I thought I was confused (with the simultaneous discussion of leaf shutter and aperture), but once I got to 10:54, I completely understood. I've been wondering for a long time exactly how all this works together. Now I know! Hallelujah! Thank you VERY MUCH for making this very informative video! Upvoted and subscribed!
nice video but i consider it more of an explanation from an engineering (aka: construction) POV i was hoping it would have included a real world example of how leaf shutters have an advantage over focal plane shutters when doing high speed flash photography. - especially since HSS (high speed sync) has been a buzzword (LOL) for a few years now, and a number of digital cameras now have a much higher leaf shutter range than 1/400
hdrsmit you're right, this video serves as some insight as to how the shutter mechanism actually works mechanically. I do plan on addressing real world applications in future videos, but I have to explain flash photography first. For the average photographer there is little difference, but for professionals controlling the ambient exposure with a leaf shutter and not having to worry about flash sync speed is an enormous value. That's why the newest digital medium format lenses with leaf shutters are astronomically expensive. Thanks for the feedback, I will try to address this in future videos, but flash photography is a little ways away on the roadmap I have planned for this channel.
So techinally (espeially higher shutter speeds like 1/400) The center of the image should be brighter and it gradually gets darker to the edges of the frame. Am I right?
There is some truth to what you are saying. Vignetting has more to do with the angle of view/angle of coverage of the lens used. Wide angle lenses are usually where you see the darker edges because the distance from the focal point to the middle of the image and the focal point to edge are very different resulting in different exposure in the middle and the edge. Fast shutter speeds (in leaf shutters) can play a role because the shutter needs to open and close so quickly at the extreme fast speeds that some shutter efficiency is lost. Due to this loss in efficiency the time the shutter is fully open is not the same percentage of the total shutter speed as it is for longer exposure times.
most Copal style shutters top out at 1/500. There are some lenses with internal leaf shutters like Schneider-Kreuznach lenses for the PhaseOne system that can flash sync at 1/1600 or above, but they are thousands of dollars.
True, but only from apertures of f/8-f/16. Maximum 1/1000 for every aperture. There are much more expensive Schneider lenses that have true 1/4000 leaf shutters, but they are very very expensive.
@@MrKravmagadude how's he 'technically incorrect' if he said MOST leaf shutters hover around 1/400 or 1/500. He didn't say it was technically impossible. He is right and you're just being annoying.
How - on a leaf shutter - one can avoid the different exposition durations when comparing the central and the periphery of the exposed area (be it a sensor or a film) since the central area is illuminated for a longer (albeit a short one) period - and more directly - than the rest of the exposed area?
Although it might not be immediately obvious there is no difference in exposure between the center and the edge of the image when it comes to exposure TIME (shutter speed). This is because even though the hole is smaller, light is traveling in all directions through the hole and hitting all parts of the image. The center is not getting any more or less exposure TIME than the edges. A leaf shutter is like a variable aperture that is closed and makes a bigger and bigger hole until it is fully open and then gets smaller and smaller until it closes again. Now, exposure time is the same, but the distance from the center of the lens/shutter/aperture opening to the center versus to the corner is different. Due to the inverse square law of light the edges receive less exposure due to DISTANCE, not TIME. This is usually seen most dramatically in wide angle lenses and can cause a strong vignette. Wide angle lenses can use center weighted gradual neutral density filters to compensate for the change. Hope that helps, if not I'll make a video in the future to try to explain it better.
He addressed this in the video: in a leaf shutter, the whole plane (sensor or film) is exposed to light during the whole exposure, there's no difference between center or periphery.
First incorrect statement he made was regarding the limits of speed of the leaf shutter. Modern leaf shutters are capable of exposures of 1/2000 second; five times faster that he incorrectly claimed. Hasselblad warranties their leaf shutter for 1,000,000 actuations. That is 6 times more than Leica's warranty for a focal plane shutter DSLR; the S3.
I clearly state at 2:18 that MOST leaf shutters hover around 1/400 - 1/500 sec for their max speed. Yes, there are modern lenses that have faster leaf shutters, but those tend to be cost prohibitive for most photographers. Even the Hasselblad that I used in my example had previous versions, the 1600F and the 1000F, which were each named for their top shutter speeds of 1/1600 and 1/1000 sec. I also made no claims about durability of leaf vs focal plane shutters so not sure what point you're trying to make with the second part of your comment.
@@TheScienceofPhotography You implied that ALL leaf shutters are inferior in speed and durability, neither of which is true or correct. 1/2000s is faster than the best film camera in the 80's which makes it more than fast enough for 98% of all shooting.
@@briangc1972 Again, I made no claims on durability. I did point out the the mechanism to rapidly accelerate the opening and closing of the leaf shutter was complex and since it is an internal part of the lens it increases the cost of the lens. Although not mentioned in the video, the reason that the Hasselblad 1600F and 1000F were discontinued in favor of the 500V series was due to leaf shutter reliability. I am also not aware of many leaf shutters in the 80's that were capable of 1/2000 sec shutter speeds so comparing the newest technology to cameras of 40 years ago isn't a fair comparison. Not only that, but the entire assertion that film cameras of the 80's were not faster than 1/2000 is false. The Canon F-1N (1981) has a top shutter speed of 1/2000 and the Nikon F4 (1988) and Canon EOS-1 (1989) had shutter speeds of 1/8000 sec. The point of these videos is to discuss the differences between shutter types. Leaf Shutter Pro: no rolling shutter problem at fast speeds, flash sync at almost any speed Con: Generally more expensive and slower than lenses for focal plane shutters Focal plane shutter Pro: Faster and allows for potentially cheaper lenses Con: rolling shutter at fast speeds, flash sync usually limited to 1/250 sec
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I got to 3 minutes and 45 seconds before I had to switch. You spend the entire time explaining the same concept differently.
This is the first video I've ever seen from your channel and my heart dropped at 6:00
Haha, in the previous video about focal plane shutters I do actually take a hammer to a camera so viewer discretion is advised.
Same. That was suspenseful.
I started shooting a Hasselblad at work and this video helps to explain the leaf shutter in the lens. Great job and I am subscribing right now!
I thought I was confused (with the simultaneous discussion of leaf shutter and aperture), but once I got to 10:54, I completely understood. I've been wondering for a long time exactly how all this works together. Now I know! Hallelujah! Thank you VERY MUCH for making this very informative video! Upvoted and subscribed!
Glad it was helpful!
nice video but i consider it more of an explanation from an engineering (aka: construction) POV
i was hoping it would have included a real world example of how leaf shutters have an advantage over focal plane shutters when doing high speed flash photography.
- especially since HSS (high speed sync) has been a buzzword (LOL) for a few years now, and a number of digital cameras now have a much higher leaf shutter range
than 1/400
hdrsmit you're right, this video serves as some insight as to how the shutter mechanism actually works mechanically. I do plan on addressing real world applications in future videos, but I have to explain flash photography first. For the average photographer there is little difference, but for professionals controlling the ambient exposure with a leaf shutter and not having to worry about flash sync speed is an enormous value. That's why the newest digital medium format lenses with leaf shutters are astronomically expensive. Thanks for the feedback, I will try to address this in future videos, but flash photography is a little ways away on the roadmap I have planned for this channel.
Great stuff. I don't get how you don't have more views, this is really good content
Glad you enjoy it!
So techinally (espeially higher shutter speeds like 1/400) The center of the image should be brighter and it gradually gets darker to the edges of the frame. Am I right?
There is some truth to what you are saying. Vignetting has more to do with the angle of view/angle of coverage of the lens used. Wide angle lenses are usually where you see the darker edges because the distance from the focal point to the middle of the image and the focal point to edge are very different resulting in different exposure in the middle and the edge.
Fast shutter speeds (in leaf shutters) can play a role because the shutter needs to open and close so quickly at the extreme fast speeds that some shutter efficiency is lost. Due to this loss in efficiency the time the shutter is fully open is not the same percentage of the total shutter speed as it is for longer exposure times.
Thank you
Fantastic video
Does a leaf shutter affects the bokeh quality? Since it is basically an aperture that fully closes. Lot’s of greetings, Dennis 🇳🇱
No it doesn’t. That’s what the glass elements in the lens and the aperture are for
thanks for that valuable infos .
You're very welcome!
great video. Thank you.
I thought Leaf shutter are much faster now days. Not just 500 or so.
most Copal style shutters top out at 1/500. There are some lenses with internal leaf shutters like Schneider-Kreuznach lenses for the PhaseOne system that can flash sync at 1/1600 or above, but they are thousands of dollars.
Great and informative.
한국어로 번역해주실 분 없으실까요 ㅠㅠ
how to i close my leaf shutter ?
Very informative
Very cool! Great video!
6:12 ^^
You should check out my other video on focal plane shutters: th-cam.com/video/S0VV5Yyleao/w-d-xo.html
Especially at 8:38
Well played my friend ;)
1/4000 s for fujifilm x100f with leaf shutter
True, but only from apertures of f/8-f/16. Maximum 1/1000 for every aperture. There are much more expensive Schneider lenses that have true 1/4000 leaf shutters, but they are very very expensive.
The Science of Photography so... cost aside... leaf shutters can be higher than 1/1000. You’re technically incorrect. Sorry.
@@MrKravmagadude how's he 'technically incorrect' if he said MOST leaf shutters hover around 1/400 or 1/500. He didn't say it was technically impossible. He is right and you're just being annoying.
Dude! I had to turn away at 6'15. Don't do that again! Great video apart from this :)
How - on a leaf shutter - one can avoid the different exposition durations when comparing the central and the periphery of the exposed area (be it a sensor or a film) since the central area is illuminated for a longer (albeit a short one) period - and more directly - than the rest of the exposed area?
Although it might not be immediately obvious there is no difference in exposure between the center and the edge of the image when it comes to exposure TIME (shutter speed). This is because even though the hole is smaller, light is traveling in all directions through the hole and hitting all parts of the image. The center is not getting any more or less exposure TIME than the edges. A leaf shutter is like a variable aperture that is closed and makes a bigger and bigger hole until it is fully open and then gets smaller and smaller until it closes again.
Now, exposure time is the same, but the distance from the center of the lens/shutter/aperture opening to the center versus to the corner is different. Due to the inverse square law of light the edges receive less exposure due to DISTANCE, not TIME. This is usually seen most dramatically in wide angle lenses and can cause a strong vignette. Wide angle lenses can use center weighted gradual neutral density filters to compensate for the change.
Hope that helps, if not I'll make a video in the future to try to explain it better.
He addressed this in the video: in a leaf shutter, the whole plane (sensor or film) is exposed to light during the whole exposure, there's no difference between center or periphery.
First incorrect statement he made was regarding the limits of speed of the leaf shutter. Modern leaf shutters are capable of exposures of 1/2000 second; five times faster that he incorrectly claimed. Hasselblad warranties their leaf shutter for 1,000,000 actuations. That is 6 times more than Leica's warranty for a focal plane shutter DSLR; the S3.
I clearly state at 2:18 that MOST leaf shutters hover around 1/400 - 1/500 sec for their max speed. Yes, there are modern lenses that have faster leaf shutters, but those tend to be cost prohibitive for most photographers. Even the Hasselblad that I used in my example had previous versions, the 1600F and the 1000F, which were each named for their top shutter speeds of 1/1600 and 1/1000 sec.
I also made no claims about durability of leaf vs focal plane shutters so not sure what point you're trying to make with the second part of your comment.
@@TheScienceofPhotography You implied that ALL leaf shutters are inferior in speed and durability, neither of which is true or correct. 1/2000s is faster than the best film camera in the 80's which makes it more than fast enough for 98% of all shooting.
@@briangc1972 Again, I made no claims on durability. I did point out the the mechanism to rapidly accelerate the opening and closing of the leaf shutter was complex and since it is an internal part of the lens it increases the cost of the lens. Although not mentioned in the video, the reason that the Hasselblad 1600F and 1000F were discontinued in favor of the 500V series was due to leaf shutter reliability.
I am also not aware of many leaf shutters in the 80's that were capable of 1/2000 sec shutter speeds so comparing the newest technology to cameras of 40 years ago isn't a fair comparison. Not only that, but the entire assertion that film cameras of the 80's were not faster than 1/2000 is false. The Canon F-1N (1981) has a top shutter speed of 1/2000 and the Nikon F4 (1988) and Canon EOS-1 (1989) had shutter speeds of 1/8000 sec.
The point of these videos is to discuss the differences between shutter types.
Leaf Shutter
Pro: no rolling shutter problem at fast speeds, flash sync at almost any speed
Con: Generally more expensive and slower than lenses for focal plane shutters
Focal plane shutter
Pro: Faster and allows for potentially cheaper lenses
Con: rolling shutter at fast speeds, flash sync usually limited to 1/250 sec
So where can I find a 16mm and up 4k leaf shutter camera for making films?