3D Midgut Embryology - Rotation of Midgut in 3D - Physiological Umbilical Hernia and Intestines
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 9 พ.ค. 2024
- In this visual medical lecture Dr. Aizaz from MedicoVisual explains the midgut rotation and development of midgut
00:00 intro to midgut, foregut and hindgut
02:46 Physiological Umbilical Hernia of the midgut
04:15 What is Primary Intestinal Loop
06:36 Formation cecal bud or cecal swelling
08:58 Pre-arterial and Post-arterial limb of intestinal loop of midgut
10:24 Initial 90 degrees anticlockwise rotation
13:49 Remaining 180 degree anticlockwise rotation during retraction phase
17:28 Retraction of midgut intestinal loops
18:57 Downward movement of ascending colon into the lower abdomen
22:00 Complete 3D Animation of Midgut Rotation
22:19 Fixation of Intestines (Ascending colon's peritoneum)
25:00 Formation of Cecum and Appendix from the cecal bud
Initially the midgut is very small in length and almost all of it is connected directly and broadly with the vitelline duct. However, as it grows in length, it forms a loop or coil, which at it’s apex, is connected to the vitelline duct. As this primary midgut loop (also called primary intestinal loop lengthens further, it is impossible to keep this loop resided within the tiny abdomen of the fetus. The abdomen is small and there is a huge liver sitting in there as well. So, this loop has to herniate out of he abdomen and finds a temporary spot within the umbilical cord, which itself lies within the extraembryonic celom. The loop will later come back into the abdomen, and we will see that later. This normal and temporary herniation of primary intestinal loop into the umbilical cord is called Physiological hernia.
The midgut is supplied by the superior mesenteric artery, a branch of dorsal aorta. The foregut is supplied by the celiac trunk and hindgut by the inferior mesenteric artery.
The superior mesenteric artery’s main stem terminates at the apex of the primary intestinal loop. The cranial limb of this loop is more appropriately called pre-arterial limb and caudal limb is called post-arterial. I said, “more appropriately called”, because later we will see that this coil will rotate around the main stem of superior mesenteric artery. As this will happen, the cranial and caudal demarcation will longer hold true. (For example, with the first 90-degree anticlockwise rotation, both of the limbs will lie in the same plane, and it would be hard to demarcate which one is cranial and which one is caudal).
While inside the umbilical cord, few changes occur within both of the limbs of this loop. The Pre-arterial limb (or cranial limb) will form most of the small intestines viz., a part of duodenum, jejunum and a part of ileum. Since the aim of life of small intestine is to absorb nutrients, it wants to absorb as much nutrients as possible. For this purpose, the small intestines must be quite longer to fetch every possible particle of the nutrients from the food. So naturally the prearterial limb lengthens more as compared to the postarterial limb. Therefore, it forms a convoluted appearance.
The postarterial limb forms the remaining part of the ileum, cecum, ascending colon and proximal 2/3rd of the transverse colon. At termination of primordial ileum, a conical swelling appears which will later develop into the cecum. This swelling is called the cecal bud.
Rotation of midgut loop:
Within the extraembryonic celom and umbilical cord, the primary intestinal loop takes it first 90 degrees turn anticlockwise around the axis of superior mesenteric artery. Now both of the limbs lie in the same horizontal plane.
After this initial 90-degree rotation, this loop undergoes another 180 degrees anticlockwise rotation.
Now the prearterial limb is on the left and the post-arterial limb is on the right side.
The proximal part of the postarterial limb between the cecal bud and the origin of vitelline duct forms the distal part of ileum. The cecal bud grows into cecum which cranially continues as ascending colon. The part of postarterial limb that is distal to cecal bud and is continuous with the hindgut, forms the ascending colon and proximal 2/3rd part of the transverse colon.
Actually the first 90 degree anticlockwise rotation occur within the umbilical cord while the remaining 180 degrees happens as the loop is retracted back into the abdomen, as it has grown enough. However, for the sake of simplicity and ease of explanation I have shown the complete 270 degrees rotation within the umbilical cord.
So, the loops are retracted back into the abdomen. By this time, the vitelline duct is obliterated, and it loses its connection with the intestine.
Here you can see that the cecal bud is into the upper right quadrant of the abdomen. It should be at the right lower quadrant.
This visual lecture is part of the Premium GastroIntestinal Embryology 3D MasterClass.
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Most precise explanation on youtube
Really amazing. Can’t believe such content exists on youtube. Really helpful for medical students like me! ❤
never seen someone talk around a topic this hard
Thank you for your feedback on my '3D Midgut Embryology' lecture. I'm always striving to make my content as informative and accessible as possible.
Could you please clarify if there were specific aspects of the lecture that felt indirect or if there are particular ways you think I could improve the presentation?
Your insight is invaluable to me as I continue to develop educational content. Looking forward to hearing from you!
Actually helped me understand this topic! thanks
None of the teachers ,of any subject ,at any platform, taught so well. Kudos to you Sir🙌. Thankyou so much🙌
This channel is definitely underrated! I expected it to have million subscribers! 😢
Amazing animation and explanation! Keep up the good work 👍
Exceptional work, efforts and explanations, Can't say thanks enough, Thank you. 🙏
Superb! Stunning! Thank you!
Outstanding description 👍
Best midgut rotation video on the internet! And you are such a passionate teacher! Thank you for your contribution to the anatomical sciences! God bless
Thank u so much sir fully understood this topic ❤
Keep on the awesome job man! You’re an impressive teacher.Without these beautiful illustrations, it would be almost impossible to grasp these foundational concepts. Your great must be immensely appreciated.Salutes!
Excellent as we need 💖💖
Thank you for the Video sir…….plz keep uploading all the videos of embryology sir………
Discovered this video whilst doing a DEV3022 assignment at Monash University in 2023. Absolute top notch content and deserving of far more recognition. Keep up the excellent work king 👑
This you sir👏🏼👏🏼This is amazing. Studying the books alone was totally strange to me. But combining it with this video has given me a clear picture. I look forward to learning more from you sir.
You made it easy .. great effort .. thank you
You are a life saver 😭❤️❤️✨✨
Amazing Work Sir .Really Good explanation and Models ..
really great effort 😍
Amazing description!!!!!!
I watched four videos before this finally i understood it thankyou
The best presentation ever
Thank you so much. It is amazing.
Awesome work. Thanks man
Very useful
Awesome lecture. Thanks a lot.
God bless you sir...I'm really grateful❤
Thank you so much sir .. i am a final yr student and my unferstanding of these topics have increased manyfolds ❤❤
Hoping for urogenital development etc.., soon ....big fan of your work...very helpful sir 🙏....you made embryology very easy
thank you that is so helpful
It blew my mind 🤯
Finally understood this topic.
Excellent video
Your teaching skill is so good🥹
Thank you very much sir
Keep making embryology easy like this 😭please
Earnestly speaking this is the best video I've watched so far that i really understand. The models are so vivid and the teacher is so sound. I love this. Thanks for Helping me 😊❤️
Happy to help :-)
You are actually awesome wholesome ❤
Literally amazing!!! Ohh i should have found it somewhat earlier it seems.....
Thankyou sir this is great work jazakallah
Thank you so much!
Thank you very much ❤❤❤
Amazing 👏
Your videos are absolutely amazing, i love them 🥰🥰
Thank you so much
excellent video...........
Best one❤
Sir u r the legend
perfect 🎉
Thx alooot
Thank you so much for all your videos, there are really helpful when studying embryology for the first time as it makes obscure developmental events more understandable and appreciable.
I wish I have money to buy all your courses😢 that would really have been amazing
Hi
Thank you so much for your appreciation.
Do not worry if you do not have money to buy the courses. Please contact me for the access.
WhatsApp: +923037241030
Email: draizaz@medicovisual.com
😍 excellent
very great work.sir....you make embryology very easy sir🙏🙏🙏
Thanks a lot for your appreciation
U r amazing thnk u
love it , thank you. neurology senior registrar coming to understand this for step1 !
That's an honor for me! 😊 Thanks
This is 👌
excellent and easy / efficient (very) way . helped me very well with embryological rotation of gut which is tough and very important to learn cause it kinda gives condition like Volvulus and omphelocele and gastrochias . Thanks for the amazing video andyou sir Dr.Aizaz are amazing .
🙏
Awesome❤️
Thank you so much
Extremely well made videos . Thank you so much sir
Most welcome and Thanks a lot for your appreciation.
Awesome 🎉sir
Thanks ✌️
Thanks
Thank you so much for the super thanks Ou Sama. 😊 I feel honored.
Nice and easyy
Gold
Thank you so much
Sir plz upload special embryology video
The proximal first rotate 180 and the distal rotate 90
Very very helpful thank you sooo much sir 😭💜💜💜💜💜❤️❤️❤️❤️🔥🔥🔥
Amazing explanation, you got one for hindgut?
The complete GIT Embryology course that includes all the videos of GIT embryology, including hindgut, is available for a small fee at www.medicovisual.com/courses/premium-gastrointestinal-embryology-3d-masterclass
Please contact draizaz@medicovisual.com or WhatsApp at +923037241030 if you need more info or if you cannot pay the full price.
There is a small mistake in animation which can be corrected. At 15:45 the SMA is on the top of foregut and at 15:46 it crosses the gut lumen and rest below the foregut.crossing the lumen is not possible.This could be a bit difficult to understand the Doppler SMA-SMV axis for diagnosis of malrotation of gut. Else the animation and explanation is awesome . Thanks
Subscribing to your channel.
Thank you so much for pointing out the mistake. I'm genuinely interested in addressing this concern, but I'm currently having trouble grasping the exact aspect you're referring to. Could you kindly elaborate a bit more on the issue you've identified?
I'm eager to learn from this and make necessary improvements, although I must admit that I don't claim to be an absolute expert. Sometimes, despite my best efforts, certain nuances can be missed, and I truly appreciate when viewers like you point them out. It is always a great learning opportunity which I do not want to miss.
Also, if you're comfortable with it, I'd love for you to get in touch with me directly. You can reach me on WhatsApp at +923037241030 or email me at draizaz@medicovisual.com. Your expertise is super important to me, and I'd be really happy to talk more and learn from what you know.
Thank you once again for your dedication to improving the learning experience for everyone. Your contribution is deeply appreciated, and I'm looking forward to hearing from you.
I dont know how true is it because lange textbook of embryology writes, 90° rotation occurs outside during herniated phase, 90° counter clockwise rotation occurs during return of the intestinal limb and 90° counterclockwise occurs inside abdomen to reach a final(normal) position, but u showed all the rotation outside during herniated phase
Thank you for your astute observation! You are absolutely right about the textbook description of the embryological rotation of the intestines. I did mention in the video that there is a total of 270 degrees of anticlockwise rotation, which occurs in two phases: 90 degrees during herniation and an additional 180 degrees as the intestines retract back into the abdomen.
To avoid confusion and make the animation clearer, I chose to simplify the representation and not show the rotation during retraction. The process is quite complex, and I wanted to ensure that the fundamental concepts were understood without overcomplicating the visual. I appreciate your attention to detail and hope this clarification helps. If there are any more questions or if anything else is unclear, please feel free to ask. Your feedback is invaluable for improving our learning resources!
@@MedicoVisual thanks a lot, that quite a nice way to illustrate, gave me a good revision :)
@@sandeeipsapkota8200 Thank you for your appreciation.
Also, I forgot to mention the timestamp. It's 14:01
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is there a video for foregut development?
There is a complete section dedicated to Development of Foregut in the GIT Embryology course (www.medicovisual.com/courses/premium-gastrointestinal-embryology-3d-masterclass#preview).
For more info, feel free to contact me at draizaz@medicovisual.com or WhatsApp at +923037241030
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Dear Dr. Aizuz, thank you so much for your work❣️
I have a question. When we are talking about the human body, the right site is where the right hand for the person about whom we are talking about. Why did you say that the midgut is rotating conter-clockwise when if the person watching his own midgut would say, that it is rotating clockwise?😉
Yes you are right. In the field of anatomy, when referring to the left and right side of a patient or anatomical diagrams, it is always from the perspective of the patient or the diagram, not the viewer or the doctor.
However, when a clock is placed in front of a person, it will appear to rotate anticlockwise from both perspectives. Watch 12:59
I would agree, if we move the viewer to the viewer of the embryo, but keep the clock in it's position as in the video. But if the embryo watches his gut and looks for the correlation with the clock on the wall...😅
Thank you for your answer!❤
@@AnastasijaYelisejeva Then the Embryo will have to view the clock from a mirror. Of course mirror image is inverted.
Can I get the link for foregut development plz?
The complete GIT Embryology course that includes all the videos of GIT embryology, including hindgut, midgut and foregut, is available for a small fee at www.medicovisual.com/courses/premium-gastrointestinal-embryology-3d-masterclass
Please contact draizaz@medicovisual.com or WhatsApp at +923037241030 if you need more info or if you cannot pay the full price.
😍
When you will start pathology?
Literally waiting from your side.
Not yet. I will first focus on anatomy, physiology and biochemistry. Thanks for the comment BTW
😍😍😍😍💯👏