the palaces in other Mesoamerican cities. There were smaller residences with just a few rooms littered around the outskirts of the main urban grid, but these are literal 1-2 pixel sized dots on most uploads of the millon map, and goes to show just how big each building in the map you can easily see really are. In general, Teotihuacan had weird city planning: most Mesoamerican cities had temples and palace and ball courts and other fancy buildings organized for ritual alignment or community viewing around big plazas forming a dense planned urban core, and then suburbs interspersed with agricultural land radiating around that, in some cases for dozens or hundreds of kilometers: Teotihuacan instead has a huge core urban area covering more space then it's suburbs, with the urban zone adhering to a grid and organized around a big central road instead of plazas, plus the city has almost no ball courts or as mentioned in the video, depictions of rulers, etc: The city may have been a republic or a democracy due to that, the relatively egalitarian housing, etc: Some other Mesoamerican cities had more representative political models, like Tlaxcala or Monte Alban for part of it's history. To go on a bit of a tangent, in general, most structures in Mesoamerican made of stone for temples, palaces, and other stuff in or around urban cores or more elite areas of suburbs, basically the stuff other then small commoner homes (though as I said, Teotihuacan had most of it's commoners in fancy palaces anyways, and some early sites such as some Olmec ones or later poorer/rural towns used adobe even for their palaces and temples) would have been covered in smooth white stucco and then richly painted in murals, covered in sculptural facades like what's seen in 34:14 for the Feathered Serpent temple (though the paint is worn there), etc. Stuff only looks grey and worn and like cobblestone today due to erosion. So what you see in that photo, for the Quetzalpaplotl complex painting by Jorge Acosta , etc would have been more like what all the other pyramids and buildings seen in the video would have looked like. It's a shame TH-cam hates links or else I'd link to some 3d reconstructions or other painted ones, but David Romero and Anxo Miján Maroño with TRASANCOS 3d have some good rendered reconstructions, to name two examples, though the latter's doesn't have the exact locations correctly for some of the random compounds, and excludes some of the city's canalized rivers. On that note, like a lot of large Mesoamerican cities, Teotihuacan had some pretty sophisticated water management systems. As I said, multiple rivers were converted into channels or canals which were recoursed through the city's grid layout, and the Ciudadela complex in front of the Temple of the Feathered Serpent (which was also arranged to appear perpendicular to some of the rivers, as if they spewed out of the temple) may have even been able to flood it's plaza for rituals, like how the Roman Coliseum is claimed to be able to do so. Many residences had reservoirs, and plumbing systems and even toilets, though there's not a lot of firm conclusions about what the drains and channels in those residences were for exactly or if/how the toilets connected to them or some of the other water management systems. Speaking of things that are unclear, so to is it's military or political influence over other parts of Mesoamerica: Sort of like with the Olmec, certainly Teotihuacano style art and architecture spread very far, as far as Guatemala over a thousand kilometers away, but if that means Teotihuacan actually conquered (or especially administered, most Mesoamerican states didn't generally directly adminster their subject cities) those places is iffy, though it for sure conquered and somewhat oversaw other cities and kingdoms in Central Mexico. There are Maya inscriptions (and to be clear, Teotihuacan did have it's own writing system and inscriptions, shared with some other Classic period sites in Central Mexico, but there's not a lot of them and most are just calendrical dates, so even just if it's pictographic or logogram based etc is debated) which assert Teotihuacan conquered Maya cities and some researchers think they installed rulers on them, but other researchers disagree and the genetic evidence from remains of say Copan rulers seems negative. In any case, Teotihuacan definitely had sustained and regular contact with Maya cities as evidenced by the Teotihuacano goods in those sites and Maya goods in Teotihuacan (the city actually had ethnic neighborhoods, not just Maya ones but also Zapotec, Gulf Coast, and West Mexican communities) and what may be embassies for each other in both Tikal and Teotihuacan. As said in the video ,and as I alluded to earlier, the city still left a huge impact on Mesoamerica even after the city had a steep decline around 650AD (though it was never fully abandoned): The Aztec did not merely just work it into their creation myths as the site where the gods created the current, 5th version of the world, but the Mexica of Tenochtitlan specifically also adopted Teotihuacano style art, architectural, and some urban design conventions, including ones which hadn't before caught, on with other cultures, as a sort of "Teotihuacano revival style", and did excavations at Teotihuacan, bringing back artifacts back to Tenochtitlan, as well as refurnishing some shrines there, with kings doing pilgrimages there, something you see also with Cholula and Tula and other sites seen as important city centers which ties into the concept of a Toltec "Tollan" (which is a can of worms I'm NOT getting into here!) And that's ALMOST everything I want to say, but I didn't quite have enough space, so two small things in a reply below!
CONTINUED: So, the two last little things: The Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan may not actually be the second biggest pyramid in Mesoamerica after the Great Pyramid of Cholula: Depending on how you measure and estimate stuff or define what counts as one structure, the La Danta acropolis at El Mirador or the Tonina Acropolis may be up there (possibly even above Cholula) too: Both of those were about as tall or taller then the Cholula and Sun Pyramid, and are similarly very wide and voluminous, though exactly how big they are isn't consistently reported on. Other pyramids like some at Tikal, Tenochtitlan's Great Temple (or Tlatelolco's, which was apparently even bigger then Tenochtitlan's despite Tlatelolco essentially being a subject subcity/city quadrant of Tenochtitlan), the new Great Temple Cholula built after the aforementioned one was abandoned, etc would also be in the 75m-60m height range all the others are usually reported as being, though probably didn't have nearly as much mass/volume. Next, while the Andes isn't my area, it's my understanding that Tiwanku was less a large empire (like the Wari/Huari was) and more just a kingdom, though I'm admittedly not super clear on the technical specifics of that distinction (again, in say Mesoamerica, even the Aztec Empire was really more a network of states then a singular unified imperial regime)
@@thepharaohnerd7235 No problem, happy to share more info! I just hope I didn't come off as too pedantic or critical: I thought you did a good job overall. If you want another set of eyes on the script for future parts or additional images (I have a lot of good photos I've taken and artistic reconstructions I've collected), let me know! I messaged you on discaord
Oh my lord this is probably one of the greatest youtube channels ive ever stumbled across. just everything about this whole video is amazing, the intricacy, the comedic value, everything. This video is amazing
Incredible video. I’m a history student myself (heading into grad school on a path to a Ph.D), and while I mainly study 20th century American and Southeast Asian history, I’m a HUUUUGE lover of "forgotten" ancient civilizations. I know most of these on the iceberg, but please cover all of them I beg you (aaah!!! Dong Son civilization!!!). Fantastic work and good luck in university, it’s so cool seeing other people my age into this stuff.
as a die-hard history buff this video is SUPERB. really, really good video. thoroughly enjoyed watching, didn't know much about Mesoamerican civilizations. well done bro
This video is amazing! Your enthusiasm for the matter really shows on your voice. You could have done an entire series of shorter videos for each layer, but at least we won't have to wait too much until you cover them all. Hope I get to watch the next one, and good luck with uni and Patreon!
10:50 I’m half welsh on my mothers side and from a Scottish family on my dad’s side, so I feel this. My cousin is fluent in welsh and proud of it, and I’ve tried to learn it but just can’t handle languages. I have been learning some traditional Scottish weaving techniques, I’ve woven one of my family tartans from welsh wool! There’s been a pretty significant push to preserve Celtic languages and traditions in the U.K. recently, welsh and Gaelic languages are taught in many schools in wales, Ireland and Scotland whereas before they were heavily suppressed
That's so cool! Super unfortunate that welsh and gaelic were suppressed in schools :( I'm indigenous American and our language was also almost stolen from us. My tribe opened a college in the 2010s though and are teaching our language!
@@stinky-smelly I’ve tried learning welsh but I can’t get the throaty letters and generally I’m terrible at languages so I’ve had to stick to learning about our mythology, history and culture! It’s awesome that you’re teaching your language again! Languages are so fascinating and when you lose a language, you lose that culture
I recommend you the channel cambrian chronicles if you want to learn more about Welsh history:) the owner of the channel is a welsh historian and has done a lot of good work in the past few years to combat misinformation about wales history online
17:28 Actually, the Hittites mentioned in the Bible are likely not the same as civilization called by that name. A lot of early middle eastern archaeology was motivated by a desire to prove that the Bible was based in real life, so when people realized that there was this great civilization in the upper Near East, they were ascribed the name of Hittites. While it is true that the Hittite Empire was based out of Hatti, they did not call themselves Hittites. Rather, they called themselves the people of Nesa, Nesa being their previous center before conquering Hatti from the civilization that founded it, the Hattians. And since the Biblical Hittites are always mentioned in context with Canaan, and both Hattic and Hittite civilization was much further to the north, it’s unlikely that the Biblical Hittites are what we call by convention “Hittites.”
@@labeilleautiste6318 No, at least not the Biblical people called by that name. For all we know they *might* have been an offshoot, much like how the Amorites living in Canaan were just a part of the greater Amorite peoples that lived across the Middle East, but we just don’t know. We have nothing left behind by the Biblical Hittites to study them with, and the few times Hittite individuals are named in the Bible they have Semitic-sounding names, which would be odd considering that the Nesa People (which we call the Hittites by convention) were speakers of an early Indo-European language.
That kinda doesn't surprise me. There's a few cultures that have gone missing or unaccounted for, and then seemingly reappeared, although it's never entirely clear if the reappearance is just a completely separate culture that has a lot in common with said missing culture, because of similarities in their environment.
When I saw Teotihuacán and Purépecha (Tarascan is not their name) I was so excited to see them along with many other pre-Colombian civilizations. Purépecha are my ancestors (moms side) of the family so it really makes me happy.
this is an excellent video, as someone who studies history but isn't a scholar i really appreciate the way you went about this, both interesting for those with existing knowledge and educational for anyone first jumping in! really sucks that you aren't getting paid for all of this work, youtube pays tons of content farms but ignores valuable, human-made content like this just because you posted AI videos in the past... i'm not able to donate now, but sending good will your way and hoping a long comment will help get this out in the algorithm! 🙏🏼
45:20 Don't be stingy, now... Fantastic video, I'm really impressed w/ the content man.. There's some other "iceberg" centered channels popping up w/ content that doesn't seem to have the same heart or soul yours does... And consequently they seem to be able to put out 40 minute videos twice a week.. But you can tell they're reading ChatGPT.. They didn't write their own script. They never proofread it. They don't do extra vocal takes... It's just to say I know how much work can go into a video, and also how LITTLE work can go into a video sometimes.... This is very much the former and you should be very proud of the content you've clearly worked hard on. And thank you for that, really.
I just realized I've seen all of your most popular videos at complete random and never realized they were made by the same channel. Keep up the great work 👍 (SpongeBob as an 80's Dark Fantasy was my favorite)
Can’t believe bro suggested skipping around the video. Idk if it takes a couple days, I listen to these videos from start to end and learn stuff all the way through!
Why is nobody talking about the Nazca art are you kidding me??? How have i never heard about this, i've never seen such cool stylised, clean linear art from an ancient civilization oh my goddd i gotta go reasearch it more..
As a Peruvian I tend to forget that our ancient cultures are probably unknown for the rest of the world. As we are taught about them since we're kids, I just assume it's general knowledge. Nazca, Paracas, Wari, Chavin, Chimu, that's basically our history class
Agreed, I was enjoying the video but the mic quality is pretty poor, so you have to turn up the volume, only to get walloped with some 2008 era screamer sounds. I was out after the Hittites jump scare.
I went to Mesa Verde national park last summer in Colorado to see some of the Ancestral Pueblo structures and they were so beautiful. I knew I loved archaeology before then but that was one of my first times being up close to actual relics of the past. It was amazing.
i went to one of the cliff dwelling sites in mesa verde colorado. I got to go down into one of the kivas there. It was amazing. We learned how there was lots of tooth erosion bc they ground down their maize with stone that got into it as a fine powder and wore their teeth down over time.
this is like "history of MOST ancient civilizations, i guess" and i love it The short/not so short intro to each of them puts a seed of curiosity into your mind that MAY bare fruits of knowledge if you dare to research about them
As someone that lives very close to Cucuteni (the town), I'd looove to see you cover Cucuteni-Trypillia culture! The ancient Dacians would be cool too, but I'm not sure if they classify as obscure enough !
11:46 Urban myth. When colonialism was full on the way some sailors arrived there and fought the natives. After they left, a disease had wiped out almost all of them. When an American fleet arrived there they chopped down the trees to use the wooden planks to rebuild their ships. To add salt to the wound, some Spanish settlers thought the land was uninhabited and so they started grazing it for sheep, the sheep ate most of the vegetation and when a small group of what was left of the natives resisted, the Spanish enslaved them. That’s how Easter Island ended NOT because they cut down all their trees, that’s a propagated theory by Western Academia and it’s quite sad most people ignore what really happened to the people there.
really interesting video, enjoyed it 10/10 also off topic, but your voice sounds like a combination of Wendigoon and moistcr1tikal :D pretty neat combo if you ask me.
I really enjoyed most of the video, but brother PLEASE, I am begging you, work on your audio. You about gave me several strokes, at couple of heart attacks, an aneurism, 3 new hemorrhoids, Ebola, and erectile dysfunction. Just level out those sound effects and you'll be pure gold. I wasn't even wearing headphones or trying to sleep, thank god. I was just working on some tasks for work and then I thought an anime battle was going to begin inside my grey matter as soon as I pulled myself off of the ceiling like I was a cat that had just seen a stack of giant cucumbers. Good luck in school. I hope you don't take tests or write papers like you balance audio. I joke, you're going to do awesome and I'm sure we call can't wait to hear about you killing it. You know, as long as I'm not hospitalized as a vegetable because of your unrelenting audio assaults.
It should also be noted that it is known that there were great houses that even dwarfed Pueblo Bonito, that are confirmed to have existed by both Spanish records and native oral histories, but that were disassembled so that the materials could be used in new building projects in the 1600s. Little to no physical evidence remains of their existence. It’s pretty sad.
the very short Hittite joke at 17:25 was more than enough to remind me to give a like. Amazing video! just wish some parts were not so loud, they kinda hurt my ears
Very fascinating and awesome video!! Surprised by some that I knew about. But I'm most interested in learning about the ancient civilizations that we don't know at all. I've heard of The Indus Valley Civilization, Gobleki Tepi, Teotihucuan, Canaan, Nubia, etc. But the rest, no idea lol. Also being from Arizona, born and raised, I find it awesome and cool that ancient Anasazi tribe once inhabited areas here. I gotta visit those sites at some point in my life!
I visited Mesa Verde in my early 20s and it genuinely changed my life. I'd always thought of Native Americans as fairly primitive, either the "noble savage" types or warlike scalping types. Walking around houses built into the side of a cliff was absolutely mind-blowing, and it completely changed my perspective on Native Americans. From there I began looking more into pre-Columbian history, learning about places like Cahokia and its extensive trade network, and it sparked my love of ancient history in general. To any parents who may read this: if you want to go on vacations, don't waste your time and money on theme parks, take your kids to national parks instead.
37:50 Interesting note, my ancestors that inhabited Chaco use to drink ‘hot cocoa.’ Albeit, probably the most bitter chocolate you’d ever had as there was no sugar or milk. The chocolate used to be traded with our decedents of the Central and South American region, ku’yah’buh u’wak. This translation can loosely mean “our babies of the south.”
“Anasazi” is not the correct term for those people, it is Ancestral Puebloan these people were my ancestors, the Pueblo people are still alive and thriving with 19 unique Pueblos across New Mexico
There are no direct descendants of the ancestral pueblo, the same goes for the hohokam. The term anasazi also could be translated differently from ancient enemy, it can also stand for strong warriors. I mean, i dont think its necessarily offensive to today's peoples since nobody is even a direct ancestor of them. Edit: the Pueblo tribe is a completely seperate and more modern tribe to appear alongside the navajo and yavapai in arizona
Great video, can't wait to start Part 2! One slight pronunciation correction: When you mention the Anasazi/Hohokam/Mogollon, "Mogollon" is pronounced "MO-gee-yon." There's some geographical features named after them in AZ/NM, but unless you live in those states you probably never hear the word.
CIV 6 should be used in history lessons to teach children basic history in a fun way. Civ really upped my knowledge of many civilisations that fly under the radar
This is a great iceberg and video. Hopefully TH-cam will see sense and remonetize your channel - we all need more high quality history content. Good luck with University.
Just a correction on the Rapa Nui. I understand that most people believe the "they chopped their own trees and caused their own demise" approach, after all that's what is taught at schools most of the time. However, that's far from the reason of their downfall (guess what, europeans had A LOT to do with it). User NORTH 02 has a great video on it, highly recommended.
31:14 fun fact descendants and native ppl from the area are restoring the city with help of archeologists - mainly the intricate water canals and cisterns so the water stop damaging the buildings further and can be preserved for future generations
I KNOW MOST OF THE LIST OMG YOU BOOSTED MY CONFIDENCE A LOT Still there are many I don't know about, i'm glad you made these. Like wtf are the vettones? idk i'm soon gonna find out.
At 25:00 there is no special reason to mention that the Israelites were a kind of Canaanite (broad term) ethnicity and for that matter they surely are 'Hyksos' ethnicity too. This all squares with the 'bible of archeology' which is...well.. the bible. The Hebrews make no mistake about who they were as what we can call the 'Proto-Israelites'. They give long boring genealogy explaining who was this and that and what cousins formed what tribes and what their other cousins became and so on.
Incredible video!! Out of all of the iceberg's entries, covered in part 1 and the ones to-be covered, here are the ones that I knew of before this video: Carthage Phoenicians Assyria Rapa Nui/Easter Island Minoans Neolithic British Isles La Tene (Celts) Mycenaean Greeks Ertuscans Olmecs Nubia Scythia Indus River Valley Civilization Canaanites Teotihuacan Lydia Axum Empire Ansaza/Acenstral Puebloans Toltecs S. Arabia Brittany York Norte Chico Neo-Hitties Varna Castro N. China Tonga's Polynesian empire Finnish Giant's Church Senegambian Stone Circles Palau
I do have a bit on criticism of the iceberg itself, since for some reason it labels Tonga as being unknown, despite Tu'i Tonga (def not Tu'i Manu'a) being a bit well known. Also some about Rapa Nui (Easter Island), regarding the Mo'ai and rongorongo; rongorongo for example is very controversial whether it is a true writing system or not, since writing more-or-less has only been developed independently around 4-5 times depending on how you count Indus Script. Nowadays rongorongo is assumed to be a form of proto-writing and not true writing, and was memorised text to text by priests, and so could not be read phonetically. If you were a priest and able to read one text, you couldn't read the other for example as you had no context for what it was. Mo'ai are generally understood to be made in the image or spirit of their ancestors, a common thing among Polynesian cultures.
Also, as side note I think I should suggest a bottom ice-berg one as well! Papua. Papua has had many civilisations and countries throughout it's history that many people outside (and even inside) Papua have never heard about or know out! Also Pohnpei while I am at it, they even had their own kingdom (by western standards) and their own city called Nan Madol, a feat which often contradicts the notion that pre-European oceania was tribal by westerners.
for anyone out there If you like this subject matter and just how ingenious humanity is in surviving and thriving in various environments and places i would suggest the ancient americas channel which is one of the hands down best history YT channels i have found.
It’s so nice to watch a video about ancient empires that isn’t full of misinformation or white supremacist rhetoric, done by someone who has a real passion for the history
Ha! excellent commentary! I be followin ya every step! I know my shite, and ya be doin good by sweepin over the details and gettin into the balls of the matter! Love it! My speed for someone who knows the inbetweens! Nice job! ;)
Patreon Link: www.patreon.com/ThePharaohNerd
can you please do the melanesians? they're a pretty underrated civilization and they're gonna be your type of civilization to learn about
Why is youtube always seemingly trying to fuck over the little guy? They're so goddamn greedy and their arbitrary rulings make no sense half the time. Hope you get your owed money, my dude.
@@jayl5032 agreed a youtuber like this needs the money he deserves
If it doesn't work out, make another account. Fuck yt.
When is the next part scheduled to come out, i'd like to know for my country is mentioned at the absolute bottom of the iceberg. Plus it's also nice to see foreigners talk about the Giants' Churches, for we don't nearly note them enough.
Please don't just skip to the bottom, this video was amazing and it would be a shame if you ended up not covering so many of these interesting civilizations.
Now I am, and it's on purpose bucko
PLEASE DON'T SKIP THE MIDDLE OF THE CHART!!
THIS WAS LEGITIMATELY INCREDIBLY INTERESTING AND I DON'T WANNA MISS OUT
I know how unis go, especially if you're planning on studying history. Even if you won't make any more videos, I just wanted to tell you that you left a chunk of good quality content behind 👍
Thank you so much, I really appreciate you saying that
@@thepharaohnerd7235but you also did an amazing job at showing and explaining what you did show
@@binladen-ci7jm aw hell naw who let bro into the comment section 😭😭go watch ancient aliens bru 💀
@@binladen-ci7jm Not all universities are in America 😂
@@binladen-ci7jm Who would voluntarily go to American universities? 😂
The Etruscans did not base their language, writing or culture on Rome. Their writing system was later used by Rome. The Etruscans were there first.
They also had certain forms of language I believe no one could decipher for a very long time but could be misinfo
He said they were heavily influenced by Greek culture and alphabet and that their writing was the base of the Latin alphabet we use today.
Did I miss something? I'm pretty sure he said that?
Well, that checks out for Rome...
The mixing of the Latini and Etruscans basically gave birth to Rome
In west Java part of Indonesia, we also have some forgotten kingdoms such as the Kingdom of Kendan (precursor to Galuh), Saung Agung of Purwakarta, Tapak Agung of Garut if not mistaken.
Not a lot of people here knows a lot about these, even most of the Sundaneese people today never even heard about these kingdoms history from their elders...
Gunung Padang civ was their ancestor
There's so many cultures just completely lost to history apart from specific artifacts and graves. Any culture that never developed writing and made their structures out of earthworks and wood is almost certainly a large mystery in modern times. For the longest time we thought that Bronze Age Northern and Central Europe was just thinly populated wilderness with small settlements and villages spread across long distances. Then they discovered the Tollense valley battlefield, with the remains of thousands of warriors from across Europe, armed with metal weapons and clearly organized enough to assemble in such a large number. Now we know that apparently this place we once thought of as a remote corner of civilization might've been more organized and in contact with all the great Bronze Age cultures than we ever thought, and if we never found these remains we'd still never have known.
How many other places across the world are still there, yet to be found, telling the lives of peoples long forgotten by humanity as a whole?
I knew about this recently
Because they don't exist lol. Its mostly just hoaxes or blown up chiefdom popularized by cultural leaders made during the 18-19th Century, just like how Salakanagara was made up by Cirebon court to make themselves more badass and had right to rule Java.
@@ANJROTmaniaso ancient Chinese chronicles that confirm a distinct group existed there at different times were fabricated by the Europeans
THE DORSET???? i have genuinely never ever seen another human being except for my father talk about these guys!! I am actually from where they live so its very cool to see these guys on the list!! My father has a very artifacts from the dorset people, i got suggested your page and definitely will be subscribing! The toltecs and mixtecs are very cool to see on this list aswell eeeek!!
Look up ancient Americas on TH-cam he has a great video on the Dorset culture and many others on this list
Underrated fr
Yep check out ancient americas video on the dorset
@FlyingSillyGuys13 That is the wild thing about the Dorset, they are not closely related to modern inuit nor any other pre columbian group. They represent a now completely lost migration into the americas.
Wow, amazing content.
Current historic channels either dumb down their content and spam memes to the point you get 0 info or overwhelm you with a lot of technical jargon and filler that you fall asleep.
Your content is concise, energetic, funny without being annoying and interesting. Keep up the good work!
I really hope your at some point able to make a part two, maybe even three! I understand if college gets in the way, but the idea of someone talking about the chachapoya just really excites me as I find their culture to be fascinating and honestly something that should be brought up just as often as the Inca or maya
Some clarifications about the Mesoamerican stuff here, though you did a pretty good job already: There's been a fair amount of debate (which you allude to) about how much of what we call Olmec style artwork throughout Mesoamerica outside of the Olmec Heartland area (15:25) is actually a sign of Olmec political/military domination, demographic spread, trade, or simply the style being in vogue and other cultures and linguistic groups borrowing the art style and iconography. I'm admittedly not fully well read on the arguements involved, but my understanding is that most "Olmec" sites in the Valley of Mexico like Tlatilco or down in Oaxaca were probably the latter explanations rather then the former.
This also extends to how much of a singular "mother' civilization they really were: My impression from keeping up with conferences and the literature (though moreso on other parts of Mesoamerica) is that it's increasingly the view that stuff like urbanism, rulership, perhaps practices like bloodletting etc were being developed simultaneously (especially in relation to the Maya of the time) from 1400-900ish BC, and the Olmec were just one of the more major groups doing it/their style is what became popular. In West Mexico for example, the Capacha were also doing innovations in ceramics which spread around quite a bit during the same period, though it's my understanding that West Mexico took longer to fully urbanize and form large political states. There's also some debate about if the so called Jaguar features of the sculptures and masks mentioned at 15:54 are actually feline features or not.
Beyond that, some neat stuff to note is that the famous stone head sculptures are actually re-sculpted from another sculpture type (seen at 17:01) which may have acted as thrones for which were re-worked after they died. David S. Anderson has a great thread on this on tqweitter! The specific mask seen at 15:45 was also excavated from the Great Temple in Tenochtitlan (The Aztec capital), being one of the most extreme examples of the Aztec preforming excavations or otherwise acquiring goods from far off and older Mesoamerican civilizations (since Tenochtitlan was founded ~2000-2500+ years after the mask would have been made!), something they did extensively with Teotihuacano art (which I'll get to further down). My last clarification here is that it could be clearer that the Isthmian script was the same script used by the Epi-Olmec culture (the script is also just called Epi-Olmec), and that the 1400-400BC date range (as far as I know) would be including Epi-Olmec rather then just Olmec sites: the transition between the two cultures occurred earlier then 400BC.
I have a LOT I could say on Teotihuacan, in fact I helped Ancient Americas do his 40 minute video on it (and even that was cut down a lot: We used to have a pinned comment up with extra info and links to extra but TH-cam randomly removed it, we'll get it back up at some point!):
Firstly, Teotihuacan is way, way bigger then most people realize it is: Photos do not do it justice since much of it has been built over by modern towns or is covered in soil today: The main planned urban grid alone covers between 18 and 22 square kilometers depending on how you measure it, with the entire site area including suburbs covering 37 square kilometers. Even the maps from the Millon mapping project like at 33:45 and 33:52 don't fully capture how big it is, because each one of those "small" rectangles indicating a building are either massive temples or large palace/villa compounds which acted as apartment residences as the video says, each of which would have dozens or hundreds of rooms, big open air courtyards (like the art at 33:49 depicts of the Quetzalpapalotl compound's main courtyard), and contrary to what the video says, ALMOST ALL of those residences had the brillantly painted frescos seen in the video: In fact, almost all of the city's ~100,000 denizens (recent research has shifted it down a bit from the former 150k estimate, but 100k is still one of the world's largest cities at the time) would have lived in these compounds which were essentially akin to Roman villas or the palaces in other Mesoamerican cities. There were smaller residences with just a few rooms littered around the outskirts of the main urban grid, but these are literal 1-2 pixel sized dots on most uploads of the millon map, and goes to show just how big each building in the map you can easily see really are.
In general, Teotihuacan had weird city planning: most Mesoamerican cities had temples and palace and ball courts and other fancy buildings organized for ritual alignment or community viewing around big plazas forming a dense planned urban core, and then suburbs interspersed with agricultural land radiating around that, in some cases for dozens or hundreds of kilometers: Teotihuacan instead has a huge core urban area covering more space then it's suburbs, with the urban zone adhering to a grid and organized around a big central road instead of plazas, plus the city has almost no ball courts or as mentioned in the video, depictions of rulers, etc: The city may have been a republic or a democracy due to that, the relatively egalitarian housing, etc: Some other Mesoamerican cities had more representative political models, like Tlaxcala or Monte Alban for part of it's history.
To go on a bit of a tangent, in general, most structures in Mesoamerican made of stone for temples, palaces, and other stuff in or around urban cores or more elite areas of suburbs, basically the stuff other then small commoner homes (though as I said, Teotihuacan had most of it's commoners in fancy palaces anyways, and some early sites such as some Olmec ones or later poorer/rural towns used adobe even for their palaces and temples) would have been covered in smooth white stucco and then richly painted in murals, covered in sculptural facades like what's seen in 34:14 for the Feathered Serpent temple (though the paint is worn there), etc. Stuff only looks grey and worn and like cobblestone today due to erosion. So what you see in that photo, for the Quetzalpaplotl complex painting by Jorge Acosta , etc would have been more like what all the other pyramids and buildings seen in the video would have looked like. It's a shame TH-cam hates links or else I'd link to some 3d reconstructions or other painted ones, but David Romero and Anxo Miján Maroño with TRASANCOS 3d have some good rendered reconstructions, to name two examples, though the latter's doesn't have the exact locations correctly for some of the random compounds, and excludes some of the city's canalized rivers.
On that note, like a lot of large Mesoamerican cities, Teotihuacan had some pretty sophisticated water management systems. As I said, multiple rivers were converted into channels or canals which were recoursed through the city's grid layout, and the Ciudadela complex in front of the Temple of the Feathered Serpent (which was also arranged to appear perpendicular to some of the rivers, as if they spewed out of the temple) may have even been able to flood it's plaza for rituals, like how the Roman Coliseum is claimed to be able to do so. Many residences had reservoirs, and plumbing systems and even toilets, though there's not a lot of firm conclusions about what the drains and channels in those residences were for exactly or if/how the toilets connected to them or some of the other water management systems.
Speaking of things that are unclear, so to is it's military or political influence over other parts of Mesoamerica: Sort of like with the Olmec, certainly Teotihuacano style art and architecture spread very far, as far as Guatemala over a thousand kilometers away, but if that means Teotihuacan actually conquered (or especially administered, most Mesoamerican states didn't generally directly adminster their subject cities) those places is iffy, though it for sure conquered and somewhat oversaw other cities and kingdoms in Central Mexico. There are Maya inscriptions (and to be clear, Teotihuacan did have it's own writing system and inscriptions, shared with some other Classic period sites in Central Mexico, but there's not a lot of them and most are just calendrical dates, so even just if it's pictographic or logogram based etc is debated) which assert Teotihuacan conquered Maya cities and some researchers think they installed rulers on them, but other researchers disagree and the genetic evidence from remains of say Copan rulers seems negative. In any case, Teotihuacan definitely had sustained and regular contact with Maya cities as evidenced by the Teotihuacano goods in those sites and Maya goods in Teotihuacan (the city actually had ethnic neighborhoods, not just Maya ones but also Zapotec, Gulf Coast, and West Mexican communities) and what may be embassies for each other in both Tikal and Teotihuacan.
As said in the video ,and as I alluded to earlier, the city still left a huge impact on Mesoamerica even after the city had a steep decline around 650AD (though it was never fully abandoned): The Aztec did not merely just work it into their creation myths as the site where the gods created the current, 5th version of the world, but the Mexica of Tenochtitlan specifically also adopted Teotihuacano style art, architectural, and some urban design conventions, including ones which hadn't before caught, on with other cultures, as a sort of "Teotihuacano revival style", and did excavations at Teotihuacan, bringing back artifacts back to Tenochtitlan, as well as refurnishing some shrines there, with kings doing pilgrimages there, something you see also with Cholula and Tula and other sites seen as important city centers which ties into the concept of a Toltec "Tollan" (which is a can of worms I'm NOT getting into here!)
And that's ALMOST everything I want to say, but I didn't quite have enough space, so two small things in a reply below!
CONTINUED: So, the two last little things: The Pyramid of the Sun at Teotihuacan may not actually be the second biggest pyramid in Mesoamerica after the Great Pyramid of Cholula: Depending on how you measure and estimate stuff or define what counts as one structure, the La Danta acropolis at El Mirador or the Tonina Acropolis may be up there (possibly even above Cholula) too: Both of those were about as tall or taller then the Cholula and Sun Pyramid, and are similarly very wide and voluminous, though exactly how big they are isn't consistently reported on. Other pyramids like some at Tikal, Tenochtitlan's Great Temple (or Tlatelolco's, which was apparently even bigger then Tenochtitlan's despite Tlatelolco essentially being a subject subcity/city quadrant of Tenochtitlan), the new Great Temple Cholula built after the aforementioned one was abandoned, etc would also be in the 75m-60m height range all the others are usually reported as being, though probably didn't have nearly as much mass/volume.
Next, while the Andes isn't my area, it's my understanding that Tiwanku was less a large empire (like the Wari/Huari was) and more just a kingdom, though I'm admittedly not super clear on the technical specifics of that distinction (again, in say Mesoamerica, even the Aztec Empire was really more a network of states then a singular unified imperial regime)
I appreciate the time you took to give me all this new information, it was a very interesting read
@@thepharaohnerd7235 No problem, happy to share more info! I just hope I didn't come off as too pedantic or critical: I thought you did a good job overall. If you want another set of eyes on the script for future parts or additional images (I have a lot of good photos I've taken and artistic reconstructions I've collected), let me know! I messaged you on discaord
“… had most of it’s commoners in fancy palaces…” and that isn’t a clue that it was from a pre existent culture?
Imagine being stuck behind this guy ordering a Wendy's
This content is excellent and your narration is perfect. I truly enjoy your videos and I hope you're able to find time to keep making them.
Oh my lord this is probably one of the greatest youtube channels ive ever stumbled across. just everything about this whole video is amazing, the intricacy, the comedic value, everything. This video is amazing
Thank you so much! I'll be releasing Part 2 soon, so stay tuned
Incredible video. I’m a history student myself (heading into grad school on a path to a Ph.D), and while I mainly study 20th century American and Southeast Asian history, I’m a HUUUUGE lover of "forgotten" ancient civilizations. I know most of these on the iceberg, but please cover all of them I beg you (aaah!!! Dong Son civilization!!!). Fantastic work and good luck in university, it’s so cool seeing other people my age into this stuff.
as a die-hard history buff this video is SUPERB. really, really good video. thoroughly enjoyed watching, didn't know much about Mesoamerican civilizations. well done bro
I’d genuinely love to hear the whole iceberg all the way through, this was an entertaining (and educational!) watch!
how are you not gonna mention ancient wakanda??
WAAAAAAAAA?
You mean Yakub birthplace?
@@nore5992Creator of the white race. Big head black scientist.
A wakanda is a holy place in native american tradition Do a TH-cam search.
Without marvel
shhh,we dont talk abt it
the loud audio spooked me
On Sight - Kanye West
Finally an historical video i must watch more than 5 times to get all the interesting details. Im on hype for the part 2, which i hope will comes out
This video is amazing! Your enthusiasm for the matter really shows on your voice. You could have done an entire series of shorter videos for each layer, but at least we won't have to wait too much until you cover them all. Hope I get to watch the next one, and good luck with uni and Patreon!
10:50 I’m half welsh on my mothers side and from a Scottish family on my dad’s side, so I feel this. My cousin is fluent in welsh and proud of it, and I’ve tried to learn it but just can’t handle languages. I have been learning some traditional Scottish weaving techniques, I’ve woven one of my family tartans from welsh wool! There’s been a pretty significant push to preserve Celtic languages and traditions in the U.K. recently, welsh and Gaelic languages are taught in many schools in wales, Ireland and Scotland whereas before they were heavily suppressed
That's so cool! Super unfortunate that welsh and gaelic were suppressed in schools :( I'm indigenous American and our language was also almost stolen from us. My tribe opened a college in the 2010s though and are teaching our language!
@@stinky-smelly I’ve tried learning welsh but I can’t get the throaty letters and generally I’m terrible at languages so I’ve had to stick to learning about our mythology, history and culture! It’s awesome that you’re teaching your language again! Languages are so fascinating and when you lose a language, you lose that culture
I stay in Britain, and I fucking hate the place. Full of poverty, and 2% very rich.
I recommend you the channel cambrian chronicles if you want to learn more about Welsh history:) the owner of the channel is a welsh historian and has done a lot of good work in the past few years to combat misinformation about wales history online
@@ajpoopfucker I’m subbed to them actually! Very cool channel
Bro this is dope do not quit pls
17:28 Actually, the Hittites mentioned in the Bible are likely not the same as civilization called by that name.
A lot of early middle eastern archaeology was motivated by a desire to prove that the Bible was based in real life, so when people realized that there was this great civilization in the upper Near East, they were ascribed the name of Hittites.
While it is true that the Hittite Empire was based out of Hatti, they did not call themselves Hittites. Rather, they called themselves the people of Nesa, Nesa being their previous center before conquering Hatti from the civilization that founded it, the Hattians. And since the Biblical Hittites are always mentioned in context with Canaan, and both Hattic and Hittite civilization was much further to the north, it’s unlikely that the Biblical Hittites are what we call by convention “Hittites.”
That's very interesting, thank you for informing me of that!
So nesa peoples are not the hittites !? 😮
@@labeilleautiste6318 No, at least not the Biblical people called by that name.
For all we know they *might* have been an offshoot, much like how the Amorites living in Canaan were just a part of the greater Amorite peoples that lived across the Middle East, but we just don’t know. We have nothing left behind by the Biblical Hittites to study them with, and the few times Hittite individuals are named in the Bible they have Semitic-sounding names, which would be odd considering that the Nesa People (which we call the Hittites by convention) were speakers of an early Indo-European language.
@@mojavefry2617 jews peoples was so small compare to others lol amonite was not just a little tribe like others ?
That kinda doesn't surprise me. There's a few cultures that have gone missing or unaccounted for, and then seemingly reappeared, although it's never entirely clear if the reappearance is just a completely separate culture that has a lot in common with said missing culture, because of similarities in their environment.
Love your videos man good luck with your future.
Thank you so much!
he just really loves those weird pre pottery neolithic statues for some reason.
I do too.
When I saw Teotihuacán and Purépecha (Tarascan is not their name) I was so excited to see them along with many other pre-Colombian civilizations. Purépecha are my ancestors (moms side) of the family so it really makes me happy.
This has to be the best video collection of ancient civilizations.!!
Thank you!
this is an excellent video, as someone who studies history but isn't a scholar i really appreciate the way you went about this, both interesting for those with existing knowledge and educational for anyone first jumping in!
really sucks that you aren't getting paid for all of this work, youtube pays tons of content farms but ignores valuable, human-made content like this just because you posted AI videos in the past... i'm not able to donate now, but sending good will your way and hoping a long comment will help get this out in the algorithm! 🙏🏼
Fantastic video! Being a middle-aged history buff of obscure earth histories, you did an amazing job of putting this together.
Thank you so much!
45:20 Don't be stingy, now... Fantastic video, I'm really impressed w/ the content man.. There's some other "iceberg" centered channels popping up w/ content that doesn't seem to have the same heart or soul yours does... And consequently they seem to be able to put out 40 minute videos twice a week.. But you can tell they're reading ChatGPT.. They didn't write their own script. They never proofread it. They don't do extra vocal takes... It's just to say I know how much work can go into a video, and also how LITTLE work can go into a video sometimes.... This is very much the former and you should be very proud of the content you've clearly worked hard on. And thank you for that, really.
Great stuff man, can’t wait for the next part
Scythia has always been of my favorite civilizations
Scythia, Parthia , and such always fascinating to me too. Steppe people were kinda op.
@@gjheintzmankhazare$
@@gjheintzmankhazaria
Awesome! im looking forward to part 2, This is probably my favorite series you’ve made so far.
The inclusion of Maya - the animation program - made me laugh out loud
I just realized I've seen all of your most popular videos at complete random and never realized they were made by the same channel. Keep up the great work 👍
(SpongeBob as an 80's Dark Fantasy was my favorite)
I hope Sanxingdui is on it, literally one of the most bizarre civilizations i've seen
Man Im really stoked for part 2! As a colombian art historian I am very familiar with many cultures of levels 3 through 6
Another very interesting culture you could check are the Tartesians in southern Spain. Some people even call them the inspiration for Atlantis
Can’t believe bro suggested skipping around the video. Idk if it takes a couple days, I listen to these videos from start to end and learn stuff all the way through!
Why is nobody talking about the Nazca art are you kidding me??? How have i never heard about this, i've never seen such cool stylised, clean linear art from an ancient civilization oh my goddd i gotta go reasearch it more..
Yeah, I absolutely love it
As a Peruvian I tend to forget that our ancient cultures are probably unknown for the rest of the world. As we are taught about them since we're kids, I just assume it's general knowledge. Nazca, Paracas, Wari, Chavin, Chimu, that's basically our history class
Finally, somebody who doesn't just regurgitate facts and actually brings some clear prior investment and learning into the subjects!
Love your videos
Thanks a lot!
just an FYI.
Chill on the super loud sound effects.
Most pf us dont watch ancient civiliization videos for the jump scares.
Agreed, I was enjoying the video but the mic quality is pretty poor, so you have to turn up the volume, only to get walloped with some 2008 era screamer sounds. I was out after the Hittites jump scare.
Plenty of people enjoy it. I can’t imagine how boring of a life you must live to even complain about it
@@thelatenateshow7943 and here you are complaining.
I went to Mesa Verde national park last summer in Colorado to see some of the Ancestral Pueblo structures and they were so beautiful. I knew I loved archaeology before then but that was one of my first times being up close to actual relics of the past. It was amazing.
i went to one of the cliff dwelling sites in mesa verde colorado. I got to go down into one of the kivas there. It was amazing. We learned how there was lots of tooth erosion bc they ground down their maize with stone that got into it as a fine powder and wore their teeth down over time.
this is like "history of MOST ancient civilizations, i guess" and i love it
The short/not so short intro to each of them puts a seed of curiosity into your mind that MAY bare fruits of knowledge if you dare to research about them
As someone that lives very close to Cucuteni (the town), I'd looove to see you cover Cucuteni-Trypillia culture! The ancient Dacians would be cool too, but I'm not sure if they classify as obscure enough !
First time I've come across your content. I really enjoyed it and am looking forward to seeing more.
babes wake up my favourite history channel just posted
You should cover them ALL I promise I along with many others will watch
Nice to know you are still alive.
I'm glad someone cared lol
rest in peace etruscans they would have loved jacuzzis and blunts 😢💕 🕊️
11:46 Urban myth. When colonialism was full on the way some sailors arrived there and fought the natives. After they left, a disease had wiped out almost all of them. When an American fleet arrived there they chopped down the trees to use the wooden planks to rebuild their ships. To add salt to the wound, some Spanish settlers thought the land was uninhabited and so they started grazing it for sheep, the sheep ate most of the vegetation and when a small group of what was left of the natives resisted, the Spanish enslaved them. That’s how Easter Island ended NOT because they cut down all their trees, that’s a propagated theory by Western Academia and it’s quite sad most people ignore what really happened to the people there.
Woah. I only vaguely knew about the Moai but I had no idea there were so many. That is so fascinating.
Please do all of the civilizations on your list! They’re all interesting
Im craving the next episode, i loved this even if i already knew most of them.
really interesting video, enjoyed it
10/10
also off topic, but your voice sounds like a combination of Wendigoon and moistcr1tikal :D
pretty neat combo if you ask me.
It does. Lol😂
Man this is awesome. You deserve way more subscribers.
I really enjoyed most of the video, but brother PLEASE, I am begging you, work on your audio. You about gave me several strokes, at couple of heart attacks, an aneurism, 3 new hemorrhoids, Ebola, and erectile dysfunction. Just level out those sound effects and you'll be pure gold. I wasn't even wearing headphones or trying to sleep, thank god. I was just working on some tasks for work and then I thought an anime battle was going to begin inside my grey matter as soon as I pulled myself off of the ceiling like I was a cat that had just seen a stack of giant cucumbers.
Good luck in school. I hope you don't take tests or write papers like you balance audio. I joke, you're going to do awesome and I'm sure we call can't wait to hear about you killing it. You know, as long as I'm not hospitalized as a vegetable because of your unrelenting audio assaults.
It should also be noted that it is known that there were great houses that even dwarfed Pueblo Bonito, that are confirmed to have existed by both Spanish records and native oral histories, but that were disassembled so that the materials could be used in new building projects in the 1600s. Little to no physical evidence remains of their existence. It’s pretty sad.
Wow yeah that definitely sucks, what a shame - but thanks for telling me about them!
@@thepharaohnerd7235 no problem! Incredible series btw. I’m rewatching them all!
The little visual gags in this are killing me, especially the weezer one
Pueblos mentioned! Thanks for covering my ancestors. My great grandmother's pottery is in the Smithsonian and yeah its pretty cool pottery.
History nerds will see this and say “hell yeah”
Algorithm finally blessed me with your channel and I've been obsessed since
great video, please continue
the very short Hittite joke at 17:25 was more than enough to remind me to give a like. Amazing video! just wish some parts were not so loud, they kinda hurt my ears
Goes hard
Very fascinating and awesome video!! Surprised by some that I knew about. But I'm most interested in learning about the ancient civilizations that we don't know at all. I've heard of The Indus Valley Civilization, Gobleki Tepi, Teotihucuan, Canaan, Nubia, etc. But the rest, no idea lol.
Also being from Arizona, born and raised, I find it awesome and cool that ancient Anasazi tribe once inhabited areas here. I gotta visit those sites at some point in my life!
I'm so glad that my video brought those sites to your attention, I would love to visit Arizona and see them for myself!
good vid, excited for the next one!
I visited Mesa Verde in my early 20s and it genuinely changed my life. I'd always thought of Native Americans as fairly primitive, either the "noble savage" types or warlike scalping types. Walking around houses built into the side of a cliff was absolutely mind-blowing, and it completely changed my perspective on Native Americans. From there I began looking more into pre-Columbian history, learning about places like Cahokia and its extensive trade network, and it sparked my love of ancient history in general.
To any parents who may read this: if you want to go on vacations, don't waste your time and money on theme parks, take your kids to national parks instead.
9:13 too loud
37:50 Interesting note, my ancestors that inhabited Chaco use to drink ‘hot cocoa.’ Albeit, probably the most bitter chocolate you’d ever had as there was no sugar or milk. The chocolate used to be traded with our decedents of the Central and South American region, ku’yah’buh u’wak. This translation can loosely mean “our babies of the south.”
That's very interesting, thank you!
What's with the loud screeching sounds man
Great information
I’m 6 minutes in but I’ve already liked and subscribed. Absolutely fascinating.
I like the vid but the random
Noises r scary :0
Super!!! Didn't even notice how the time flew by. Very informative and entertaining! 💖🎥
“Anasazi” is not the correct term for those people, it is Ancestral Puebloan these people were my ancestors, the Pueblo people are still alive and thriving with 19 unique Pueblos across New Mexico
Love the vids!
It's ok we're a melting pot now 😂
There are no direct descendants of the ancestral pueblo, the same goes for the hohokam. The term anasazi also could be translated differently from ancient enemy, it can also stand for strong warriors. I mean, i dont think its necessarily offensive to today's peoples since nobody is even a direct ancestor of them.
Edit: the Pueblo tribe is a completely seperate and more modern tribe to appear alongside the navajo and yavapai in arizona
@@breannathompson9094 No doubt an identity invented for political purposes
Thats what he says
Great video, can't wait to start Part 2! One slight pronunciation correction: When you mention the Anasazi/Hohokam/Mogollon, "Mogollon" is pronounced "MO-gee-yon." There's some geographical features named after them in AZ/NM, but unless you live in those states you probably never hear the word.
Interesting, thank you!
great video thanks
I was half expecting Ancient Aliens trash when I came across this video. Thanks for assuring us early on lmao. Great stuff.
CIV 6 should be used in history lessons to teach children basic history in a fun way.
Civ really upped my knowledge of many civilisations that fly under the radar
I'm so happy to see the Paracas culture in this video!! One of my favorite forgotten civilizations
Nubians weren't black lol.
Too many people think african means black, but in ancient times, it wasn't that way.
They weren't black, they just had black skin like the modern day Sudanese people 🥴
This is a great iceberg and video. Hopefully TH-cam will see sense and remonetize your channel - we all need more high quality history content. Good luck with University.
How come you skipped the philistines?
I genuinely just forgot - which is a shame, because they're pretty interesting seeing as they're basically the best attested chunk of the Sea Peoples
The Maoi heads walked to where they are. They didn't use wood rollers. Something else caused the deforestation on Easter Island.
love me some icebergs
Just a correction on the Rapa Nui. I understand that most people believe the "they chopped their own trees and caused their own demise" approach, after all that's what is taught at schools most of the time. However, that's far from the reason of their downfall (guess what, europeans had A LOT to do with it). User NORTH 02 has a great video on it, highly recommended.
31:14 fun fact descendants and native ppl from the area are restoring the city with help of archeologists - mainly the intricate water canals and cisterns so the water stop damaging the buildings further and can be preserved for future generations
There's a song by Rasputina called "Oh Bring Back the Egg Unbroken" thats about the birdman cult ♡♡♡
I KNOW MOST OF THE LIST OMG YOU BOOSTED MY CONFIDENCE A LOT
Still there are many I don't know about, i'm glad you made these. Like wtf are the vettones? idk i'm soon gonna find out.
At 25:00 there is no special reason to mention that the Israelites were a kind of Canaanite (broad term) ethnicity and for that matter they surely are 'Hyksos' ethnicity too. This all squares with the 'bible of archeology' which is...well.. the bible. The Hebrews make no mistake about who they were as what we can call the 'Proto-Israelites'. They give long boring genealogy explaining who was this and that and what cousins formed what tribes and what their other cousins became and so on.
Incredible video!! Out of all of the iceberg's entries, covered in part 1 and the ones to-be covered, here are the ones that I knew of before this video:
Carthage
Phoenicians
Assyria
Rapa Nui/Easter Island
Minoans
Neolithic British Isles
La Tene (Celts)
Mycenaean Greeks
Ertuscans
Olmecs
Nubia
Scythia
Indus River Valley Civilization
Canaanites
Teotihuacan
Lydia
Axum Empire
Ansaza/Acenstral Puebloans
Toltecs
S. Arabia
Brittany
York
Norte Chico
Neo-Hitties
Varna
Castro
N. China
Tonga's Polynesian empire
Finnish Giant's Church
Senegambian Stone Circles
Palau
I do have a bit on criticism of the iceberg itself, since for some reason it labels Tonga as being unknown, despite Tu'i Tonga (def not Tu'i Manu'a) being a bit well known. Also some about Rapa Nui (Easter Island), regarding the Mo'ai and rongorongo; rongorongo for example is very controversial whether it is a true writing system or not, since writing more-or-less has only been developed independently around 4-5 times depending on how you count Indus Script. Nowadays rongorongo is assumed to be a form of proto-writing and not true writing, and was memorised text to text by priests, and so could not be read phonetically. If you were a priest and able to read one text, you couldn't read the other for example as you had no context for what it was. Mo'ai are generally understood to be made in the image or spirit of their ancestors, a common thing among Polynesian cultures.
Also, as side note I think I should suggest a bottom ice-berg one as well! Papua. Papua has had many civilisations and countries throughout it's history that many people outside (and even inside) Papua have never heard about or know out! Also Pohnpei while I am at it, they even had their own kingdom (by western standards) and their own city called Nan Madol, a feat which often contradicts the notion that pre-European oceania was tribal by westerners.
Great video, I can't wait for part 2. Otherwise, you could put Vinča culture on the iceberg if you haven't already.
Fuck dude the ear bleeder sound effects goddamn
for anyone out there If you like this subject matter and just how ingenious humanity is in surviving and thriving in various environments and places i would suggest the ancient americas channel which is one of the hands down best history YT channels i have found.
It’s so nice to watch a video about ancient empires that isn’t full of misinformation or white supremacist rhetoric, done by someone who has a real passion for the history
Thanks a lot, I'm glad you enjoyed!
“white supremacist rhetoric” What?
@@inactivated101 a ton of history gets over saturated by white supremacist rhetoric
@@thomasorsini9735 leftoid rhetoric****
@@inactivated101 ah yes, conservatives aren’t good at anything but denying reality
This was the perfect video for me to drift off to sleep to but 9:14 and 9:21 scared the shit out of me😭😭😭
Is it called "Indiana Jones and the last crusader"?? Because that makes sense, but I could have sworn it was "last crusade"???
Ha! excellent commentary! I be followin ya every step! I know my shite, and ya be doin good by sweepin over the details and gettin into the balls of the matter! Love it! My speed for someone who knows the inbetweens! Nice job! ;)