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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 27 ส.ค. 2024
- Panzer Killers - 3rd Armor in the Ardennes (Battle of the Bulge)
Part of Armoured Actions Week on WW2TV
• Armoured Actions Week
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Daniel P. Bolger, a retired U.S. Army lieutenant general, was a combat commander in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. A top graduate at The Citadel and the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College, Bolger earned a PhD in history from the University of Chicago. His military awards include five Bronze Star medals (one for valor) and the Combat Action Badge. He teaches history at North Carolina State University.
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The Panzer Killers: The Untold Story of a Fighting General and His Spearhead Tank Division's Charge into the Third Reich by Daniel P. Bolger
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Hi, Paul Woodadge, WW2TV host here - General Bolger sure was an outstanding guest. If you have enjoyed this show, please don't forget to click like, leave a comment for other viewers and if you have not done so already please SUSBSCRIBE so you don't miss our next streams. You can also become a member of this channel and support me financially here th-cam.com/channels/UC1nmJGHmiKtlkpA6SJMeA.html. Links to any books discussed, WW2TV merchandise, our social media pages and other WW2TV shows to watch can all be found in the full TH-cam description. Lastly, my own book Angels of Mercy is always available online - more info here www.ddayhistorian.com/angels-of-mercy.html
I recommend Blogger's book Death Ground very. Good too 😅
Gen Bolger's first book Dragons at War is well worth a read. It's an account of his battalion's experience at the National Training Centre in the early 80s. As a series of observed and recorded 'force on force' exercises, it's a battle history from both sides and the 'dead'. One event is straight out if Duffer's Drift...
My Grandfather (Joseph "Joe" W. Ellis) was a half-track driver with the 36th AIR, 3rd Armored Division in WWII. He told many stories. He lost all of the original Infantry Squad mates...all the rest were replacements. He also recalls that the Battle of the Bulge was the coldest he'd ever been! He was born and raised in Chatfield, Minnesota!
Outstanding. "Minnesota cold" puts the Ardennes weather in perspective. My uncle was a USCG XO on the Eastwind, a new combat capable icebreaker in 1944, captured an icebound German weather ship off Iceland which was keeping the German's intelligence people informed of those important weather fronts which aided the staff planners in timing the initial assaults in unflyable weather. Losing that weather ship had its effect on German planners. There's a really nice side to that action. The captain of the weather ship chose to surrender to save his crew, but he told my uncle that he needed some time to "put things in order" before he COULD surrender. Somehow he was able to communicate that what he meant, that he needed to disarm the SS contingent whose orders were to blow up the ship, fight to the death. The crew was successful at that necessary detail. Nobody killed. Navy Cross to him and his Chief Petty Officer who was a German American and was fluent. That ship was sailed into New London and recommissioned as a U.S. weather ship in 2 weeks. Lotta moving parts in "combined arms."😅
I have a picture of Victor in front of a 1/2 track with a Thompson,,I believe he was on a quad 50 vehicle,command b Task Force Richardson
I'll have to check to see which unit my father was with. He was a half-track (sergeant so vehicle commander?). He may well have known your grand dad. I'm living in Germany 20-30 miles from the 3rd Armored assault path to Cologne. Everyone talks about Patton's 3rd Army, 1stg Army, 3rd Amored Div. stands out as the equal or better. Got it: 36th Armored Infantry Reg., 3rd Btn, I Co. I'm pretty sure Combat Command B
My great uncle Joe Bowie was 36th AIR. He died on July 11 in Saint Lô.
@@ashleymeggan I appreciate his service! So many amazing young men died fighting to free Europe and the world from evil! Much respect! 🙏✝️🇺🇸🕊️
While I was in the Army at Ft. Bliss from 1977-81, General Bradley had retired there and was being housed by William Beaumont Army Medical Center. But he did make occasional trips down to the main base, and on one of those occasions he came for lunch at our Battalion HQ mess hall. He was in a wheelchair, but still looked alert. He went along to the front of the mess line (RHIP), shaking hands with a few soldiers, and I was lucky enough to be one of them. That was in 1979 or 1980.
Sadly, in 1981 I also marched in his funeral parade. But I've never forgotten shaking hands with a legendary soldier.
Brilliant presentation. Great to see Third Armored get recognition. My dad, a WWII vet, told me about General Rose. My dad’s cousin Tommy Keusch served in Third Armored. He was a mechanic and after the war, owned a successful gas station in Portland, Michigan for many decades.
Gen. Bolger was fantastic. Thank you gentlemen for an excellent presentation and discussion.
Paul I am struggling to find the superlatives to describe today's program. This was one of my favorites that I have seen since finding your channel. Today's broadcast was simply outstanding, with LTG Bolger's knowledge and enthusiasm . You do an credible job of lining up authors, historians, and subject matter experts. Thanks for sharing your passion about WWII and it's smaller details!
You're very welcome. It's shows like today's that I hope will lead to more people becoming Patrons and members
Maurice Rose is a forgotten hero who deserves more attention. I would like to see a movie made about his life but I do not trust Hollywood to do a decent job of it. Perhaps he ought to be memorialized with a US postage stamp.
I was blown away by Daniel's presentation! So detailed, so information-packed, so gritty! This man explains both the big picture and the action from the grunt's perspective in such an entertaining manner! Paul - Please think of a way to get him back!
Knowledgeable guest with a gift for speaking in complete sentences on a subject he clearly understands fully. You could publish the transcript by itself.
So, after top-notch writers and historians, WW2TV brings us know the same quality field players. Top work. LTG (Ret) Bolger brings us most passionately the story of 3AD and MG Rose.
The volume and quality of this channel's content, when taken together, is nothing short of remarkable. Keep it up!
Thanks, will do!
Just watching LTG Bolger stream tonight catching up, I must say Paul this is one of the best guests you have had. No disrespect to anybody else. This is enthralling, such brilliant tactics and facts. Bring Dan back if you can, thanks Paul and Dan, a master class tonight.
I will have Daniel Bolger back, definitely
well said. I completely agree.
General Bolger is an outstanding orator. Extremely informative.
No wonder Bolger made General very clear, succinct and direct presentation!
Good to see Dan on here. I went to the Infantry Officers Advanced Course with him.. He is and always has been a great combat leader!
Best presentation by a guest ever on this channel to date. 👍
That's some high praise there. General Bolger was certainly very very good
Great presentation Paul! Top Shelf Speaker, very articulate and knowledgeable. Gen. Bolger Thank you for your Service to our Nation. Panzer Killers is my next read. All the Best...
Paul you've had some brilliant speakers but General Bolger must rank as one of the best! Absolutely brilliant! I wear my WW2TV T shirt with pride!
Thank you Mark. Yes General Bolger was brilliant
I was in the 2/32 armor 3AD Germany but 33 years later as tank platoon leader in A C and CSC companies. It was an honor to serve in on the. Shoulders of Giants.
Another great show. All the more remarkable to hear an American General saying anything good about Montgomery and the British and Commonwealth efforts during the Battle of the Bulge.
The insight regarding the effectiveness of Thunderbolt & Typhoon ground attack rockets against armour is interesting. Elsewhere, ground attack rocketry is widely reported as ineffective except for breaking morale. The fact that they seldom killed tanks, but stripped them of their infantry, SPGs, half tracks, bowsers, damaged tank radio antenna etc. is an aspect I have not seen mentioned before.
I had a great Uncle who was in the 3rd Armored. I got to talk to him for a whole day about his experiences. I wrote a short history about his time in the 3rd armored.
This is an excellent presentation from someone who knows his subject. It is great to hear from a senior commander that has a very real grasp of tactics at the lowest levels
The original 66mm BAZOOKA (named after a musical instrument) had a hemispherical forward penetrator cup that was squeezed by the HE behind and to the edges of the cup into a long, narrow slug of high-speed metal moving forward into the target armor to punch a rather small hole. It needed to have "overkill" (remaining blast and jet material after passing through the hole) to be able to knock out a tank unless it could set a fire or explosion inside, which was iffy. (In hits by Iraqi RPGs, which use a souped-up version of this weapon as their nose, very few ever penetrated a US M1 tank and even those that somehow did, most did very little damage inside due to the jet being soaked up almost completely by the armor.) The penetration of the 66mm Bazooka was only about 3.5" (+/-0.2") at right-angles and the slope of the later tank frontal armor, as in a PANTHER, meant that the armor, though less than that on the front hull, was increased by the angle that the jet had to penetrate at to over this maximum. Also, if the angle was over 45 degrees or so, the slight delay between the impact that the base fuze of these original weapons going off would sometimes allow the nose of the rocket to glance upward somewhat and the jet only make a long gouge in the armor. (Later RPG weapons had the arming signal sent by a piezo-electric crystal on the tip of the conical windscreen by electrical wires to the base fuze so that the HE went off essentially instantly so that glancing effect did not happen.) The rather poor performance of the 66mm Bazooka in WWII, led to a major upgrade based partially on the German enlarged and more powerful copy called the PANZERSHREK. It had a 90mm rocket and a long conical metal layer instead of a rounded cup, as well as a long conical windscreen on the nose to help with range and to allow the jet, formed by turning the metal cone inside out under the HE blast more time to get focused onto the needle-like jet ("stand-off"), These were greatly improved and could penetrate, on the average, 11.25" of armor steel at right-angles (I do not know if they had the windscreen-tip fuze initiator to stop glancing like the later RPG warheads did). It was used successfully in the Korean War against Russian-built tanks.
My father who served in combat at Salerno and Anzio didn’t hold Mark Clark in such high esteem.
Most GIs of Italian Campaign disliked Clark. He should have cutoff the German 10th Army instead marching into a undefended Rome.
The Hellcat M18 had a kill ratio of over 2 to 1. Tank killers like the M-18 played a significant role in the defeat of German armor especially in and around Noville, just north of Bastogne. "The attack of 1st Battalion and the M18 Hellcat tank destroyers of the 705th TD Battalion near Noville together destroyed at least 30 German tanks and inflicted 500 to 1,000 casualties on the attacking forces, in what amounted to a spoiling attack." --Wikipedia
Hi William, check out Tank Destroyer week th-cam.com/play/PLDG3XyxGI5lBrtQ9o0kTkpBHE35dna9oT.html
And while you are there, don't forget to subscribe please
What a wonderful presentation! My father, Col. W. B. Lovelady led Task Force Lovelady during the Battle of the Bulge and I grew up with annual trips to the 3rd Armored Division annual reunion. I continue to research the 3rd Armored Division in the Battle of the Bulge and am in awe of these very brave men!
He was very important!
General Bolger gives an absolutely amazing and engaging presentation, I could listen to him lecture for hours! I really appreciated his frank assessment of the Allied commanders.
Wonderful!
Indeed. And he's clearly no biased American. Excellent to see an American historian rightly praise Montgomery and rightly criticise Hodges etc.
He wouldn't agree with your spin/slander why don't you repeat to him how "Monty was the greatest allied general" or whatever that happy horseshit is.After he is done reaching for a bucket you'd get a much different answer
@@bigwoody4704 Can we keep the exchanges polite please. In terms of the Ardennes General Bolger did indeed praise Monty and criticise Hodges
@@WW2TV Bolger said Monty was moved over in Bradley's absense.Yes but these two have denigrated the GIs before..They have done so on many boards and they start out slow then it's a shitfest after they get their foot in door.Burns/Lyndon have stated unabated that Monty saved the GIs arses - their words.I'd link that for you but your board won't allow it .You may have read already where I said stop shyting the board up - might want warn the Angels...ya we'll go with that on the other side of the isle
My brother was assigned to the CGSC at the same time as Gen. Bolger. I was gifted with several of his books. Great reads, all of them.
My Fathers cousin Victor was attached to 3rd armored division 36th AIR,...he was KIA Apr10,1945,,I never really knew much about where he was and what he did but this program really shed some light on it..thank you ,,I gotta remember to pick up the Makos book
I do know he was briefly captured,eascaped and at one point took 5 Germans prisoners although I have no idea when it happened
Best guest so far
Woody as a PTO man I am ashamed to say I'd never heard about Gen Rose prior to this excellent session, what a brilliant leader!. Now having gone through this excellent program on Gen Rose I would have said Gen Pollard is an excellent and diligent historian and a great presenter but having now separately looked at Gen Pollard's career I must also say he is clearly a brilliant military leader and an amazing human being. So loved this session! Get him back again as and when you can........thanks once again Woody!
You're welcom
I've already read the book, EXCELLENT READING. If you have ANY inkling of interest in WW2, US Armor or who the leaders where, You need to read this book, LOTS of information bout what the HELL was going on during that time. I thought I knew what was happening/going on at that time. Very detailed and indebt with information. Glad I got to "meet" the author while he was still alive -PRICELESS.
Another excellent presentation, thanks Woody!
History nerd here. This is one of the best micro analysis about bulge formations and tecnical data. Enjoyed. Thanks for the great work.
Wow, thanks!
As MacArthur was fond of saying, “Wars are won on the training fields.” This is reinforced greatly in the case of 3rd AD. Training made them very capable at maneuver and maneuver is the key element in successful armies.
My father was in 5th Corp Artillery in the Ardennes. They fought-off 5 Tiger tanks at 250 yards with 155 mm howitzers. They had to look down the barrel to aim. Thought they were going to be killed or captured, but survived with only poopy diapers. Elsen-born Ridge Battle. He was in the 186th F.A.B. and part of the Assault Force in Normandy (Omaha Beach, 2nd wave).
o7
Paul you keep getting better and better.just outstanding
"Panzer Killers" is a fantastic book. It is riveting and the details about the soldiers' action in battle was incredible.
Awesome. Knowledge and a direct no-bullshit delivery. Bet he was good in the field. Another great guest speaker.
Great show Paul. Sweet having a General present. He sure gets into it. Great show, great knowledge shared.
Back in the day, the U.S. infantry brigade inside the Berlin Wall in Cold War-era West Berlin had a small arms range named for MG Rose near the Wannsee. We would shoot pistols and shotguns and occasionally zero rifles there. Very short range training, which coincidently was the range at which MG Rose was killed.
Excellent Presentation! Wow! My Dad served under Genral Rose for a time.
"Time-On-Target" (TOT) not only tries to get all guns aimed at the same area for high concentration of fire, but attempts to synchronize the time that all of the shells fired by different guns hit that spot. This is somewhat complex because you have to know the exact time of flight of your shell from your gun and get the entire group of guns being fired from various spots to calculate when each had to fire so that the longer range guns fired first then the shorter range guns in a precise sequence so that all of the shells hit at very close to the same instant in time. This will act as a surprise gigantic blast that does not give the enemy being targeted time to react and duck for cover. After this first volley, it could be repeated or the guns told to fire as fast as they could until told to cease fire. The lack of any warning meant that more enemy got hit before they could do anything to protect themselves and thus TOT magnified the effects on the enemy. Not a simple thing, though...
Woody, I learned something about Field Marshall Montgomery that as an American I normally don't hear that he knew his craft. Thanks again.
Excellent episode and another terrific guest !
I remember reading that General Rose was fully involved in Court Marshalling an officer of the armoured division. However, following his death, the proceedings petered out.
Just catching up on these, wonderful presentation!
Thus is just brilliant
Fascinating presentation. Great detail and explanations. Thank you
Glad you liked it!
My father in law was with the 36 th armored infantry regiment attached to the 3rd armored division he survived the war with a bronze star 5 puple hearts and distinguished service accommodation his name was Norbert krusikovski of Chicago
Thanks for sharing
Deeds not Words..the 36thAIR motto
Thats very interesting. My father was in the second battalion HQ company of the 36th armored infantry regiment. I have the personnel directory of the 3rd Armored. I see A Norbert E. Kruczkowski, PFC. His home address was on Cambell Ave., Chicago. This person was in the same exact unit as my Dad, Charles Pawlak Corporal. Could this have been your father in law?
o7
I've read a number of Bolgers books. Dragons at War was excellent.
Outstanding presentation today. This is in the top five of WW2TV presentations. LTG Bolger's ability to talk about doctrine to tactics to leadership issues to pre-war careers and technology. WOW!.
Seriously Excellent. Detailed, Doctrine, Factual.
You two were phenomenal. A lot of times you try to draw your guests out, they don't respond. You two should do a weekly show.
Rose Barracks, Bad Kreuznach, Germany. Named for the beloved commander of the Third ID. I served with the 8th ID at Baumholder in the '60's. At that time, Bad Kreuznach was the HQ of the 8th ID.
Yes, we learn more from mistakes because our victories are a given and thus forgotten
Superb episode. Gen Bolger’s presentation was excellent but the knowledge and diversity he displayed fielding questions set him apart.
Best video IV watched. I was in the 3rd armored division I'm very proud of that.
Loved the video! And Daniel P. Bolger, Thank you for serving!
Finally caught up on this show and all I can say is WOW!!. I have watched so many of this shows and loved so many presentations but this has to rank up as one of if not the best I've seen. Daniel's knowledge is unbelievable, but even better is his ability to get his point across clearly and quickly. This show tied together so much of Battle of the Bulge shows from Dec-Jan. Paul this is a guest that absolutely needs to come back for anything he wants to talk about.
Wow, thank you! And yes the General will be back
Thanks!
Wow, thanks very much
Great video, briliant guest!!! Really interesting watch.
Glad you enjoyed it!
That's what my uncle said too.Being ambushed by a tank or an unseen gun was a big fear for them.
These two guys are perfect examples of victors writing the history of war.
Meaning what exactly?
Ah yes another dumbarse that utter a phase that he is completely clueless of its meaning
@WW2TV Meaning he thinks the losers and their Wehraboo spawn should be given affirmative action 😂
You need to bring LTG Bolger to discuss the "zero-defects" mentality of the U.S. Army during WWII.
I read his highly recommended book How superb to hear him in person ! kudos !
Brilliant presentation, informative and enjoyable.
A good leader doesn't/shouldn't do it all, a good commander knows who on staff CAN do it.
Definite warrior-monk vibe and a fantastic grasp of and ability to intelligently (and relevantly) move easily between the woods and the trees. One caveat is the detailed explanations of what weapons were designed to do (e.g. the 'holy moses' rockets) vs say the more straightforward and broader benefits of in this instance air superiority and not actually needing to hit anything, but still influence enemy behaviour. But that's pedantry, this was great stuff and a pleasure to watch.
Great presentation. Refreshing to hear an American speak positively of Montgomery
My thoughts exactly
Love this channel
Thank you 👍👍👍
really educational and fun
Truly IMMHO This is a watershed lecture looking forward to finding this book and reading it LT Bolger thank you for your service and sacrifice sir
Wonderful!
23:30 one minor correction. The 7th Armored Division was committed to the Battle of the Bulge by Bradley from the beginning(key in the defense of St Vith). long before First Army was put under Montgomery's command.
Yet again a superb show.....the viewings are increasing and deservedly so...well done Woody!
Yep, views are creeping up. Still a long way short of where the guests deserve, but we're getting there
@@WW2TVagreed that the historians/authors are worthy of a huge audience...the only observation I would make is that I have trouble keeping up with them all..and I am retired!! 😃
Awesome just awesome! Great program I learned a lot . Thanks.
Great to hear!
exceptional presentation...I've got a feeling I'm going to buy another book
This one was really good, great channel. Keep them comin
Great topics, please keep it going!
great talk-accurate
I served in the 3AD in the Cold War. Met a lot of WWII veterans later. Thinking of your remarks around 1:08, I remember some of the tankers telling me they were told their short barreled 75's could handle German tanks, and how shocked they were at the results.
The 75 was an excellent HE, but poor AT gun. US doctrine then didn’t promote tank vs tank, emphasizing dedicated AT guns for the job. That’s why the British armored platoons used only one Firefly for AT eventualities, retaining the 75 for the journeyman work. Also, US doctrine was, in mobile combat, “hold ‘em by the nose and kick ‘em in the pants”, according also to my dad, an Army vet of that time.
@@rinathecat6199 That assumption is incorrect lad
Oh? Can you explain yourself?@@gotanon9659
My uncle Bill 2nd LT 3rd Armor infantry was KIA Oct 6, 1944. buried at Arlington, RIP
RIP Bill
Thank You, I've never seen anything but Great content here. This really is exceptional
Wow, thanks!
So glad I found your channel thru the gettyburg museum channel
Welcome aboard Daniel
Good info thanks heroes all.
It was the P51 Mustang that was the best plane to use for any attack from the air.
One of the best yes
Great content ! Keep up the good work
Just ordered this book.
The shear ferocity of the 5 months of fighting on that time line to an entire generation of MEN as fact
Paul this is a really good presentation-authentic and interesting. With my friends have visited Normandy on many times. It took some time for WW2 TV to come along. After reading ‘A time for trumpets’ in the 1990’s I searched for UK contribution to the B of the B but could find hardly anything-probably due to sensitivities continuing from the battle.
After finding your channel I have listened to many of your programmes. Also, informed my friends. This word of mouth may partly account for the rise in your subscriptions that you mentioned elsewhere.
I am of the generation where our father’s fought in WW2. We took them and their deeds for granted. Hopefully can manage to get over for one of your tours one day.
Thanks Peter - most appreciated
Speaking of Bastogne you always hear about the 101st Airborne Division. What about Combat Command B of the 10th Armored Division. There before the 101 and after the 101. Even their commanding general said this and that the 101 could not have held Bastogne without those 10th Armored Tankers. The old infantry vs cavalry (armored) rivalry. That is one of the reasons we still do not have a combat tankers badge. Sad!
Mark Clark was a cuss word in many Texas vets vocabulary as I was growing up.
But the german army that got away while he glory hounded to Rome probably thought better of him.
Along with Fredendall, Clark ranks as one of the USA's most incompetent generals.
Clark has strong competition in that regard, look up General Bragg who Fort Bragg is named after (both of them California and North Carolina)).
Clark still took Salerno,Naples and Rome while monty was stuck in the heel appropriately. Not great but not grate either
@@bigwoody4704
Rambo, a quiz.
Which US general, against orders, instead of encircling the Germans ending the Italians campaign, peeled off to Rome for a photo shoot?
20 points for the correct answer.
Rambo, a quiz.
Which unit was the first to liberate Naples?
20 points for the correct answer.
The photo on the right is not HVARs. You can see that the warheads have a larger diameter than the motors. The HVAR had a constant diameter.
My father introduced me to Maj Gen Ernie Harmon, cmdr 2nd AD in WWII. Yup, “Old Gravel Voice”.
This debunks the myth that monty didnt know how to handle armor andact fast enough
Q: Why did British Commonwealth troops in WWII love American equipment? A: they were always on a long supply chain and having robust and easily serviceable equipment is a dream. Look at the Panzer commanders on the Russian Front and you realize just how much the Wehrmacht suffered from temperamental equipment that you couldn't easily service on the front. American material superiority during WWII was as much predicated on robustness and serviceability as from sheer output. Our supply lines to both the European and Pacific theaters of war was obscene. Only Great Britain projecting power into the western Pacific in 1945 came close to the difficulty that the United States faced from December 7th, 1941 onwards.
To be fair, the overwhelming vast majority of German equipment was not finicky and unreliable. Even with armour, over 80% of what the Germans built were not the big cats. 80% were lighter than the Sherman, and quite reliable. Even the Tiger did not have a terrible operational average overall, for a heavy tank (65%-70% according to Tom Jentz in Germanys Tiger Tank) and could be repaired and overhauled by the front line battalion workshops. The reliability dwindled very low in 1945 but that also applied to the more simplistic Stugs and Panzer IVs. All German armour types suffered a low operational rate in 1945 when Germany ran out of spare parts and recovery and repair personnel and vehicles etc.
British troops did not care where the equipment came from. The British troops wanted Churchill tanks as they were roomy and well armoured. It was decided that Britain would take a lot of Sherman tanks, as the US was throwing them at the British, as they making them on car production lines. So the British used its steel, which was not plentiful, for building ships, military and merchant, rather than tanks, in preparation for exterminating the Japanese. The Mulberry harbours took a large volume of steel, and pretty well took up all the county's concrete production. After WW2 it was realised they made too many ships. But that is being wise in hindsight.
British supplies from he USA in WW2 was ~11%, mainly raw materials and machine tools.
- _British War Production_ by Postan, 1952.
Britain imported less in 1942 than in 1938.
The British Commonwealth fielded more divisions than the USA in WW2, which were greatly spread out. They had to be equipped, Britain's trading empire was used, of which the USA was a part of. Many US industries were actually owned by the British. British plane factories were working 24/7, so they used idle US industry to make a plane for them - that is how the Mustang came about.
@@johnburns4017 My basic point was that one of the great advantages the US had over the Wehrmacht and Imperial Japan was the fact that field serviceability for US equipment dictated by the contracts the US War Department made before WWII paid dividends. In the Pacific campaign the only fully fit dry dock on the Pacific Ocean was Bremerton, Washington. The rest we had were stretched between Norfolk, Virginia to Long Island Sound. The topic of this video was US Armored in WWII. When the Stuart came into service with the 8th Army they called it the Honey. The P-51 Mustang first came into service with the RAF and by D-Day it had very many squadrons equipped with them. Do you not think they loved that aircraft? Not that American equipment was the best and the most technologically advanced always, but robustness and serviceability is always a huge plus. That was my point.
What I meant by fully fit dry dock was warship construction dry docks. Many times in the Pacific War the only dry dock able to repair a capital ship, heavy cruiser and up, that was heavily damaged below the water line was either in Bremerton, WA or on the US east coast. A significant fact considering how effective the Japanese long lance torpedoes were.
Hodges was 58 apparently so not elderly.
From the movie Patton There goes old blood and guts ,Our blood his guts.
US Army combat doctrine born from the Civil War and the creation of the Artillery Reserve was always firepower first, second, third, and then finally the butcher's bill. The South's combat doctrine in that war was different, but who won?
Just tour any Civil War battle site and compare the Union and Confederate cannons. The South valued cavalry and infantry.; the North artillery.
Shermans were better in other factors as far as I understand. Also by the fact of their superior supply chain. Also probably better trained tankers at the time.