Discrete Fourier Transform - Simple Step by Step

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ก.ย. 2024
  • Easy explanation of the Fourier transform and the Discrete Fourier transform, which takes any signal measured in time and extracts the frequencies in that signal.
    This is a work in progress, let me know if anything doesn't make sense, and I will update the video to make that clearer. Thanks for watching!

ความคิดเห็น • 493

  • @haimijordaan1353
    @haimijordaan1353 6 ปีที่แล้ว +435

    how is it possible that I have spent probably 40 hours trying to figure this out, dwelling in the dark and you answered everyone of my questions and uncertainties in 10 mins? You are my hero Simon Xu.

    • @charliebolton5531
      @charliebolton5531 5 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      I agree, somehow it was this video, after I already tried for 1 month to understand, this one might be the one that helped me finally get it!

    • @g7k993
      @g7k993 2 ปีที่แล้ว +9

      without the 40h this video will sound alien to you.

    • @cookingforbeginners4875
      @cookingforbeginners4875 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      This comment has 6x more likes than the video itself.

    • @plekkchand
      @plekkchand 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      How do you know that?@@g7k993

  • @louisarquie6159
    @louisarquie6159 7 ปีที่แล้ว +639

    I waited 40 years for this! Thank you so much!

    • @Django1847
      @Django1847 7 ปีที่แล้ว +190

      You waited 40 years not for your wife and children but for Fourier Transform video. I respect it.

    • @mafia12saleh
      @mafia12saleh 7 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      HAHAHAHHAHAHHAHAHA

    • @trung-tinvo-inh8806
      @trung-tinvo-inh8806 6 ปีที่แล้ว +14

      Thanks for your honesty, my first contact with Fourier Series was in 1985, just a few years short compared to yours :-)

    • @sunsean3426
      @sunsean3426 6 ปีที่แล้ว +14

      That means you still haven't understand the process of Fourier Translation for so many years? I think it is the sadness for the educators and students. In China, I suppose most of the students in colleges even teachers don't understand the essence of Fourier Translation. When I studied in college I didn't realize this, I turn round and find this after so many years.

    • @luisff7030
      @luisff7030 6 ปีที่แล้ว +8

      After waited 14610 days it's finally release! and now as the people of this planet know the true behind the DFT, a new era will begin.

  • @ballentinems2
    @ballentinems2 7 ปีที่แล้ว +16

    Simon, I cannot stress enough how impressed I am by your explanations. They are very well thought out and presented. Pity that you haven't continued this channel. So easy to digest.

  • @tomschubert9725
    @tomschubert9725 3 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    5 years ago you‘ve made this video and since now nobody has explained it better than you did in just 10 min. Good job

  • @mohamedabdalla6479
    @mohamedabdalla6479 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    For me, you are the best one who explained the Fourier transform.
    After 7 years in the university, I understood the Fourier transform today.
    Thank you very much

  • @gloriajing7268
    @gloriajing7268 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Now is 2024, I find this is the most clear video talking about this topic. Thank you so much Simon!

  • @nikhilnagarkar7422
    @nikhilnagarkar7422 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Hands down this is the best explanation of Fourier. Wonderful!!

  • @AmeltonGsairus
    @AmeltonGsairus 5 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    The best explanation on TH-cam channel I have ever seen in my life! Easily refreshed my knowledge about DFT. Thank you so much!!

  • @Copelion
    @Copelion 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is the one video on TH-cam about Fourier Transform you need to watch, and I do constantly refer back to it. Thanks. I would really like to thumbs up this many times.

  • @urgay63
    @urgay63 3 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    Honestly, thanks. The DSP teacher keeps pulling out random facts about a signal from the DFT plot and i'm like: "when did we talk about this in class?" You have just saved me hours of hair pulling frustration and for that I thank you.

  • @daviderizzotti2724
    @daviderizzotti2724 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Simply and concisely explained, saying all and only the necessary things to really grasp the concept. Best explanation on DFT ive ever seen!

  • @vtcore
    @vtcore 8 ปีที่แล้ว +44

    Thanks for sharing! Best video about DFT.

  • @jackiezou4098
    @jackiezou4098 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Nothing is better than a good example. Thank you so much!

  • @siruili7643
    @siruili7643 7 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Thank you! Your explanation is so clear and clean, while other videos on DFT usually take 1 hour only to make you confusing.

  • @louism.4980
    @louism.4980 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Best introduction on Fourier theory I have ever come across. Thank you times a million!

  • @markusfischer2505
    @markusfischer2505 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    ENDLICH habe ich verstanden, wie die diskrete Fourier-Transformation funktioniert. In 10 Minuten. 10!!! Ich saß vorher stundenlang davor und habe es nur ungefähr verstanden.
    Herrlich erklärt und animiert. Du bist mein Held! Echt. Dankeschön!
    -Markus

    • @metehan9185
      @metehan9185 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Ich verstehe nicht wieso in der Klammer bei Minute 7:42 die (1) und (0) eingesetzt werden warum ist k=1 woher weiß ich das k=1 ist ? und die Anzahl von n ist 0 ? 0 hat doch keinen Wert und k wird in Minute 8:43 berechnet k ist magnitude ich verstehe es leider nicht

  • @Ureallydontknow
    @Ureallydontknow 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    By far the best explanation on TH-cam!

  • @user-vl4vo2vz4f
    @user-vl4vo2vz4f 5 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Finally someone who knows how to explain this stuff!

  • @MilanKarakas
    @MilanKarakas 7 ปีที่แล้ว +15

    Wow, excellent presentation. You made it simple to 'digest' and understand. Thanks!

  • @saimanikanta7360
    @saimanikanta7360 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    I searched for a video that explains DFT this clear for like a week but failed to do so....just as a last attempt I atched this video and this made it clear........Thank you Simon Xu

  • @StjepanBrbot
    @StjepanBrbot 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    The best clip about Fourier transformation so far. The example with sampling 1Hz sine wave is excellent.

  • @willcheng1702
    @willcheng1702 7 ปีที่แล้ว +34

    Best DFT video ever!

  • @bhaiyyu
    @bhaiyyu 7 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Thank you very much, very useful! I have never seen it being explained more straighforward than this.

  • @nicolacasali8304
    @nicolacasali8304 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    I've been searching high and low for an ELI5 explanation that is visual enough for my pea brain to be able to turn this into code. Thank you!😍

  • @pedrolins56
    @pedrolins56 8 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    This is the best video I found on the subject so far... thank you! regards from a grad student from Brazil

  •  4 ปีที่แล้ว

    This is the best and clearest explanation I have ever seen. Brilliant.

  • @faridawan3841
    @faridawan3841 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Bro, what a nice explanation!!!. I hated the fourier series and transforms and DFTs but after watching your video, Now I have a picture in mind of what's going on and Now this has become my favourite topic.
    MAY GOD BLESS YOU A HAPPY LIFE.

  • @joeschoi
    @joeschoi 6 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    This is a very nice presentation, but not sure if the explanations for frequency resolution, why you drop < Nyquist, double, then average by 1/8 for the amplitude, etc. are quite correct. I think it's a lot clearer if you directly convert from Fourier Integral to the sum, where t->t_n=0,1/8 sec, ..., 7/8 sec., and F-> k Hz, dt->1/8 sec. These should give the correct results without the need to remember all the rules/explanations given here.

    • @gerhardmalberg4966
      @gerhardmalberg4966 5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Can you explain that in more simple way? Or any other good way to calculate amplitude from results of this video?

  • @iskandarsyahMahmuddin
    @iskandarsyahMahmuddin หลายเดือนก่อน

    what a gem.. this answer everything, you really are the potray of Richard Feynman in describe of master at something

  • @rvhp
    @rvhp 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you very much!!! You explained it very crystal clear...I read a lot but I did not understand it like this. I made a mistake not seeing it even though it has been available for 6 years. Great work, hats off to you

  • @Dover0486
    @Dover0486 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Was able to program it in Excel, and from a constructed signal with three signals superimposed, was able to decompose them using your presentation.

  • @刘涛-r8b
    @刘涛-r8b 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    I love the video. The explanation is so clear to unstand. I hate the lectures which nobody can understand.

  • @HamzaNajahOfficial
    @HamzaNajahOfficial 4 ปีที่แล้ว +60

    "If you can't explain it that simply, you don't understand it well enough."

    • @juniorcyans2988
      @juniorcyans2988 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      That was how my professor did his job. He seems enjoy mystifying everything to confuse us, and his strategy works, because those silly kids believe he is super smart. What the hell?

  • @johnlaurencechan3035
    @johnlaurencechan3035 8 ปีที่แล้ว +27

    The Explanation is so good

  • @cazaimi
    @cazaimi 8 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    The description was as promised, step by step. Thanks a lot!

  • @cheymabahroun3824
    @cheymabahroun3824 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you for making this nightmare way less frightening !! It's crazy how uni professors will never match your level of explanation.

  • @melvirpascual9428
    @melvirpascual9428 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Now that's a good explanation. If you understand this the other parts of the fourier transforms become easy

  • @shamsigamer4107
    @shamsigamer4107 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    You deserve all the praise you are getting. These videos are what I have been looking for, just like many other commenters. Thank you so much.

  • @etools
    @etools 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    simply easy understanding expression! very useful. I appreciate you. thank you so much from japanese dsPIC user.

  • @lightnblack1934
    @lightnblack1934 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    This video amazingly describes all of my question marks. Simon, just thanks for the effort man

  • @sfaunl
    @sfaunl 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    This was the best explanation on DFT on TH-cam. Thank you.

  • @miguelbecerra8742
    @miguelbecerra8742 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    I usually dont comment in any video, but this one is just perfect! thank you so much!

  • @marcusdalentoft6141
    @marcusdalentoft6141 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    YES!!!!!!! THIS IS EXACTLY WHAT I NEED!!! 😌😌 thank you so much! i have been struggling so much.

  • @_mvr_
    @_mvr_ 6 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    holy shit i went through tens of videos trying to get this right. This one was the only true helpful video. Thank you so much.

  • @hjen4861
    @hjen4861 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    its not just clear explained...the speaker is also very considerate, human

  • @user-ms8km7lh1l
    @user-ms8km7lh1l 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    I'm a computer engineering major and this is super helpful and interesting! thanks!

  • @ronmaor5052
    @ronmaor5052 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Great explanation ! The example really puts everything together in a sensible manner !

  • @mwein198
    @mwein198 ปีที่แล้ว

    OMG - its the first video I see on this topic that makes sense, Thank you soooo much

  • @baldovincadenamejia244
    @baldovincadenamejia244 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Amazing video you made. It´s a pity you did not add more videos to your channel. This is the best video on DFT I´ve found so far. It would have been great if you had also gone over a more difficult example to see how to solve it. But nonetheless thank you for this video and I really hope you decide to add more videos in the future. You got one subscriber :)

  • @plekkchand
    @plekkchand 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Finally, a proper explanation.

  • @alpargur
    @alpargur 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    purely amazed by the way you explain, reason it. thank you, sir.

  • @teyyaretey
    @teyyaretey 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you for the best video about DFT.

  • @arturro1515
    @arturro1515 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Best explanation of DFT i have ever seen.

  • @pworeo625
    @pworeo625 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Excellent video containing everythink one needs to know about dft at first sight. I didnt find this anywhere else!

  • @PmmGaMeRs
    @PmmGaMeRs 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    absolutely amazing. this was much better that the lecture at university

  • @michaelsun7968
    @michaelsun7968 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Probably the best explanation ive seen

  • @josephkarianjahi1467
    @josephkarianjahi1467 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Why do mathematicians like making things too complicated for nothing? This is the same concept that is unnecessary made sophisticated in the literature. Does it mean everything in the universe should be very simple when explained by someone who understands simplicity? I think every literature about DFT should refer to this video as an example. You need a nobel prize for this. Keep up the good work.

  • @cookieuk1278
    @cookieuk1278 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wonderful, clear explanation. Many thanks Simon.

  • @haechanjeong6041
    @haechanjeong6041 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    "The Best Explanation of DFT in the Whole World"

  • @madikargin0
    @madikargin0 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Its one of the best explanation as I ever checked. But last part still a bit blur. With Neurist limit

  • @andy_kim
    @andy_kim ปีที่แล้ว

    Still the best after 8 years...

  • @jerryjamesmbc
    @jerryjamesmbc 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    You make my life too essay... Thank-you very much... None of my teachers explain the actual consent... And thanks again...

    • @navjotsingh2251
      @navjotsingh2251 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Tbh, teachers have a strict time to do all the curriculum. Not saying that's an excuse, but sometimes its just down to you as the student to delve deeper and find the explainations.

  • @vegetablebake
    @vegetablebake 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wow. Brilliant explanation, appreciate all your hard work in making this video.

  • @davidebotti8941
    @davidebotti8941 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you very much. Simple, practical, clear, and implementable. Thank you!

  • @mickshi279
    @mickshi279 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    This video is just pure magic. Thanks for this amazing video.

  • @sau002
    @sau002 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Just this one video was enough for me. Thank you.

  • @HarpreetSingh-ke2zk
    @HarpreetSingh-ke2zk ปีที่แล้ว

    I enjoy maths that is explained using plots, clarifications on the terms used in formulas, and numerical examples.

  • @azeiny
    @azeiny 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    Best ever illustration of FFT. Thanks a lot

  • @yabool2001
    @yabool2001 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    That's comprehensive explanation!

  • @muhittinselcukgoksu1327
    @muhittinselcukgoksu1327 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    thank you so much. really you get rid of far math knowledge so everybody can understand your explanations.

  • @martaigorevnaignatyeva2491
    @martaigorevnaignatyeva2491 6 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    thank you for giving me hope for my extended essay again xd

    • @morpy3077
      @morpy3077 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @Cian DUNLEVY good luck man, you can do it

    • @bobnavonvictorsteyn9017
      @bobnavonvictorsteyn9017 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @Cian DUNLEVY ayyy same. Or at least I am thinking of it. We gotta come up with a topic by next year so I’m probably gonna do this or cryptography idk yet

  • @SunHail8
    @SunHail8 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Man, i reposted this video of Yours w/ some amplifying for sound. Thx a lot for Your Great Work.🙃

  • @dennisxsalazar
    @dennisxsalazar 7 ปีที่แล้ว +13

    Holy shit. Thank you so much. This was perfect.

  • @Arheisel
    @Arheisel 5 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    You're a god damned genius! Everything I needed was on this video, Thank you so much!

  • @ashwinfrancis5260
    @ashwinfrancis5260 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wowww...A difficult topic simplied in 10 mins...Please do more related content

  • @kamalgurnani924
    @kamalgurnani924 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Example made it much clear! thanks a lot Mr. Simon!

  • @chungnguyen-ql4gs
    @chungnguyen-ql4gs 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much! I waited 20 years for your video! :DDDDD

  • @gerhardmalberg4966
    @gerhardmalberg4966 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    The Best explanation so far! Thank you.

  • @michalsovcik9903
    @michalsovcik9903 4 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    One question to this masterpiece please.
    In the end, how the phase(X1)=3pi/2 in frequency domain corresponds with the cosine in time domain?

    • @LM_25_11
      @LM_25_11 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Did you get the answer? I also have same doubt.

    • @ni8fury770
      @ni8fury770 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      the e^-jwt in the formula of fourier transform actually corresponds to cos(wt) because e^-jwt = cos(wt) - jsin(wt) where cos(wt) is the real part of e^-jwt. So when the fourier transform gives u 3pi/2(= -pi/2) as the phase, its telling u that the cos wave shifted with phase of -pi/2 is the given signal which is a sine wave because cos(pi/2 - theta) = sin(theta)

  • @opcode66
    @opcode66 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you for this. Very clear and straightforward. I appreciate your work to make this video. Subscribed!

  • @stevenmackey6346
    @stevenmackey6346 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Oh my god I wish I could upvote this more than once, excellent video

  • @evaldaszmitra7322
    @evaldaszmitra7322 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Great video! Really cleared up my confusion about plotting complex numbers in frequency domain.

  • @aartipawar313
    @aartipawar313 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much ! Now I can sleep well today :)

  • @arunmozhisinouvassane6054
    @arunmozhisinouvassane6054 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    My god . that was a perfect example. thank you

  • @williamgillespie8462
    @williamgillespie8462 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much for this great explanation. I finally understand the DFT now! This helped me so much.

  • @ericxu7681
    @ericxu7681 6 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you very much!!This will help me a lot in understanding DFT in image processing!

  • @WetFootage
    @WetFootage 4 ปีที่แล้ว +12

    My university course compared to this is like only eating cheese and saying you know what pizza tastes like

  • @anoop5611
    @anoop5611 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Awesome! Very nicely explained. Thanks! Please keep your videos coming!

  • @walterhuang5075
    @walterhuang5075 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Oh, bro. This is easy and perfect! Thank you a lot.

  • @ecdavek230
    @ecdavek230 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wonderful job .. concise, to the point, nicely worked example .. The whole package :)

  • @zafarsustbd
    @zafarsustbd 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Short and very well explanation! Loved it! :)

  • @aviseklahiri3864
    @aviseklahiri3864 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Simply Awesome visualization without going into the gory maths (which you can always go over from any DSP book)

  • @adamzverbik6345
    @adamzverbik6345 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you for this. Great explanation

  • @miguelfernandosilvacastron3279
    @miguelfernandosilvacastron3279 4 ปีที่แล้ว

    Even my child of 3 years old and my grandma of 80 understood. Wow.
    I am going to try it on a EEG signal.

  • @channagirijagadish1201
    @channagirijagadish1201 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Excellent DFT Video. Thanks, Simon.

  • @MirajulIslam-el4ge
    @MirajulIslam-el4ge 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    I never feel so excited to study,,but today I find it!

  • @yousifkurdy4778
    @yousifkurdy4778 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    this was a GREAT vid, all props to the maker!! but i had a question, im really confused with the concept of nyquist limit and why he multiplied the magnitudes by 2 after that (this is from min 9:01). Any explanations?

  • @divinxavier5863
    @divinxavier5863 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    My 2 days hunting came down to a simplest explanation that i could find 😂

  • @Sam-rl6ok
    @Sam-rl6ok 7 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wooow you made it simple. Such amazing video. Thank you so much.

  • @LittleGnawer
    @LittleGnawer 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Great! Exactly what i looked for.