Gardnerella Vaginalis | Microbiology USMLE Step 1

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Gardnerella Vaginalis | Microbiology USMLE Step 1
Gardnerella vaginalis is a Gram-variable bacterium associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV), a common vaginal infection characterized by alterations in the vaginal microbiota. While Gardnerella vaginalis is found in the vaginal flora of many women, overgrowth or imbalance of this bacterium, along with other anaerobic bacteria, can lead to the development of BV. BV is often characterized by a thin, grayish-white vaginal discharge with a characteristic "fishy" odor, especially after intercourse or during menstruation. However, some women with BV may be asymptomatic. The exact pathogenesis of BV involving Gardnerella vaginalis is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve multiple factors such as changes in vaginal pH, decreased lactobacilli, and the production of biofilms by Gardnerella vaginalis. Diagnosis of BV typically involves clinical evaluation, including examination of vaginal discharge and pH testing. Microscopic examination of vaginal fluid may reveal clue cells, which are epithelial cells covered with bacteria characteristic of BV. Treatment of BV usually consists of antibiotics such as metronidazole or clindamycin, which target the overgrowth of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobes. However, recurrence of BV is common, and additional measures such as probiotics or vaginal pH-balancing agents may be recommended to restore vaginal health. Understanding the role of Gardnerella vaginalis in bacterial vaginosis, along with its clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment, is important for medical students preparing for exams like the USMLE Step 1.
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[@gabriellechrysostome5466]

Traduction française

[@PriyanshiChaudhari-fx1eq]

Waitting for surgery & medicine lectures 😊

[@doctorbhanuprakash]

yes soon