@@akuheikeiserllen3078 zakah is a 10% of your incomes if u could and it spent in poors to feed or cure or fix community problem or building hospital or mosque or road or buy agriculture land and let its crops for poors only forever thats is what is zakah and we believe if it happens it will secure 🔐 community economic health and needs
@@kasadam85 Knowledgia is biased against Islam. He doesn’t give a concise description of pre Islamic Arabia. Important factors such as Persian and Roman attempts throughout their history trying to place northern Arabia and Yemen under their spheres of influence. He doesn’t even show a map Persian occupied territories in eastern Arabia or Yemen
Before the Muslims, Egypt was occupied for 2000 years. Why didn't you say anything!!? But did you know that the Christians of Egypt united with the Muslims to expel the Romans who persecuted them even though they were of the same religion!!! You are just a spiteful person and you did not do justice. Look at how Egypt developed in the Islamic era.
At 3:49 does it make sense that AMR would insist 'both' on conversion 'and' paying a Jizzia tax as tasted in th is video? Surely the Muslim conquerors insisted on one or the other but not both?
Converting in that time means being muslim and being United with muslim territory, tax means stay where you are but pay it ( and be friendly with muslims ), or fight, i think
The golden age of the Arabs. All commanders were talented, especially Khalid bin Walid. There is almost no war they lost against Byzantium and the Sassanids.
@@dickyahmad9281 civil war was after they died and tribes and different groups wanting to govern them self. It was a big empire with lots of different culture even tho they are muslims.
@@محمديونس-7 Actually I spoke about the Arabs....Who were very good at politics. Islam was political since it United arabia. But arabia was stopped in Konstantinoupoli! The ottomans conquered Greece but in 1821 they were pushen back again.
And do not insult those they invoke other than Allah, lest they insult Allah in enmity without knowledge. Thus We have made pleasing to every community their deeds. Then to their Lord is their return, and He will inform them about what they used to do. Quran 6:108 Astagfirullah. Please change that name, if you are Muslim.
While in Nusantara region (Indonesia, Malysia, and Brunei): ok we accepted Islam without war and converted many Hindus and Buddhist kingdom to Sultanate.
nice cult leader It was narrated from Anas, that the Messenger of Allah had a female slave with whom he had intercourse, but 'Aishah and Hafsah would not leave him alone until he said that she was forbidden for him. Then Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: "O Prophet! Why do you forbid (for yourself) that which Allah has allowed to you.' until the end of the Verse. Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 3959 In-book reference : Book 36, Hadith 21 English translation : Vol. 4, Book 36, Hadith 3411
Fun fact the Muslims were already at war with the Romans because of the Ghassanids ( a Roman puppet state), a messenger was sent to invite them to Islam; however, the messenger was killed thus starting the war. The war started with the Battle of Mu'tah. The Muslims lost the battle and retreated. After three commanders were killed Khaled ibn al Walid commanded the retreat.
battle of Mu'ta lasted for 7 days :it ended with a muslim victory because 1 it forced the Byzantines to cancel their plan to invade arabia 2 Many Arab tribes made trade agreements with Muslims, and many of them converted to Islam 3 The losses of Christians : 3350 men while muslims lost only 12 men
@@williamwhitehouse8214 This is what the Islamic sources say ..Khalid bin Al-Walid said: [On the day of the Battle of Mu'tah, nine swords were broken in my hand, and nothing was left in my hand except a Yemenite sword of mine] So you can imagine how many Byzantines were killed at his hand and the rest of the Muslim warriors who did the same
المصريين اخوال العرب ومصر ام العرب الحنونه ارض الكنانة ارض الرجال والسعودية قلب الاسلام والعروبة جناحا الامة العربية. 🇸🇦❤️🇪🇬 تحية من السعودية لمصر الحبيبة وارضها المباركة.
@@khkkhk6594 بالمناسبة، المصاروة هم أقل طبقات المجتمع المصري بعد الشركس والترك والألبان، واللي يمثلون النخبة المصرية من سياسيين وقادة ، حتى الفنانين اليوم. طبعاً هذا الوضع تاريخي، حتى انقلب ناصر ورفع المصري وتدهورت الدولة على جميع المستويات. العرب تاريخياً لا يتزوجون من الشعوب المفتوحة، الروم كانو يرسلون بنات مصريات كهدايا للعرب لثنيهم عن غزو مصر.. فرق شاسع بين العرب العظام اللي غيرو التاريخ والمصارية اللي لم يسمع بهم أحد قبل ٥٢..
@@yazeedalsalmi1816 كلامك بيدل علي انك ما قراتش التاريخ ولو حتي سطر واحد فيها ... مصر فعلا كان ليها تاريخ كتير و حروب ضد المحتل ...لكن لو قصدك علي الاباني محمد علي فهو مكنش هيكون حاكم مصر غير رضا المصريين و زي المماليك و حتي في حكم الدوله العثمانيه مصر كان ليها حكم ذاتي و كانت هتحتل الدوله العثمانيه زات نفسها .... من الاخر لو المصريين لو كانو عايزين يطحو بطل النخب الاجنبيه هيتحوهم ... وكمان كلامك ملهوش مصدر مين الي يدي المصريات للعرب عشان محتلمش ... لولا أن العرب في أرض غير مرغوب فيها كانت تم احتلالها من الروم والفرس وكان الاولي تحرور اليمن من الإمبراطورية الفارسية ... العرب لما يتزوجو من الخارج بيتزوجو من أقل نساء المجتمعات حتي الآن العالم يفكم بس فلوس لما البترول نزل عليكم ... ودا قالها ترامب صراحه و علي الرغم من كده كانت علاقات الدول الخليجية مع الدول الغربيه زي علاقة الرجل السيد بالجاريه (الي هو العرب) ... فوقو من احلامكم يا عرب .
@@yazeedalsalmi1816 لو عايز تعرف مكانة بلدك الحقيقيه اقرأ في السياسة ... العرب حاليا غير زمان لو انتو كنتم تتحامو زي النسوان في الأرض الغير مرغوب فيها حاليا فيه التكنولوجيا الحديثة ... حاليا بنات القبائل بهرب لدول الي بتتحامو فيها زي النساء و انت مجبر انك تتقبل الواقع و هناك بيمارسو كل انواع الزيله وانت مش هتقدر تتكلم مع اسيادك ... حاليا السعوديه مجبره تعمل برأت حلال و ديسكو حلال و اختلاط وغيره ودا غصبن عن العرب نفسهم لان الغرب هو الي بيتحكم فيك يا جاريه ... علي الرغم من أن مصر حاليا ضعيفة نسبيا الي أن برضو فيه سلطه علي نفسنا ... انت شيل القاعدات العسكريه في بلدك و ساعد العرب الي زيك في اليمن و خلي عندك كرامه ... الكرامه مش فلوس بس يا عربي في السعوديه العالم كله هيروحو يطفو بتاعهم علي بنات العرب عشان يتم تعوض المال الي جاي من البترول ♨️ اصل العلم بيتقدم و الطلب علي البترول هيقل في المستقبل .دا الحقيقيه المره ليكم يا عرب .
@@khkkhk6594 كلامك كثير وما عندي وقت أفنده نقطة نقطة لكنه مليء بالكذب والتدليس وانت تعرف ذلك. آسف نسيت اني اتحدث مع شخص من دولة تتصدر بلدان العالم في الأمية بـ ٢٣٪. فلا غرابة انهم درسوك تاريخ مليء بالكذب والترفيع من شأنكم، خذ التاريخ من مصادر محايدة، وستعرف الفرق الشاسع بيننا وبينكم، بدليل انك داخل على فيديو عن الغزو العربي للقبط المصاروة ، وما زلت تناقشني!!
Mobility was the greatest advantage of the Arab tribes I think the minor roles they played in the Byzantine and Sassanid armies as scouts really made larger powers underestimate the capability allowing them to strike from places believed to be impassable terrain mainly very inhospitable deserts.
If you really study history, I think you would see most Empire fell down at the hands of nomadic people. Who's after that builds large empire with least span of time. They're too fast and too big, the empire blown it self. For me, I think the reason is, nomadic condition are harder that make them more durable and discipline with rare sets of skill. Their military hierarchy always start with meritorious. We see the Hun topple Rome and the western Roman empire. The Arabs Muslim dismantle Persian empire and took over half of Byzantine eastern Roman empire. Mongols destroyed almost most of world empire and carved out world largest empire by land starting from Korea / China all the way to eastern Europe. Germanic tribes took over Western Roman. Muslim Caliphates last hundreds of years with some internal conflict but disintegrated in the decline of Abbasids when Caliph just left with just symbolic leaders where Sultanates grow like mushroom after the rain. Mongols empire on the other hand split into 4 Khanates in Genghis Khan grandchildren generations. Golden horde in Eastern Europe, Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia, Ilkhanate in Southwest Asia, Yuan dynasty replace Chinese empirical dynasties. This are just simplified version of my understanding in these topics. Please correct me if I'm wrong in anything.
At the same time that the muslims were conquering Egypt, the Byzantine Empire sent the first European embassy for over 500 years to China, which arrived in the year 643 AD. This embassy reignited Chinese contact with Europe, and from then on the Byzantine Empire was referred to as Fulin (拂菻) in Chinese sources.
Historical fact that the sassanids also sent to china (Tang?) embassies, then chinese emperor agreed to send army to stop muslims, but china losed war at town Atlah in modern Kazakhstan
@@КуляшБектурова isn't that different stuff since the Tang Dynasty send their soldier to central asia to guard it against muslim empire not to assist the Sassanid Empire.
@@amei653 But from whom were they guarded? The Tang Empire conquered up to the Aral Sea, and in these lands there was a Turkic Kaganate and the Chinese destroyed them, therefore the Karluk Turks united with the Arabs against the Tang Empire, so the Chinese did not protect these lands, but conquered
What part of civilians being killed, massacred and compelled to adapt to Islam on the edge of sword in "interesting" to you. Just shows how demonic, barbaric and non-humane Islamic invaders were, throughout the Medieval World History.
Fun Fact: there was a roman companion of prophet Muhammad who fought alongside the prophet and lived during Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman's time buried in Madina.
@@Al-Hussainy No! Suhaib Al-Rumi was not a Roman, he's an Arab. He was captured by the Romans when he was young and lived among them for a period, so the Sahaba called him Al-Rumi. You can check this by looking at his biography.
@@ammaraimene You are in fact right thanks for the information that's interesting. But also perhaps the one mentioned in the comment is Suhayb but other people aren't aware like me.
i stopped watching after he said "convert AND pay a jizyah" @ 3:44 , the actual choice is "convert OR pay a jizyah OR fight" knowledgia is not ashamed of altering documented historical facts and it's disgraceful that we live in 2021 but the old orientalist history alterations are persistent this cultural affiliation of the ancient crusading Europeans has no place in history narration shameful
the Rashidun's were famously corrupt all around north africa even when people did convert they were still forced to pay jizyah which lead to the berber rebellion of 739/740
@@amrshatlaa9617 it started with the Rashidun's and continued under the Umayyads "please don't waste people's time with simple facts that can be found on google" google and read the great berber revolt
@@mahdiadib9295 it didn't start with the rashidun , that's just a lie . just cause you call yourself clorox bleach doesn't mean you can white wash history mate
The Byzantines had no fortifications or serious defence plan towards the south. Plus thy had recently reclaimed the area which was thoroughly devastated by the recent wars. It wasn't only a matter of force but also one of strategic geopolitical advantage.
In addition, the class treatment of the Byzantines, their contempt for the Copts, and their consideration of them as second-class citizens, made the Copts help the conquering Arab army.
Yes the south east region would’ve easily been the most undefended and least fortified region of the empire since the Arabs were MOSTLY non aggressive before Islam.
The prophet (PBUH) said oh people you will be the king of great Persian and roman empire , the idolaters made fun of him when he was having handful of followers And after very short period of time not only Muslims defeated the superpower Persian and roman empire they even conquered half of the known world then
But now it's now for Islam to be defeated. It will happened. God will do it. God does not sends religions but prophets Before Islam, all the Arab nations were Christian and they all had coins with Christian symbols. Before Islam, the majority of the great Christian councils had taken place on the Arab soil. Ephesus, Antioch, Constantinople, and Alexandria are Arab cities. And before the arrival of Islam, the Eastern Roman Empire called the Byzantine Empire, which had become Christian, had already destroyed all the pagan idols of Arabia. So, all the idols that Mahomet and his army had destroyed were actually synagogues and churches. When Mahomet talks of the idols of Mecca, he is talking about Christianity, referring to the trinity.
@@Al_Muslim0101 Jesus is son of God and YHWH is the God of the Bible. You can take the bible and manipulate the history & truth from it and make it your "quran" but you cannot change the truth. Satan will never win
@@Mohamed-kn3ww lol it is not because of the war, but because of the spread of an epidemic in Egypt, and Caliph Omar was afraid that the Muslim army would die. You should read about Caliph Umar bin Al-Khattab, he is a very great man and he is not afraid of wars, even the Prophet Muhammad declared jihad only after Umar converted to Islam and not before that !
@@skullcrusher6975 😂😂 Mughal empire and dehli sultanate destroyed india ? They made it the richest region in the world bro. Only reason why India today still has money
@@skullcrusher6975 no it wasn’t, muslims made it into a powerful region and United it for 800 years, most landmarks that are famous there come from muslims like the Taj Mahal. All the foods that contain meat comes from Muslims. Muslims created modern Indian culture which is now being thrown away which is why India is failing rn.
Great video. There are a few details that are missing, however that only increases my curiosity and led me to do my own research. Great job. Keep it up.
@@elb7432 Lol don't make me laugh 😂 And stop being so stupid France started to occupy Algeria in 1830 but it didn't really occupy it until 1848 And remember that the Algerian were better equipped than the French and in some battel the entire French army were destroyed But due to misleading and other mistakes Algeria fully occupieded by france in 1848 18 years until france managed to occupy Algeria Meanwhile, Bismarck occupied Paris in 1870 in less than 1 year Also Adolph Hitler occupied all France in just 1 year 😂 And the French army didn't tried to attack, they just surrendered 😂
@@gaurangtiwari1563 i heard about Armenian genocide only, but no evidence about Armenian population declining during that time, in contrary, they have enough force to invade Anatolia, during Turkish war of independence
You tend to forget that when the Arabs first came in, they had no idea how to run a region with an established bureaucracy like towns and city. Most of them were familiar with the clan system that was prevalent in the Arabian peninsula. Thus, it wouldn't make sense to put whole cities like Alexandria to the sword. Hence that, with the exception of the very high positions, the locals were allowed to run their own affairs (though they had to pay their taxes). This is why in the Ummayad Caliphate you had people like St. John of Damascus being the secretary of the Caliph. So this answers that question as to why.
With the exception of the indigenous black Africans from the royal house who had already relocated to South, Central, and West Africa, the remaining Black Egyptian population comprised farmers and commoners. The others consisted of people who had emigrated due to various invasions from different groups.
Great Video! I love to study the early Muslim expansion! Umar's military conquests, in my historical analysis, were simply impressive! Umar and his main generals, including Khalid ibn al-Walid, Amr ibn al-As, Abu Musa al-Ash'ari and Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, seized Byzantine Syria (Damascus was conquered in 634 by Khalid ibn al-Walid), Mesopotamia/Iraq (which was conquered after Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas' victory at the Battle of Al-Qādisiyyah), Palestine (Jerusalem itself fell in 637), parts of Persia (more precisely the current Iranian provinces of Ilam, Khuzestan and Isfahan) and, lastly, Egypt itself (which was conquered by Amr ibn al-As, as the video already mentioned). Alexandria itself, which was once the "queen of Egypt" ("Η βασίλισσα της Αιγύπτου"), the "Athens of Africa" ("Η Αθήνα της Αφρικής") and a "city of philosophers and scholars" ("Μια πόλη φιλοσόφων και μελετητών"), was conquered in 641! Following the conquest of Egypt by Amr ibn al-As, the Byzantine Exarchate of Africa became an easy target for the Muslims. Moreover, during Umar's reign, the current Iranian provinces of Ilam and Khuzestan were invaded by Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, which were once the center of the Elamite civilization. Isfahan itself, the very heart of Sassanid Persia, was also seized by the Arabs during Umar's reign (642), which became the capital of the so-called al-Jibal province (which covered all of western Persia/Iran). Phoenicia/Lebanon, in turn, was also conquered during Umar's reign, more precisely by General Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan. Tyre (Sūr), which was once the very heart of the Phoenician Thalassocratic civilization, the "mother of Carthage" (as I like to call it), was conquered in 637. Beirut itself was also conquered in 637. Furthermore, Ctesiphon itself, the very capital of the Parthian and Sassanid Empires, was besieged and captured by Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas in 637 (just 5 years after Muhammad's death)! Umar's military achievements, in MY historical analysis, were simply the most impressive and overwhelming of the four "Rightly Guided Caliphs" (اَلْخُلَفَاءُ ٱلرَّاشِدُونَ). Note: Had it not been for the Byzantine-Persian War of 602-628, in MY historical analysis, the Arabs would probably not have the strength to conquer the entire Middle East and North Africa. The war between Heraclius (610-641) and Khosrow (590-628), for example, provoked the COMPLETE "exhaustion" of both the Sassanid and Byzantine Empires (whether militarily, politically and economically). If Heraclius had made an alliance or a pact with Khosrow, the "Persian Trajan", as I like to call him, the Rashidun Caliphate would probably not face a two-pronged war against two powerful empires (even after Khosrow's death in 628), whose reign marked the apogee of the Sassanid Empire.
A Very nice video as always , it's simple and clear !! Great details on a short video !!! Keep Going on you are doing a great work , you have my support as always
This truly was the absolute best time in history to be a Muslim. Women's islamic rights and important status were universally recognized back then, the commanders of the military were extremely talented, the government was relatively stable, the economy was doing well and there were no foreign powers causing civil conflict.
@@Knowledgia So kings and generals showed how Persians and Romans have tried placing the Arabian peninsula under their spheres of influence way before Islam. The way you depict things is as if the Muslims just randomly attacked. What’s even hilarious is that you purposely didn’t show Persian occupation of eastern Arabia and Yemen
@@uberjoe-08 The rule of the Arabs lasted for 1000 years, from Spain to India, and then the Turks came and destroyed half of what the Arabs built unfortunately
They had Allah on their side. Those weren't wars for expansion, they were wars against terror to take people out of oppression. The people in the lands they conquered remained free to practice their religion. When Egypt was won, the ancient Egyptians abandoned their religion for Islam and their language for Arabic out of admiration for the good character of their conquerers and the religion. The west struggles to understand these things because they won their lands for greed and christianity by force.
I can’t imagine how the arabs captured heavily fortified cities and win several battles with max. 12000 men… Of course, it is explained in the video, but it is just so incredible 😃
The sassanid empire wasn't just made of persians, the main language of the empire wasn't even persian, it was made of multiple iranian ethnicities. At that time the persians only inhabitated the south, east, and the northeast regions of the empire.
The persians were the ruling class but you are right. The adminiatrative language was Soryani. Calling Sasanid empire, "Persians" is like calling seljuk empire "Turks". it's only partly true. Sasanians called the empire "Iran-Shahr" and "Iranians" is a more correct term when referring to them than just "Persians".
The court language in Sassanid empire was Aramaic, the language of Babylon and the sister language of Arabic, that’s because Aramaic Mesopotamians were the majority in Sassanid empire and the Persians lived in worthless mountainous lands.
@@hassanbassim4007 1. The administrative language was Soryani not Aramic. Aramic was the administrative language of the first Persian empire. 2. The court language and the language of religion and the army was middle Persian (Pahlavi) 3. In mesppotamia, The majority of population were Soryani however the landlords (Dehghanan) were Persian. These Landlors were the ones who were later sent by Muslims to do the administrative works in the Eastern parts of the Caliphate and to consolidate Islam's hold. that's why Persian later became the administrative and cultural language of Xorasan despite the population not being Persian themselves. 4. What you describe as "useless mountainous land", would later consist some of the greatest cities of the Islamic caliphates. Like Isfahan, Rey, Nishapur, etc. The amount of tax that was taken from Sistan was close to that of Egypt. 5. Your name suggests that you are an Arab, so it is going to be easy for you to go and read many great historical books of the early Islamic times which are written in Arabic to learn these things.
@@hoomanpolitics7925 Sasanians ruled Iranshahr and some other parts like in arabia and asia minor caucasus. Sasanids were Farsis but Farsis were Minority
* FIRST THING THAT I LIKE ABOUT U IS THAT U MAKE AWESOME VIDEO, I ALWAYS SUPPORT TO U, * SECOND THING THAT I LIKE ABOUT U IS THAT U GIVE CAPTIONS IN VIDEO ❤️❤️
I love knowledgia. In Islamic expansion, there is 3 choice in war case. 1. Convert to Islam, Or 2. Pay tax or tribute called Jizya. Or, 3. Get a war. In Islam, we hardly forbiden to attack anyone who pay or convert. And thats a realistic choice in war...
Why is war holy ? If Allah is powerful why do humans have to fight for him. He could just make everyone believe in him without going the route of paying jizya or a war to win converts.
@@Felix-sc8ku _"Had your Lord so willed, all those who are on the earth would have believed. Will you, then, force people into believing?"_ (Quran: Jonah (10) verse 99) Its human choice and free will. Will they believe or not. All sign of God already in Quran. Just read...
@@gilangp2011 Quran 9:29 "Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - [fight] until they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled." There's no human choice. Reread your Quran well. It's Clear Allah and his messenger have a solution for unbelievers why are you trying to differ from the Quran, it seems like you're better than both Allah and Muhammed Combined .
@@Felix-sc8ku dude the same thing Christians did in the name of holy war , it’s the will of Allah What would be your role in life if Allah does everything ? Life=test, in the matter of fact a trip or a transit full of action and test, it’s our free will to decide our way but also the duty of those who held the message of Allah to deliver it to people and life goes on
@@Felix-sc8ku context matters the verses were talking about when People from other religions attack you. you can indeed fight back and make peace as soon as possible. You cant just cherry pick verses from the internet anyone can do that it takes time and will to get a real english Quran and read it for yourself without your biases and just read and make your mind on it
@@martin22336 you are the least to talk about terrorism. the accusation is directed to you not for us, Crusades, colonization and modern western interventions caused hundred times casualties than what you are referring to.
There are some substantial notes on the exposure video: First, the relationship of Amr ibn al-Aas with Egypt (before Islam), the man was a great merchant and had extended relations inside Egypt, and had friends within the ruling court. Second .. The current authority, they chased the pope, and removed him from the papal chair. The Egyptians were the first to innovate the monasteries system in the desert, fleeing and fearing the oppression of the Romans. Amr ibn al-Aas, by virtue of his frequent visits to Egypt, knew from his friends what the Egyptians were subjected to. The first thing he did upon entering Egypt was to secure the adherents of other religions for themselves, and he returned the fugitive Orthodox pope to the papal seat and returned their property to them. Thirdly, the video did not negotiate for a reason, except that you negotiate with each other. Wars existed in the new reality Fourth, there are some Islamic terms that must be explained to the viewer in order for him to understand their implications For example: the word invasion is used to denote the military force to seize the wealth owned by other countries While in the case of Egypt and others. The appropriate word is the word “conquest of Egypt,” because the main goal is to spread a new religion and culture, with no growth in the wealth of the country. One of the things that helped spread Islam among the Egyptians was that the religions of the Egyptians at that time were either Egyptians (pagans), and Islam originated among the pagans and was good at dealing with them, or Egyptians (Christians) and Islam loves Christ and believes in Him and commands Muslims to respect and love Him. The Egyptian Christian found In Islam, the same love is for Mrs. Mary and her son Christ. Judaism, Christianity and Islam are all messages from God that Muslims believe in. However, Islam came to make it clear that Christ is a (beloved messenger) from God, and he is not God or the Son of God. God in Islam is one God. He has no partner, no son, no wife, and the entire universe is His creatures.. 💕
Thanks for your video 👍 love your content💜💜 Greetings from Egypt 🇪🇬 I wish you will make a video about the history of Egypt from the ancient times to our recent days
Great Video! I love to study about the Early Muslim conquests The Muslim expansion throughout the 7th century (including the first half of the 8th century as well), was impressive and overwhelming (to say the least)! The Muslim expansion under the Rashidun Caliphate (al-Khilāfah ar-Rāšidah), the first Muslim state after Muhammad's death (632), was, in my own words, the Arab "Blitzkrieg" of the 7th century. Under the leadership of the so-called four "Rightly Guided Caliphs" (اَلْخُلَفَاءُ ٱلرَّاشِدُونَ/al-Khulafā' ar-Rāšidūn), which includes Abu Bakr (632-634), Umar ibn al-Khattāb (634-644), Uthman ibn Affan (644-656) and Ali ibn Abi Talib (656-661), the Arabs conquered the ENTIRE Middle East and huge parts of North Africa (including Egypt itself and Sassanid Persia). • Abu Bakr (632-634), for example, reinforced the Muslim position in Saudi Arabia after Muhammad's death in 632. • Umar ibn al-Khattāb (634-644), including his main generals Khalid ibn al-Walid, Amr ibn al-As, Abu Musa al-Ash'ari and Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, seized Byzantine Syria (Damascus was conquered in 634 by Khalid ibn al-Walid), Mesopotamia/Iraq (which was conquered after Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas' victory at the Battle of Al-Qādisīyyah), Palestine (Jerusalem itself fell in 637), parts of Persia (more precisely the current Iranian provinces of Khuzestan, Ilam and Isfahan) and, lastly, Egypt itself (which was conquered by Amr ibn al-As). Alexandria itself, which during the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, in MY historical analysis, represented the "queen of Egypt" ("Η βασίλισσα της Αιγύπτου"), the "Athens of Africa" (" Η Αθήνα της Αφρικής"), and a "city of philosophers and scholars" ("Μια πόλη φιλοσόφων και μελετητών"), was conquered in 641. Following the conquest of Egypt by Amr ibn al-As's troops, the Byzantine Exarchate of Africa/Carthage (Exarchatus Africae) became an easy target for the Arabs. Moreover, during Umar's reign, the current Iranian provinces of Ilam and Khuzestan, which were once the center of the Elamite civilization, were invaded by Abu Musa al-Ash'ari. Isfahan itself, the very heart of Sassanid Persia, was also seized by the Arabs during Umar's reign (642), which became the capital of the so-called al-Jibal province (which covered all of western Persia/Iran). Phoenicia (Lebanon), in turn, was also conquered during Umar's reign, more precisely by General Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan. Tyre (Sūr), which was once the very center of the Phoenician thalassocratic civilization, the "mother of Carthage" (as I like to call it), was conquered in 637. Beirut itself was also conquered in 637. Furthermore, Ctesiphon itself, the once powerful capital of the Parthian and Sassanid Empires, was ALSO besieged and captured by Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas in 637 (just 5 years after Muhammad's death)! Umar's military achievements, in MY historical analysis, were simply the most impressive and overwhelming of the four "Rightly Guided Caliphs" (اَلْخُلَفَاءُ ٱلرَّاشِدُونَ). • Uthman ibn Affan (644-656), the third rightly guided caliph for Sunni Muslims, seized Armenia, Cyprus, and Afghanistan. Moreover, he also concluded the Muslim expansion within the Sassanid Empire. After the death of Yazdegerd III in 651, the last Sasanian king, the Muslim conquest of Iran/Persia was completed! • Ali (656-661), the rightful successor of Muhammad for Shia Muslims, reinforced and consolidated the achievements of his predecessors. During Ali's reign, the Byzantine Empire had already lost 1/3 of its territory. Note (1): Had it not been for the Byzantine-Persian War of 602-628, in MY historical analysis, the Arabs would probably not have the strength to conquer the entire Middle East and North Africa. The war between Heraclius (610-641) and Khosrow II (590-628),for example, provoked the COMPLETE exhaustion of both the Sassanid and Byzantine Empires (whether militarily, politically and economically). If Heraclius had made an alliance or a pact with Khosrow, "the Persian Trajan", as I like to call him, the Rashidun Caliphate, in MY historical analysis, would probably not face a two-pronged war against two powerful empires (even after Khosrow's death in 628, whose reign represented the apogee of the Sassanid Empire). The Muslim expansion during the Umayyad period, however, was even greater. Constantinople itself, which was the "New Rome" (Νέα Ρώμη), the "shield of Christianity" ("Η ασπίδα/προστασία του Χριστιανισμού"), the "queen of the cities" ("Η βασίλισσα των πόλεων"), and the "queen of the east" ("Η βασίλισσα της Ανατολής"), for example, was besieged in 674 by Caliph Muawiyah I (661-680), the first Umayyad Caliph. During the reign of Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (685-705), the 5th Umayyad Caliph (the same who ordered the construction of the Dome of the Rock), the former Roman province of Africa Proconsularis, which included the current Tunisia and the western part of Libya, was conquered by General Hassan ibn al-Nu'man al-Ghassani. The Byzantine Exarchate of Africa (Exarchatus Africae), which was created by emperor Maurice I in 585, was completely lost during the reign of Tiberius III (698-705). Carthage itself, which was once the center of the Carthaginian Thalassocratic civilization, was conquered and destroyed in 698 by Hassan ibn al-Nu'man's troops. Note (2): North Africa had been under Byzantine control since the Vandalic War (533-534), when General Belisarius (Βελισάριος), one of Justinian's greatest generals, reconquered the region for the Romans. The conquest of Africa was part of Justinian's RENOVATIO IMPERII policy (the restoration of the Roman Empire). However, after Hassan's conquest, all the Byzantine efforts to restore the Roman Empire were completely lost. By the end of the 7th century (less than a century after Muhammad's death), the Arabs had already created an empire that included all of North Africa and Middle East, covering the cities of Carthage (which was destroyed in 698), Alexandria (which was conquered in 641), Damascus (which became the Umayyad capital), and Jerusalem itself (the 3rd holiest city of Islam, which was conquered by Umar in 637). Had it not been for Muawiyah's defeat in 674, Constantinople itself would also be conquered by the Arabs. Constantine IV's victory during the First Arab Siege of Constantinople (674-678), in my historical analysis, not only guaranteed the survival of the Byzantine state itself, but it also stopped the Arab advance within Anatolia. The First Arab siege of Constantinople, therefore, was the first major Muslim setback in history! The greatest Muslim conquest, in my historical analysis, took place during the reign of Al-Walid I (705-715): The invasion and conquest of Hispania/Al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula), which simply represented the "golden conquest" of the Umayyad Caliphate (as I like to call it). Following the invasion carried out by Tariq ibn Ziyad and Musa ibn Nusayr, virtually all of Visigothic Spain was conquered. Emerita Augusta (present-day Mérida), the once powerful capital of the Roman province of Lusitania, for example, was seized by Musa ibn Nusayr in 713. Ulishbuna (current Lisbon), in turn, was conquered by Abd al-Aziz ibn Musa's troops in 711 (Musa ibn Nusayr's son). Córdoba (Qurtuba/قرطبة), which was the capital of the Roman province of Hispania Baetica, lastly, was also conquered by Musa ibn Nusayr in 711. Toledo itself, the capital of Visigothic Spain, was captured in 712. In a space of just 6 years (711-717), the Arabs had already conquered all of modern Portugal and practically all of modern Spain, including all the current Autonomous Communities of Andalusia, Extremadura, Murcia, Valencian Community, Castilla-La Mancha, a huge part of Castilla y León, Aragon (Aragón), Catalonia, Madrid, La Rioja, Galicia and Navarra. Only the far north of Spain, however, was spared (including the present Autonomous Communities of Cantabria and Asturias). Note (3): Throughout the periods of the Emirate of Córdoba (756-929) and the Caliphate of Córdoba (929-1031), Qurtuba/قرطبة (Córdoba) simply became the most important city of Western Europe, rivaling in importance with Constantinople itself! During the reigns of Abd al-Rahman III (912-961) and Al-Hakam II (961-976), Córdoba not only became a wealthy city, but it also became a center of learning and knowledge, home to over 80 libraries and learning institutes. The Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, in fact, was an overwhelming success. However, the Muslim military failure in northern Spain, in MY historical analysis, was extremely catastrophic for Muslims in a long-term perspective. The Kingdom of Asturias, founded by Pelagius in 718, in my own words, was the "seed" of the Iberian Reconquista, that is, it was the kingdom that originated all the Iberian kingdoms of the Reconquista. The Kingdom of León, for example, was founded after the dissolution of the Kingdom of Asturias in 910. The County of Castile, the future powerful Kingdom of Castile itself, in turn, originated as a county of the Kingdom of León. Asturias, therefore, was not only the "seed" of the Reconquista, but it was also the "seed" of modern Spain itself! If the Muslims had subdued northern Spain, the Iberian Reconquista would not have been possible.1492, therefore, was a consequence of what occurred in 722! It is not for nothing that the Battle of Covadonga (722) is considered the "starting point" of the Iberian Reconquest. Moreover, had it not been for Charles Martel's victory at the Battle of Poitiers (732), all the Frankish Kingdom (including Paris itself), would be conquered by the Umayyad Caliphate!
You have the long memory of an Elephant...but I don't admire the war that Islam led, but the other option of racist Christianity was unacceptable to most people at that time.
Astounding how rag tagged few thousands conquered a gem i mean imagine that these same people didn't even have walled houses back in mecca a few years back (5 - 6) and they enter a wonder of the world in Alexandria i wish to see that moment when they saw such luxury and what their response was miraculous and astounding to the say the least
Some sources claim that the Muslims let their weapons fall out of amazement when they entered the city!! Most of them have never seen anything like it in their whole lives!
@@deeipomar2366the Muslims also conquered Ctesiphon the capital city of Sassanid empire which was much more bigger and larger and more beautiful then Alexanderia .
As an Egyptian, I see that the Rashidun Islamic Caliphate saved us from the Roman occupation. The Rightly Guided Islamic Rashidin was just and tolerant and respected our religion and our language, unlike other Arab Islamic differences such as the Abbasid, Umayyad, Fatimid, Ottoman and others. We consider them all occupiers except for the Rashidun Islamic Rashidin .
@@papazataklaattiranimam I can speak Egyptian Coptic language I have learned it now these days most of Egyptians are interested to learn the Egyptian Coptic language again
It was more like 40,000, only 4000 came from Medina, the rest of the Army came from Palestine. The local population of Palestine were seeking revenge after the tyrannical Byzantine rule
Sir, you mislead the letter sent by Khalif Omar, he said "if you find this letter before you inter the Land come back, but if you find it after you entered, go forward with your trust and depending to Allah
CORRECTION: Cyrus was the high priest of the Malkite Roman church not the Coptic church of St. Markus , He was directly responsible of the persecution of Coptic Christians after retaking Egypt from the Persians , and Amr signed the treaty with fugitive Coptic Pope Benjamin I of Alexandria on their behalf with jizya on able men as 1 gold Dinar per year counting 3 million Copts , hosting any Arab army for maximum of 3 days per village , keeping their land and churches , while the Romans of Alexandria did not honor the treaty and revolted , Caliph Omar did not allow for its sacking and renewed the treaty and denying any Arab to reside there only for guard duty marking the home with a spear and removing it when duty ends after 6 months , Many of the Roman elite lived in the city will into Umayyad caliphate , with one 90 year old Patrician meeting the caliph Abd-el Malik Ibn Marwan to tell him his story about the siege when he was a cavalry officer fighting the Muslims and seeing his friend getting killed and himself being nearly killed and how this thin rag tag Yemini tribesman did not even care to take his friend gold rings and jewelry after killing him , later he knew that these Arabs were soldiers of faith, not of booty and blunder.
'Umar bin Khattab letter to Amr bin Ash : If you still outside Egypt, stop the mission. If you already in Egypt territory, continue the mission. As long as I know 🙏🏻
3:50 Amr demanded surrender and tax for all non Muslim. Those who decide to convert are exempt from the tax. Convert AND pay Jizya tax? I think you have your info wrong.
Europeans and Persians occupy Arab countries, you have no problem with that, but if we take them back you say that Islam causes wars!!! Your situation is strange.
@حسامحسام-خ6و Strawman argument. I don't want western countries to occupy other nations. Your comment is further irrelevant because this entire video is about Arabs conquering other people. What? You expect me to believe that conquering a land you've never owned was "taking back" your land? Gtfoh
Thanks admin. I appreciate this video. In Islam there r no conquer or invade. Muslim use the term "To Open the City" & to free the human from enslave among human toward worship Allah.
Could we please STOP calling them “Byzantines”? Egypt was part of the Eastern Roman Empire. They saw themselves as Roman citizens and called themselves thus. Constantinople had been built over Byzantium centuries before. This term of “Byzantine Empire” was only coined in the 19th Century. This was still Roman Egypt. And it was that that the Arabs conquered.
@@ΘΕΟΦΑΝΩΚΟΜΝΗΝΟΣ I’ve no issue with the term “Graikos”. My issue is with the term “Byzantine”, as if it were a separate empire to the Roman Empire, like Persia. Greece, Egypt, the Levant and the Balkans were all part of the Eastern Roman Empire.
@@gavindoyle692 Yeah an Empire of "Greeks" were the term Romioi is synonimus of Graiko and the subject Hellene never dissapired as an ethnic name for this population. PD: The term Byzantine was created to help schoolars understand that the Eastern Romans were a whole new thing compared to the old Rome.
Alexandra was a place where byzantine emperors use to take promenade and relax however there is Christian people live in and some churches was remained from invasion of Islam
No one church was touched by Muslim, and Omar prayed in one to prove to Christians he respects them and their faith, most Christians converted to Islam in later centuries
Brave men is the least of what we can say about these men .. travelling to a new land that speaks a different language and is being controlled by a strong enemy is something very bold.
Arabs are the first to fight against Islam, Islam spread thanks to God, and those who converted to Islam, whether Arabs, ex African slaves, such the first man who gave Azan in a mosque was Bilal, black African
@@tamazghaunion9158 hahahaha you just say that cuz you hate Arabs, but they offered more than anyone else to islam, all the Rashdian caliphs were Arabs, all the Umayyad caliphs were Arabs and they expand their Empire from borders of India to Spain and and a lot of ppl entered islam thanks to Allah then to them, then The Arab Abbsiad came, under their rule Arab culture flourished like never before, All the four imams were Arabs, and most of the islamic resources made by Arabs scholars, and they write down the Quran so you can have it right now thanks to Allah then to the Arabs, and Arabs teach your ppl Arabic so you can understand the Quran and the hadiths, sheikh of islam himself was an Arab, no one offered to islam and themselves first like the Arabs did. That why you’re jealous i know keep it up 😜
Don't lie, the Egyptians were oppressed and the occupier would enter the Egyptian's house to sleep with his wife while he served dinner to the occupier, and he could not do anything for fear of being killed. Egypt was devoid of its culture and even the Christians were oppressed and the priests were oppressed until the Arabs came and liberated them. For your information, Egypt was not developed at all. All development was thanks to the colonizer.
amr asked whether to pay jizya "or" become muslims not pay jizaya "and" become muslims
Muslims must pay Zakat
Yeah this channel routinely makes mistakes like that.
@@akuheikeiserllen3078 zakah is a 10% of your incomes if u could and it spent in poors to feed or cure or fix community problem or building hospital or mosque or road or buy agriculture land and let its crops for poors only forever thats is what is zakah and we believe if it happens it will secure 🔐 community economic health and needs
@@mohamedsonofkemetegypt979 it's just 2% not 10%
@@mohamedsonofkemetegypt979 zakat is 2.5% tax on savings!
Compare this video to that of Kings and Generals. It’s amazing how the narrative can change depending on who is telling the story.
I see a big fan of history right there 😁
What's the difference
@@kasadam85 yeah I also want to know
@@kasadam85 some say he's a bit biased against islam , but I disagree with that ( even though I am a Muslim ).
@@kasadam85
Knowledgia is biased against Islam. He doesn’t give a concise description of pre Islamic Arabia. Important factors such as Persian and Roman attempts throughout their history trying to place northern Arabia and Yemen under their spheres of influence.
He doesn’t even show a map Persian occupied territories in eastern Arabia or Yemen
Ohhh! This is how Arab Muslims colonised Egypt and made it their own afterwards. I was always curious on how Egypt became an Arab Muslim country.
thats not true because a lot of egyptions converted to islam lol
And arab percent in egypt does not exceeds 10 percent of total population lol
Well Egyptians aren't genetically Arab, and when you think about it the Romans and the Greeks were colonisers too.
@@heliophile16you people called kemet the Arab Republic of Egypt ???
@@Abdelrahman-kd2qc That's bec u guys forced it on them so stfu
Before the Muslims, Egypt was occupied for 2000 years. Why didn't you say anything!!? But did you know that the Christians of Egypt united with the Muslims to expel the Romans who persecuted them even though they were of the same religion!!! You are just a spiteful person and you did not do justice. Look at how Egypt developed in the Islamic era.
At 3:49 does it make sense that AMR would insist 'both' on conversion 'and' paying a Jizzia tax as tasted in th is video? Surely the Muslim conquerors insisted on one or the other but not both?
Yes, he's wrong
Converting in that time means being muslim and being United with muslim territory, tax means stay where you are but pay it ( and be friendly with muslims ), or fight, i think
@@mohammeddugdug6699 which one is wrong ?
@@ahmadsulaymaniyah3486 when he said that amr claimed conversion and jizzia , because muslims usually make them choose one of the choices
@@mohammeddugdug6699 thanks
The golden age of the Arabs. All commanders were talented, especially Khalid bin Walid. There is almost no war they lost against Byzantium and the Sassanids.
@@dickyahmad9281
Not ture
@@dickyahmad9281 civil war was after they died and tribes and different groups wanting to govern them self.
It was a big empire with lots of different culture even tho they are muslims.
They lost three sieges against Konstantinoupoli 😂
@@nestororiginal2344
In the last it's under muslim control
600 years since 1453 !
@@محمديونس-7 Actually I spoke about the Arabs....Who were very good at politics. Islam was political since it United arabia. But arabia was stopped in Konstantinoupoli! The ottomans conquered Greece but in 1821 they were pushen back again.
Greetings from Egypt
🇪🇬🇪🇬🇪🇬❤️❤️❤️
@@theegyptianpharaonicking3849 🇪🇬🇪🇬🔥🔥
@हिन्दु बनेगा विश्वगुरू
Thanks bro
We love India too
It is one of the most beautiful and amazing countries ever
@Egyptian Eagle88 تحيا مصر ياعم😂😂😂😂😂🇪🇬
And do not insult those they invoke other than Allah, lest they insult Allah in enmity without knowledge. Thus We have made pleasing to every community their deeds. Then to their Lord is their return, and He will inform them about what they used to do.
Quran 6:108
Astagfirullah. Please change that name, if you are Muslim.
These are our Real Heroes. The Sahaba.
رضي الله عنهم
Caliphate’s to-do list:
- Conquer North Africa, check!
- Destroy the Sassanids, check!
- Stop the Byzantine counterattacks, check!
- Lay siege on Constantinople, still pending...
And destroy Spain, check.
@@Saviarai-Dravolika Yup, They managed to defeat the Visigoths in 7 years!
@@Saviarai-Dravolika Not destroy but more like conquer and build up, it was a poor and unimportant place before the Muslims came.
While in Nusantara region (Indonesia, Malysia, and Brunei): ok we accepted Islam without war and converted many Hindus and Buddhist kingdom to Sultanate.
nice cult leader
It was narrated from Anas, that the Messenger of Allah had a female slave with whom he had intercourse, but 'Aishah and Hafsah would not leave him alone until he said that she was forbidden for him. Then Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed:
"O Prophet! Why do you forbid (for yourself) that which Allah has allowed to you.' until the end of the Verse.
Reference : Sunan an-Nasa'i 3959
In-book reference : Book 36, Hadith 21
English translation : Vol. 4, Book 36, Hadith 3411
Fun fact the Muslims were already at war with the Romans because of the Ghassanids ( a Roman puppet state), a messenger was sent to invite them to Islam; however, the messenger was killed thus starting the war. The war started with the Battle of Mu'tah. The Muslims lost the battle and retreated. After three commanders were killed Khaled ibn al Walid commanded the retreat.
battle of Mu'ta lasted for 7 days :it ended with a muslim victory because
1 it forced the Byzantines to cancel their plan to invade arabia
2 Many Arab tribes made trade agreements with Muslims, and many of them converted to Islam
3 The losses of Christians : 3350 men while muslims lost only 12 men
Arab Muslims**
@@yit9893 3350 men to 12 men looks over exaggerated.
@@williamwhitehouse8214 This is what the Islamic sources say ..Khalid bin Al-Walid said: [On the day of the Battle of Mu'tah, nine swords were broken in my hand, and nothing was left in my hand except a Yemenite sword of mine]
So you can imagine how many Byzantines were killed at his hand and the rest of the Muslim warriors who did the same
im from jordan, the country which used to be ghasssanids and wallah i cant fathom how our ancestors used to act.
oh god i love this channel so much it takes me back to the old times also bcoz of unbaised speaker its much good to hear
cheak kings and general you got much more details
المصريين اخوال العرب ومصر ام العرب الحنونه ارض الكنانة ارض الرجال والسعودية قلب الاسلام والعروبة جناحا الامة العربية. 🇸🇦❤️🇪🇬
تحية من السعودية لمصر الحبيبة وارضها المباركة.
المصريين مش اخوال العرب .
العرب بيتزوجو جواري مصر أو اقل طبقات المجتمع ... ومازالت لحد الان العاده موجوده .
@@khkkhk6594 بالمناسبة، المصاروة هم أقل طبقات المجتمع المصري بعد الشركس والترك والألبان، واللي يمثلون النخبة المصرية من سياسيين وقادة ، حتى الفنانين اليوم. طبعاً هذا الوضع تاريخي، حتى انقلب ناصر ورفع المصري وتدهورت الدولة على جميع المستويات. العرب تاريخياً لا يتزوجون من الشعوب المفتوحة، الروم كانو يرسلون بنات مصريات كهدايا للعرب لثنيهم عن غزو مصر.. فرق شاسع بين العرب العظام اللي غيرو التاريخ والمصارية اللي لم يسمع بهم أحد قبل ٥٢..
@@yazeedalsalmi1816 كلامك بيدل علي انك ما قراتش التاريخ ولو حتي سطر واحد فيها ... مصر فعلا كان ليها تاريخ كتير و حروب ضد المحتل ...لكن لو قصدك علي الاباني محمد علي فهو مكنش هيكون حاكم مصر غير رضا المصريين و زي المماليك و حتي في حكم الدوله العثمانيه مصر كان ليها حكم ذاتي و كانت هتحتل الدوله العثمانيه زات نفسها .... من الاخر لو المصريين لو كانو عايزين يطحو بطل النخب الاجنبيه هيتحوهم ... وكمان كلامك ملهوش مصدر مين الي يدي المصريات للعرب عشان محتلمش ... لولا أن العرب في أرض غير مرغوب فيها كانت تم احتلالها من الروم والفرس وكان الاولي تحرور اليمن من الإمبراطورية الفارسية ... العرب لما يتزوجو من الخارج بيتزوجو من أقل نساء المجتمعات حتي الآن العالم يفكم بس فلوس لما البترول نزل عليكم ... ودا قالها ترامب صراحه و علي الرغم من كده كانت علاقات الدول الخليجية مع الدول الغربيه زي علاقة الرجل السيد بالجاريه (الي هو العرب) ... فوقو من احلامكم يا عرب .
@@yazeedalsalmi1816 لو عايز تعرف مكانة بلدك الحقيقيه اقرأ في السياسة ...
العرب حاليا غير زمان لو انتو كنتم تتحامو زي النسوان في الأرض الغير مرغوب فيها حاليا فيه التكنولوجيا الحديثة ... حاليا بنات القبائل بهرب لدول الي بتتحامو فيها زي النساء و انت مجبر انك تتقبل الواقع و هناك بيمارسو كل انواع الزيله وانت مش هتقدر تتكلم مع اسيادك ... حاليا السعوديه مجبره تعمل برأت حلال و ديسكو حلال و اختلاط وغيره ودا غصبن عن العرب نفسهم لان الغرب هو الي بيتحكم فيك يا جاريه ...
علي الرغم من أن مصر حاليا ضعيفة نسبيا الي أن برضو فيه سلطه علي نفسنا ...
انت شيل القاعدات العسكريه في بلدك و ساعد العرب الي زيك في اليمن و خلي عندك كرامه ... الكرامه مش فلوس بس يا عربي في السعوديه العالم كله هيروحو يطفو بتاعهم علي بنات العرب عشان يتم تعوض المال الي جاي من البترول ♨️ اصل العلم بيتقدم و الطلب علي البترول هيقل في المستقبل .دا الحقيقيه المره ليكم يا عرب .
@@khkkhk6594 كلامك كثير وما عندي وقت أفنده نقطة نقطة لكنه مليء بالكذب والتدليس وانت تعرف ذلك. آسف نسيت اني اتحدث مع شخص من دولة تتصدر بلدان العالم في الأمية بـ ٢٣٪. فلا غرابة انهم درسوك تاريخ مليء بالكذب والترفيع من شأنكم، خذ التاريخ من مصادر محايدة، وستعرف الفرق الشاسع بيننا وبينكم، بدليل انك داخل على فيديو عن الغزو العربي للقبط المصاروة ، وما زلت تناقشني!!
Mobility was the greatest advantage of the Arab tribes I think the minor roles they played in the Byzantine and Sassanid armies as scouts really made larger powers underestimate the capability allowing them to strike from places believed to be impassable terrain mainly very inhospitable deserts.
These are no tribes no more, they are a military power from a state. U are underestimating them same way as them 😉
If you really study history, I think you would see most Empire fell down at the hands of nomadic people. Who's after that builds large empire with least span of time. They're too fast and too big, the empire blown it self. For me, I think the reason is, nomadic condition are harder that make them more durable and discipline with rare sets of skill. Their military hierarchy always start with meritorious. We see the Hun topple Rome and the western Roman empire. The Arabs Muslim dismantle Persian empire and took over half of Byzantine eastern Roman empire. Mongols destroyed almost most of world empire and carved out world largest empire by land starting from Korea / China all the way to eastern Europe. Germanic tribes took over Western Roman. Muslim Caliphates last hundreds of years with some internal conflict but disintegrated in the decline of Abbasids when Caliph just left with just symbolic leaders where Sultanates grow like mushroom after the rain. Mongols empire on the other hand split into 4 Khanates in Genghis Khan grandchildren generations. Golden horde in Eastern Europe, Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia, Ilkhanate in Southwest Asia, Yuan dynasty replace Chinese empirical dynasties. This are just simplified version of my understanding in these topics. Please correct me if I'm wrong in anything.
@@Asraf_Ahmadcarthagian people also the same. Most of the empire if not all started like that.
Spot on
At the same time that the muslims were conquering Egypt, the Byzantine Empire sent the first European embassy for over 500 years to China, which arrived in the year 643 AD. This embassy reignited Chinese contact with Europe, and from then on the Byzantine Empire was referred to as Fulin (拂菻) in Chinese sources.
its very fascinating to know that. Two great civilizations having contact with each other :)
Are you From China?
Iam Egyptian 🇪🇬
Historical fact that the sassanids also sent to china (Tang?) embassies, then chinese emperor agreed to send army to stop muslims, but china losed war at town Atlah in modern Kazakhstan
@@КуляшБектурова isn't that different stuff since the Tang Dynasty send their soldier to central asia to guard it against muslim empire not to assist the Sassanid Empire.
@@amei653 But from whom were they guarded? The Tang Empire conquered up to the Aral Sea, and in these lands there was a Turkic Kaganate and the Chinese destroyed them, therefore the Karluk Turks united with the Arabs against the Tang Empire, so the Chinese did not protect these lands, but conquered
the arab-byzanine wars are so interesting
What part of civilians being killed, massacred and compelled to adapt to Islam on the edge of sword in "interesting" to you. Just shows how demonic, barbaric and non-humane Islamic invaders were, throughout the Medieval World History.
They are very
muslims*
Thank you knowledgia. I learn more from you then sick school classes
Ben Pakistanlı müslüman! Ben Türkçe Öğreniyorum! Benim ismim Ahmet! Pakistanlı ❤ Türkler
🇵🇰❤🇹🇷
th-cam.com/video/TbY5xjrt0ZE/w-d-xo.html
Fun Fact: there was a roman companion of prophet Muhammad who fought alongside the prophet and lived during Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman's time buried in Madina.
You fotgot to mention his name
Suhayb Al-Rumy, Rumy meaning the roman
@@Al-Hussainy No! Suhaib Al-Rumi was not a Roman, he's an Arab. He was captured by the Romans when he was young and lived among them for a period, so the Sahaba called him Al-Rumi. You can check this by looking at his biography.
@@ammaraimene You are in fact right thanks for the information that's interesting. But also perhaps the one mentioned in the comment is Suhayb but other people aren't aware like me.
Did they bang kids together?
@@Al-Hussainy what about Aisha ra mother "ummu ruman"
i stopped watching after he said "convert AND pay a jizyah" @ 3:44 , the actual choice is "convert OR pay a jizyah OR fight"
knowledgia is not ashamed of altering documented historical facts and it's disgraceful that we live in 2021 but the old orientalist history alterations are persistent
this cultural affiliation of the ancient crusading Europeans has no place in history narration
shameful
the Rashidun's were famously corrupt all around north africa even when people did convert they were still forced to pay jizyah which lead to the berber rebellion of 739/740
@@mahdiadib9295 the Rashidun dissolved in 661 AD
please don't waste people's time with simple facts that can be found on google
@@amrshatlaa9617 it started with the Rashidun's and continued under the Umayyads "please don't waste people's time with simple facts that can be found on google" google and read the great berber revolt
@@mahdiadib9295 it didn't start with the rashidun , that's just a lie .
just cause you call yourself clorox bleach doesn't mean you can white wash history mate
@@amrshatlaa9617 damn u roasted him
The Byzantines had no fortifications or serious defence plan towards the south. Plus thy had recently reclaimed the area which was thoroughly devastated by the recent wars. It wasn't only a matter of force but also one of strategic geopolitical advantage.
They were in great numbers with the most well-equipped and better-trained warriors, They had their advantage too.
In addition, the class treatment of the Byzantines, their contempt for the Copts, and their consideration of them as second-class citizens, made the Copts help the conquering Arab army.
Yes the south east region would’ve easily been the most undefended and least fortified region of the empire since the Arabs were MOSTLY non aggressive before Islam.
Fools.
The conquests were still miraculous and great @@DominicJGomez
3:49 'Amr gave them three options: convert to Islam, pay the jizya, or fight.'. Not all of them at the same time.
@@Closed0254 That's not true. See the pact of Umar and it's contents. It is the most barbaric atrocities of human history.
@Saiyan Prince!! Are we gonna act like muslims invented the war?
لا اله الا الله محمد رسول الله ☝🏽🇸🇦
Saudi America :D
@@kasadam85 turkish Russia
@@مُوَحِّد-ط2و That doesn't even make sense, poor you.
السعودية بلد التوحيد. تحية من المغرب
The prophet (PBUH) said oh people you will be the king of great Persian and roman empire , the idolaters made fun of him when he was having handful of followers
And after very short period of time not only Muslims defeated the superpower Persian and roman empire they even conquered half of the known world then
But now it's now for Islam to be defeated. It will happened.
God will do it.
God does not sends religions but prophets
Before Islam, all the Arab nations were Christian and they all had coins with Christian symbols. Before Islam, the majority of the great Christian councils had taken place on the Arab soil. Ephesus, Antioch, Constantinople, and Alexandria are Arab cities. And before the arrival of Islam, the Eastern Roman Empire called the Byzantine Empire, which had become Christian, had already destroyed all the pagan idols of Arabia. So, all the idols that Mahomet and his army had destroyed were actually synagogues and churches. When Mahomet talks of the idols of Mecca, he is talking about Christianity, referring to the trinity.
@@MagMozTV Islam mean Submission to 1 True God . and jesus is not son of god
@@MagMozTV which god
@@Al_Muslim0101 Jesus is son of God and YHWH is the God of the Bible. You can take the bible and manipulate the history & truth from it and make it your "quran" but you cannot change the truth. Satan will never win
@@MagMozTV The God of Muhammad is mightier than your god, your god has a bodily form and can die
Imagine if Amr had opened the caliph's letter after he had conquered the entire egypt.
This happened with khalid bin waleed when caliph abu bakar ordered him not to advance to the city that they had already conquered.
L O L
Caliph wasn't wrong i mean nobody want to fight pyzntin and Persians in the same time
@@Mohamed-kn3ww lol it is not because of the war, but because of the spread of an epidemic in Egypt, and Caliph Omar was afraid that the Muslim army would die. You should read about Caliph Umar bin Al-Khattab, he is a very great man and he is not afraid of wars, even the Prophet Muhammad declared jihad only after Umar converted to Islam and not before that !
@@NorahAlkhalaf0 i think u are right but i didn't say he afraid of war
Make Videos on Empires of South Asia, Ghaurid Empire, Dehli Sultanate, Mughal Empire. and others
Muslim empire is enough
@@Xavier-fk7wm it's only starting 😄😄😄
Muslims made India great
@@skullcrusher6975 😂😂 Mughal empire and dehli sultanate destroyed india ? They made it the richest region in the world bro. Only reason why India today still has money
@@skullcrusher6975 no it wasn’t, muslims made it into a powerful region and United it for 800 years, most landmarks that are famous there come from muslims like the Taj Mahal. All the foods that contain meat comes from Muslims. Muslims created modern Indian culture which is now being thrown away which is why India is failing rn.
Great video. There are a few details that are missing, however that only increases my curiosity and led me to do my own research. Great job. Keep it up.
I have a great suggestion for you, knowledgia
Talk about the Algerian- Danish war 1772 -1769
Almost no history channel talked about it
bro its 1769-1772
@@abdurrahimberisha4821
You got the idea
@@elb7432
It was a semi-independent vellayet of the ottoman empire and it had the strongest naval power in the western Mediterranean sea
@@elb7432
Lol don't make me laugh 😂
And stop being so stupid
France started to occupy Algeria in 1830 but it didn't really occupy it until 1848
And remember that the Algerian were better equipped than the French and in some battel the entire French army were destroyed
But due to misleading and other mistakes Algeria fully occupieded by france in 1848
18 years until france managed to occupy Algeria
Meanwhile, Bismarck occupied Paris in 1870 in less than 1 year
Also Adolph Hitler occupied all France in just 1 year 😂
And the French army didn't tried to attack, they just surrendered 😂
Finally a Non-biassed channel 👍
you will notice one thing during Muslim caliphate expansion , no genocides
Arab Muslim caliphate*
@@omegasupreme7353 what Arab means in your dictionary; arab nationalism never existed till Lawrence of Arabia in world war one
@@tamazghaunion9158 he's saying that because ottoman empire which was also a caliphate is very famous for genocides and ethnic cleansings
@@gaurangtiwari1563 i heard about Armenian genocide only, but no evidence about Armenian population declining during that time, in contrary, they have enough force to invade Anatolia, during Turkish war of independence
You tend to forget that when the Arabs first came in, they had no idea how to run a region with an established bureaucracy like towns and city. Most of them were familiar with the clan system that was prevalent in the Arabian peninsula. Thus, it wouldn't make sense to put whole cities like Alexandria to the sword. Hence that, with the exception of the very high positions, the locals were allowed to run their own affairs (though they had to pay their taxes). This is why in the Ummayad Caliphate you had people like St. John of Damascus being the secretary of the Caliph. So this answers that question as to why.
I totally dig the way you dice up each topic.
Listen every night to a whole playlist as i fall asleep.
All the way in houston texas
Same here
With the exception of the indigenous black Africans from the royal house who had already relocated to South, Central, and West Africa, the remaining Black Egyptian population comprised farmers and commoners. The others consisted of people who had emigrated due to various invasions from different groups.
PLEASE PLEASE PLEASEEE make a part 4 about the Islamic conquest of Persia
Great Video! I love to study the early Muslim expansion!
Umar's military conquests, in my historical analysis, were simply impressive! Umar and his main generals, including Khalid ibn al-Walid, Amr ibn al-As, Abu Musa al-Ash'ari and Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, seized Byzantine Syria (Damascus was conquered in 634 by Khalid ibn al-Walid), Mesopotamia/Iraq (which was conquered after Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas' victory at the Battle of Al-Qādisiyyah), Palestine (Jerusalem itself fell in 637), parts of Persia (more precisely the current Iranian provinces of Ilam, Khuzestan and Isfahan) and, lastly, Egypt itself (which was conquered by Amr ibn al-As, as the video already mentioned). Alexandria itself, which was once the "queen of Egypt" ("Η βασίλισσα της Αιγύπτου"), the "Athens of Africa" ("Η Αθήνα της Αφρικής") and a "city of philosophers and scholars" ("Μια πόλη φιλοσόφων και μελετητών"), was conquered in 641! Following the conquest of Egypt by Amr ibn al-As, the Byzantine Exarchate of Africa became an easy target for the Muslims. Moreover, during Umar's reign, the current Iranian provinces of Ilam and Khuzestan were invaded by Abu Musa al-Ash'ari, which were once the center of the Elamite civilization. Isfahan itself, the very heart of Sassanid Persia, was also seized by the Arabs during Umar's reign (642), which became the capital of the so-called al-Jibal province (which covered all of western Persia/Iran). Phoenicia/Lebanon, in turn, was also conquered during Umar's reign, more precisely by General Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan. Tyre (Sūr), which was once the very heart of the Phoenician Thalassocratic civilization, the "mother of Carthage" (as I like to call it), was conquered in 637. Beirut itself was also conquered in 637. Furthermore, Ctesiphon itself, the very capital of the Parthian and Sassanid Empires, was besieged and captured by Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas in 637 (just 5 years after Muhammad's death)! Umar's military achievements, in MY historical analysis, were simply the most impressive and overwhelming of the four "Rightly Guided Caliphs" (اَلْخُلَفَاءُ ٱلرَّاشِدُونَ).
Note: Had it not been for the Byzantine-Persian War of 602-628, in MY historical analysis, the Arabs would probably not have the strength to conquer the entire Middle East and North Africa. The war between Heraclius (610-641) and Khosrow (590-628), for example, provoked the COMPLETE "exhaustion" of both the Sassanid and Byzantine Empires (whether militarily, politically and economically). If Heraclius had made an alliance or a pact with Khosrow, the "Persian Trajan", as I like to call him, the Rashidun Caliphate would probably not face a two-pronged war against two powerful empires (even after Khosrow's death in 628), whose reign marked the apogee of the Sassanid Empire.
Just for the Algorithm boost.
Excellent content as usual!!
Salam alikum wa rahma rule Allah wa barikatu
From Kuwait 🇰🇼 :)
Va alaikum assalamu va rahmatullahi va barakaatuhu.,from India 🇮🇳
A Very nice video as always , it's simple and clear !! Great details on a short video !!! Keep Going on you are doing a great work , you have my support as always
This truly was the absolute best time in history to be a Muslim. Women's islamic rights and important status were universally recognized back then, the commanders of the military were extremely talented, the government was relatively stable, the economy was doing well and there were no foreign powers causing civil conflict.
Nicely informative video.
Dont worry lads their aggresive exspansion is above 50, a big coalition will form.
Or not. Maybe they got cheats
@@Knowledgia lol
@@Knowledgia Looking at the victories they achieved while outnumbered, they prob console commanded the mil tech up.
EU4 🥰
@@Knowledgia
So kings and generals showed how Persians and Romans have tried placing the Arabian peninsula under their spheres of influence way before Islam. The way you depict things is as if the Muslims just randomly attacked.
What’s even hilarious is that you purposely didn’t show Persian occupation of eastern Arabia and Yemen
muslim from egypt 🇪🇬😎
Invader
@@onyxny4389how can a converted citizen be an invader
@@mvp128
Because he’s a Greco-Roman mixed with other invaders such as Arabs.
@@mvp128 pretty sure he was one of the romans who kicked out of egypt
@@onyxny4389 looks like someones not happy
i love these videos, i learn so much
Reminds me of medieval TW playing Byzantines on easy and still losing.
This and Kings & Generals videos are amazing 💪🏼😎
The Arabs are a hell of an army and had one of the bests conquering armies in history.
Only in the firt 100 years of ther expansion after that they became with no power and turn into puppet of the Persian and turks
@@uberjoe-08 The rule of the Arabs lasted for 1000 years, from Spain to India, and then the Turks came and destroyed half of what the Arabs built unfortunately
They had Allah on their side. Those weren't wars for expansion, they were wars against terror to take people out of oppression. The people in the lands they conquered remained free to practice their religion. When Egypt was won, the ancient Egyptians abandoned their religion for Islam and their language for Arabic out of admiration for the good character of their conquerers and the religion. The west struggles to understand these things because they won their lands for greed and christianity by force.
@@quickseevee3509 "Out of admiration for the good character" says every Islamic sympathiser.
I still prefer King and General's videos.
I can’t imagine how the arabs captured heavily fortified cities and win several battles with max. 12000 men… Of course, it is explained in the video, but it is just so incredible 😃
Faith
The sassanid empire wasn't just made of persians, the main language of the empire wasn't even persian, it was made of multiple iranian ethnicities. At that time the persians only inhabitated the south, east, and the northeast regions of the empire.
sasani imporotorluğu nun 2 . azınlığı türklerdir haylada iranda 2 . azınlık gurup türkler ve nufuslarıda büyük
The persians were the ruling class but you are right. The adminiatrative language was Soryani. Calling Sasanid empire, "Persians" is like calling seljuk empire "Turks". it's only partly true. Sasanians called the empire "Iran-Shahr" and "Iranians" is a more correct term when referring to them than just "Persians".
The court language in Sassanid empire was Aramaic, the language of Babylon and the sister language of Arabic, that’s because Aramaic Mesopotamians were the majority in Sassanid empire and the Persians lived in worthless mountainous lands.
@@hassanbassim4007
1. The administrative language was Soryani not Aramic. Aramic was the administrative language of the first Persian empire.
2. The court language and the language of religion and the army was middle Persian (Pahlavi)
3. In mesppotamia, The majority of population were Soryani however the landlords (Dehghanan) were Persian. These Landlors were the ones who were later sent by Muslims to do the administrative works in the Eastern parts of the Caliphate and to consolidate Islam's hold. that's why Persian later became the administrative and cultural language of Xorasan despite the population not being Persian themselves.
4. What you describe as "useless mountainous land", would later consist some of the greatest cities of the Islamic caliphates. Like Isfahan, Rey, Nishapur, etc. The amount of tax that was taken from Sistan was close to that of Egypt.
5. Your name suggests that you are an Arab, so it is going to be easy for you to go and read many great historical books of the early Islamic times which are written in Arabic to learn these things.
@@hoomanpolitics7925 Sasanians ruled Iranshahr and some other parts like in arabia and asia minor caucasus.
Sasanids were Farsis but Farsis were Minority
* FIRST THING THAT I LIKE ABOUT U IS THAT U MAKE AWESOME VIDEO, I ALWAYS SUPPORT TO U,
* SECOND THING THAT I LIKE ABOUT U IS THAT U GIVE CAPTIONS IN VIDEO ❤️❤️
I agree it's a great help for everyone whose first language isn't English. We deserve access to extraordinary content too!
I love knowledgia. In Islamic expansion, there is 3 choice in war case.
1. Convert to Islam, Or
2. Pay tax or tribute called Jizya. Or,
3. Get a war.
In Islam, we hardly forbiden to attack anyone who pay or convert. And thats a realistic choice in war...
Why is war holy ?
If Allah is powerful why do humans have to fight for him. He could just make everyone believe in him without going the route of paying jizya or a war to win converts.
@@Felix-sc8ku _"Had your Lord so willed, all those who are on the earth would have believed. Will you, then, force people into believing?"_
(Quran: Jonah (10) verse 99)
Its human choice and free will. Will they believe or not. All sign of God already in Quran. Just read...
@@gilangp2011 Quran 9:29 "Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the Last Day and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - [fight] until they give the jizyah willingly while they are humbled."
There's no human choice. Reread your Quran well.
It's Clear Allah and his messenger have a solution for unbelievers why are you trying to differ from the Quran, it seems like you're better than both Allah and Muhammed Combined .
@@Felix-sc8ku dude the same thing Christians did in the name of holy war , it’s the will of Allah
What would be your role in life if Allah does everything ?
Life=test, in the matter of fact a trip or a transit full of action and test, it’s our free will to decide our way but also the duty of those who held the message of Allah to deliver it to people and life goes on
@@Felix-sc8ku context matters the verses were talking about when People from other religions attack you. you can indeed fight back and make peace as soon as possible. You cant just cherry pick verses from the internet anyone can do that it takes time and will to get a real english Quran and read it for yourself without your biases and just read and make your mind on it
As an egyptian
I consider the muslim arrival to egypt to be the best thing ever happened in Egypt’s history
me too
@Saiyan Prince!! nope you are , not us
Horrible and completely insane what part of terrorists attacks that happen against innocent people is good.
@@martin22336
you are the least to talk about terrorism.
the accusation is directed to you not for us, Crusades, colonization and modern western interventions caused hundred times casualties than what you are referring to.
كانت مصر قبل الفتح الاسلامي بين احذيه الفرس والروم تدفعون الجزية وخراج بلادكم يروح لهم سنوياً
Knowledgia i love you.
I am Indonesian Muslim...
There are some substantial notes on the exposure video:
First, the relationship of Amr ibn al-Aas with Egypt (before Islam), the man was a great merchant and had extended relations inside Egypt, and had friends within the ruling court.
Second ..
The current authority, they chased the pope, and removed him from the papal chair.
The Egyptians were the first to innovate the monasteries system in the desert, fleeing and fearing the oppression of the Romans.
Amr ibn al-Aas, by virtue of his frequent visits to Egypt, knew from his friends what the Egyptians were subjected to.
The first thing he did upon entering Egypt was to secure the adherents of other religions for themselves, and he returned the fugitive Orthodox pope to the papal seat and returned their property to them.
Thirdly, the video did not negotiate for a reason, except that you negotiate with each other.
Wars existed in the new reality
Fourth, there are some Islamic terms that must be explained to the viewer in order for him to understand their implications
For example: the word invasion is used to denote the military force to seize the wealth owned by other countries
While in the case of Egypt and others.
The appropriate word is the word “conquest of Egypt,” because the main goal is to spread a new religion and culture, with no growth in the wealth of the country.
One of the things that helped spread Islam among the Egyptians was that the religions of the Egyptians at that time were either Egyptians (pagans), and Islam originated among the pagans and was good at dealing with them, or Egyptians (Christians) and Islam loves Christ and believes in Him and commands Muslims to respect and love Him. The Egyptian Christian found In Islam, the same love is for Mrs. Mary and her son Christ. Judaism, Christianity and Islam are all messages from God that Muslims believe in. However, Islam came to make it clear that Christ is a (beloved messenger) from God, and he is not God or the Son of God. God in Islam is one God. He has no partner, no son, no wife, and the entire universe is His creatures.. 💕
ونعم باهلنا بمصر انا سعودي وجدي صحابي وشارك بمعارك ومنها فتح مصر❤️🇸🇦🇪🇬
@@H9CL
❤❤❤❤
مرحبا واهلا بأحفاد الصحابة الكرام رضوان الله عليهم .. ثواب اهل مصر في ميزان حسنات الفاتحين الابرار الي يوم القيامة 💕
@@ون2ثري-ج2ي جزاك الله خير أخي، لكن لا تستخدم كلمة Lord لعيسى بن مريم عليه السلام، لأنها تستخدم بمعنى الرب في اللغة الإنجليزية
@@Saladid شكرا للتنبيه ، وجزاك الله عني الخير
Thanks for your video 👍 love your content💜💜 Greetings from Egypt 🇪🇬 I wish you will make a video about the history of Egypt from the ancient times to our recent days
@im TIM absolutely. Islam and Christianity are invasive vermins who killed of indigenous religions in Europe, Middle east and North Africa
@im TIM
Where are you from?
Great Video! I love to study about the Early Muslim conquests
The Muslim expansion throughout the 7th century (including the first half of the 8th century as well), was impressive and overwhelming (to say the least)! The Muslim expansion under the Rashidun Caliphate (al-Khilāfah ar-Rāšidah), the first Muslim state after Muhammad's death (632), was, in my own words, the Arab "Blitzkrieg" of the 7th century. Under the leadership of the so-called four "Rightly Guided Caliphs" (اَلْخُلَفَاءُ ٱلرَّاشِدُونَ/al-Khulafā' ar-Rāšidūn), which includes Abu Bakr (632-634), Umar ibn al-Khattāb (634-644), Uthman ibn Affan (644-656) and Ali ibn Abi Talib (656-661), the Arabs conquered the ENTIRE Middle East and huge parts of North Africa (including Egypt itself and Sassanid Persia).
• Abu Bakr (632-634), for example, reinforced the Muslim position in Saudi Arabia after Muhammad's death in 632.
• Umar ibn al-Khattāb (634-644), including his main generals Khalid ibn al-Walid, Amr ibn al-As, Abu Musa al-Ash'ari and Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas, seized Byzantine Syria (Damascus was conquered in 634 by Khalid ibn al-Walid), Mesopotamia/Iraq (which was conquered after Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas' victory at the Battle of Al-Qādisīyyah), Palestine (Jerusalem itself fell in 637), parts of Persia (more precisely the current Iranian provinces of Khuzestan, Ilam and Isfahan) and, lastly, Egypt itself (which was conquered by Amr ibn al-As). Alexandria itself, which during the Ptolemaic and Roman periods, in MY historical analysis, represented the "queen of Egypt" ("Η βασίλισσα της Αιγύπτου"), the "Athens of Africa" (" Η Αθήνα της Αφρικής"), and a "city of philosophers and scholars" ("Μια πόλη φιλοσόφων και μελετητών"), was conquered in 641.
Following the conquest of Egypt by Amr ibn al-As's troops, the Byzantine Exarchate of Africa/Carthage (Exarchatus Africae) became an easy target for the Arabs. Moreover, during Umar's reign, the current Iranian provinces of Ilam and Khuzestan, which were once the center of the Elamite civilization, were invaded by Abu Musa al-Ash'ari. Isfahan itself, the very heart of Sassanid Persia, was also seized by the Arabs during Umar's reign (642), which became the capital of the so-called al-Jibal province (which covered all of western Persia/Iran). Phoenicia (Lebanon), in turn, was also conquered during Umar's reign, more precisely by General Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan. Tyre (Sūr), which was once the very center of the Phoenician thalassocratic civilization, the "mother of Carthage" (as I like to call it), was conquered in 637. Beirut itself was also conquered in 637. Furthermore, Ctesiphon itself, the once powerful capital of the Parthian and Sassanid Empires, was ALSO besieged and captured by Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas in 637 (just 5 years after Muhammad's death)! Umar's military achievements, in MY historical analysis, were simply the most impressive and overwhelming of the four "Rightly Guided Caliphs" (اَلْخُلَفَاءُ ٱلرَّاشِدُونَ).
• Uthman ibn Affan (644-656), the third rightly guided caliph for Sunni Muslims, seized Armenia, Cyprus, and Afghanistan. Moreover, he also concluded the Muslim expansion within the Sassanid Empire. After the death of Yazdegerd III in 651, the last Sasanian king, the Muslim conquest of Iran/Persia was completed!
• Ali (656-661), the rightful successor of Muhammad for Shia Muslims, reinforced and consolidated the achievements of his predecessors. During Ali's reign, the Byzantine Empire had already lost 1/3 of its territory.
Note (1): Had it not been for the Byzantine-Persian War of 602-628, in MY historical analysis, the Arabs would probably not have the strength to conquer the entire Middle East and North Africa. The war between Heraclius (610-641) and Khosrow II (590-628),for example, provoked the COMPLETE exhaustion of both the Sassanid and Byzantine Empires (whether militarily, politically and economically). If Heraclius had made an alliance or a pact with Khosrow, "the Persian Trajan", as I like to call him, the Rashidun Caliphate, in MY historical analysis, would probably not face a two-pronged war against two powerful empires (even after Khosrow's death in 628, whose reign represented the apogee of the Sassanid Empire).
The Muslim expansion during the Umayyad period, however, was even greater. Constantinople itself, which was the "New Rome" (Νέα Ρώμη), the "shield of Christianity" ("Η ασπίδα/προστασία του Χριστιανισμού"), the "queen of the cities" ("Η βασίλισσα των πόλεων"), and the "queen of the east" ("Η βασίλισσα της Ανατολής"), for example, was besieged in 674 by Caliph Muawiyah I (661-680), the first Umayyad Caliph. During the reign of Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (685-705), the 5th Umayyad Caliph (the same who ordered the construction of the Dome of the Rock), the former Roman province of Africa Proconsularis, which included the current Tunisia and the western part of Libya, was conquered by General Hassan ibn al-Nu'man al-Ghassani. The Byzantine Exarchate of Africa (Exarchatus Africae), which was created by emperor Maurice I in 585, was completely lost during the reign of Tiberius III (698-705). Carthage itself, which was once the center of the Carthaginian Thalassocratic civilization, was conquered and destroyed in 698 by Hassan ibn al-Nu'man's troops.
Note (2): North Africa had been under Byzantine control since the Vandalic War (533-534), when General Belisarius (Βελισάριος), one of Justinian's greatest generals, reconquered the region for the Romans. The conquest of Africa was part of Justinian's RENOVATIO IMPERII policy (the restoration of the Roman Empire). However, after Hassan's conquest, all the Byzantine efforts to restore the Roman Empire were completely lost.
By the end of the 7th century (less than a century after Muhammad's death), the Arabs had already created an empire that included all of North Africa and Middle East, covering the cities of Carthage (which was destroyed in 698), Alexandria (which was conquered in 641), Damascus (which became the Umayyad capital), and Jerusalem itself (the 3rd holiest city of Islam, which was conquered by Umar in 637). Had it not been for Muawiyah's defeat in 674, Constantinople itself would also be conquered by the Arabs. Constantine IV's victory during the First Arab Siege of Constantinople (674-678), in my historical analysis, not only guaranteed the survival of the Byzantine state itself, but it also stopped the Arab advance within Anatolia. The First Arab siege of Constantinople, therefore, was the first major Muslim setback in history!
The greatest Muslim conquest, in my historical analysis, took place during the reign of Al-Walid I (705-715): The invasion and conquest of Hispania/Al-Andalus (Iberian Peninsula), which simply represented the "golden conquest" of the Umayyad Caliphate (as I like to call it). Following the invasion carried out by Tariq ibn Ziyad and Musa ibn Nusayr, virtually all of Visigothic Spain was conquered. Emerita Augusta (present-day Mérida), the once powerful capital of the Roman province of Lusitania, for example, was seized by Musa ibn Nusayr in 713. Ulishbuna (current Lisbon), in turn, was conquered by Abd al-Aziz ibn Musa's troops in 711 (Musa ibn Nusayr's son). Córdoba (Qurtuba/قرطبة), which was the capital of the Roman province of Hispania Baetica, lastly, was also conquered by Musa ibn Nusayr in 711. Toledo itself, the capital of Visigothic Spain, was captured in 712. In a space of just 6 years (711-717), the Arabs had already conquered all of modern Portugal and practically all of modern Spain, including all the current Autonomous Communities of Andalusia, Extremadura, Murcia, Valencian Community, Castilla-La Mancha, a huge part of Castilla y León, Aragon (Aragón), Catalonia, Madrid, La Rioja, Galicia and Navarra. Only the far north of Spain, however, was spared (including the present Autonomous Communities of Cantabria and Asturias).
Note (3): Throughout the periods of the Emirate of Córdoba (756-929) and the Caliphate of Córdoba (929-1031), Qurtuba/قرطبة (Córdoba) simply became the most important city of Western Europe, rivaling in importance with Constantinople itself! During the reigns of Abd al-Rahman III (912-961) and Al-Hakam II (961-976), Córdoba not only became a wealthy city, but it also became a center of learning and knowledge, home to over 80 libraries and learning institutes.
The Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, in fact, was an overwhelming success. However, the Muslim military failure in northern Spain, in MY historical analysis, was extremely catastrophic for Muslims in a long-term perspective. The Kingdom of Asturias, founded by Pelagius in 718, in my own words, was the "seed" of the Iberian Reconquista, that is, it was the kingdom that originated all the Iberian kingdoms of the Reconquista. The Kingdom of León, for example, was founded after the dissolution of the Kingdom of Asturias in 910. The County of Castile, the future powerful Kingdom of Castile itself, in turn, originated as a county of the Kingdom of León. Asturias, therefore, was not only the "seed" of the Reconquista, but it was also the "seed" of modern Spain itself! If the Muslims had subdued northern Spain, the Iberian Reconquista would not have been possible.1492, therefore, was a consequence of what occurred in 722! It is not for nothing that the Battle of Covadonga (722) is considered the "starting point" of the Iberian Reconquest.
Moreover, had it not been for Charles Martel's victory at the Battle of Poitiers (732), all the Frankish Kingdom (including Paris itself), would be conquered by the Umayyad Caliphate!
Ok, and?
Can u please repeat.
You have the long memory of an Elephant...but I don't admire the war that Islam led, but the other option of racist Christianity was unacceptable to most people at that time.
Gila rajin bet tulis ny
@@serpentlaw5961 racist christianity?
Heyy waiting for this since the last video
Astounding how rag tagged few thousands conquered a gem
i mean imagine that these same people didn't even have walled houses back in mecca a few years back (5 - 6) and they enter a wonder of the world in Alexandria
i wish to see that moment when they saw such luxury and what their response was
miraculous and astounding to the say the least
Some sources claim that the Muslims let their weapons fall out of amazement when they entered the city!!
Most of them have never seen anything like it in their whole lives!
@@deeipomar2366 probably
i guess the commander might be used to it as he was a travelling merchant a decade ago
but the rest
wow
@@deeipomar2366the Muslims also conquered Ctesiphon the capital city of Sassanid empire which was much more bigger and larger and more beautiful then Alexanderia .
spreading peace as always
alhumduAllah
Say same for Gaza 😂@@Xenomorphocology
It is possible to translate in Arabic Some north Africans don't know English. I'm from Morocco 🇲🇦❤️❤️❤️❤️
Ana maghribiya knafham English
@@666-z7y3h ok weeb
@@666-z7y3h Tu parles français aussi alors ? Je suis franco tunisien
@@farhab9184 I do not like to speak French.
Fantastic 🎉
Caliph Umar letter : Go back dont conquer Egypt. But if you already reach egypt go on 😂
Amr: 😎😎
Lol
Its not caliph umar its omar (RA) respect your sahaba.
Nah it was more like: 😑. Lol
Can't wait for the continuation of this
As an Egyptian, I see that the Rashidun Islamic Caliphate saved us from the Roman occupation. The Rightly Guided Islamic Rashidin was just and tolerant and respected our religion and our language, unlike other Arab Islamic differences such as the Abbasid, Umayyad, Fatimid, Ottoman and others. We consider them all occupiers except for the Rashidun Islamic Rashidin .
Don't worry bro we Egyptians will speak our language again
@@theegyptianpharaonicking3849 I support Coptic language being official language of Egypt again.
@@papazataklaattiranimam
I can speak Egyptian Coptic language I have learned it now these days most of Egyptians are interested to learn the Egyptian Coptic language again
@@papazataklaattiranimam that sounds redicilous
@@theegyptianpharaonicking3849 👍
Please upload part 4😍😍😍
Information: Amr bin El-Aass was titled by Arabs ((the shrewd))
With only 4000 men conquered Egypt and welcomed by the locals.
It was more like 40,000, only 4000 came from Medina, the rest of the Army came from Palestine. The local population of Palestine were seeking revenge after the tyrannical Byzantine rule
@@samnatt248 6,000 max. taking attrition into account. they were mostly impoverished Yemenites too not northern Arabs.
3:40 *Correction*:
it's either they convert to Islam *OR* pay the jizyah, not both.
As Egyptian The best thing have ever happened to Egyptians is Islam
good point
I want Ancient Egyptian Language not Arabic
@@Ellie_PNGyou’re a white person! What do you want from them lol
Yeah, overpopulation, poverty,illiteracy, extremism. A country of 7 million kicks your ass many times.
Why?
Sir, you mislead the letter sent by Khalif Omar, he said "if you find this letter before you inter the Land come back, but if you find it after you entered, go forward with your trust and depending to Allah
it's amazing how quickly the muslims expanded
This was the promise of Almighty Allah to their believers obey Allah then only you must winn
Please read Quran in ur mother toungue and accept Islam before u die
@@rixgamer5748 i thought you weren't allowed to translate the quran
@@micahistory why you think
@@micahistory yes
*men resting after making history in Al Yarmouk*
Amr: How many men in good shape?
.: 4,000
Amr: Enough to conquer Africa, let’s go!
Thank you knowledgia for this video. If possible could you please make a video of chola empire.
Arabs nailing The Romans once again
Muslims Arabs not just Arabs.
And then failed miserable at constantinople and get roflstomped by mongols and turks
thanks to the sahaba that removed the romans from my home country of jordan
@@hazzmati ottoman empire , turkey cicicic roma nah .
@@zakariamussa3703 Your country would be way better if it didn't happened lol
CORRECTION: Cyrus was the high priest of the Malkite Roman church not the Coptic church of St. Markus , He was directly responsible of the persecution of Coptic Christians after retaking Egypt from the Persians , and Amr signed the treaty with fugitive Coptic Pope Benjamin I of Alexandria on their behalf with jizya on able men as 1 gold Dinar per year counting 3 million Copts , hosting any Arab army for maximum of 3 days per village , keeping their land and churches , while the Romans of Alexandria did not honor the treaty and revolted , Caliph Omar did not allow for its sacking and renewed the treaty and denying any Arab to reside there only for guard duty marking the home with a spear and removing it when duty ends after 6 months ,
Many of the Roman elite lived in the city will into Umayyad caliphate , with one 90 year old Patrician
meeting the caliph Abd-el Malik Ibn Marwan to tell him his story about the siege when he was a cavalry officer fighting the Muslims and seeing his friend getting killed and himself being nearly killed and how this thin rag tag Yemini tribesman did not even care to take his friend gold rings and jewelry after killing him , later he knew that these Arabs were soldiers of faith, not of booty and blunder.
The Fastest expansion the World has ever seen....
شكلك ما تعرف تيمور
actually no....
Alexander conquered 25 % of the world with in few years
One of them. I immediately thought of Alexander for the comparison.
@ARYA : officials they couldn't keep it for long, these expansions were permanent
Ur channel going to one million,plz tell me where are you from??
What was strength of Byzantium Army in Egypt? Why Governor acted in such odd way ?
Cyrus gave it to them
Muslim power💪
Its tempting to surrender when you know you will be treated better
'Umar bin Khattab letter to Amr bin Ash : If you still outside Egypt, stop the mission. If you already in Egypt territory, continue the mission. As long as I know 🙏🏻
🥺 look how quick Islam spread respect 😢 beautiful 😥 wallah
yes ♥
3:50 Amr demanded surrender and tax for all non Muslim. Those who decide to convert are exempt from the tax. Convert AND pay Jizya tax? I think you have your info wrong.
Belle vidéo ; merci 🙏
There are some big differences between this and the Kings & Generals channel
Egypt lost its identity
The Greco-Romans weren’t Egyptians either. They were also invaders into a black Nile valley civilisation.
Evidence shows that 86% of egyptians today are descendents of ancient egyptians
Correct when the European Greeks and roman invaded Egypt that's when it lost it's identity
Average Lindu 😂
@@bouya5692 brainwashed
The religion of peace sure does do a lot of warring
Exactly
And proud 😂😂
Europeans and Persians occupy Arab countries, you have no problem with that, but if we take them back you say that Islam causes wars!!! Your situation is strange.
@حسامحسام-خ6و
Strawman argument. I don't want western countries to occupy other nations. Your comment is further irrelevant because this entire video is about Arabs conquering other people. What? You expect me to believe that conquering a land you've never owned was "taking back" your land? Gtfoh
Bro acting like the whole world was at peace in that time.
This one is much better then the one of Kings and Generals, enjoyed listening to this one
Thanks admin. I appreciate this video. In Islam there r no conquer or invade. Muslim use the term "To Open the City" & to free the human from enslave among human toward worship Allah.
Major mistake made at 3:45 the choice was most likely convert OR pay jizyah, the narrator said convert AND pay jizyah
Proud to be Arab & Muslim 😊
Part 4 it became insane
Yet none of these ever made a movie I think destroying the Persian and the Romans at once deserve a great movie 🎥🎥🎥 🍿🍿🍿😁
Anyone know what music is it that starts at around the 6-6:20 mark?
Legend of Zorro
@@shahsaud2625
Really?
Proud to be a Coptic orthodox Christian from Egypt ❤☦🇪🇬
Finaly part 3
Could we please STOP calling them “Byzantines”? Egypt was part of the Eastern Roman Empire. They saw themselves as Roman citizens and called themselves thus.
Constantinople had been built over Byzantium centuries before.
This term of “Byzantine Empire” was only coined in the 19th Century. This was still Roman Egypt.
And it was that that the Arabs conquered.
Irony how ‘romanian’ took part by not supporting the factual roman empire. Instead they promote fictional ‘byzantine’ empire.
Yeah but no... The term Graikos remaind as popular as Romioi between the Byzantines themeselves.
@@ΘΕΟΦΑΝΩΚΟΜΝΗΝΟΣ I’ve no issue with the term “Graikos”.
My issue is with the term “Byzantine”, as if it were a separate empire to the Roman Empire, like Persia.
Greece, Egypt, the Levant and the Balkans were all part of the Eastern Roman Empire.
@@gavindoyle692 Yeah an Empire of "Greeks" were the term Romioi is synonimus of Graiko and the subject Hellene never dissapired as an ethnic name for this population.
PD: The term Byzantine was created to help schoolars understand that the Eastern Romans were a whole new thing compared to the old Rome.
Alexandra was a place where byzantine emperors use to take promenade and relax however there is Christian people live in and some churches was remained from invasion of Islam
No one church was touched by Muslim, and Omar prayed in one to prove to Christians he respects them and their faith, most Christians converted to Islam in later centuries
All churches remained
Lol@@cocojumboist520
Brave men is the least of what we can say about these men .. travelling to a new land that speaks a different language and is being controlled by a strong enemy is something very bold.
I subscribed ur channel ,it is very knowledgeable, where are you from sir ,I mean this channel which country from??
Arab Muslims*
You need to be specific
Thank for you great works it's absolutely amazing 👏❤
صح ولله يقهر يعني المسلمين الغير العرب يحسبون هم اللي فتحو هذي البلاد
Arabs are the first to fight against Islam, Islam spread thanks to God, and those who converted to Islam, whether Arabs, ex African slaves, such the first man who gave Azan in a mosque was Bilal, black African
@@tamazghaunion9158 hahahaha you just say that cuz you hate Arabs, but they offered more than anyone else to islam, all the Rashdian caliphs were Arabs, all the Umayyad caliphs were Arabs and they expand their Empire from borders of India to Spain and and a lot of ppl entered islam thanks to Allah then to them, then The Arab Abbsiad came, under their rule Arab culture flourished like never before, All the four imams were Arabs, and most of the islamic resources made by Arabs scholars, and they write down the Quran so you can have it right now thanks to Allah then to the Arabs, and Arabs teach your ppl Arabic so you can understand the Quran and the hadiths, sheikh of islam himself was an Arab, no one offered to islam and themselves first like the Arabs did.
That why you’re jealous i know keep it up 😜
Arabs are Muslim
@@omegasupreme7353 انت شكلك لبناني او شامي مو عربي مادام ماتعرف تكتب عربي
very early conquest ,led by Amr ibn al-As Radiya Lahu Aanhu personally, what a legend
Egypt was beautiful they were advanced in architecture , science,maths literature etc but when Islam came they l0st everything
Don't lie, the Egyptians were oppressed and the occupier would enter the Egyptian's house to sleep with his wife while he served dinner to the occupier, and he could not do anything for fear of being killed. Egypt was devoid of its culture and even the Christians were oppressed and the priests were oppressed until the Arabs came and liberated them. For your information, Egypt was not developed at all. All development was thanks to the colonizer.
>Babylon is in Egypt
Me; *visible confusion*
Alexander The Great stuff 😅
A Roman fort in Egypt was called Fort Babylon.
When truth fights falsehood, the greatest empires fall in a few years.
Im the 13 viewer 😎😎😎
good for you
Does it have anything to do with the 13th warrior?
Please keep uploading new videos!
Very informative content, would very much like to share your videos’mmm
Correction: Covnvert to Islam OR pay Jizya OR fight. Not convert and pay.
i never knew exactly how this happened so thanks for this video
We bellived and support them
@@mohamedsonofkemetegypt979 no
What happened? I don’t understand your statement
@@anazahmed509 exactly how egypt was conquered
As an Egyptian I am glad Amr opened the letter later and opened Egypt.
🇱🇾❤🇪🇬 ⚔⚔
Alhamdulillah we became freed from the Greeks ❤
@@TheEpicUserwhat greeks ? İt was Romans
Nice 👍🏻