Pulsars and Neutron Stars
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 พ.ค. 2024
- What is the structure of a neutron star? What are these "pulsars" that flicker in the sky? How are they categorized? All these answers in 15 minutes!
0:00 - Introduction
0:57 - Formation of a neutron star
3:50 - An extreme object
5:44 - Internal structure
9:22 - Magnetic field
11:27 - Observations from Earth
14:01 - Conclusion
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Alessandro Roussel,
For more info: www.alessandroroussel.com/en
_
To learn more :
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsar
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron... - วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี
![[TH]FFWS SEA Spring 2024 Final](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/TK2mu-8yBFU/mqdefault.jpg)
The previous version had a small mistake in it, this is the corrected version :)
This video is so epic thanks for making 🍔
you still have mistakes, the car wheel analogy 4:45 os totally irrelevant, you need to specify the wheel diameter to get that speed number, this is not good.
It's to give an order of magnitude. Car wheels are usually of very similar sizes, you'll never have a wheel of 1 centimeter or 10 meters. In astrophysics it's always useful to give orders of magnitude to get an idea of how big / how fast something is, even though the calculation is just an approximation it doesn't really matter
@@alisaied4958 after having watched the complete video this is the only thing that you think it is worth to be commented? Please... The video is awesome
Great job science click
@@alisaied4958 I had the same initial thought, but it has 0 bearing on the explanation, so I discarded it... If you want you can figure out the diameter of the wheel independently, but its inconsequential to the conclusion
Everytime the screen blacks out, I hope that wasn't the end of it. Superb content.
*to understand...*
2021. Do you know how to use a dial phone?
@@n1k32h Dude. In their other videos, the screen doesn't black out as much as it does in this video so I felt weird about this one.
I had the same experience except I was really tired and I finished up blacking out half way through it.
Chick don't know how to use a progress bar 🙄
Once again, I’m speechless. I do not learn as much as from my teachers, parents, or the Internet as you. And I mean it. You should have billions of subscribers. You can change the world with the amount of simple knowledge you give. I’m not a robot as well! I just want to say: thank you so much for these videos. Do not stop making them! Thanks again!!
@Peachiz :)
@Peachiz same, these are the best.
You're a robot
@@nihil_._sum no I’m not :(
Well said!!!
Never stop using this background music bc its awesome
It's the same music they play when you travel through a black hole
You need a better music!
What is the music ?
@@Epoch11 Yeah, that is the first video I watched on his channel. The music was SOO fitting!
7:45 Kudos to the scientists who came up with easy-to-understand name of the layers of a neutron star.
Plot Twist: it was Garfield
Some think Science is a sterile subject, but videos like this send a chill down my spine, as deeply hidden truths about the Universe we live in are revealed, one layer at a time, through the sum total of human scientific endeavor, that brought us to this moment in time, where such deep knowledge can be shared to all who would just stop and take a moment, to listen and learn. Thanks ScienceClic, channels like this, present the good side of an online and connected world.
I alwais think that all of the laws of physics are the way for the univers to be conscious and not collapse on itself , making us able to experience reality and be conscious about it
th-cam.com/video/tCNH7YcsS5I/w-d-xo.html
It’s what made me realize there is no way it’s just an accident. There had to be someone who made it all. He answered me shortly after. God is real, and He reveals Himself as He chooses. He revealed Himself to Abraham and all of his descendants. Now we look His creation in the face and have the gall to say “what God?” To me it’s not too wild a stretch to say that there is an intelligent creator God, Holy in nature so we cannot be in His presence without dying because of our filthy selfish natures. Yet he decided not to leave us to that state but reach out to us. To become flesh and die the most painful death imaginable just to save anyone who believes and abides in Him. Every action has an equal opposite reaction. You sin, you pay the price. So the price had to be paid. He paid it so we can live. It’s not such a stretch to me, that the one who is Himself morality is the one who dictates what is and is not good. The study of science has often been pioneered by believers striving to know more of the nature of God. It’s not a stretch that the humans He made in His image (relational intelligent beings) would want to know more about Him, given the chance. Thanks to anyone who read this. Here is a flower 🌸 Jesus loves you ❤
That music though... Love it! The sound you hear before your mind explodes!
The quality of these videos man, I can't wait for this channel to explode in popularity.
A notification from this channel makes my day 10x better
I was following this channel for mostly things like understanding quantum physics and relativity, but It covers topics like outer space too, which I love. So glad I found this content. Keep up the great work!
Your explanations in conjunction with visual are genuinely outstanding
A concept is said to be well understood when you can "visualize" it. The animations in this video definitely help understand the concept very well. Thank you. Please keep making such videos!
It is just so fascinating to know that pulsars can speed up in almost an instant because the surface falls down a few MICROMETERS because of the lag of centrifugal force.
It's just conservation of angular momentum. As the mass shifts closer to the center of the pulsar it's moment of inertia decreases, therefore it must spin faster to conserve angular momentum.
@@isaiahphillip4112 What?
@@ozAqVvhhNue I was explaining why the stars rotating increases as the surface collapses.
@@isaiahphillip4112 What?
@@ozAqVvhhNue a good way of understanding what he's saying is to sit in a spinning chair. Hold equal weights in your hands and start spinning. Hold the weights out away from you as far as you can, and then pull them into your body. You'll notice the speed at which you rotate increases based on the distance the weight is from your centre. You don't have to use weights but it'll demonstrate the conservation of angular momentum better.
Everything in this video is perfect. From the visuals, voice over, the music ,and its all beautifully strung together. I had a slight headache prior to watching this video, and now its completely gone. These videos are therapeutic to the mind ~~ and I'm being serious!
Bro! This is Incredible. The best teaching method I have ever seen. You start at the beginning and walk us through. Why don’t main stream cosmologists think of this when teaching on TH-cam.
You’re a diamond in the rough. Please keep it up.
I love this channel.
We researched, explained in a plain language we can all understand and excellent graphics.
This is perfect for a lay person with an interest in astronomy like myself.
Great stuff!
your videos are both enlightening and hypnotic. absolutely incredible work.
12:15
Man, there is just so much incredibly intresting stuff in that video
So the very fast rotation speeds don't just come from the initial angular momentum the star had before it went supernova, but from a secondary star? This is such a fascinating effect, if you take the baricenter of the system as a refernce frame, then the star, less dense, has matter with a much higher potential energy than the pulsar does, so when the mass of the star somehow ends up absorbed by the neutron star, it has the same effect as an ice skater pulling their arms together, just on an insane level because of the density of the neutron star
And therefore, the entire kinetic energy of the orbitting pair (given the star ends up colliding with the neutron star), is entirely converted into an insane ammount of angular momentum, it's literally the spin that was in the orbit of the matter in the star that becomes the spin of the pulsar
But this also raises a question, if a neutron star is formed, then later collides with a main sequence star in this manner, chances are the collision won't happen in the original spin axis of the star, so what happens then? Does the star have the "rigidity" to somehow change it's entire spin axis at the mergure of the two, or can you have a scenario where the core of a neutron star, formed from it's original star, has a different axis of rotation than it's outer layer, formed from absorbed matter that came from another star?
That visualisation at 11:25 11:30ish is sooooooo good hats off to the editor. Looks like pulsars are like galactic lighthouses.
At around 10:00, you speak about the effects such a strong magnetic field has, but it remains confusing, if you think this is a worthy topic, what would you think about a video that explains the interractions of the electro magnetic field with spacetime? How are the two related, how do they interract, and how do strong ammounts of distubances in those fields affect the other (ie: do large ammount of currents or magnetic fields have an effect on spacetime? Do strong ammount of gravity have an effect on the EMfield or electron field?)
This would make for a very intresting topic on the fundamental workings of the universe
That would be a short video, because magnetic fields do not warp space time
Mass does
@@Meowface. Correct me if I'm wrong but aren't magnetic fields made out of electrons? And electrons do have mass, so I don't see how they can't alter space time
I have the same question, I was wondering if space time has properties which has tiny magnetics with north and south poles (could be higgs boson), the connection within those particles are spread evenly and creates elasticity and pressure properties in space time which creates gravity by squeezing the subatomic particles to one another, in the case of magic field, I think the star twist these particles creating a tornado, aligning these particles in one direction creating a giant magic field.
The particles that generates gravity and magnetic field are the same, but the effects caused by different forces are caused by the properties of space time in large scale.
@@loljptrollergami7325 he is right, the star is very dense and the rotation is so fast that space time can't pass straight through it, I can tell because the differences of the axkes within rotation and magnetic field.
This lovely channel your explanations and animations are damn good
This channel gives proper idea about things we understand only vaguely. Can't thank you enough for this content
"This channel gives proper idea about things we understand only vaguely. "
Yep, exactly
My background is not in astrophysics, but I am sure that anyone would get an even better intuitive understanding of these phenomena than someone studying the physics without this visual aid would, I hope physics teachers that teach those subjects start showing those videos to their students, only good can come out of a greater understanding of physical pheonomena in general, especially from the future experts themselves
@@anonymous-rb2sr precisely man
Finally a clear and easy explanation to understand about Pulsars that I was looking since a long time. Thanks for that 🙏🏻
VERY IMPRESSIVE!👍
Only astronomical magazines have given me such an in depth, yet a very understandable narrative on pulsars.
Oh, and such a great and responsible use of CGI imagery.
Sir now please start mathematics of quantum field theory 😀
Outstanding work and explanation! In my opinion, this is the gold standard for educational videos.
I have watched countless videos in search of answers concerning every single thing that you explain in this video! There are a myriad of videos explaining the topics you've covered that never answered my curiosities nor explained in detail some of the most basic technical questions I had. But you did, and you did it with flair and eloquence and explained it with technical prowess (making it easy for me to understand). And it was all done with absolute sound doctrine. Thank you for keeping this video up for 2 years, if that was when you posted it, because TH-cams algorithms recommend this video and I'm glad it did! It was a beautiful marriage of intellect coupled with animation that proved that some people truly hit their calling.
This is the most deepest learning of the pulsar I have ever seen. I thought I knew a decent amount about pulsars but this video took it so much deeper. Thank you.
100/100 animation, I haven't seen such great representation of complex difficult to imagine scenarios.
This is the best science channel out there, thank you so much for your dedication to learning and teaching in such an understandable way
Great video science click!! Please continue with this job! I will try to make your channel more famous by sharing your videos everywhere, this channel has such a big potential and you should have million subscribers.
Best regards from spain
Thank you very much !
i would definitely love to learn more about the extreme light splitting magnetic fields
It's a phenomenon called vacuum birefringence, due to polarization of the quantum vacuum under strong magnetic fields. This is still little known but it has been measured experimentally to some extent around the neutron star RXJ1856.5-3754
Love the background music 🤩
Your videos contain plenty of information and answer some questions that I had for a long time and the animation just beautifully completes it, making it easier to understand :)
Excellent animation. Thank you!
This summarizes up all the contents one can learn from an introductory course of astrophysics about neutron stars.
This is exactly what I was looking for. Just perfect.
This is by far the most elaborated video I've seen, briefly covering every topic one could find in tens of other different sources, while also being quite accurate. Astonishing!
Very glad you liked it 🙏
@ScienceClic English I really enjoy every your video! Thank you so much for providing such high-quality content 😌
This channel is a treasure
@ScienceClic English Thanks for gathering so much in-depth and exact data to explain such exotic events. Your videos are priceless! There are many science channels, but very few are at this high level. Thanks for sharing your knowledge and making youtube a more interesting place! :)
Amazing content as usual! Also your explanation to complex subjects is incredible. Keep up the good work.
Another nice video, I keep rewatching these because of how good and intuitive animations are!
This is probably the most expertly explained video on youtube.
This channel has a unique way of presenting science in simple way with addition of something extra making me learn something new where I do not see such information on other channels. However what I love is the choice of music which is consistent across the channel, at first it starts as relaxing music and then suddenly gets serious when it gets to main content. I subscribed.
God tier quality again. I'm so impressed with the animations and want to learn them. May you get your own documentary one day!
maaaaan!, neutron stars are my main interest as a PhD level student, I wish professors showed such intuitive visualizations when i was learning the topic, AMAZING!
The animations and the explanations are great. Thank you!
I SO love this channel! I have learned SO from this channel! Keep up the amazing work guys!
This is one of the best videos on this subject. I’ve read all these exotic terms in books but the animation helps explain them very clearly!!
Whatever you do....... DON'T CHANGE THAT BACKGROUND MUSIC!
Could any one tell us what music is this?
Your videos are impressive. The explanations, the animations, everything is perfect. Clear and enjoyable. Hats off!
bro ,honestly these videos are absolutely amazing ,so detailed and easy to understand
God nothing is more fascinating than space, excellent video my friend
You are going to have millions of subscribers one day.
Absolutely love the content you are making... can't appreciate your hard work enough... you're so cool man.
This channel is a gold mine
This channel has been recently my favourite one in terms of knowledge . You really provide a interesting explanation of complex topics while keeping their complexity as in case of Quantum Physics and theories.
this channel is really pure gold. please do not quit Sir
Very user-friendly presentation. Nicely done.
This video has a bigger 'HOLY SHIT' factor than most cinematic movies out there
One of the best explanation on Pulsars and neutron stars. Highly appreciate for your effort.
Fabulous clarity. Loved it. Many thanks!
just found this channel and I am consistently blown away by just how amazing these videos are!!!!! I am in awe
Plusar star mentioned in holly Quran 1400 years ago. By man who can t read or write his name his Muhammad peace on him. God inform him that
Some of the best explanations and animations on TH-cam this is one of the best channels out there
The "metronomic" pulsar's frequency matched the BPM of the background music!
Thanks for the rare details with animation. Didn't expect this much nice content.
you should get rid of that white bar at the top, it's a distraction from the amazing animations. there's really no need for it. respect for the effort you put into these ;)
Very nice work brother. I have now cleared my doubts about neutron stars, magnetar and pulsar. Thank you very much.
The graphics in your videos are incredible
These things are utterly mind-boggling, that such extreme objects exist...
I love how you describe the Pauli Exclusion principle by ‘the simple fact that they mustn’t overlap’ because indeed it is more a statement about the conservation of information than something inherently physical: two objects can’t become one object on a logical level because then their individualities would vanish, deleting the information of their history. Put another way, if two objects occupy the exact same state, there’s no way to tell whether it’s one object or two, which introduces an ambiguity in the physical model. It goes without saying, for those who have understood this far, that this doesn’t apply for bosons, which are basically magic, hence everything swallowed by a black hole becomes light-like, and hence as well the information paradox Hawking solved.
How did Hawking solve the information paradox? All I understand about hawking radiation is that matter/antimatter particles can be spontaneously created in high electromagnetic energy fields, and sometimes the antimatter falls into the black hole causing it to lose mass and emit energy. How do bosons and preservation of information play into that?
How is it even possible for black holes to emit energy? How come there's an event horizon for light, but not magnetism? Too many questions, I feel like I'm in the stone ages compared to everyone else.
@@Verify110 I was just remarking on my appreciation for the interpretation of the exclusion principle from logic rather than physical mechanistic explanation -- although both are present I personally believe the former responsible for the later.
You don't seem far behind everyone else. I will try to answer your 4 questions in order.
1. We still don't know how GR and QM intermingle within black holes and on the horizon, but the solution I was referring to was how BHs can conserve the information they feed on via Hawking radiation.
2. The interesting thing here is that BHs form when gravity overpowers the exclusion principle. The energy density forces fractional spin particles to combine into integer spin particles. Yet there are multiple ways to make an integer, e.g. 1=1/2+1/2=1/3+2/3... So the information contained in the kinematics is typically conserved by emitted radiation. BHs however steal all the information, which, as you say, Hawking figured out how to retrieve via his radiation.
3. Hawking radiation. Again, this isn't the whole story, but it's as much as we have well worked out. If you want more, look into ER=EPR.
4. Magnetism is merely relativistic charge, which together constitute what electromagnetic radiation looks like from various reference frames. So the event horizon for light IS the event horizon for magnetism. Generally though, the BH's event horizon is an event horizon for everything, not just light. Actually this channel can explain it better than I if you watch their latest video.
I get inspired by every shot in your video. Thank you!
I'm extremely amazed by your explanations.
That’s a beautiful channel, my favorite as of today, and that supernova! Masterpiece
i still can't believe it took over 8 months for the algo to rec this channel to me consider my love of physics videos
just outstanding work, scripts and animation both
Thank you! I been looking for a video that I haven't seen yet on the topic
As a man with a fetish for all this pulsar, magnetar and neutron star, I watch almost everyYT presentation which offers any insight into their origins, behaviour and composition.
This is brilliant
You guys are the best science channel on youtube! Yes, even better than that german artsy one.
Really good explanation graphics everything just wow
This is incredible! Thank you so much, for the couple minutes of enlightenment!
Once again you impress me with these spectacular videos! Great as always
this is a phenomenal material, really helped me with my astronomy project. I hope that it will get the praise it deserves. Great job and thank you!
This is the most underrated channel on TH-cam in any genre
11:15 your animations are just beautiful
Thank you 🙏
I smell A.I. active in scenic clic videos.
Or maybe you are a great teacher.
either way these videos are breathtakingly amazing.
This is the BEST video explaining PULSARS & NEUTRON STARS.
Always great videos
Honestly I was always jealous of people who are younger and yet more successful than me; and I think you take the cake on that. Obtained a master's degree at a prestigious college (not to mention achieving Summa cum laude on all diplomas) and doing so many stuff like astrophysics, graphics and animation, music, web development.... I hate you.
Keep up the great work! This channel is only just beginning with it's soon to be millions of subscribers! My respects man!
The visuals you made are awesome! Have to give you praise-
Subscribed to your channel couple years ago. Really like your videos. Great content, professional, entertaining and informative, top quality stuff. 👍👍
I have always been intrigued by neutron stars...the magnetism & gravity of these stars are off the charts!!!!
What a fantastic explanation and wonderful animations!
Brilliant really well put together, I learnt a lot more from this one small video than from any other thanks.
Thank you for posting this :)
richard feynman would be proud. he expained things simply.
it blows my mind how people even understand how this stuff works.
This is where the funding of basic research is vital. There is NO useless scientific information. Basically, the scientist makes a theory based on basic principles, and then the researchers try to find phenomena that match that theory. At the same time, other researchers are trying to find other phenomena that go against the original theory. When you have more A than B, then you have a successful theory.
Unbelievable video, mate. Visuals are outstanding.
Very comprehensive. Nicely done.
Amazing video!👍 Thank you!🔥🙏
Your videos are amazing. I hope to see explanations about the new discovery of the Muon Anomaly.
Very nice video to learn many things with very good background music!
Please also make a special video on various fields used in physics making them visualised.