The big difference is the shot column. For a given load, 12ga will have a shorter column which reduces shot contact with bore and a shorter shot string in the air. Generally, velocity is consistent between gauges so energy/pellet should be equal as well as recoil. Assuming equal payload, firearm weight, firearm fit, dram eq, basically all the usual variables.
I squirrel hunt alot . I like the 20 better.w/ #4 shot full choke. 12 ga fits in my ammo belt and vest better so I Usually just take a 12
For turkey loads the price for 12, 20 and. 410 is about the same and reasonable. If you choose to purchase TSS prepare your self for sticker shock.
The big difference is the shot column. For a given load, 12ga will have a shorter column which reduces shot contact with bore and a shorter shot string in the air. Generally, velocity is consistent between gauges so energy/pellet should be equal as well as recoil. Assuming equal payload, firearm weight, firearm fit, dram eq, basically all the usual variables.
Blast effect is the same!
16 gauge is the best of both worlds.