Nucleophilic substitution reaction Part 01|| Sₙ1 reactions|

An Sₙ1 reaction (Substitution Nucleophilic Unimolecular) is a two-step process where a nucleophile replaces a leaving group in an organic molecule.
Here’s a simple breakdown for your video:
Sₙ1 Reaction Mechanism:
Step 1 - Formation of Carbocation (Rate-Determining Step):
The leaving group (like a halide ion) breaks away from the carbon atom, creating a positively charged carbocation.
This step is slow and determines the reaction rate, hence called the rate-determining step.
The reaction rate depends only on the concentration of the substrate, not the nucleophile.
Step 2 - Nucleophilic Attack:
A nucleophile (an electron-rich species) attacks the carbocation, forming a new covalent bond.
This step is fast compared to the first one.
Key Points:
Unimolecular: The rate depends only on the substrate concentration, hence the name Sₙ1.
Carbocation Stability: More stable carbocations (tertiary ,secondary , primary) favor Sₙ1 reactions.
Polar Protic Solvents: These solvents stabilize the carbocation and are preferred in Sₙ1 reactions
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