th-cam.com/video/3rQ93W29FO0/w-d-xo.htmlsi=sW65ZG9aGJCFgY-r This is the question that I am referring to. The prokaryote doesn’t have the intron so it doesn’t get removed.
In prokaryotes they don't have introns whille eukaryotic have introns and extrons so in post transcriptional the introns basically get sliced out which eventually makes them equalll
The CED does not define which mutations we need to know. It states “describe the various types of mutations” with saying “alterations in a DNA sequence can lead to changes in the type or amount of protein… and the phenotype”
I’m a little confused, since you mentioned that the DNA is synthesized 5’ to 3’ and read 3’ to 5’ in DNA replication, but in your lovely animation (which was very helpful btw) the primase was moving in the 3’ to 5’ direction.
At 9:49 - I put the first nucleotide on the 3’ nucleotide on the parent strand. That’s the “reading” 3’ to 5’. At 9:59 you can see the new strand and the phosphate group is on the left showing it’s being made 5’ to 3’. Hope that helps!
@@apbiopenguinsinsta-review4538 Also, I just wanted to double check, what does it mean by “reading”? I understand that the synthesis is just adding on the nucleotides to the strand, but what does the “reading” part mean in this scenario?
@@annfortunately6769 the direction that it is doing the base pairing. If you were looking by at one strand to base pair as a person you would read the letters in that order.
because DNAP III (DNA polymerase) always runs 5' to 3', but since the DNA is antiparallel, then how does DNAP III run continuously like the leading strand? well, that is why it's run discontinuously in Okazaki fragments, so essentially the DNAP III MOVES in sections 3' to 5' on the NEW STRAND, buts ADDS nucleotides 5' to 3'.
Additional note: you are not required to know the difference between the three different DNA polymerase just that they have these multiple jobs (and what they are)
Look at the strands. I don’t have the image memorized, but there should be a phosphate at one end of the strand and the hydroxyl group of the pentose sugar at the other end. If you look at the second strand that is paired with it, the phosphate will be on the opposite side. That’s what I mean by 5 prime and 3 prime. It’s antiparallel. The DNA is read in the direction from the 3 end to a the 5 end (so 3 to 5) while the DNA is made in the direction from 5 end to the 3 end (so 5 to 3). Hope that helps. Balancing my kids.
How would a strand of a eukaryotic cell be the same size as a prokaryotic cell's 21:10? Could you please explain
th-cam.com/video/3rQ93W29FO0/w-d-xo.htmlsi=sW65ZG9aGJCFgY-r
This is the question that I am referring to. The prokaryote doesn’t have the intron so it doesn’t get removed.
In prokaryotes they don't have introns whille eukaryotic have introns and extrons so in post transcriptional the introns basically get sliced out which eventually makes them equalll
@@AminaMahamud-y8o “exons” be careful with spelling - used alone it might be thought you are trying to split your bets.
Do we need to know the types of mutations that occur? Like translocation, inversion etc.
The CED does not define which mutations we need to know. It states “describe the various types of mutations” with saying “alterations in a DNA sequence can lead to changes in the type or amount of protein… and the phenotype”
Should we memorize them
@@AminaMahamud-y8o you should never memorize anything - should you learn… yes… yes you should 🫶🏻
I’m a little confused, since you mentioned that the DNA is synthesized 5’ to 3’ and read 3’ to 5’ in DNA replication, but in your lovely animation (which was very helpful btw) the primase was moving in the 3’ to 5’ direction.
At 9:49 - I put the first nucleotide on the 3’ nucleotide on the parent strand. That’s the “reading” 3’ to 5’. At 9:59 you can see the new strand and the phosphate group is on the left showing it’s being made 5’ to 3’. Hope that helps!
@@apbiopenguinsinsta-review4538 Thank you
@@apbiopenguinsinsta-review4538 Also, I just wanted to double check, what does it mean by “reading”? I understand that the synthesis is just adding on the nucleotides to the strand, but what does the “reading” part mean in this scenario?
@@annfortunately6769 the direction that it is doing the base pairing. If you were looking by at one strand to base pair as a person you would read the letters in that order.
Thank you so much!!
38:37 miss in gel electrophoresis how to know which one is negative or positive i saw in one question.
The DNA is negatively charged so it will be drawn towards the positive end of the electrophoresis chamber
why is the lagging strand made discontinously and away from the replication fork?
because DNAP III (DNA polymerase) always runs 5' to 3', but since the DNA is antiparallel, then how does DNAP III run continuously like the leading strand? well, that is why it's run discontinuously in Okazaki fragments, so essentially the DNAP III MOVES in sections 3' to 5' on the NEW STRAND, buts ADDS nucleotides 5' to 3'.
Additional note: you are not required to know the difference between the three different DNA polymerase just that they have these multiple jobs (and what they are)
Misss in translation when reading the codon should i read the mrna codon or the dna one
Codons are mRNAs.
Stupid question, but prokaryotes under ttranscription and translation for gene regulation along with Operons? or am i confused
Yes. The operon is the gene expression for prokaryotes.
Do you talk about Null hypothesis at all?
Not sure - I made this video almost a month ago. I talk about it at the end of the CRAM Session that I did today.
i dont understand what it means by 3-5 or 5-3 direction
Look at the strands. I don’t have the image memorized, but there should be a phosphate at one end of the strand and the hydroxyl group of the pentose sugar at the other end. If you look at the second strand that is paired with it, the phosphate will be on the opposite side. That’s what I mean by 5 prime and 3 prime. It’s antiparallel. The DNA is read in the direction from the 3 end to a the 5 end (so 3 to 5) while the DNA is made in the direction from 5 end to the 3 end (so 5 to 3). Hope that helps. Balancing my kids.
@@apbiopenguinsinsta-review4538 oh my gosh thank you that was actually very useful and helpful