Arvin is a brilliant teacher, we need more like him to teach and explain mathematics, science and engineering, with the hope the many young (and not so young) decide to study these subjects. Thank you, Sir.
My revolution in physics has been irrefutably valid for 28 years. Light years and the big bang never happened. We live in the parallel universe. Explorers of extraterrestrials and contact holders of star spaceships since 01/17/95. Johann Zdebor
I've known all of these things since I was in high school essentially (thirty years ago) but I still watch channels like yours because I can still always learn something or get some nuance. And this time was no different, I never completely grasped why the Strong force is eventually overcome in large nuclei by the EM force, I never caught on to the additive effect of the repulsion of the EM charge of the protons. Once again, you've taught me something and made it very much worth my while to tune in, thanks :)
6:35 - for easier memory, alpha particles/decay are emissions of helium nuclei, beta particles are electrons released from neutron decay into protons, and gamma particles are mass-less, high energy photons.
I spent 7 years in the nuclear industry and it doesn't make parties interesting. It just means people who think they know more than you try to convince you your safety work is all mistaken. And that's after a week of work when you want some time off.
I spent more than 40 years in the industry. I learned in grad school that the general population consists of four groups of people. The first is a relatively small group in the "Amen Choir", and they are with you on philosophical grounds. A second, larger group is opposed on philosophical grounds, and nothing you say will change their minds. The third and largest group do not think much, do not care much, and if they are swayed at all, it is by whatever they last heard that they can remember. The last and smallest group contain people who know how to think critically and care enough to try to separate fact from fiction. This last group is the only one worth engaging with. You are wasting your time with the rest.
The breadth of your value as a teacher can not be overstated. Whether I’m revisiting things that are familiar, or those that I am still learning, you are the pulsing magnetar from which the field of information propagates into minds such as mine which, as nature would have it, responds to the field in a different way than the preponderance of others. So on behalf of all of those like myself, thank you for your unique attributes that bestow the force carriers of the field such that our minds may be bombarded by the quantum effects of the Arvinton field.
Thanks (again) Arvin for another excellent video, explained clearly. Love the Velcro example for the SNF - I have seen it demonstrated once before, with Velcro glued onto 2 bar magnets, then the two same poles being forced together. Please keep them coming. Best wishes from West Wales, UK.
I find a good way to describe how ridiculously more powerful thermonuclear bombs are (hydrogen bombs) by pointing out, as Arvin says at 11:19, that a hydrogen bomb uses a fission bomb (i.e. the type of bombs used in WWII) as its TRIGGER. Imagine how much force it takes to squeeze the trigger of a gun vs how much damage a gun can do. That’s the kind of separation between the energy output of an atomic bomb vs a hydrogen bomb. Always awe inspiring and terrifying to think about.
This video is amazing! To be conveniently ushered through all nuclear physics in such an educational and entertaining way, was quite impressive. I'm really grateful for you, producing always such enthralling content. On top you are such a kind and likeable person in my opinion, thanks a lot for all your effort!
The video was very informative and explained some concepts that needed explaining so understanding could take place. Much of what was said was taken for granted like it needed no explanation but Arvin Ash drilled down into the details missing from any physic lesson I have ever attended. The funny part is I did not even realize the details needed further explanation!!!
You give some of the very best scientific explanations out there! This relatively short video explained a ton and was super-entertaining as well! Keep up the great work!
1:36 - The nuclei of atoms are made up of protons and neutrons - The way i see it is that neutrons are as well protons and electrons - neutrons should be found at the equator or disc of any system(atoms, planets, stars etc) so there are protons working as neutrons and electrons working as well like neutrons. Likeor same charges repeal and as well cancel each other - any system or part with same charges wont be found.
Never knew that gamma radiation is the byproduct of the protons and neutron realigning itself in the nucleus. Another great video where I learn just a couple new things. Thank you for breaking it down for me.
I’ve been going on an information-binging spree concerning atomic energy, and this is the best and most conclusive video I’ve seen. Super cool stuff. Super interesting
Always brilliant, but this time you really managed to put scary technical terms into simple birds-eye explanations. A great thank you, for dumbing it down enough to be pleasant for those 99% of us who are a little bit phobic of complicated words and math! Learning should be pleasant, not scary!
th-cam.com/video/m3dpUk1emms/w-d-xo.html About that missing mass that has turned into energy... well, what is it? What heats the water inside a nuclear reactor? We've got a neutron + an atom worth of mass, then we have more atoms and neutrons... and energy? So what is that energy? 09:44
السلام عليكم (أو خلقا مما يكبر في صدوركم فسيقولون من يعيدنا قل الذي فطركم أول مرة فسينغضون إليك رءوسهم ويقولون متى هو قل عسى أن يكون قريبا ﴾ [ الإسراء: 51] الصدور تعني النواة وغيرة هناك في المدارات شيء ايضا استاذي الكريم شكرا لك
Arvin has always been a top tier science educator, but his latest content has been knocking it out of the ball park, and this particular video goes as far as knocking it into another league, simply outstanding work my friend o7
Modern science isn't correct..... All energy and matter in one simple explanation.... here goes... First we have a radio wave all the way to gamma waves which in turn create hydrogen then from there everything is basically a compound of hydrogen and will decay back to hydrogen before turning back to gamma waves..... There are no free moving electrons within matter.... I use this analogy to simplify it in my mind..... imagine a line of people standing a mile long (each person represents a copper atom in a wire) the first person starts a Mexican wave at one end ( the source ) , as the information propagates along the line ( by exciting each atoms magnetic field ) you would see an continuous wave of the peoples arms transferring the charge/information back and forth but the atoms and electrons don't actually move at all..... Think about it, from the source where electricity is "generated" to the ultimate end use, there's various breaks in chain of that electricity, it goes through controllers, transformers, all sort of components.... the transmission happens because of the magnetic field strength of the atoms in the wire being increased and decreased, not because of an actual "electron" flowing anywhere....
Thanks for yet another educational video Arvin. I wish you would have touched upon how a Neutron bomb works. In many ways that'd be the deadliest type of Nuclear Bomb. Most people have never heard of it. Yet it is more likely to be used than any other type of Nuclear Bomb if it's being used strategically.
Wow! Dr. Ash, I have some conceptual understanding of the information you've presented here. As I watch your video (repeatedly), I'm awed by the flow and completeness of the information. For background, I've been fascinated by nuclear and quantum physics for years -- lots of classes and reading on these subjects. (I'm certainly not expert) I'm wondering what someone with little prior knowledge would find in this video? Wondering if many of your viewers would find a little pre-work useful before becoming seriously interesting people? 🌞
قريبا سوف انشر هنا على صفحت تعليقات هذا الفديو كل مايحتاجه التاس لتطهير جسيماتهم هناك معادلات وايضا. تعليمات مهمه للحصول على اكبر طاقة لعملية التصادمات انت استاذي بدات فأكمل. هذه العملية لانتوقف حتى الوصول الى طاقة الصفر المطلق. هي الحقيقة لا اكثر ولا اقل الحقيقة لا تنسى العمل الخيري والالتزام بالاخلاق وغفر لكل من اخطئ في حقك
Arvin, this video answers so many questions, and it is so clear and concise. I just want to laminate it in gold and hang it on my wall. Amazing job. Thank you!
100+ million degrees Celsius needs a lot of energy to be achieved. This is why powerful lasers are used in current fusion experiments. I am not sure how small a hydrogen bomb can go, but without lasers, I don't think you can achieve those temperatures without exploding a fission bomb.
@@connecticutaggie There is a limit, how small you can make a fission bomb. You need a critical mass of radioactive material (for example ~ 50 kg uran or ~10 kg plutonium). Even the smallest atom bomb is still about the half of the power of the hiroshima bomb. Good luck by trying to contain this :P
Ok I'm late. Everyone is saying all the sappy accolades I was thinking anyway so I'll just drop this here and add to the algorithm. Damn, Arvin, you're good.
@3:42 I'm so glad that you consider Bismuth as unstable and thus radioactive. Many do not agree on this, including ChatGPT (and of course they are wrong 😁)
احداث نوح في التراث الانساني اخترعها الانسان والحفيقة هي كانت اقتراب نهاية دورة ونوح نشر الحقيقة لقد كان يتصادم معهم فكريا هذا الدليل واتل عليهم نبأ نوح إذ قال لقومه يا قوم إن كان كبر عليكم مقامي وتذكيري بآيات الله فعلى الله توكلت فأجمعوا أمركم وشركاءكم ثم لا يكن أمركم عليكم غمة ثم اقضوا إلي ولا تنظرون (71) يونس كبر عليكم مقامي تصادمات الحروف تحكي الحدث بالتفصيل فإن توليتم فما سألتكم من أجر إن أجري إلا على الله وأمرت أن أكون من المسلمين (72) فكذبوه فنجيناه ومن معه في الفلك وجعلناهم خلائف وأغرقنا الذين كذبوا بآياتنا فانظر كيف كان عاقبة المنذرين (73) الفلك دالة موجيه مقياس الحدث هنا الاكوان المتوازية والذين كذبوا اغرقوا يعني تم حجزهم في ظلمات الزمكان كذالك موسى كذالك ابراهيم الخ دورة امم الوعد الاول تقتحم الانظمة وعلماء الكم العقبة يعني جسيم الرب ويحجز المستكبرون من العلماء والمتعلمون والفاسدون في ظلمات الزمكان واما المساكين تمتصهم المادة المظلمة. ويسبتوا فيها ياتي الوعد الثاني تقريبا. بعد خمسون الف سنة ويبدا الحساب وتبدا دورة جديدة تتم عملية قسم لجسيمات من سوف تفنيهم المادة المضادة قبل الاصتدام بهم فيعود هاؤلاء ومن كانوا مرد اول. لذالك اصحاب المرد الثاني ليس لديهم اي فرصة إلا هذه يجب الوصول لهم لاجل انقاذهم ولا احد منكم سيشعر من اي مرد هوا إلا بعض الناس وهم قلة وذالك بسبب محوا ذكرياتهم هذا قانون. كوني لانهم لو عادوا مع ذكرياتهم فسوف يرفعون من حرارة الكون هذا موجود في القران غدا سوف انشر هذه الاية واية عن ؤغوة الزمكان ايضا
Nice, some questions: What happens to the Alpha particle hitting e.g. the paper (or any other object)? What happens to the Beta particle hitting e.g. the aluminium foil (or any other object)? What happens to the gamma radiation hitting some other object? Will the object hit by Alpha, Beta particles or gamma radiation also get "radioactive"?
Great question! Alpha particle in a typical nuclear decay does not have a whole lot of energy, and since it's heavy, it has a short range. It may ionize atoms as it passes by them by ripping their electrons away. And it will then typically bounce off an object, much the same way that a helium atom would. A beta particle will simply lose its energy in the atomic structure of the object that it hits, contributing a little bit to the thermal energy of the object. A gamma particle would need to pretty much hit the nucleus of an atom to be stopped, that's why it penetrates so deeply.
Ultimatelly, the alpha particle becomes a helium-4 after sufficiently slowing down and getting 2 electron for itself. (this process provides the current helium-4 stock of Earth) The beta particle is just an electron and after losing its kinetic energy due to scattering or bremsthrelung it just hangs around depending on what absorbed it mostly as the part of the enviroment as an ion or in a metal just as member of the electron sea. Gamma radiation may cause a photo electric effect with an atom's electron (kicking it out of the atom) participate in pair production (when it interacts with a nucleus but this require certain high energy levels) also may Compton scatters from an electron and lose energy to it. A sufficiently high energy gamma ray can also induce photo fission in a suitable nucleus. Now as I think about it really depends on the gamma energy level and the material it meets, it even can cause neutron emission when it radiates Be-9.
Love your work Arvin. I put you right there with Sabine, Nick(Science Asylum) and Brian Greene as my favourite science communicators. I feel smarter for having watched any of your videos.
I absolutely love your channel, I rather enjoy educational content, and I find myself binge watching your videos. Thank you for all of the enlightenment!🧠
Ah, the "learning" dopamine just keeps coming. Thanks, Professor Ash! I noticed the nuclei seem to have random nucleons positioned throughout, but I wonder, are they in superposition while floating around the nucleus, rather than the little balls that we perceive?
Belle conclusion Arvin. Peux-tu maintenant me dire quelle est l energie totale maximale que je pourrai restituer à l’univers ? Energie potentielle, ... ? Merci
aplaus for explanation of unstability of havier elements, many thx! 10:02 but what energy is released? i mean, it could not be that of strong force; even fissioned nucleons are still carriers of the same amount of strong force and are perfectly capable of fusion into havier elements again...
Dear Arvin, thanks for the explanation - I really appreciated it. I have a (stupid) question since I just got my "DINPA" degree - 10 minutes away from going to my Nuclear Physicist one: If the Neutron decays into a Proton + Electron + Antineutrino - and the atom gets a new positive charge - shouldn't the (new) free Electron fit a position in the electrosphere and orbit the nucleus of the very same atom? To keep the atom electromagnetically balanced? So why is there beta radiation (made by Electrons)? Why not only Antineutrinos radiation? Is there too much energy (too much speed of a particle) in Neutron decay, and the atom can't keep the Electron to itself?
Great question! Correct that It is typically carrying too much to be captured. However, as you know the universe prefers to have charge neutrality. This does happen because in most materials at room temperature, there are always some ionized atoms and free electrons. These are available to neutralize ionized atoms.
Simple atom = electron + proton An atom is considered 99% empty because the distance between an electron and a proton is 10^-10m. But if an atom contains an electron and two protons, then the particles are closer to each other by as much as five orders of magnitude (10^-15m) and the more complex the atom, the closer the particles are to each other, and the stronger their connection.
All nuclear bonds are due to speed and spin of electrons. They bind them with a fast strings positive and negative forces. The are also responsible for chemical bonds and polarity. The chemical bonds are because of directions change. Neutrons are required only for balance of protons.
Yes, I agree with you. It's dangerous, even insane interesting. When first time heard this info about fission, fusion, radioactivity, decay and quantum things i can't sleep few months. Thinking and looking more info about that. More, MORE and *MORE!* That's how I find yours channel 😁 you have explained almost everything in those videos. Now I can sleep well 😁 thank you 🎉
This was an excellent primer video, but at its end you forgot to mention the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's recent fusion breakthrough using lasers. For the first time in human history, scientists achieved net energy gain from nuclear fusion without using a hydrogen bomb.
We have achieved fusion using lasers before, the breakthrough appears to be that in the LLB experiment, there was net positive energy created. This, however, needs to be verified.
@@ArvinAsh Yes, thank you for clarifying that the breakthrough appears to be in the experiment’s net energy gain. To be sure as you’ve mentioned, independent verification remains essential for this (and, for that matter, every) scientific breakthrough.
Curious are we sure that neutrons in the nucleus remain stable and dont just decay then the electron is immediately captured by a proton which would produce an neutrino which would annihilate with the antineutrino originially produced thus making it appear as if nothing changed.
you made my college physics course to go to dust ! Honestly i wasted 2 years and dint understand. After watching your video multiple time I am happy now
Really terrific explanations. I've read a fair amount about radiation, but never realized that beta particles come from the decay of a neutron into a proton. I definitely learned a few things today. Thanks for the video!
Arvin is a brilliant teacher, we need more like him to teach and explain mathematics, science and engineering, with the hope the many young (and not so young) decide to study these subjects.
Thank you, Sir.
My revolution in physics has been irrefutably valid for 28 years. Light years and the big bang never happened. We live in the parallel universe. Explorers of extraterrestrials and contact holders of star spaceships since 01/17/95. Johann Zdebor
im the outlier bruh im 13
I've known all of these things since I was in high school essentially (thirty years ago) but I still watch channels like yours because I can still always learn something or get some nuance. And this time was no different, I never completely grasped why the Strong force is eventually overcome in large nuclei by the EM force, I never caught on to the additive effect of the repulsion of the EM charge of the protons. Once again, you've taught me something and made it very much worth my while to tune in, thanks :)
Colin Boyle
6:35 - for easier memory, alpha particles/decay are emissions of helium nuclei, beta particles are electrons released from neutron decay into protons, and gamma particles are mass-less, high energy photons.
I spent 7 years in the nuclear industry and it doesn't make parties interesting. It just means people who think they know more than you try to convince you your safety work is all mistaken. And that's after a week of work when you want some time off.
_Obviously_ a layman who's watched a TH-cam vid or two knows more than you, silly professional!
I work in IT. I feel your pain.
Many people are intimidated by someone who is much smarter than they are when it is made obvious.
I suspect that it's an ego thing.
Just 7 years - you had barely started.
You sound like a barrel of laughs at parties. You always so fun?
I spent more than 40 years in the industry. I learned in grad school that the general population consists of four groups of people. The first is a relatively small group in the "Amen Choir", and they are with you on philosophical grounds. A second, larger group is opposed on philosophical grounds, and nothing you say will change their minds. The third and largest group do not think much, do not care much, and if they are swayed at all, it is by whatever they last heard that they can remember. The last and smallest group contain people who know how to think critically and care enough to try to separate fact from fiction. This last group is the only one worth engaging with. You are wasting your time with the rest.
The breadth of your value as a teacher can not be overstated. Whether I’m revisiting things that are familiar, or those that I am still learning, you are the pulsing magnetar from which the field of information propagates into minds such as mine which, as nature would have it, responds to the field in a different way than the preponderance of others.
So on behalf of all of those like myself, thank you for your unique attributes that bestow the force carriers of the field such that our minds may be bombarded by the quantum effects of the Arvinton field.
I love your videos. I barely have a high school education but find it tremendously interesting. You present things to very well. Thank you so much!
Glad you like them!
Thanks (again) Arvin for another excellent video, explained clearly. Love the Velcro example for the SNF - I have seen it demonstrated once before, with Velcro glued onto 2 bar magnets, then the two same poles being forced together. Please keep them coming. Best wishes from West Wales, UK.
This is a treasure trove of a video, thank you!
Danke!
Thanks so much.
I find a good way to describe how ridiculously more powerful thermonuclear bombs are (hydrogen bombs) by pointing out, as Arvin says at 11:19, that a hydrogen bomb uses a fission bomb (i.e. the type of bombs used in WWII) as its TRIGGER. Imagine how much force it takes to squeeze the trigger of a gun vs how much damage a gun can do. That’s the kind of separation between the energy output of an atomic bomb vs a hydrogen bomb. Always awe inspiring and terrifying to think about.
Loved the video Arvin, best utilisation of 12 minutes I’ve experienced all week. Thanks
Dangerously interesting is a phrase I have never heard before. I love it
Thanks!
many thanks!
This video is amazing! To be conveniently ushered through all nuclear physics in such an educational and entertaining way, was quite impressive. I'm really grateful for you, producing always such enthralling content. On top you are such a kind and likeable person in my opinion, thanks a lot for all your effort!
The video was very informative and explained some concepts that needed explaining so understanding could take place. Much of what was said was taken for granted like it needed no explanation but Arvin Ash drilled down into the details missing from any physic lesson I have ever attended. The funny part is I did not even realize the details needed further explanation!!!
You give some of the very best scientific explanations out there! This relatively short video explained a ton and was super-entertaining as well! Keep up the great work!
1:36 - The nuclei of atoms are made up of protons and neutrons - The way i see it is that neutrons are as well protons and electrons - neutrons should be found at the equator or disc of any system(atoms, planets, stars etc) so there are protons working as neutrons and electrons working as well like neutrons.
Likeor same charges repeal and as well cancel each other - any system or part with same charges wont be found.
Beautiful, you have answered questions that I have had for years.
Wow. . this is hands down the best explanations I've seen. Thanks for expanding my understanding!
"Dangerously interesting at your next dinner party." Niiiiiiiice
This was the best explanation of the subject, thank you.
Thanks! I can now add Nuclear Physicist to my resume. 😶
Thank you Arvin... thoroughly enjoyed this.☺️
Never knew that gamma radiation is the byproduct of the protons and neutron realigning itself in the nucleus. Another great video where I learn just a couple new things. Thank you for breaking it down for me.
I’ve been going on an information-binging spree concerning atomic energy, and this is the best and most conclusive video I’ve seen. Super cool stuff. Super interesting
Love this channel! Wish it was around when I was studying university level physics in the 90s
wow fantastic video. great pace.
Always brilliant, but this time you really managed to put scary technical terms into simple birds-eye explanations. A great thank you, for dumbing it down enough to be pleasant for those 99% of us who are a little bit phobic of complicated words and math! Learning should be pleasant, not scary!
Exactly my sentiments! Glad you enjoyed it.
I learned so much from this video. Thank you!!
Liked this video before I even started watching it because I know it’s going to magnificent.
Excellent tutorial, Arvin. Will share with my Physics students. Well done!
That's wonderful! Thanks for spreading scientific knowledge.
I cant tnx u enough for this amazing video , tnx man , i wish bests for you
th-cam.com/video/m3dpUk1emms/w-d-xo.html About that missing mass that has turned into energy... well, what is it? What heats the water inside a nuclear reactor?
We've got a neutron + an atom worth of mass, then we have more atoms and neutrons... and energy? So what is that energy? 09:44
The energy released is in the form of photons - gamma rays and other high energy photons.
السلام عليكم
(أو خلقا مما يكبر في صدوركم فسيقولون من يعيدنا قل الذي فطركم أول مرة فسينغضون إليك رءوسهم ويقولون متى هو قل عسى أن يكون قريبا ﴾ [ الإسراء: 51]
الصدور تعني النواة
وغيرة هناك في المدارات شيء ايضا
استاذي الكريم شكرا لك
All concepts were explained so clearly I don’t have any questions, just a certain smugness due to new knowledge.
This is amazing, with these concepts I finally have a grasp of how nuclear fission works and how this generates energy
A great video, colleague!
Truly outstanding video!
Arvin has always been a top tier science educator, but his latest content has been knocking it out of the ball park, and this particular video goes as far as knocking it into another league, simply outstanding work my friend o7
Modern science isn't correct.....
All energy and matter in one simple explanation.... here goes...
First we have a radio wave all the way to gamma waves which in turn create hydrogen then from there everything is basically a compound of hydrogen and will decay back to hydrogen before turning back to gamma waves.....
There are no free moving electrons within matter....
I use this analogy to simplify it in my mind..... imagine a line of people standing a mile long (each person represents a copper atom in a wire) the first person starts a Mexican wave at one end ( the source ) , as the information propagates along the line ( by exciting each atoms magnetic field ) you would see an continuous wave of the peoples arms transferring the charge/information back and forth but the atoms and electrons don't actually move at all.....
Think about it, from the source where electricity is "generated" to the ultimate end use, there's various breaks in chain of that electricity, it goes through controllers, transformers, all sort of components.... the transmission happens because of the magnetic field strength of the atoms in the wire being increased and decreased, not because of an actual "electron" flowing anywhere....
Thanks for yet another educational video Arvin.
I wish you would have touched upon how a Neutron bomb works. In many ways that'd be the deadliest type of Nuclear Bomb. Most people have never heard of it. Yet it is more likely to be used than any other type of Nuclear Bomb if it's being used strategically.
It's a good, quick rundown.
Excelent video. It's almost impossible to explain it better
Why doesn't the fission chain reaction continue forever? Are lighter elements not destabilized by the neutrons entering their nucleus?
Wow! Dr. Ash, I have some conceptual understanding of the information you've presented here. As I watch your video (repeatedly), I'm awed by the flow and completeness of the information.
For background, I've been fascinated by nuclear and quantum physics for years -- lots of classes and reading on these subjects. (I'm certainly not expert)
I'm wondering what someone with little prior knowledge would find in this video? Wondering if many of your viewers would find a little pre-work useful before becoming seriously interesting people? 🌞
great episode!
You explain difficult topics in such an easy way. Hat's off to you 🤠
9:25
So what you're saying is to *prepare for unforseen consequences λ*
Great knowledgable man.
Great episode Arvin 👍
Clear precise and informative. If quantum mechanics was as easy to understand, I'd be a physicist 🤣😜
قريبا سوف انشر هنا على صفحت تعليقات هذا الفديو
كل مايحتاجه التاس لتطهير جسيماتهم
هناك معادلات وايضا. تعليمات مهمه
للحصول على اكبر طاقة لعملية التصادمات
انت استاذي بدات فأكمل. هذه العملية لانتوقف
حتى الوصول الى طاقة الصفر المطلق.
هي الحقيقة لا اكثر ولا اقل الحقيقة
لا تنسى العمل الخيري والالتزام بالاخلاق وغفر لكل من اخطئ في حقك
Simple yet outstanding!
Arvin, this video answers so many questions, and it is so clear and concise. I just want to laminate it in gold and hang it on my wall. Amazing job. Thank you!
really nice graphics and explanation, sir.
Amazing and brilliant.. You really explain difficult concepts so simply and make them look easy... Kudos 👏 💐
How small could you make a Fusion Bomb? Could you make one small enough that you could harness the energy?
100+ million degrees Celsius needs a lot of energy to be achieved. This is why powerful lasers are used in current fusion experiments. I am not sure how small a hydrogen bomb can go, but without lasers, I don't think you can achieve those temperatures without exploding a fission bomb.
@@ArvinAsh No, I mean keep the fission bomb, just contain it.
@@connecticutaggie There is a limit, how small you can make a fission bomb.
You need a critical mass of radioactive material (for example ~ 50 kg uran or ~10 kg plutonium).
Even the smallest atom bomb is still about the half of the power of the hiroshima bomb.
Good luck by trying to contain this :P
Ok I'm late. Everyone is saying all the sappy accolades I was thinking anyway so I'll just drop this here and add to the algorithm. Damn, Arvin, you're good.
Amazing Videos. You are really great
Finally I will no longer be single now that I'm armed with dangerously interesting knowledge. Thank you
I envision girls flocking to you already!
Did it happen???
Thanks for the video and title. I will try to use my knowledge for good but no promises.
@3:42 I'm so glad that you consider Bismuth as unstable and thus radioactive. Many do not agree on this, including ChatGPT (and of course they are wrong 😁)
It is pretty stable, but not completely, as you know. Half life is pretty long.
I gonna fan of your teaching style, vast knowledge of science n very easily graspable content
احداث
نوح في التراث الانساني اخترعها الانسان
والحفيقة هي كانت
اقتراب نهاية دورة ونوح نشر الحقيقة
لقد كان يتصادم معهم فكريا
هذا الدليل
واتل عليهم نبأ نوح إذ قال لقومه يا قوم إن كان كبر عليكم مقامي وتذكيري بآيات الله فعلى الله توكلت فأجمعوا أمركم وشركاءكم ثم لا يكن أمركم عليكم غمة ثم اقضوا إلي ولا تنظرون (71) يونس
كبر عليكم مقامي
تصادمات
الحروف تحكي الحدث بالتفصيل
فإن توليتم فما سألتكم من أجر إن أجري إلا على الله وأمرت أن أكون من المسلمين (72) فكذبوه فنجيناه ومن معه في الفلك وجعلناهم خلائف وأغرقنا الذين كذبوا بآياتنا فانظر كيف كان عاقبة المنذرين (73)
الفلك دالة موجيه مقياس الحدث
هنا الاكوان المتوازية
والذين كذبوا اغرقوا يعني تم حجزهم في ظلمات الزمكان
كذالك موسى كذالك ابراهيم الخ
دورة امم
الوعد الاول تقتحم الانظمة وعلماء الكم العقبة
يعني جسيم الرب
ويحجز المستكبرون من العلماء والمتعلمون والفاسدون في ظلمات الزمكان
واما المساكين تمتصهم المادة المظلمة. ويسبتوا فيها
ياتي الوعد الثاني تقريبا. بعد خمسون الف سنة
ويبدا الحساب
وتبدا دورة جديدة
تتم عملية قسم لجسيمات من سوف تفنيهم المادة المضادة
قبل الاصتدام بهم
فيعود هاؤلاء ومن كانوا مرد اول.
لذالك اصحاب المرد الثاني ليس لديهم اي فرصة
إلا هذه يجب الوصول لهم لاجل انقاذهم
ولا احد منكم سيشعر من اي مرد هوا إلا بعض
الناس وهم قلة وذالك بسبب محوا ذكرياتهم
هذا قانون. كوني لانهم لو عادوا مع ذكرياتهم فسوف يرفعون من حرارة الكون
هذا موجود في القران غدا سوف انشر هذه الاية واية عن ؤغوة الزمكان ايضا
Nice, some questions:
What happens to the Alpha particle hitting e.g. the paper (or any other object)?
What happens to the Beta particle hitting e.g. the aluminium foil (or any other object)?
What happens to the gamma radiation hitting some other object?
Will the object hit by Alpha, Beta particles or gamma radiation also get "radioactive"?
Great question! Alpha particle in a typical nuclear decay does not have a whole lot of energy, and since it's heavy, it has a short range. It may ionize atoms as it passes by them by ripping their electrons away. And it will then typically bounce off an object, much the same way that a helium atom would. A beta particle will simply lose its energy in the atomic structure of the object that it hits, contributing a little bit to the thermal energy of the object. A gamma particle would need to pretty much hit the nucleus of an atom to be stopped, that's why it penetrates so deeply.
Ultimatelly, the alpha particle becomes a helium-4 after sufficiently slowing down and getting 2 electron for itself. (this process provides the current helium-4 stock of Earth) The beta particle is just an electron and after losing its kinetic energy due to scattering or bremsthrelung it just hangs around depending on what absorbed it mostly as the part of the enviroment as an ion or in a metal just as member of the electron sea.
Gamma radiation may cause a photo electric effect with an atom's electron (kicking it out of the atom) participate in pair production (when it interacts with a nucleus but this require certain high energy levels) also may Compton scatters from an electron and lose energy to it. A sufficiently high energy gamma ray can also induce photo fission in a suitable nucleus. Now as I think about it really depends on the gamma energy level and the material it meets, it even can cause neutron emission when it radiates Be-9.
Awesome video !
Love your work Arvin. I put you right there with Sabine, Nick(Science Asylum) and Brian Greene as my favourite science communicators.
I feel smarter for having watched any of your videos.
How can you compare him with Sabine????? You obviously have a lot to learn.
I absolutely love your channel, I rather enjoy educational content, and I find myself binge watching your videos. Thank you for all of the enlightenment!🧠
Every undergraduate student in Physics should get a series of mandatory Arvin Ash classes at some point :D
you have a special talent
Many thanks
Ah, the "learning" dopamine just keeps coming. Thanks, Professor Ash!
I noticed the nuclei seem to have random nucleons positioned throughout, but I wonder, are they in superposition while floating around the nucleus, rather than the little balls that we perceive?
I would guess yes. The “balls” are just for visual representation
Great video Arvin, Through I did have to go digging to find this content. TH-cam Algorithm not so perfect after all.
Belle conclusion Arvin. Peux-tu maintenant me dire quelle est l energie totale maximale que je pourrai restituer à l’univers ? Energie potentielle, ... ? Merci
Informative
Just brilliant, our honored scientist, Dr. Ash! 💖
aplaus for explanation of unstability of havier elements, many thx! 10:02 but what energy is released? i mean, it could not be that of strong force; even fissioned nucleons are still carriers of the same amount of strong force and are perfectly capable of fusion into havier elements again...
It might have been good to explain beta+ decay too for completeness.
I will apply this knowledge to some Unobtainium whenever I get some. André
Gotta rewatch this right before watching Oppenheimer
Dear Arvin, thanks for the explanation - I really appreciated it.
I have a (stupid) question since I just got my "DINPA" degree - 10 minutes away from going to my Nuclear Physicist one:
If the Neutron decays into a Proton + Electron + Antineutrino - and the atom gets a new positive charge - shouldn't the (new) free Electron fit a position in the electrosphere and orbit the nucleus of the very same atom? To keep the atom electromagnetically balanced? So why is there beta radiation (made by Electrons)? Why not only Antineutrinos radiation?
Is there too much energy (too much speed of a particle) in Neutron decay, and the atom can't keep the Electron to itself?
Great question! Correct that It is typically carrying too much to be captured. However, as you know the universe prefers to have charge neutrality. This does happen because in most materials at room temperature, there are always some ionized atoms and free electrons. These are available to neutralize ionized atoms.
@@ArvinAsh I got it. Thank you so much, Arvin.
Thanks for making me more dangerous 😈
Greatest physics teacher in the world
Thanks to Arvin, and other physics UTubers, I am already a DINPA.
I salute to you my brilliant respected sir
Simple atom = electron + proton
An atom is considered 99% empty because the distance between
an electron and a proton is 10^-10m. But if an atom contains
an electron and two protons, then the particles are closer to each other
by as much as five orders of magnitude (10^-15m) and
the more complex the atom, the closer the particles are to each other,
and the stronger their connection.
the H size is good, but the He size is all wrong. 1 fm? An electron can't be confined to 1 fm. See: Compton Wavelength.
All nuclear bonds are due to speed and spin of electrons. They bind them with a fast strings positive and negative forces. The are also responsible for chemical bonds and polarity. The chemical bonds are because of directions change. Neutrons are required only for balance of protons.
As a nuclear physicist, ash lied. Nuclear physicist is sooooooo fun 😂😂😂😂😂 great video!
I completely agree with you! But I stand by my statement, haha.
Finally! How has it taken tho long to get this lesson?
Yes, I agree with you. It's dangerous, even insane interesting. When first time heard this info about fission, fusion, radioactivity, decay and quantum things i can't sleep few months. Thinking and looking more info about that. More, MORE and *MORE!* That's how I find yours channel 😁 you have explained almost everything in those videos. Now I can sleep well 😁 thank you 🎉
This was an excellent primer video, but at its end you forgot to mention the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory's recent fusion breakthrough using lasers. For the first time in human history, scientists achieved net energy gain from nuclear fusion without using a hydrogen bomb.
We have achieved fusion using lasers before, the breakthrough appears to be that in the LLB experiment, there was net positive energy created. This, however, needs to be verified.
@@ArvinAsh Yes, thank you for clarifying that the breakthrough appears to be in the experiment’s net energy gain. To be sure as you’ve mentioned, independent verification remains essential for this (and, for that matter, every) scientific breakthrough.
Awosome ..... I m science student n teacher ... Valuable ❤
Thanks, you brought me one step closer to becoming a mad scientist. Lol
Curious are we sure that neutrons in the nucleus remain stable and dont just decay then the electron is immediately captured by a proton which would produce an neutrino which would annihilate with the antineutrino originially produced thus making it appear as if nothing changed.
I knew all of this when I was only 2
you made my college physics course to go to dust ! Honestly i wasted 2 years and dint understand. After watching your video multiple time I am happy now
Every time I re-watch it a little more clicks thanks
Really terrific explanations. I've read a fair amount about radiation, but never realized that beta particles come from the decay of a neutron into a proton. I definitely learned a few things today. Thanks for the video!
Brilliant WILL make you a nuclear physicist in 10 minutes though.
So particles decay and decay and decay. Does decay equal entropy? That would made black holes black helium holes?
This brilliant video has 6k views after five hours. A hamster in a maze has 600k after the same time. This is a scathing indictment of humanity.
شكرا ❤