Ten Minute History - World War One and International Relations (Short Documentary)
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This episode of Ten Minute History (like a documentary, only shorter) covers the international and diplomatic tensions that led to the outbreak of World War 1. It covers an overview of the war and the major nations which fought in it and some of the technological changes that occurred. It also covers the Entente's victory and the dissolution of europe's great empires and the new nations which were born of them.
Recommended Reading:
Michael Howard - The First World War: A Very Short Introduction. A fantastic little overview of the war and a great introduction for anyone interested.
Christopher Clark - The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914. Extremely detailed survey on the lead up to the First World War. Be aware that it doesn't cover the war itself but its coverage of international diplomacy in the early 20th century is phenomenal.
David Stevenson - 1914-1918: The History of the First World War. A more detailed overview of the course of the war, one of the better overviews. Max Hasting's 'Catastrophe' being another.
Just a heads up: I obviously can't cover everything in this video and so to preempt certain criticisms, I just want to say that I'm sorry that the following weren't included:
Many countries: Albania, Portugal, Canada, Australia etc.
Technologies: Aerial combat, flamethrowers, etc.
Certain people: Generals, admirals, kings, etc.
Certain events: Battles, the Armenian and Greek Genocides and more detail on the Russian Revolution.
The reason for this was that the episode is supposed to offer a very brief overview and focuses mainly on the international diplomacy that preceded and followed the war. Again, sorry I didn't include the things you wanted. Ten Minutes and all that.
Ten Minute History thanks
That Great War cameo though....
You could do a video of the Late Portuguese Empire (1640-1999)
Ten Minute History If they want the whole war tell them to watch The Great War on TH-cam. I think this video is great
The Kobarid miracle was a notible battle you could have mentioned.
Queen Victoria's grandkids having one last backyard fight.
Family feud European edition
@@MrHistory269 Absolutley right!
Imagine if she lived until 1919
@@jonaboktr5269 Jesus, the statement „I‘m disappointed in you.“ would then have a WHOLE NEW meaning...
@Kolbe Arreola toats
“Germany was heavily industrialized and had a large population, Austria-Hungary was... also there” XD
Poor Germany. In both world wars they were pros of warfare but had noob friends in Europe and were simply overwhelmed by the Allies and their limitless resources...
@Fabian Kirchgessner nope it was due to supply they were running out of oil and metal so they started to rush things up
@Fabian Kirchgessner Germany had to invade USSR because otherwise Stalin would have invaded first and conquered all of Europe...
@@arnold3768 Hitler was very autocratic and frequently got in the way of skilled generals making sensible military solutions. Hitler himself knew nothing of military strategy but always wanted everything done his way. One good example was when his armies tore through Belarus and were ready to march for Moscow and end it quickly, then and there, but Hitler diverted a bulk of them southwards to Ukraine, because he felt it would be wrong to capture Moscow without capturing Kiev first.
@@arnold3768 To conquer "the whole of Europe," or rather the world, was planned by Trotsky, not Stalin. And Trotsky was dead by that time.
Stalin was a supporter of the concept of communism in a single country. Learn the material part.
That last line is cold, man - cold, sad and true… “Ultimately, WW1’s greatest legacy was that it created the conditions necessary for WW2’
And problems in the Middle East.
@@rewdwarf123 “america ruined the middle east!!!!”
Meanwhile the Sykes-Picot agreement
I love this guy and he's in like the 99.9 percentile of his genre so im loathe to say anything negative, but that's not correct. WW1 was instrumental in Ireland's recent history, and they played a (relatively) minor roll as a neutral nation in ww2, and that's just one country. It's not an 'either or thing" it's a "both and" thing. It layed the ground work for ww2 and changed the world in a radical way that would have remained changed regardless of ww2.
Almost like the war never really ended.
@@sh1pme2themune9 c u next tuesday.
"Russia, on paper, had a terrifyingly large army, but it was spread out, poorly trained, and under-equipped."
Just felt like quoting that in March 2022 for absolutely no reason at all.
That sounds about right
Ukraine officiail Arestovic: "Our military industry is destroyed"
The internet: "russian army is poorly trained, under-equipped"
That's really not the case right now considering they only sent around 200.000 troops give or take a few thousand and is very powerful atleast compared to Ukraine
@@AgentLando they sent what they could, alot of their military is useless for this war
@@AgentLando Uhhh, sure.
“In 1916 Franz Joseph proved that he could actually die”
Gotta love the different death descriptions
"he managed to get a little bit assassinated"
*Coming soon to a queen in London*
@Max Smith Let's see if she can Prove that.
The queen will never die
But Leopold didn't have to worry that long because one year later he came down with a case of the deads.
"The British had lied" that's 300 years of history summed up in a sentence.
Irish salt.
Not only to the Arabs but also to their own commanders on many fronts. I wonder if the world would be different today if the Government would have kept their word. However its worth remembering the point that if Britain had of seeded the land, France would most likely of claimed it instead, taking the land was not so much to deny it to the Arabs but more to deny France, and to try and have something to show for a War that was fought to defend other countries territory and had cost thousands of British lives in the process.
That's literally every state in history. America lied to the natives, Geramny lied to everyone, Russia lied to every ethnic minority it tried to cleanse, Japan lied to it's own citizens, what's your point?
@@Calsopify
What do you think the British would have seeded the land with? Grass?
@@JB-yb4wn haha indeed, I meant ceded.
7:45 "Hmm, we appear to be on fire."
"Hmm, yes, quite."
Germany every 20 years: “MOM SAID ITS MY TURN ON BELGIUM”
If that was true, there would’ve been a attack in the 60s, 80s, 00s, and 20s, I get the joke, but it’s inaccurate as heck.
@@PugnaciousProductions well there might be an attack int eh 20s
@@PugnaciousProductions you must be fun at parties
@@professionaltaxevader2699 well first off, good job necroing a post, second off, it’s a bad joke
@@PugnaciousProductions ok and 😎
Germany, 1914:
"So, how do we win the war?"
"Invade France through Belgium, gas some people and use the U-boats to sink their merchant ships"
Germany, 1939:
"Last time it didn't go well. How do we plan to win the war this time?"
"Invade France through Belgium, gas some people and use the U-boats to sink their merchant ships"
And it almost worked the second time
ps "gas some people" meant a different thing in the second one
HAH!
GOD DAMN IT HANS !!!
THIS IS HOW THEY GOT US LAST TIME!!!!!!
Actually they went through the Netherlands and then through Belgium wich helped a lot
Germany's plan actually was very tenuous and also very foolish, but not for the reason you are probably thinking.
France's plan was actually very smart, and their plan was supposed to use the part of Belgium west of the Meuse River (or possibly the Rhine, I forget which) as an extension of the Maginot Line as one complete fortification all the way to the sea. It was the Belgian king who eventually distrusted the French and abandoned their part of the plan and so France had to invade Belgium when Germany was imminently going to do the same to Belgium to begin working on the fortified line. The Germans pushed through the lightly guarded Ardennes (but still, that was a very difficult thing to do and if the Allies had fortified it more, the Germans likely would have lost) and cut off the access for everyone.
Germany did one thing right in the second war though when invading France. They avoided a second front. They had secured a treaty with the Soviets, with whom they carved up Poland, and so they didn't have to worry about much in the East for another year.
WWI: What is my purpose?
WW2: You create ww2
WWI: Oh my god
AlarminglyDog Very underrated joke.
WW2: What was my purpose?
WW3: You created me.
WW2: Well I won't be the last.
Frist Name Last Name WW2: what was my purpose?
Cold War: you created me.
Cold War: what was my purpose?
WW3: you created me.
WW1- the father
WW2- the son
WWI: Heil an unknown corporal :P
"Serbia refused."
I guess technically. But also technically they accepted, they had accepted every part of the demands, except for the final one that said basically, "give up your autonomy to us, or else."
They received certain assurances from the Russians, which made them think it was worth asserting their independence.
Yes basically
To be exact, the part they did not accept was that the monarchy wanted to investigate the assasination of Franz Ferdinand on serbian land. The serbians than interpreted this as violation of their independence.
But of course this all was just fancy paperwork. Both sides knew that there will be war, the mutual hater was there for many years.
@Абдульзефир Unsuprisingly serbia was only able to act this "brawely" when they knew for sure that their big daddy russia will save them from anything bad that could happen.
Also what did i said wrong? The ethnic tensions were really intense before the war. Serbians within the monarchy have already made serveral bloody revolts at that point, supported by serbia of course. Really it wasnt that ultimatum that caused the war, it was just the way of getting entire europe into it.
And romanania was a much more valueable target than serbia as a place to expand.
@@d.g656 o
@@d.g656 I’m pretty sure russia barely help Serbia but if I wrong then oh
The subtle portrait of Napoleon is a great touch. Crazy how much of an influence he has had on the modern day world!
Everyone: *tired from all that fighting*
Turkey from 1919 to 1922: "But wait, there's more"
Russia from 1917-1922: There is more you fucks!
@@GeneralissimusStalin17
Germany: 1935- 1945: Oh hello there
Turkey from 1919 to 1922: I ain't hear no bell
To be fair they were getting carved up. Not that it wouldve been bad
@@RDA000 sounds very butthurt to me
European history in a nutshell:
"A lot of people died for a whole load of nothing."
The war didn't end 1918 or 1945, it is still ongoing. UN Charter, Articles 53, 77 and107. It is not about land, it is about race. Germany must perish.
@@mwewering ............
@@mwewering what's wrong with you?
@@sir.shark1504 read the UN-Charter.
@@mwewering Its true they need to rewrite that though.
I like how Germany literally carried the team in both wars
If Germany had some half decent allies, they would’ve been unstoppable.
@@PugnaciousProductions well they already pissed off the big people ideologically so unless you're playing hoi4 or something you ain't getting much
Wilhelm referred to being allied with Austro-Hungary as like being "shackled to a corpse". Germany had to bail them out multiple times and diverted much needed forces to support them when they were probably not really able to afford to do so.
The Italians and Austro-Hungarian battles over the Isonzo River were absolutely horrific though.
@@Micro-Lander they only needed their own lend lease. they didn't even piss off the american public so it was entirely possible
As a German, I don't like Germany's military being glorified. It plays too close to the whole "Dolchstoßlegende" of the right wing in which the German forces never lost in the field but we're stabbed in the back by unpatriotic and destabilising powers at home.
6:28 "The front fell off." That is some good engeneering.
It's okay. They towed it out of the environment.
“Lots of people died for a whole load of nothing” ain’t that a good way to describe World War I.
-World War 1- War*
"Some serbian dude shot the Austrian prince, so Austria declared war on Serbia, and Russia which had Serbia's back declared war on Austria, so Germany which had Austria's back declared war on Russia, so France which had Russia's back declared war on Germany, and now I, some french peasant, have to die for my country because the politicians said so"
It could have been so much better if Germany didn't join...
"a whole lot of nothing" unless you look at the map pre and post war in eastern europe and the middle east, a whole lot of stuff happened there ^^
mitch verr true the borders changed dramatically and society was changed forever, but what changed after the war paved the way for World War II and more destruction and even more unnecessary lose of life.
5:23 Hey look, it's Indy from Great War
He is also now hosting the channel "World War 2"
Its him. I knew it!
Lol! I had to rewatch that bit to make sure.
I was making sure people saw it.
Congratulating Cadorna? Haha!
I love the little quick jokes in these videos. “Austria-Hungary was also there.” I almost spit out my drink! 🤣😂
"Who started WW1?"
Austria: *nervous sweating* "This guy!" *points at germany and quickly jumps out frame*
Surprise Indy Neidell at 5:23
Yes
He has visited the Italian front so that was a fitting place for a cameo. :)
The fact that Indy is so recognizable within the artistic depth of a 2 dimensional lego is amazing. Kudos!
-Jake
All it needed was him burning a picture of conrad von hötzendorf and it would have been perfect
Watching the nth battle of Isonzo.
Love the dry humor. Always delightful.
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This is a great channel for actually learning the basics of world events, and I appreciate the territory map to go along with everything to provide a visual indication of the consequences of the events you describe. You don't purposely stall for time like a lot of other youtube history channels, which is just the icing on the cake.
"Also, Franz Joseph proved that he could actually die"
The humor on this channel is immaculate
"And Romania entered the war... and was swiftly conquered" this really shouldn't be funny 😂
None of the channel content should...and that why i love it
At least they tried
I was afraid Romania wouldn't even get a mention.
The ww 1 was the base of the Great Romania. But the mustache guys destroyed everything.
I still had to laugh. 😂
The sarcasm is even stronger than usual in this one.
Which is amazing!
Merritt Animation b H
Well all the planning to kill the Prince hadn't gone well. After he took a break he noticed them driving down the street again, and he got his revplver to work.
"Also, Franz Joseph proves that he could actually die and was succeeded by Charles I"
And totally appropriate.
Austria Hungary: exists
History matters: *peace was never an option*
lame
69th like
I wonder what queen victoria's reaction will be if she lived to see ww1, just seeing her granchildren/relatives fighting each other
She was not amused.
(Rule Britannia plays mournfully)
I'm pretty sure it was George V that stated the war never would've been allowed if Victoria was alive
Yes, I’m sure she gave them a good stern talking to about how empire building is only for grandmama
You know shit got real when Montenegro joins the war
yes
Surprised they didnt sleep through all of it.
Fuckers killed a samurai in a duel.. Austrio-Hungary was trembling in fear
7:17 Fun fact, it was the British who intercepted the telegram and were in a quandary on how to release it. You see the British had severed Germanys international cables at the start if the war so Germany was using the American telegraph cables to send the message. They were allowed to use these by the Americans because Wilson thought they would help him to end the war by communicating with the Kaiser.
Unbeknownst to both parties the UK had tapped the cables and when the telegram was sent and intercepted, didn't know quite how to show it to the world. If they did it would be not only admitting that they had broken the code which would cause the Germans to change it but would also be admitting that they had been tapping America's cables and listening in on them the entire time.
In the end they created a ruse where they claimed to have intercepted the telegram in Mexico which caused the Germans alarm. They didn't even consider the possibility that their codes could have been broken and instead started a witch hunt in the German embasy in Mexico for a spy.
lmao nice
Wanderer628 that's so interesting!
Well I think the world would appreciate more isolationist foreign policy from US nowadays, since they don't seem to be able to stop interveing in every matter on every corner of the globe after WW2 ended.
Andrew Mitchell I feel like things would’ve went better for all if America supported the Central Powers
@Stephen Jenkins dude ı am from a muslim country and usa fighting for few is not really true ı give you that but dude like usa bein vital for "stability" really ?! you know what america did to arab nations like egypt they helps cici a dictator than they helpd saddam and then attacked them and made ıraq suffer then they destabilized syria and libya yes libya was a dictatorship but their economy was good and if they stayed on the line everything was fine and afghanistan like wtf usa fucking decimated the country do you think that is stability tell me pls and they tried to destabilize my country aswell but they ultimately got defeated is this rights of men and liberty ?
0:23 Ah, yes, the 8th liberation of Alsace-Lorraine.
Only Victoria 2 Players understand.
Or the 7th austro-italian war
9:24 Humorist Dave Barry wrote that the war turned a group of nations that hated each other into a group of nations that REALLY hated each other.
6:17
'Franz Joseph proved that he could actually die'
this is unreasonably funny
Well he was a pretty old bastard
R.I.P
Well he ruled for about 70 years before his death so it makes sense
Entente: I want a dragon !
Santa Claus: be realistic.
Entente: Can you break the deadlock on the western front?
Santa Claus: What color do you want your Dragon ?
Red
Blue
@@robertevbayekha6639 you don’t get the meme…
Ji wants it red, with a black symbol
@@99999bomb can you tell me then?
5:22 ist that indy neidell from "the great war"🤣
I love how the Ottomans lost ww1 but won the one for their mainland like five seconds after
"Austria-Hungary was.. also there." pretty accurate. Gotta give them some credit, they fought their own artillery pretty well. The Hellriegel was actually a cool looking gun. I wouldn't mind having a working model custom made.
My go to gun in BF1!
It was a prototype made in 1918 but it didn't change the fact that it is the most annoying yet badass gun in BF1
@@eges72 nah its aight
lots of bullets but slower TTK, it is reliable but pros can make better use of other SMGs
but SMG08...
"They didn't actually expect Britain to do anything about it"
" *They were wrong.* "
They would've joined eventually due to geopolitical reasons even if Germany didn't invade Belgium.
@@daniel6009 probably due to the fact that either france or Germany was going to succeed in Western Europe and neither were ideal for Britain but Germany winning was especially bad as Germany had the 2nd largest navy
@@tyed6482 Many british and german troops didnt even want to kill eachother
@@ciaran..G yah instead of that they use chlorine gas against russia
@@ariqasadam199 I mean both sides gassed eachother
3:45
Dutch Civilians: Please leave.
German Soldier: So anyways, I started blasting.
Lol how old are you anyway Dutch were neutral during WW1?
Belgium. a citizen of Belgium
This was 10minutes but honestly felt like 2minutes. Occasionally rewatch this and it's good every time.
"Tiny bit assassinated" :D
I know it's morbid and distasteful but I can't help but burst out laughing when a person dies and they just hit the floor with that thud noise it's just perfect
I think it's the point, putting a bit of dry humor into the video
@@robertcrawshaw9978 History Matters is an amazing teacher.
I have been binge watching your videos since yesterday and I gotta say I love your use of maps. Somehow I've always been drawn to maps. I love looking at them. And they offer easy visual representation in matters of war, empires, and stuff.
As someone who has taken classes on this, I have to say you do an amazing job at explaining all of this, and it’s better than a lot of the profs I’ve had. Great job!
"Lots of people died for a whole lot of nothing"
WW 1 as a whole in a nutshell.
World history in a nutshell
@@Alex-oc9pk Gotta love human inability to learn
@@huldanoren951 they call it dumbism
@@Alex-oc9pk they call it insanity
Poland got its independence back, at least.
“As the protector of all slavs” -what about Poland-
Poland is a conspiracy, like rutland
Poor poland
Free Real Estate
What is a Poland?
AUSSIETAIPAN
Poland is a country in central/eastern europe. It saved europe 4 times. Poland is a slavic nation founded by Mieszko I in 966.
3:25 I like how you summed up Austria Hungary and the sight of a soldier looking different ways simultaniusly while saliva is dropping from his mouth.
Lol. Napoleon's potrait at the back in the scenes in the palace looks cool.😂😂
"He managed to get a tiny bit assassinated"
That kind of humour is why I subscribed XD
Ferdinand Foch, commander in chief of the Allied Armies at the time of the treaty of Versaille (June 1919) famously said "This is not a peace. It is an armistice for twenty years" and he was right since Germany began their invasion of Poland in September of 1939.
Wow, he sure wished he was a liar!
Fantastically done IMO.
Thank you, very much for this.
A very good thumbnail of how the war came about and concluded. I am enjoying catching up on your videos.
I'm always impressed with the level of detail in your maps. You even included Cyprus when mentioning Britain, and the Dodecanese when mentioning Italy.
Dodecanese nuts
Tsar nicholas (Tiny bit annoyed) “I Will end you”
Franz Joseph (furious) “quite rude of you”
Kaiser holding the sign "Be Hungry" has me rolling
Such a great video with an high level of objectivity! Thank you
Indy Neidell @ 5:21
Wonderful reporting! Great content!
He managed to get a tiny bit assassinated with the accompanying visual I'm 💀😂😂😭😭😭
"I should go"-Nicholis II
'You know I tell people "I'll talk to you later," but I never do.'- Cmdr. Shepherd
*_I T ' S T I M E F O R W O R L D W A R O N E ! !_*
Bill wurtz reference
The world is about to have a war cause its the 1911 and weapons are getting crazy
japan was wondering if they should take the islands because Britain is at war with Germany because Germany was going to trespass Belgium to kick France’s ass because France was allied with Russia who was going to kick Austria’s ass because Austria wants to kick Serbia’s ass because someone from Serbia shot the leader of Austria’s ass. er, head.
LOL I do that in my history classes at school and nobody even knows where that comes from. (They probably care so little that they don't even know what I'm saying.)
*IT WOULD BE A GREAT WAR, A WAR SO GREAT IT WOULD BE THE WAR TO END ALL WARS*
@@tallerstond8105 JAPAN SHOULD TAKE THE ISLANDS
I love your channel keep up the great stuff!!!
Love the Indy Nidel cameo!
5:23 LMFAO it's Indy Neidell
Welcome to the great war
I saw that too
>Britain lying
Who would have guessed that
Just Vienna - Some dude more recently in da comments section
British history summarized in 1 sentence.
every country lies. what is your point?
Perfidious Albion.
Cry
A brilliantly presented summary of WWI.
This was so well made good job
Man, I can’t wait for the sequel. World War One Part Two seems like it’d be even crazier!
It's the Mongol Empire next then after that it'll be World War 2.
Ten Minute History thanks for letting me know! I’m looking forward to it
@@HistoryMatters we need ww2!
Man I wish there was a world war 2 video
I love that the animator took the time to make the rifles look correct for the respective armies instead of just drawing a generic rifle. Nice little touch.
3:27 It really pays to rewatch these videos and pause a lot. "Austra-Hungary was... also there" wall-eyed drooling A-H soldier pops on screen
7:41 Sums it up nicely
3:27 "Austria-Hungary was ... also there." Ouch.
"The front fell off"
What you did there.
I see it.
Unexpected Australian reference.
Good stuff! TY
You should do more 10 minute videos again, it was a great format
High School Teacher: What was the cause of WW1?
Student: The assassination of Arch Duke Ferdinand?
Teacher: Correct!
Me: That's it??
Teacher: Yes Johnny... That's it.
I see you haven't heard about the war of the bucket... or the war for the bactrian horses!
You mean that a bloke called Archie Duke shot an ostrich cause he was hungry!
'One day the great European War will come out of some damned foolish thing in the Balkans.' - Otto von Bismarck.
The assassin had his reasons. Bosnia had Serbs in it, a lot. And Austro Hungarians especially that Duke were oppressing them.
@@scudb5509 I think that duke wasn't that bad actually. Or did I read wrong somewhere?
Is that Indy telling the Italians, "Good job" ??
Yep
@@themightyranger6321 I wonder what for
@@fralencemelograno kicking out that luigi cadorna idiot from the army and breaking the austrian lines.
Luigi Cardona, just Luigi Cardona.....
@@Edmonton-of2ec Oh God help, the ghost of Luigi Cadorna is my sleep paralysis demon.
you have inspired me to make a history channel thank you will be done in a week
Love your work
Germany:*surrenders*
All of Germany Territorys:I dont feel so good mr stark.
0:38 Napoleon with the photo bomb
6:16 man saw and lived through so much
Well done.
6:01 Romania: "I'm joining the war t...." 2 secs later got conquered.
"Also Franz Josef proved that he could actually die" love the humor in this
"He managed to get a tiny bit assassinated" I spit my soda all over the screen.
Look, all off these videos are gold, but "he managed to get a tiny bit assassinated" has got to be your crown jewel.
I love how Switzerland is just in the middle of the war literally
“Peace will last no longer than 20 years” - Some WW1 General in November 1918
Spark That J ‘this is not an armistice but a truce for the next twenty years’ by Marshall Ferdinand Foch.
Wasn’t it Mackensen who once said something like: „A unfair peace will only end up in another war.“
From some points: what happened after ww1 was kinda predictable... thanks Versailles
In Russia (and Poland) it only lasted for 2
It's not ordinary general it's French one
@@eisenkoenig8324 Thanks Frankfurt Treaty of 1871
I feel like blocks holding a sign saying "Violate Belgium" is underrated
we need a long version of this
*OMG I can't believe they made World War 1 from Battlefield 1 into a real thing! 😂😂😂😂😂*
IKR *WW2 from BFV coming soon*
@Fiasco bruh. This was 8 months ago
@Fiasco still obsessed with "feminists" eh?
BF V sucks IMO,literally one of the worst BF games.
Zqplyn-R6 so?
I like how Austria-Hungary is brain dead at 3:28 :D
I know, I couldn't believe the realism.
More like 3:27
I wonder if that soldier was meant to be someona from 'The good soldier Svejk'.
Santeri Riikonen Maybe it could be him?
@@darthhoovy8332 I don't believe he had a moustache but it's been ages since I read it. :)
I LOVE THIS CHANNEL!!!!!
Awesome 🙌
8:58 Treaty of Sevres: ARE YOU SURE ABOUT THAT?
6:12 Truer words were never spoken.
It really is sad to see how many people died for nothing, let's hope the history never repeats again. Thanks for making this video, it is a helpful reminder of the history events.
In case you wanted to know, the entire world is a massive cluster of many conflicts for not very much
Hoping that history won't repeat itself is hopeless: people never change, their modus operandi do
I read a very well written history article, really more of an opinion piece on the history, that stated that World War I has never REALLY ended. The Treaty of Versailles and the others were badly written. The territories were hacked up and divided along unnatural lines. This made WWII, the Cold War (and all the various kerfuffles of that) and the current situations with Middle Eastern Terrorism virtually inevitable blowback from WWI. This was a decade ago, so Ukraine didn't figure in to the author's opinions, but I'm sure a revision would add in the current Ukrainian war.