DIY sensitive Arduino Induction Balance Metal Detector with Discrimination (15cm to 50 + cm)
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 30 ก.ค. 2021
- This project is sponsored by PCBgogo:
www.pcbgogo.com/promo/from_Mi...
This time I will show you how to make a sensitive metal detector also capable of discriminating between ferrous and nonferrous materials. The sensitivity is satisfactory, given that it is a relatively simple device. This is a continuation of David Crocker's project presented at the Arduino CC Forum in 2013. I decided to test its code because I did not find any evidence (Picture or video) that this metal detector was made by anyone and works well.
First I made a basic version with the code presented on GitHub, to make sure of the functionality of the device and then I upgraded the code so that it has an audible signal, and on a 16 on 2 LCD display visual information about the type of object detected (Ferrous or nonferrous material) and LCD bar graph for the proximity of detected objects.
The device is very simple to build and consist of only a few components:
- Arduino nano microcontroller
- Operational amplifier (in my case LT1677, but you can use TL081 or 741 )
- Few resistors and capacitors
- Small transistor and speaker
- LCD display
- 3 switches
- Potentiometer
- Batteryes
- And search coils
This is a VLF (very low frequency) Induction Balance detector technology and contains two identical coils: transmitter and receiver coil. As with all induction balance detectors, coil balance is very critical. The potentiometer is used to zero the small 90 degrees out-of-phase component of the signal. (the in-phase component is nulled by adjusting the relative placement of the coils in typical IB-detector style). Each of the coils is wound on 11cm body using 64 turns of 0.5mm^2 enameled copper wire in a D shape, wrapped tape around them, screened them using aluminium foil bound with tinned copper wire (taking care to leave a small gap so that the screen doesn’t behave like a shorted turn), and tie-wrapped them on to a plastic plate.
We first need to determine the parallel resonant frequency of the primary coil-capacitor circuit using one of the many online calculators. I measured it with an oscilloscope, but if you adhere to the dimensions given above, it will be exactly 7.64 kHz, so you can directly enter the value given in the code.
As you can see in the video, the results are surprisingly good. Without the presence of a metal, device is perfectly stable. The range is relatively large and for example a metal cover with a diameter of 15 cm is detected at a distance of more than 30 cm. Larger metal objects are detected at distances greater than 40-50cm. We can detect small coin at distance of 15cm in the air. I use two lithium batteries for power supply which are connected in series (7.4 volts) and this voltage is connected to the Vin input of the Arduino. Consumption does not exceed 20mA so batteries last a very long time. The video describes in detail the construction of the entire device.
These are only preliminary results. There is a possibility to significantly improve the sensitivity by inserting a power MOSFET transistor for driving the Tx coil, but I will test and present it in one of the following videos.
Detailed instructions, schematic, and Arduino code at:
www.hackster.io/mircemk/diy-s...
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• Homemade sensitive Met...
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Very interesting project.I have to try this
Hi. Great project. I have a question. A see in code this: const int encoderAPin = A1;
const int encoderBpin = A2; What is the encoder function? And how does it works the calibration?
Excellent project.
Have you tried this project?
Awesome! I was about to make this, as I thought I had everything but after taking apart a radio, printer, and irobot charging base, I still don't have all the capacitors. Guess I gotta wait for shipping!
and also, i got another question. i got only 0s on amplitude print on serial port and 45 phase all the time, what could it mean?
Hi, my friend, how can I use this iron and non-iron detection with Arduino for pi metal detector?
What a neat and useful project!
Thank a lot
A fantastic project, congratulations. I have seen other videos of yours and they are very well done. I'll take a cue from you for some of my videos, good job. I subscribe!!!
Thanks a lot
Tell me are there alternatives to the diameter of the wire that can be used instead of the one you used and How many meters of copper did you use?
hi, I got problem with adjusting #define TIMER1_TOP (259) , how did iu determine this?
hi. what material do you make the box from? ABS?...what do you cut it with? ...and what glue do you use?
hello! tell me how to change the tone on the metal detector?
Pretty amazing
Dear friend, please tell me the exact inductance of your coil?
Hi.. how can i use IC2 modul with lcd,
can you help me pls.
Cool, is it possible to make this work with more frequencies than 7.64 kHz? Another question is: If I place ten of these detectors side by side, will one cause interference with the other?
Can you send me the full diagram. I didn't understand how to make a coil wire
Incredible 🔥
Hi please I need the answer quickly do you need TX COIL amplification circuit
Amazing 👍👍
@Mirko Pavleski Finds a large black metal only 2 cm from the coil, but does not see a colored one =(. How to increase sensitivity?
And I don't understand how this 259 value is obtained?
How to calculate it?
Sorry, but this is not my code, I just modify the DC42 code that I find on the Arduino forum. Original code at GitHub: github.com/dc42/arduino/blob/master/MetalDetector/MetalDetector.ino
I have already all the components and gonna try to make this in the next days.
But I have 2 questions if you kindly can clarify:
- what is the purpose of the aluminium foil wrapped around the coils;
- is it important the coils to be made in a D shape, or can they be as well in a O (circular) shape, regarding in either case they are overlapped and you instructed?
Thanks!
The metal detector works well without the aluminum foil around the coils, and theoretically there should be no problem if the coils are round, but I have not tested it.
The purpose of the foil around the coils is so that when the coils are close to the ground, the capacitance between the coils and the ground does not detunes the coils and disturb the balance. There must be a gap in the foil at one point on each coil, so that the foil doesn't act like a short-circuited turn.
You can make the coils round but then when you overlap them the right amount to get them to balance, they won't fit on a circular plate.
Hey! Nice project. I am making this metal detector but I don't get any good results as yours. Do you have any detailed explanation of the circuit? Do we change TX signal's phase with potentiometer or RX? From the circuit, TX (from potentiometer's wiper) and RX signals meet at one point and then goes to op amp. Do the signals sum up or what?
The circuit is OK, you should pay the most attention to the mutual placement of the two coils, on which the sensitivity of the detector depends the most
@@MirkoPavleskiMK Thanks for the answer. Should both coils wrapped and placed in the same direction?
How did you Program Arduino nano software
Hello dear,
One more question please🙏
Since we are connecting the Aluminum Foil to the shield of the cable!
Where we have to connect the other end of the cable shield?
On ground (negative battery pole)
@@MirkoPavleskiMK Thanks 😊 👍
awesome good job
Hello, I am sorry again 😊 but may I know what is the top switch (on/off) on the left side of the RV for?
Thanks a lot.
Sound(Speaker) ON/OFF
@@MirkoPavleskiMK Thanks a lot 😘
Hi sir
Iwant to aske about the diameter of wire that you used
You said 0.5mm^2
Do you mean by this number the aria of wire or radius???
I mean what is the radius of wire that you used....??
2nd question
How i can increase the range of detection for this project
Many thank sir
The diameter of the wire is not critical, in my case is 0.5mm^2 (aria of wire). You can increase the range by adding a Mosfet transistor on the primary coil but I need to test
Nice video my friend!
Много добър резултат!Ще следя с интерес !
Hello dear
Which plastic sheet was used to make the machine?
Please reply
Thanks.......
PVC plastic with thikness of 1cm
I am with this project and use an operational LF357N, it works much better. I also added a 2n2222 transistor (same as the audio output), to an IRFZ44 and I improve but it detects a coin at 6cm, no more. I tuned the coils to 7.82khz with an online calculator.
I do not know what else to do. It works but it lacks power.
Try fine-tuning the coils
Thank you for this video,B)
sir, you make demostration 9 min but building is very short and only photo, not a video. why. really why.
شكرا الله اكبر على عمل جميل
Hello, I am very interested in this project, I just want a clear picture of the schematic please, I want the values of the resistors and capacitors used and the value of the battery please.
www.hackster.io/mircemk/diy-sensitive-arduino-ib-metal-detector-with-discrimination-b55e9d
Hi, I have a question, I have the arduino Uno R3 can I use same code and components? thanks
Yes, you can use arduino uno
Hi, friend. Please tell me, bad instinct, aluminum can 2 cm from the coil, what am I doing wrong? And another question, how to calculate the parameter #define TIMER1_TOP (259), how can I get the desired value, not 259?
The most important thing is to adjust the coils to a precise distance to be determined experimentally. I also got the value 259 experimentally by increasing or decreasing by a step of 2, until the moment I got the longest distance.
@@MirkoPavleskiMK Finds a large black metal only 2 cm from the coil, but does not see a colored one =(. How to increase sensitivity?
And I don't understand how this 259 value is obtained?
How to calculate it?
@@CaspeR52rus I just builded this circuit but I'm having the same problem as you. Coins get detected at about 5cm. Did you manage to solve this?
A question, the circuit emits a continuous beep beep beep, how to solve this problem? I checked everything and even by calibrating with the push button this "beep beep beep" continues to ring without any particular reaction when passing an object in front of the coil
You need to adjust the search coils precisely until the sound is lost
@@MirkoPavleskiMK you adjust the spacing of the two coils which overlap, or with the variable resistor of 100? because for the moment it does not change anything. thank you
@@MirkoPavleskiMK by crushing the good lights for adjustment it does not give a fixed point, we can hear that it plays but it does not detect metal objects
I did it, 2 problems, range for coin = 5 cm, the discriminator shows nonferous all the time.
Very good man but I didn't see the components specs ,
arduino website link is broken... can you reshare it? I used 0.35mm diameter copper cables 64 turns on 11cm diameter cylinder. is it ok ? or would you add some other components to perfect the circuit?
new link: www.hackster.io/mircemk/diy-sensitive-arduino-ib-metal-detector-with-discrimination-b55e9d
In this part, is it possible to use a roll of 20 mm ^ 2 copper wire, and if the answer is yes, what are the procedures that I have to change, and also tell me why I used 0.5 mm, and does this affect my project? I hope you will answer me I need it quickly, thank you you advance
you can not use roll of 20mm^2 , and 0.5mm does not affect device
@@MirkoPavleskiMK What can I replace a roll of 0.5mm^2 with
Hello, I'm sorry to bother you, tell me can I use a copper wire with a diameter of 0.30 mm, 0.15 ^ 2 x 3.14 = 0.07 mm ^ 2, I saw that in one of the videos
Hello, how are you? Tell me, I did all the instructions in this video, but it was not used correctly. I encountered several problems, including not finding the correct reading on the screen, and not making a sound. I also measured the magnetic pressure of the two coils with a Tesla meter and found it to be within 1.7. , knowing that my installation of the electrical elements is 100% correct, can you help me, thank you
1,7 for teslametre
Plus I couldn't find the balance and apply it to the screen
Merhaba metalleri taniyormu
Is signal on the Tx coil a squarewave or something else?
signal on the Tx coil is a squarewave
@@MirkoPavleskiMKThanks for reply, cool project. Subscribed
More precisely, the signal output from the Arduino is a square wave. The transmit coil and the capacitor in parallel with it form an LC circuit which should be tuned to the same frequency. Then the signal across the transmit coil will be close to a sine wave.
Can you send me the full diagram. I did not understand how to make the coil
.......
can i use the LM324? (only one AO)
Yes
Hi
This system may be installed 1meter by 1meter coil ???
I have not tried it yet
FANSTASTIC PROJECT THANKS .BUT I WOULD LIKE TO KNOW the exact inductance of your coil
The inductance of the coils is not critical. It is important that they are identical, and then find the correct distance between them. That's the hardest part of the setup
Ben üniversite projesi için 2 ay uğraştım ve doğru konumu bulmak çok ama çok zor
Hi,
How do you differentiate (detect) ferrous and non-ferrous?
Through signal phase analysis
You say "Each of the coils is wound on 11cm body using 64 turns of 0.5mm^2 enameled copper wire in a D shape" but that coil looks like it was wound on something considerably larger than 11cm (little over 4") in diameter... please verify this is correct since I hate wasting wire... especially with 64 turns times 2.
One of your other earlier detectors used 24 turns on an 8" core (20cm), and that 'looked right' in the video
I confirm that the coils are 11 cm in diameter
Can lm358 be used as a replacement op amp?
LM358 is dual op amp, yes you can use it
@@MirkoPavleskiMK do you happen to know the output range of rx coil, i wanna know the upper limit as I plan on using a different method skipping the opamp
@@knowurself4999 Resonance frequency is about 7KHz
Great job in the air.
But the real problems is the job under the soil.
Hello, what is the reason for this error?
...............LcdBarGraph.h: No such file or directory............
You need to install LcdBargraph Library
9:53 se ve usando un mosfet y en lo demas ya no se ve eso?
At first I used Mosfet for testing, but later as you can see in the final diagram, there is no Mosfet transistor.
MISO and MOSI are wrong pins are 11 and 12 not 14 and 15
I set up the circuit but it didn't work. The wiring diagram is different from the video. I can't see clearly the circuit in video and i can't understand what's the problem about my circuit. Can you please help me?
I just checked the wiring diagram a few times and I can assure you that it is OK. The video device is made exactly according to this diagram. You need to pay close attention to the placement of the coils, as this is crucial for proper operation.
@@MirkoPavleskiMK There is one button in wiring diagram but there is total 3 buttons in video. I can't see where did you connect the other 2 buttons. (Like I didn't see on-off button)
Also in 8:55 there is 3 copper wire. Where do I have to connect these wires? Please help
on/off switch is under LCD, green button is Calibrating, and another switch I add for on/off for Speaker
@@ceyyssworld Third Brown wire is Ground, and you don't need it
can i get help
؟؟؟؟
Code and Schematic plize pro
www.hackster.io/mircemk/diy-sensitive-arduino-ib-metal-detector-with-discrimination-b55e9d
@@MirkoPavleskiMK thank you so much sur 😘
هناك شيء مخفي ارجو التوضيح
sir plz make mppt Solar charge controller plz 🥺
I am very upset with you, in the diagram you propose there is no longer the 0.47 ohm resistor as in the original github diagram
I present to you a circuit diagram and a project based on the unfinished project of GitHub. So my circuit diagram and code is completely fine, tested and works as you can see in the video.BTW, What you see on the original GitHub diagram is "or 47 " not "0.47".
😍＋🔉🔊🎼🎵🎶＝👍
hello code
www.hackster.io/mircemk/diy-sensitive-arduino-ib-metal-detector-with-discrimination-b55e9d