Ibn Fadlan: Greatest Traveller of the Middle Ages
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 21 ก.ย. 2024
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Kings and Generals animated historical documentary series on medieval history and great travellers continues with a story of Ahmad ibn Fadlan, an Arab traveler and diplomat whose journey took him from Baghdad to Volga riverr.
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If you are into Turkic history, he is very important source for medieval Turks. It gives a lot of information about Turkic tribes such as Khazar, Bulgar, Karluk, Oghuz etc.
So a followup video on Ibn Battuta, sidequest survivalist extraordinaire?
4:19 📜 The message says:
In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
He was with God in the beginning.
Through him all things were made; without him nothing was made that has been made.
In him was life, and that life was the light of all mankind.
The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it.
There was a man sent from God whose name was John.
He came as a witness to testify concerning that light, so that through him all might believe.
sounds like propaganda
8:13 you say "Bashkorids", which is obviously ancestors of modern Bashkirs, yet you say "people that we know as Madyar"...seriously, I've seen you guys making mistakes in your videos, but this is to much
We the Tatars respect this man very much. The territory of Idel Bulgaria and the city of Bolghar, Bilär are part of today’s autonomous country of Tatarstan. Bashkort people he met are highly likely the ancestors of Bashkort people living today in Bashkortostan; Jaiyq/Cayıq is the river in today’s Bashkortostan and Kazakhstan. As an Idel/Volga Tatar Turkic, I learned about him and his long and marvelous journey when I was a kid. I’m glad that more people are exploring this topic right now! Cheers! Räxmät!
What does your name mean?
Bulgarian brothers 🇧🇬❤️
A lesser known fact about him is that he was played by Antonio Banderas in the movie “The 13th Warrior.”
Yes. I have seen that.
@@sagaramskp a lot of people hate that movie but but it will always have a special place in my heart due to my dad playing it all the time when I was younger.
@@heronofalexandria91 the Movie is awesome, a pearl of the genre imo
@@heronofalexandria91 i actually loved that movie, how it started off as a muslim not knowing their language... To him understanding it and became part of them in the end.
@@Nomimonyo I loved the story, I like when he realizes the bear people are just men then he is able to actually fight without being paralyzed by fear.the soundtrack was amazing too.
Ibn Fadlan rahimullah was an amazing traveller may Allah grand him Jannah for his great expeditions he even had contact with Rus Vikings :)
@@ChristianAuditore14 Paradise
"Unfortunately because of the Khazar presence ... they had to go the long way around."
Well, obviously. You can't Fast Travel when enemies are around, after all.
Ah, yes, the skyrim moment. But can't you use a bucket? Click on buckets and dtop them on their heads. Simple.
Yess...in muslim s history...khazars were the only one v mysterious..powerful ppl...n we cdnt defeat.There are reasons for that..some described some i wdnt like to comment on.They were described as beautiful ppl...black brown hairs n blue eyes..fair...brave intelligent ppl..later on we came to know they ve spread in the first wave of tribulations.Strange times we live in.
@@justamanofculture12 Just bring some plates and clip through a wall when they try to get you
"Eaters of the Dead" by Michael Crichton is a fun book based on the adventures Ibn Fadlan. It's a largely fictional story but written very well.
They tried to make a movie of it back in the 90s. It went through several rewrites, a lot of production issues, and went horrendously over budget. It was eventually considered a turd, was given no marketing and promotion, and for whatever reason they changed the title at the last minute to "The 13th Warrior" (always a bad sign). I remember thinking it was okay, but no one liked it when it came out. Despite being a consultant on it, Chrichton himself disowned it.
@@Ishkur23 Actually I liked that movie very much. )))
@@Ishkur23 that was actually a nice movie
Crichton is tricky with his footnotes. Unless you're versed in the history of the ibn Fadlan's real journey, it's easy to miss when the book transitions from his account of real stuff into the fanciful plotline of the book. And yes, The 13th Warrior is a fun movie.
They did the movie 13th Warrior on this book, starring Antonio Banderas. Loved that movie, saw it on VHS 😁
Ibn Battuta: Finally, a worthy opponent! Our battle will be legendary!
His work is one of the earliest sources on ancient Russia and the first Arab account describing non-Muslims. In a section entitled ‘al-Rus’, Ibn Fadlan describes his encounter with a band of traders, west of the river Volga. Little would he have known that centuries later his observations would place him as an important source in piecing together the early history of Russia and its people, about which there is still no clear consensus.
There is info on the Slavs if you care to look. The Kingdom of the Slavs, read the original instead of Peter the Great Translation
I highly doubt his work was the first to describe non Muslims
I like it when you show the travels on maps. It gives us a good picture of the journey and geography. Loved the video! That's the only area of improvement I'd suggest. 😊
who doesn't love maps?
@@sizanogreen9900 infidels
If you are into Turkic history, he is very important source for medieval Turks. It gives a lot of information about Turkic tribes such as Khazar, Bulgar, Karluk, Oghuz etc.
@@jonijoestar6871 Very wrong direction, pal. Itil (Turkic word for Volga) Bulgars were Turkic. I actually hear for the very first time that there is a thesis that tells they have Slavic/Scandinavian roots lmao
@@jonijoestar6871 There are no real proves that Bulgars were of Turkic origin. Their origin is subject of dispute and was also probably mix of different groups. Modern genetic research points to an affiliation with western Eurasian and European populations. You will however see an army of Turkish trols trying to convince you the opposite.
Wasn't this the guy that Antonio Banderas character was based on in The Thirteenth Warrior?
Yes, but with a lot of Hollywoodic distortions
Yep
@@yousifabdalhalim514 a real life character placed in a Beowulf type story.
yes, he was
Yup
Legit one of my,favourite topics to teach on!
Agree!
This is a well done video. My only question is, how do you come to the conclusion that the described "Bashkirs" (which actually are a still existing Kipchak-Turkic ethnicity) might be the early forefathers of the Hungarians, the Magyars (which are supposed to be a Finno-Uralic ethnicity and by modern historical estimates be placed somewhere in western Khazar territory near Crimea on their way to their modern homeland in Hungary by that age)?
The hungarians english = the magyarok huns! Sons of Atilla not turks! First the huns after the rouan-rouans and after the turks! Hungarians:huns and rouan - rouans and heptaliths and parthians! Álmos not muszlim! The hungarians brothers the baskhirs and the volga-bulgars! All huns,not turks! Turks the khazars! The finno-uralic it was a joke! This ethnic groups the north-urals! The hungarians the south-urals and the steppe not the norths! The hungarians not asians!
You guys are smart
The Finno Uralic connection is also a theory as well derived from the similarity of the haplotypes I thought?
@@MrDumbledick Hungarian language belongs to Finno-Ugric family.
@@m.r.raghunath2577 and Richard Sim. So it's just an assumption. No written language evidence is available to linguists. It's pure fantasizing.
Ahmad Ibn Fadhlan: My name is Ahmad Ibn Fahdlan Ibn Al Abbas Ibn Rashid Ibn Hamad.
Herger the Joyous: Eben?
Ahmad Ibn Fahdlan: No, listen, My name is Ahmad Ibn Fahdlan. "Ibn" means "son of".
Herger the Joyous: Eben.
He was the teacher for Chechens, Tatars, Bashkirs, Dagestanis, and other muslim people of Russia 🇷🇺 Federation.
The Chechens and Dagestanis converted during the golden horde era tho
@@guineesspirit7640 @Sev I knew it. The teaching of religion in Islam can be implemented directly or indirectly. By example, If we are the followers of madhhab Imam Shafi'i that doesn't mean we study directly with Imam Shafi'i but we can be considered the students of Imam Shafi'i.
@@sev8538 didn’t the Ottomans do that ?
First emissaries went there to Dagestan and Chechnya abot 8-9 century, but conversation went slowly
Its quite astonishing how big muslim empiers where.
*Empires *were
@@Not-Ap wdym maybe in west they are not known because the west is not educated about eastern history but in the Muslim world they are remembered plus the Abbasid caliphate lasted 800 years which is a long time.
How big they spread their clonization yes
Seeing rhinoceros on the Volga is strange because I remember similarl strange stories that deals with a woolly rhinoceros being part of the fauna in late antiquity and at the beginning of the medieval age. Sarmatians hunting them on horse and such, and that the unicorn is an ancestral remembrance of this powerful and very dangerous animal. Of course, I know they disappeared millennia ago, but the story was weird enough that it stuck with me.
Wtf!? How in the actual fuck Woolly rhinos manage to lived so very far into the far future as far as 1st millenium AD???
@@reteguy7338 The environment supported it basically. There are still ice age animals living in the russian steppe even today such as the siaga although not as many as there once were. As in the ice age humans are the main culprit for there steady depopulation. There are rumor's of mammoths and saber tooth cats in the most distant northerly parts of Russia and even Canada although these are unconfirmed.
@@Not-Ap that does make sense. Now that i think of it, i totally forgot that we still have some pockets of prehistoric megafauna still live and well today in some other parts of the world. Komodo Dragons and Cassowaries come to mind.
@@reteguy7338 did you know that lions lived in Europe before?
@@faisalalkhedhrawi7311 what? I only knew about caspian tiger. European lions...this is my first time.
Love from Baghdad ❤
The ship was burnt on land and a mound was constructed on top of it... The visuals here indicate the Hollywood Viking burial
If you all haven’t already, I highly recommend watch The 13th Warrior. It’s absolutely amazing
Not really, the movie sucked tbh
The only Viking movie Jackson Crawford likes
Or read Michael Crichton's original novel "Eaters of the Dead"
Great video ! The Rus story is a fairly well known story in the islamic world, and unique account as to what those pagan tribes customs were.
Later they become Orthodox Christians instead of adopting Islam only because they can't drink wine and vodka
This isnt Rus culture. This is a fairy tale.
@@raritica8409 This is culture Rus Viking In the Middle Ages .
This is a true story, not fiction.
@@csypoygshovssutcgj9501 What other stories do your people have about the Rus? I am Russian from the North near Finland, and stories like that dont seem to be known.
@علي يا سر The Slavs inhabit Kiev and Russia. Rurik was a Scandanavian warrior who was chosen to lead Keiv Princepality by the Slavic Tibe that lived there. In the early Rus times there were many pricepalites, Novgorod, Vladimir many Kiev being a central point. Viking is a job title, Scandanavian is a people and Slav is a people as well.more.
I see some people arguing that Battuta was a greater traveller than Fadlan, would remind you that there are 4 centuries between the two hence Battuta had better conditions to travel
Fantastic episode. Really love the stories from people traveling to foreign lands in the pre modern era. Since they are not immensed in the culture and most things are as alien to them as us, you get a very interesting insight. I recomend voices of the past for more of these tales.
His chronicler was discovered in a library located in Iran by a Turkish 19th century scholar
@SarrumSaBabilim lol zeki veledi togan had turkish citizenship
"My name is ahmad ibn fadlan ibn al-abbas ibn rashid ibn hamad"
"what's his name?"
"ibn.."
😂😂😂😂
Actually Bashkorts (Russian Bashkirs) are real people and real nation living in modern Bashkortastan. They are Turks of Kipchak origin the people let's say between Tatar and Kazakh.
Yeah I also don't understand how they come up with "probably Magyars"
@@HorvardPasha The Magyars and Baskorts lived in the same confederation at that time. and Arabs routinely confused the two. Magyar and Bashkhir sound very similar to arabs as the M and B sounds are interchangble.
@@teovu5557 With high regards, what confederation might that be? How do the Arabs "routinely confuse them", if they barely even travelled up north? And no, in Arabic you would write Magyar as "مجار" and Bashkir as "بشكير". The letters Mim م and Ba ب are not interchangable and even if they were, the words are written completely different. The Bahskirs lived together with the Magyars at around 500 AD. Around 750 AD they already settled to Levedia (western Khazaria/north-east of the Crimean peninsula between the Don and Azow). Also, the Magyars were part of a failed uprising between 820-839 AD against the Khazar Khan, which is why they had to leave that area as well and moved further West. Around 900AD they arrived and established a power base in Pannonia (modern day Hungary) from where they plundered all across Europe. So when Ibn Fadlan started writing his journey at around 922AD the Magyars already have been in Central Europe largely. Of course there might have been Magyars who settled during all these mass migrations here and there and maybe Ibn Fadlan met them without knowing in Bashkiria. But the possibility of this is very low as Bashkirs have been pagans back then for a very long time as well.
@@HorvardPasha I think it's likely that he might have confused the eastern Magyar population, who were leftovers from the Hungarian migrations mentioned up until the 13th century inhabiting Magna Hungaria, to the other groups living in the area like the Bashkirs. The language would have been really the only thing making them distinct from the surrounding Turkic people, but I doubt an outsider would taken too much of a notice based on that.
@@HorvardPasha Al-Garnati traveled from Baghdad north to Saksin and then north to the Bulghars. He left the Volga Bulghar capital in 1150. He headed west through Russia, Kiev, and Pecheneg land. Then he arrived in Hungary and stayed there for three years. He later returned to Saksin and finally back to Baghdad and wrote down his journeys. He wrote: "After I arrived in Unguriya, where there lives the Bashgird people." He calls the Hungarian king a Bashgird king, who is called Krali.
"
This channel is just hit after hit after hit. Thank you so much for your hard work.
"Icy, cold land of darkness"
They discovered New Jersey this early?
Didin't know there are too many Hobos too
You made me laugh at a bad day with this comment. Thank you
Looool
Finally, someone brave enough to take a swipe at New Jersey. 😁
What an amazing video! A topic never touched on much
If Ibn Fadlan was the greatest medieval traveler what does that make Ibn Battuta?
exactly. clickbait
Exactly,
Ibn Battuta was one of the greatest Amazigh Traveler ❤️❤️❤️
I hope they do a video on Ibn Battuta
@@thetopfootycoach 'Knowledgia' just did that today but I haven't watched it yet
@@michaelleblanc7283 so did History Time channel 4 years ago
Enjoyed this very much. I have read this book and recommend it. The late Michael Crichton wrote a fictional extension and conclusion of Fadlan’s adventures, “Eaters of the Dead”. It was also made into a movie, “The Thirteenth Warrior”. I recommend them. Although fictional they are exciting adventures.
Between the movie about Ahmad ibn Fadlan and Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Battuta, which one will people prefer between these two? This question also extended to the members of the team of this channel as well.
Ibn Battuta
Eban. His dog can jump.
We will need a series about ibm Battuta. The greatest traveler of all times.
Ibn Batuta was traveler but Ibn fadlan was in mession
Personally Ibn Battuta. After all, he'd arrived China.
abusing my early access to beat you all into making a 13th warrior reference.
Beat me to it. :)
But where's the reference?
@@nothingtoospiffy7913 The arab in the movie, played by Banderas, is based on Ibn Fadlan; even has his name.
interesting history. The ending seemed familiar. seemed very reminiscent of the begining of the film 'the Thirteenth Warrior'. which I now know is based on a book by Michael Crichton who was clearly inspired by both Ibn Fadlan and Beowulf. the things you learn eh.
How civilised islam was in that time compare to europeans
@@Kingedwardiii2003 emotional damage
عسى الله أن يهدي طاقم القناة بأكمله للإسلام .. آمين 😌
May Allah guide the whole channel team to Islam .. Amen 😌
Really impressive story.
Can you guys do Algirdas next? He made Lithuania a powerhouse.
Would love to see more of the polish Lithuanian commonwealth
Yes lets see 🙂
Awesome topic, incredible video, ultra awesome illustrations, my congrats to the talented artist 🐎
What a king. There should definetly be a full show made about him.
Masterpiece! Please also do a documentary about the greatest traveller of all times,Ibn Batuta.Thanks.
10:55 i love how King abdulaziz is casually standing there. Great video as always
This dude deserves his own Netflix series like Marco Polo.
No one deserves a Wokeflix series full of fictional nonsense.
Ibn Fadlan saw the Viking funeral and was like “ok yeah I’m retiring effective immediately”
As an iraqi, I feel proud of our great history
العراق تاريخ عظيم ... جمجمة العرب و ارض الحضارة العربية الاسلامية في عزها 🇮🇶
هسة يحكمة معممين جهلة جياف مجرمين وقطيع من الطليان المتربين على العبودية والجهل والتخلف.
A great video would be about the Ummayad Abdul Rahman Al Nasser who ran away from the Abbasids when he was 11 years old and stayed in Tunisia for a couple of years then ruled Spain for about 30-40 years and has done a great job building Cordoba mosque and Al Hambra as well as defeating the vikings.
Very captivating! I enjoy all your videos! Please also cover about Ibn Battuta. I first heard about him from the educational animation, Procidis.
These explorers' chronicles are wonderful! can't wait for more
This guy from my city baghdad, make sure to watch warrior 13
Love from Bangladesh.☺️☺️
"It is He who transports you across land and sea. Until, when you are on ships, sailing in a favorable wind, and rejoicing in it, a raging wind arrives. The waves surge over them from every side, and they realize that they are besieged. Thereupon they pray to God, professing sincere devotion to Him: “If You save us from this, we will be among the appreciative.
But after he has saved them, they commit violations on earth, and oppose justice. O people! Your violations are against your own souls. It is the enjoyment of the present life. Then to Us is your return, and We will inform you of what you used to do"
(Qur'an 10: 22 - 23)
هُوَ ٱلَّذِى يُسَيِّرُكُمْ فِى ٱلْبَرِّ وَٱلْبَحْرِ ۖ حَتَّىٰٓ إِذَا كُنتُمْ فِى ٱلْفُلْكِ وَجَرَيْنَ بِهِم بِرِيحٍۢ طَيِّبَةٍۢ وَفَرِحُوا۟ بِهَا جَآءَتْهَا رِيحٌ عَاصِفٌۭ وَجَآءَهُمُ ٱلْمَوْجُ مِن كُلِّ مَكَانٍۢ وَظَنُّوٓا۟ أَنَّهُمْ أُحِيطَ بِهِمْ ۙ دَعَوُا۟ ٱللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ ٱلدِّينَ لَئِنْ أَنجَيْتَنَا مِنْ هَـٰذِهِۦ لَنَكُونَنَّ مِنَ ٱلشَّـٰكِرِينَ
فَلَمَّآ أَنجَىٰهُمْ إِذَا هُمْ يَبْغُونَ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ ٱلْحَقِّ ۗ يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلنَّاسُ إِنَّمَا بَغْيُكُمْ عَلَىٰٓ أَنفُسِكُم ۖ مَّتَـٰعَ ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا ۖ ثُمَّ إِلَيْنَا مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَنُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
" Over Hills and valleys too "
The point that Ibn Fadlan story reaches us means he was able to get back home
Always a great journey in history. ✨
You forgot the part where the Angel of Death makes him the 13th warrior and he has to travel to the north to help save king Rothgar's kingdom from the Eaters of the Dead.
Ibn Fadlan's party watching the Magyars worshipping cranes and snakes..
Ibn Fadlan- "uhh let's move on....this is a silly place"
Thank you for your hospitality but umm you guys are really freaking us out
Lo, there do I see my father.
Lo, there do I see my mother,
and my sisters, and my brothers.
Lo, there do I see the line of my people,
Back to the beginning!
Lo, they do call to me.
They bid me take my place among them,
In the halls of Valhalla!
Where the brave may live forever
I feel that I hear it before,
Then I remember the opening scene of god of war 4,
Such a fascinating story.
Worthy of a movie.
it was already done , the movie named " the 13th warrior " by antinio banderas
@@00Abrams00 Ibn. 😁
Thank you for Kings and Generals for posting these videos. We always appreciate your hard work and dedication towards these videos. A less known facts in history. I learned lot of things from you. Also i noted down some details. Love from Sri Lanka 🇱🇰🤝🏴.
1:05 Why is the Hagia Sophia post Ottoman conquest shown as a representative of 10th century Baghdad?
Good eyes
Real life foreshadowing
Unfortunately, Volga Bulgaria with a rich and long history is now under Russian occupation.
No Volga Bulgarians live in the Kama and Volga area now as their people were all slaughtered by Batu-Khan's mongols in 1236. Nowadays, it's mostly a Tatar populated area known as Tatarstan and a essential part of Russia's European heartland.
@@user-jw1eb9cy9d please don't speard Russian lies here
The Tatar and Chuvash peoples are descendants of the volga Bulgarians and their Homeland is occupied by the Russians.
@@bitterballs356 Mama Russia has a short and fake history
It even takes its name from a Germanic Viking tribe that has nothing to do with the Slavs. 😂
@@bitterballs356 Russia is a shambling corpse, it’s not really “there”.
@@khanqashqai they are not a descendants simple because this are was largely depopulated before the 14th century when Golden Horde colonists began living there. Basically, even if there were a small group of Volga Bulgarians after 1236(which is highly doubtful as Batu razed Bulgar and killed all of it's population as well as the population of nearby areas) they were assimilated by Tatar-Mongols. Kazan Tatars bear no sights of Bulgar's culture and the ruins of Bulgar towns are, well, ruins and weren't repopulated as Tatars created new ones(Kazan, Cheboksary, etc.).
Regarding the occupation... yeah, Kazan was conquered by the forces of Ivan The Forth in 16th century and Tatars lost their independence. However, Russians didn't even try to convert them as there were simply a lot of people so culture remains intact and almost untouched by Russian influence. Kazan is a beautiful city and a fairly quiet one, when visiting Russia(including Moscow, Sankt-Petersburg, Vladimir, Tver, Tula, Nizhny Novgorod, Ryazan, etc), one should definitely visit Tatarstan.
The endangered Chuvash language is the only living representative of the Bulgar branch, the earliest offshoot of Proto-Turkic (PT), which is in many respects opposed to the Common Turkic (CT) languages. Evidence from Chuvash is of vital importance in reconstructing Proto-Turkic, particularly its phonology. Chuvash represents characteristic features of the Bulgar branch, such as two types of rhotacism (PT *ŕ > CT /z/, Bulg. /r/; PT *δ > Bulg. /r/ with /j/, /d/, /t/ and /z/ in different subgroups of CT), lambdacism (PT *λ > CT /š/, Bulg. /l/), the “Bulgar palatalization” (PT *s- > Bulg. /š-/ and PT *t- > Bulg. /č-/ in certain contexts) etc. (Dybo 2010; Róna-Tas & Berta 2011). These correspondences provide a more complete reconstruction of the Proto-Turkic phonological system.
Yeah, but the Volga/Itil Bulgars are more connected with the nowadays Volga/Kazan Tatars than with Chuwash people.
This is total crap. Bulgar languaged died out along the Volga river. I'm afraid you have no clue.
The Bulgars were a Turkic tribal confederation that gave rise to the Balkan Bulgar and Volga Bulgar states. The ethnonym derives from the Turkish bulgha-, "to stir, mix, disturb, confuse." The confederation appears to have taken shape among Oghur tribes in the Kazakh steppes following the migrations that were touched off by movements of the Hsiung-nu. Later Byzantine sources (Agathon, Nicephorus Patriarchus, Theophanes) closely associate or identify the Bulgars with the Onoghurs, who were enemies of Sassanid Iran in the late 4th century. When or how this connection developed is unclear. If we discount several (most probably) anachronistic notices on the Bulgars in Moses Kliorenats'i (Moses of Chorene), the earliest references to them are perhaps to be found in an anonymous Latin chronograph of 354: "Vulgares." They are absent from Priscus's account of the migration, ca. 463, of the Oghuric Turks into the Pontic steppes, but by 480 they are noted under their own name as allies of Constantinople against the Ostrogoths. Amity with Byzantium was short-lived. By 489 the Bulgars had initiated a series of raids on Byzantine Balkan possessions. Their habitat, at this stage, appears to have been in the eastern Pontic steppes stretch-ing into the Azov region and North Caucasus. It is here that Jordanes and Pseudo-Zacharius Ithetor place them in the mid-6th century. Shortly afterward, they were overrun and subjugated by the Avars and then the Turks. When Turk rule weakened, sometime after 600, the Avars appear to have reestablished some control over the region. It was against Avar rule that the Bulgars-under their leader Qubrat, whom Heraclius had been cultivating for some rime (he and his uncle were baptized in Constantinople to 619)-revolted ca. 631-632 and founded the Onoghundur-Bulgar state. Some time after Qubrat's death (660s), this Pontic - Maeotun Bulgaria, whose Balkan descendents would also claim Attilid origins, came into conflict with the Khazar khaganate, successor to the Turk empire in western Eurasia. The Khazars emerged victorious from the contest, and parts of the Bulgar union broke up and migrated. One grouping under Asperukh in 679 crossed the Danube into Moesia and, having subjugated a local Slavic confederatton, there laid the foundation for the Balkan Bulgarian state. Yet other groups joined the Avar state in Pannonia (where some would prove to be rebellious subjects or took up restience in Italy around the five Rasennate cities, to live as Byzantine subjects.The other Bulgars either remained in the Pontic steppe zone the (the “Black Bulgars” of Byzantine and Rus’ sources) or later migrated (perhaps as early as the mid-7th century or as late as the mid-8th to early 9th century) to the middle Volga region, giving rise there to the Volga Bulgarian state, which remained, however a vassal of the Khazars. Balkan Bulgaria soon became an important element in Byzantine politics, on occasion supporting contestants to the throne and also helping to defeat the Arab attack on Constantinople of 717-18.The iconoclastic Emperor Constantine (741-775) began a series of wars against them that remained a constant theme of Byzantine-Bulgarian relations until the destruction of the first Bulgarian empire by Basil II (976-1025).In 864 the Bulgarian king Boris, outmaneuvered by Constantinople, converted to Christianity. Thereafter, the Turkic Bulgars underwent Slavicization, and Balkan Bulgaria became one of the centers of medieval Slavic. The Volga Bulgars, however, converted to Islam in the early 10th century and created a highly sophisticated, urbane, mercantile Muslim society that, after stout resistance, was conquered by the Mongols in the early 13th century.
Bowersock, Glen W. & al. Late Antiquity: A Guide to the Postclassical World pp.354 Harvard University Press, 1999. ISBN 0-674-51173-5.
Another turk who thinks everyone from Napoleon to Julius Caesar was turk.
@@koliomasona4511 Harvard is my favorite Turkic university :-)
@@koliomasona4511 ahhahahah cry🤣
@@koliomasona4511 bulgarians were turkic.they later got assimilated in the balkans to slavs.
And yet Bulgarians have 0% Turkish DNA 🤷♂
Man both arabs and Portuguese were great travellers
* Marco Polo and Cristoforo Colombo *:
Hold my spiced wine.
13:43 Damn I didn’t know Ibn Fadlan met Obi Wan Kenobi
I feel like I just watched the prequel to the movie "the 13th warrior" and seriously wonder if this real traveller was the inspiration for that tale. Great video!
The movie is inspired by this, yes.
@@SammyAgon it's a joke
His accounts also teach us about how humanity lived when they were pagans. How scary it gets in the world of false gods and idols. And how monotheism rid humanity of their cruelest and darkest practices.
False gods? Do you know a real god?
14:10 This did put a smile on my face too
Did you know that Pecheneg Khan, Kurya , drank from the skull of Russian prince Sviatoslav. It is done in nomadic culture to prove that he is superior to his opponent. Awsome vidio, dude.
🟩🟩🟩 a very nice video... I hope that the next one will be about the journey of Afoqai alhajari, which is the adventure of a Spanish Muslim escaping from the Inquisition courts and his travels to France and the Netherlands
Excellent comprehensive coverage i have read the book Land of Darkness based on Ahmad ibn e Fadlan diary notes also Hollywood has made a beautiful movie 13th warrior on the subject
8:16 Despite the fact that the said area was probably Magna Hungaria (discovered by Father Julianus in the 13th c.), the early settlement of the Hungarians, the people living there at that time were already Bashkirs of Turkic origin, who still live there to this day. At 922 the Magyars already conquered the Carpathian basin. There was still some Magyar people around in the area till the 1200s. But in negligible numbers. and as far as I'm concerned the Magyars totem animals were the Turghul bird (Kerecsen hawk), deers (Tale of the miraculous deer), horses (horse sacrificies as religious rituals), and they were also fond of griffs (even so that these creatures were mythical). But I'd never heard of worshiping snakes and cranes. And eating lice is diffenetly out as the Magyars were sami-nomadic and had proper agriculture as well as herding animals. Or if its only the atribute of those Magyars who had stayed in the region, and picked up the habit from other cultures.
@SarrumSaBabilim the phallus element in worship has Khazar origins as far as I'm concern. I think even on this channel, there's a video about it.
(good read in wikipedia)
ibn fadlan 900
benjamin tudela 1100
ibn battutah 1300 AD
All the people who say “the 13th warrior” sucked… this is why we can’t have good movies, even tho it’s fantasy, everything in it consists of crazy good details on how life was, how to set n make defence set ups, linguistics, cultures, etc etc
“Merciful Father.... I have squandered my days with plans of many things.
This was not among them. But at this moment, I beg only, to live the next few minutes well.
For all we ought to have thought and have not thought... All we ought to have said and have not said. All we ought to have done and have not done. I pray thee, God for forgiveness.”
― Ahmed Ibn Fadlan
We in islam would consider it hersey to call God father
Is this the only in the 13th warrior or legit historical account of the man?
I don't believe this.
Showing Hagia Sophia with minarets in 921 A.D. is a very grave anachronism.
cry greek !
@@essidmedamine8130 at least we are still around.We cannot tell the same for Hannibal Barca ,his city and his people.
But the real question is, how did they get Ibn Fadlan’s diary?
@Chris Walker Printing was invented 450year after that, when the muslims already were forever changed by the Monghol massacres and the black death, and they started rejecting any new innovation especially from the Christians, printers were not allowed in, the writers in fear of loosing their jobs and what not...etc it was illegal in the Ottoman empire, in fact the first printing press in the middel east was only built mid 19th century
@@Yanzdorloph
1-"Printing" wasn't invented.
2-Making copies of books does not require printing machines, there were well funded sections with hundreds of employees to manually print books and distribute them around the Arab and Islamic world in educational institutions Baghdad, Cairo, Jerusalem, Medina, Aleppo, Damascus, Qairawan, Fez, Cordoba, Seville, Palermo, Tripoli and Aden.
At some point, each copy made was rewarded with half the weight of the book in gold by the House of Wisdom.
Ibn Fadhan's book has some copies from as early as the 13th century, reserved in museums or owned as a heritage by some families.
@@Yanzdorloph
Oh and the Muslims were effected by the Mongols in the Eastern front only, Iran and Eastern Arabia, African Arabia and Iberia were thriving at the time.
Muslims didn't reject anything from Christians due to the lack of anything from them at the time, it is the Ottomans in the 18th century and beyond that doomed the Islamic world, focusing on military expansion unlike the Arabs who focused on trade and education, banning the printing machines and not providing any funds for educational institutions to a point where the only available educational institutions were those left by the Abbasid era in Palestine and Egypt only.
Legend says the Bulgars are still waiting for their money.
A travelogue corresponding to a little-known period of Turkic history. On the one hand, pagan Turks, Jewish Turks and Turks who newly accepted Islam. I wish there were more sources about that period.
Rus in arabic means The Russians.
it was interesting story about Ibn Fadlan actually i like these stories and journeys which remind us of struggling and passion in travelling to other land and meet other cultures.
The Rus means The Rus. It was not even arabic, it was a general name. It's like saying the American is American in Polish. Of course it is. But we don't mean Native Americans when we talk about "The Americans"
Do not confuse the medieval Rus with modern russians of Russian Federation.
@@hannibalburgers477 the Rus of the 10th century got nothing to do with the Russians that came later, that place of the world knew a lot of demographic changes during and after that period
@@Yanzdorloph we still call them roos
@@Yanzdorloph why? that Rus are not slavic tribes like modern russians?
Ibn Battuta : Finally a worthy opponent! Our battle will be legendary!
Great video!
Really interesting topic.
18:21 What?! - 18:37 Jesus Christ. 18:48 Horrific is an understatement.
17:58 he took it personally 😂😂
What an Era and geography that was?! imagine the toughest of us citizens of the 21st century taking that journey even in a G63 Mercedes... Unbelievable
I could probably manage it in my Wolseley Landcrab - you just have to know what you're doing - have a tough vehicle - and with the Wolseley pump up the suspension and install sump protection, dual tanks and a smooth undertray (drag and slither method).
Most cars can go cross country fairly well, just follow a route it can cope with and install off road grade protective gear and chunky tyres.
@@rosiehawtrey I would watch the vids when you upload them, cheers!
A century later people of that time would say how can some one drive a Mercedes G 63 for couple of meters its so harsh and uncomfortable
@@mohmadsirajoddin7712 It's more how they dissolve worse than a Morris Marina in a rainstorm. G63 at the local Merc garage - rotten through the metal at 5 years old. Avoid anything Merc after 2008. Quality falls off a cliff.
@@yousifabdalhalim514 It's more an access problem nowadays than a physical ability problem - people own the land now and they get stroppy - plus the wonderful joys of wars and religious fundamentalists. And those wonderful eco idiots.. But the ADO17 Landcrab with mods (Leyland special tuning motor and manual ride height pump) is a rally winning car, so shouldn't be a problem for it - although I might use the airless tyres - saves lugging 2x14x4.5 on the roof - they're damn heavy.
Suspension is hydrolastic - nitrogen gas plus alcohol pressurised - alcohol now has a toxicant in it - because people used to cut the lines and drink it.. And the suspension pressure was something like 245psi, so rather them than me..
Look up the kubelwagen too, interesting machine used drop axles..
Muslim explorers such as Ibn Fadlan or Ibn BatuTah first explored the world, long before Europeans.
Yeah, and somehow, it was Europeans who managed to create economies, juridicial systems and trade to dominate the world whilst muslims achieved next to nothing in the long term.
But of course, nobody needed to make discoveries in the muslim world. If you're a muslim in Tunisia for example, you can just go to China with no big problems other than toil you're to endure.
Islam is at the middle of the trade network in between Far East and Europe.
An excellently done video. My compliments to all those who made this video a reality.
Reminds me of the movie “13th Warrior”
Would love more videos on the history and culture/customs of the bulgars, both volga and danubian, as well as earlier
You did a video on Bar Sauma. You did one on Ibn Fadlan. Now you absolutely HAVE GOT to do one on Benjamin de Tudela!
*What is Islam?*
Islam is the name of the religion, or more properly the ‘way of life’, which God (Allah) has revealed and which was practiced by all of the Prophets and Messengers of God that He sent to mankind. Islam specifically means being in the state of submission to God, worshipping Him Alone, and reverently accepting and obeying His Law.
*Who are Muslims?*
The Arabic word “Muslim” literally means “someone who is in a state of Islam (submission to the will and law of God)”. The message of Islam is meant for the entire world, and anyone who accepts this message becomes a Muslim.
*Who is Allah?*
Often one hears the Arabic word “Allah” being used in discussions regarding Islam. The word “Allah” is simply the Arabic word for Almighty God, and is the same word used by Arabic speaking Christians and Jews. As a matter of fact, the word Allah was in use far before the word God ever came into existence, since English is a relatively new language. If one were to pick up an Arabic translation of the Bible, one would see the word “Allah” being use where the word “God” is used in English. For instance, Arabic speaking Christians say that Jesus is, according to their canon belief, the Son of Allah. In addition, the Arabic word for Almighty God, “Allah”, is quite similar to the word for God in other Semitic languages.
*Who is Muhammad?*
The last and final prophet whom God sent to humanity was the Prophet Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him.
*What are the Teachings of Islam?*
The foundation of the Islamic faith is belief in absolute Monotheism (the Oneness of God). This means to believe that there is only one Creator and Sustainer of everything in the Universe, and that nothing is divine or worthy of being worshipped except for Him.
*What is the Quran?*
The Quran is the final revelation of Allah to all of mankind, which was spoken by Allah the Exalted Himself and conveyed through the Arch-Angel Gabriel in Arabic to the Prophet Muhammad, in sound, word and meaning.
*What does Islam say about Jesus?*
The Islamic belief about Jesus demystifies for us who the real Jesus was. Jesus in Islam was an extraordinary individual, chosen by God as a Prophet and sent to the Jewish people. He never preached that he himself was God or the actual son of God. He was miraculously born without a father, and he performed many amazing miracles such as healing the blind and the lepers and raising the dead - all by God’s permission. Muslims believe that Jesus will return before the day of Judgement to bring justice and peace to the world. This Islamic belief about Jesus is similar to the belief of some of the early Christians.
Thanks
13:35 Why is that guy holding that sword backwards? xD
Looks to be an falx sword from the buldge on the tip.
@@EukalyptusBonBon Just no. Those were used in Iberia during the Roman times.
He is clearly holding a Scimitar backwards.
@@5chr4pn3ll could it be because of TH-cam policy? Maybe they didn’t want to risk getting demonetized but still wanted to show a pict of man in execution pose so they just swap the sword around lol
@@EukalyptusBonBon I don't think youtube would care what way a sword was held.
It's simply a mistake by the artist
Fantastic video keep it up your doing amazing job
I did my dissertation on the applicability of Viking Sagas on our understanding of Norse Culture in the 9th-10th century, i noted the work of Ibn Fadlan and his observations of the Norse/Rus people a couple of times, this takes me back!
nice!
You would also like to talk about Evliya Celebi, the Ottoman traveler who lived in the 17th century
Great traveler, best pokemon
But even among Turks he was known for bullshitting
isn't 17th century Victorian era ? Europe already discovered and documented most of the world back then, ppl were doing globe tours in the 17th century
@@Yanzdorloph victorian era is 19th century
@@howdoyouturnthison7827 na it ends in 1900 havivi. But that's not the point.
The Bulgars is the first Turkic kingdom that converted into Islam.
I'm hoping for Ibn Battuta next
It's really a charming topic to the level that some people actually hold valid the fantasy story "Eaters of the Dead" by Michel Chrichton which was partially based on Ibn Fadlan Manuscript, and consider it a real historical documentation of the events that followed this meeting with Russ.
About time to watch "The 13th Warrior", my 2-yearly routine.
Lol to each his own. Totally unhistorical, I agree though. It's for a bit of fun watching
Thanks for very good history
Another traveler was Joseph of Tudela, born a couple centuries or se after Ibn Fadlan
What a badass dude.