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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 13 ต.ค. 2024
- In this video we shall see the correct pronunciation of the visarga. I will explain and also give some examples. And I will be referring to the shiksha shastras to understand the correct pronunciation.
Visarga is nothing but the two dots that you see at the end of many words in Samskritam. While teaching alphabets it is usually taught like this aH, because, the visarga is a sound which cannot be uttered independently. But many people think visarga is same as ha. In this video we shall explore this question "Is visarga pronounced the same as ha"?, how to pronounce the visarga in sanskrit, what is the correct way to pronounce visarga.
I will be referring to the shiksha shastras, the science of phonetics to explain the proper way to pronounce visarga.
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#what is the right way to pronounce visarga in sanskrit
#is visarga pronunciation like ha
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My vaidya gave me a mantra. He was pronouncing the visarg in north indian way as explained by you but i was pronouncing it in south indian way. I was confused about the correct one when i realized this difference later. But now i found perfect explanation. Thank you a million!
Beautifully explained!! Thank you!!!
This channel deserves a lot more views and subscribers.
DO SOMETHING TH-cam
Thank you so much!
@@tattvam THANK YOU, for your great work!
🙏🙏🙏
Excellent❤
I am so glad I found this channel. I have never seen anyone on social platform admitting that their pronunciation was flawed, and they have corrected it. Your integrity and humility are the indicator of your aadhyatmik sadhana.
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I am from Maharashtra and here we are taught to pronounce visarga the way you are saying it (as a praNayam exhalation and not as a vyanjana h), but it is for the visarga coming in between the sentence/verse; for the visarga coming at the end, we pronounce it as south Indian way ie aha aahaa ihi uhu ehe aihi auhu. I shall now try to change the end visarga pronunciation as you have taught.
.
You always quote the shloks from shikshaashaastra to support and confirm the teaching, this is the most relieving aspect of it. After all ordinary Sanatanis like us, we do not have a clue from where a rule is applied and how to confirm it.
It would be further helpful if you can give the grantha name and adhyaaya-shloka number on the screen for any AshTaadhyaayee sutra or shikshaashaastra verse.
One more request is, please pronounce 'Sanskrit' as 'Sanskrit/Sanskrut' and not as sanskriT (a and t like in 'cat') even while speaking in English, as it is the language name which is not translatable and thus not to be anglonised, just like we do not pronounce our own names differently while speaking in different languages.
Please urge others also to say the language name as it is. 🙏
Thank you. I have started v using Samskritam now. So in my recent videos you will see me using Samskritam
Thanks from Punjab, dear sister.
🎉🎉🎉🎉Well done!!!!!!
Ratnalekha
South Africa
Madam, excellent. Not aware of thus for decades. Thanks for your teachings . Very user-friendly, crisp, short and beneficial. Dhanyavadah.
Thanks a lot
Please make a video on the application of visarga. You have clearly explained how to pronounce visarga in this video which is appreciated. Thank you.
I am from South Africa my name is Shamla Dukhan.
My heartfelt gratitude to you for sharing your knowledge with all of us. I know very little Samskrit and found your explainations very simple and very clear. The clarity of how to pronounce the visarga is excellent. ❤
Very clear explanation.. Thanks al lot.
Thank you
बहुत सुंदर🎉
Thank u very much.
नमः
(Bangladesh)
Best one. Jayatu Sanaskritam
Thank you devi ji.❤❤
Exactly correct ❤❤❤
Thanks a lot for this explanation, being from the South I too pronounced so far wrongly, will correct myself 👍🏼🙏🏼
Superb Bhagini. Dhanyosmi.
I would like you to do video on the Shiv Tandav Stotram.Looking forward to it .Om Namah shivay
Thank you Ma'am...I was so doubtful about this pronounciation about variety of this spelling from 2 years...
Thank you ma'am for such an insightful video 🙏 dhanyavadha🙏😊
I am very happy that you are making such excellent videos
Ma'am I'm so grateful of you, you are the only teacher so far I found on Internet who was accurately correct all the time, you deserve much more reach as swarnayug is here 😅 after this will begin ghor kalyug 😅 Idk but the sudden reach of Bhakti feels it's here.
Hi POETIC BEAUTY ji
ur explanation is awesome.... G
Very clearly explained.
It's now almost practiced by all that visarga used as hi ha or he etc. So how can we convince in a group. Only when chanting alone we can adopt this.
But i am convinced by your clear explanation with proof. ❤❤
Thank-you so much bhagini.
Many rules I learnt from you .
Looking forward for more information.
You have described it correct way
..😊very helpful
Very nice explanation. Was looking for something like this.
सर्वः शर्वः शिवः स्थाणु: भूतादि: निधि: अव्ययः ।
संभवो भावनो भर्ता प्रभवः प्रभु: ईश्वरः ।। 4 ।।
Namaslaram Madam, How do you recite this shloka where there is 'f' sound heard between these two words प्रभवः प्रभु: and why is it so? Thank you and I appreciate your good work!
Namaste, 🙏🏼 please can you help how to pronounce हरिः ॐ? Because it's difficult to make Harih om,which stands at the end of so many chanting. Everyone chant Harihi Om.
Excellent Madam.
I would also like you make a video on rules of using halant symbol ( ् ) in Sanskrit.
So beautifully explained . I have come across this video while searching for visarga sandhi rules to learn Vishnu Sahasranama. Therefore suggest and request you to do a video on this stotra which will immensely benefit a large number of people. Aithough many videos are available on You tube and have a very large no. of viewers , but I think the chanters themselves have no correct knowledge of visarga pronounciation I hope you will consider it seriously.
Thank you very much for your suggestion. I will definitely do it.
Wow! Same here 🙏🏼
@@tattvam Thanks
Very good
Thank you so much Ma'am
Mam 👌👌👌👌👌
Mahodaya namo namah❤
Namaste. Your videos are very informative. I had a question, what is the मात्राकाल when we say अः or आः. Thank you for teaching through these wonderful videos.
bhagini is the shloka in the video from paniniya shiksha?
Namaste amma thanks 🙏 for your videos. These are some very basic and useful facts 🙏
I am watching it for the second time to learn everything properly
सम्यक्
Bahu uththamam ji
Dhanyavaadaha
🙏
Great madam ❤❤❤❤
Pranam ,
Please explain the rules of pronounciation when visarga comes before pa,sa,ta, etc.
Can you please make a video on meaning of namah
Very clear. Thank you
Very helpful. I would love to know how you recommend pronouncing the first line of the Gayetri mantra, which has a visarga at the end of it. Thanks.
Namaskaram ma'am, thank you very much for the excellent video and the wonderful material you share on your channel! I think I still have an unresolved question: what is the difference, if any, between the visarga (रामः) and a ह with a halant (रामह्)? The way we are pronouncing it in the video, it seems like the latter should suffice, why is there a whole different symbol for the visarga? Thank you very much once again, and please keep up the great work!
Perfect !!
👃Thanks, in the Gayathri manthra ' the penultimate part 'dhiyo yonah' where the visarga occurs was confusing for me . Now I have got it correctly.
there the visarga and प of प्रचोदयात् combine together to sound like फ
this is tru when the visarga comes in the middle, it always combines with the first letter of the next word
in samskRtam, the flow is never abruptly stopped and restarted. in fact, even in the word samskRtam, "m" is not to be pronounced fully.
Well explained. I already knew, because if you pronounce visarga as ह you get an extra syllable. In modern Indian languages there is no h sound at the end of a word. There is a final h in some European languages, but not in English.
Hari om!
I am a beginner and I have a doubt.
I understand the right way of visarga pronunciation is the North Indian style.but is there a difference in the pronunciation of it when visarga comes in the end of a line?
Should it be pronounced in the South Indian way if it comes in the end of a line?
Thanks in advance 🙏
Also, not all South Indians pronounce incorrectly. The Kerala Namboodiris pronounce the visarga the correct way you have described.
In the 11th anuvaka of the Chamakam, they don’t make the ‘goom’ sound for the numbers like the other South Indians. Hiw do you pronounce it?
I would like to see you talk in sanskrit and teach sanskrit in sanskrit.
Namaste
can you please quote the particular shastra which you have referred?
for further referencing purposes..
I have referred to Paniniya Shiksha
Subscribed and liked
Thank you very much.
How do you pronounce Narai: and karmabandhanai: ???
Very useful 🙏 Thank you!
Glad it was helpful!
धन्यवाद ताई छान स्पष्टीकरण दिलात
I came to hear the Jihvamuliya and Upadhmaniya Variations in pronunciations of Visarga.
Jayatu Sanatan
1st, please accept my haertfelt thanks. I want to learn proper way of sanskrit pronounciation. Living in Canada, past 37 years I want to practice shlok recitation. Please guide as appropriate.
Mam, at 4:39, there is a visarga in नि:श्वासो. Can you kindly explain how to pronounce such visarga in the middle of a word? As much as I heard, you didn't use the "exhaling" visarga sound and instead was like a "निश्श्वासो" pronunciation.
Your theory is, no doubt, correct. Madam, but your pronunciation of Bisarga still contains the letter Ha. Isn't it a mistake ?
Please clarify my doubt - should we pronounce Samskritam or sanskritam , nrsimha or nrsingha , kansa or kamsa etc.
Edit -about the pronounciation of Anuswara in different words
Show how to pronounce deerga swaritha please
Is this applicable to veda mantras?
Yes. Very much.
My guru and none of the other gurus seem to be following this. Anytime phrase ends in visarga, they always say aha
Namaskar Mam, can you please explain the rules as to where Visarga is used after a word.
स्त uccharan half sa uccharan any video plzzz and you are looking very beautiful today
Madam, please pronounce(in writing) visarga before other letters like क्ष, स etc. with examples.
😂Who can disagree with Bhartruhari or your interpretation? I look forward for the next slokams
How would pronounce ह्रं:
I've heard lots of recordings of Vedic chants, where the "a-ha" pronunciation is clear, and also incorporated into the melody and rhythm of the chanting. So in that context it doesn't make sense to consider it incorrect. It's a pronunciation that real speakers use, right?
True. That is how south Indians pronounce it, including me. We can accept it because that is how it is being pronounced since many many years. But according to the Shiksha shastras it is supposed to be pronounced as aH.
🙌💖🙏
Mujhe athi prasanta hoti hai jab mai sanskrit sikh tahun
B- as? Final Arjuna
H- sound of universe 👂Alma
🙏💐🌼🌼🌸💞
Very clearly explained.
But only one correction. South Indians pronounce visarga as "aha" only while teaching.But while reciting slokas or Mantras we pronounce it as "ah".
Kindly clarify if there is any difference in pronounciation of visargaha when it occurs at the end of a pada or line and when it occurs with words in the middle of a pada. The examples of VS slokas that you have given do not have visargas in the middle of a line except only one
There is no difference in the pronunciation of visarga even if it is in the middle of a pada. The pronunciation is the same everywhere.
@@tattvam Thanks.By the way are there any videos on Visargaha sandhi and anuswara sandhi in your channel ? If there are kindly give links . SORRY for the repeated queries.
@@narayanathota4318 I dont have videos on visrga sandhi and anuswara sandhi. I was thinking of making a video on the visarga sandhi because it is there is the paniniya shiksha. Now that you are asking I will make a video on that.
@@tattvam Thanks . Will be eagerly waiting. Kindly also do one on VS
Ma'am, visarga does not have an independent pronunciation and it is pronounced as per the preceding swara
Mam how to pronounce Nama: ?
Isit I or AY?
जनैः
how to pronounce this correctly
ज+नई +ह्
or
ज+नई +ही
which is correct
Pa பி pu before visarga
how topronunciation
What about the visarga at the end of the sentence? It should also be the same way as explained in the video (as in the two shlokas from Vishnu sahasranama) instead of it being aha, ihi uhu etc?
Yes
Thank you
Mata ji mujhe isey bolna nahi ah Raha hai vo (nrusimha )
This much examples are not enough plsezzzz add some more example so that any one can understand it so easely
Another way to confirm that visarga - Ithe erroneous South Indian way changes the chhandas of mantras.
My comment will be divided into parts.
The 1st part is this comment, the remaining parts will be in the reply to this comment.
PART-1:
Let's pick a ślōka:
surēśaḥ śaraṇaṃ śarma viśvarētāḥ prajābhavaḥ । ahassaṃvatsarō vyāḷaḥ pratyayaḥ sarvadarśanaḥ ॥
The question should be regarding how we're going to pronounce prajābhavaḥ and sarvadarśanaḥ. There shouldn't be any ambiguity when it comes to surēśaḥ, viśvarētāḥ, vyāḷaḥ or pratyayaḥ.
Surēśaḥ will be /suɾeːɕɐhᵄ/ not /suɾeːɕɐhɐ/. The latter is what most critics using the syllable explanation refer to.
The /ᵄ/ is not a full syllable as is just an echo of the vowel that precedes the visarga, and the /h/ is still aghōṣa like a hissing snake.
This wouldn't violate Varṇavṛtta or Mātrāvṛtta.
Intrestingly, at the start of the video, the speaker himself starts of by saying "Namassarvēbhyaḥ" where [bhyaḥ] is pronounced with the echo/ᵄ/ that I mentioned, not /ɐ/.
That must be the correct pronounciation.
The SOUTH INDIAN method is infact correct as apposed to the so-called NORTH INDIAN method.
The position of the mouth wouldn't even matter if it was just a breath, however, emphasis is given on the position of mouth implying a necessity of an echo when the visarga appears at the end.
The same is explained below.
Part-2:
Explanation of Visarga Pronunciation and Its Impact on Meter
Taittiriya Pratishakhya Sections 2.46 and 2.48
Section 2.46: कण्ठस्थानौ हकारविसर्जनीयौ
Explanation:
• This sutra specifies that both the sound "ह" (ha) and the visarga (ः) are produced in the throat. The visarga is not a full syllable but rather a faint, breathy sound that resembles a short "h" sound following the preceding vowel.
Example:
• रामः (rāmaḥ): The visarga here is pronounced from the throat, echoing the preceding "a" sound.
• Correct Pronunciation: /rɑːmɐhᵄ/
Section 2.48: पूर्वान्तस्थानो विसर्जनीयः
Explanation:
• This sutra indicates that the visarga should be pronounced as an echo of the preceding vowel, maintaining the position and quality of that vowel sound.
Example:
• देवः (devaḥ): The visarga echoes the "a" sound.
• Correct Pronunciation: /deːʋɐhᵄ/
Impact on Meter
The Vishnu Sahasranama is typically composed in the Anushtubh meter, which requires a precise syllabic structure (8+8 syllables per verse). Correct pronunciation of visarga is crucial for maintaining this structure.
Example Verse
surēśaḥ śaraṇaṃ śarma viśvarētāḥ prajābhavaḥ | ahassaṃvatsarō vyāḷaḥ pratyayaḥ sarvadarśanaḥ ||
Breakdown of Meter
• First Pāda: surēśaḥ śaraṇaṃ śarma viśvarētāḥ prajābhavaḥ
• Syllables: su-re-śaḥ / śa-ra-ṇaṃ / śar-ma / vi-śva-rē-tāḥ / pra-jā-bha-vaḥ
• Meter Count: 8 syllables
• Second Pāda: ahassaṃvatsarō vyāḷaḥ pratyayaḥ sarvadarśanaḥ
• Syllables: a-has-saṃ-va-tsa-rō / vyā-ḷaḥ / prat-ya-yaḥ / sar-va-dar-śa-naḥ
• Meter Count: 8 syllables
Correct Pronunciation and Its Importance
• prajābhavaḥ:
• Preceding vowel: "a"
• Visarga: Echoes the "a" sound.
• Pronunciation: /pɾəd͡ʑɑːbʰɐhᵄ/
• sarvadarśanaḥ:
• Preceding vowel: "a"
• Visarga: Echoes the "a" sound.
• Pronunciation: /səɾʋəd̪ɐɾʂənɐhᵄ/
Incorrect Pronunciation Impact
• Incorrect Pronunciation: Pronouncing visarga as a full "ha" (e.g., "surēśaha").
• This adds an extra syllable, disrupting the meter.
Example Analysis:
• Incorrect: surēśaha śaraṇaṃ śarma viśvarētaha prajābhavaha
• Syllable count: 9+9 = 18 (incorrect)
• Correct: surēśaḥ śaraṇaṃ śarma viśvarētāḥ prajābhavaḥ
• Syllable count: 8+8 = 16 (correct)
What if We Omit the Echo and Only Have a Breath?
According to the Taittiriya Pratishakhya, visarga should be pronounced as a breathy sound that echoes the preceding vowel. Omitting the echo and pronouncing it as merely a breath sound could be seen as partially correct, but it might weaken the intended phonetic quality and potentially affect the metrical structure, depending on the context.
• Section 2.5: "When it (the throat) is opened, breath is produced."
• Section 2.6: "When in an intermediate condition, the h-sound is produced."
These sections support that visarga involves breath but emphasize its role as an echo of the preceding vowel sound, maintaining the phonetic integrity required by the meter.
It would've been more useful if you pronounce/ distinguish रामः and रामह् back to back. You're pronouncing the same for both
as far as i am aware, the south indian way (as claimed by you ) of the visarga pronounced as an extension of the swaras is applicable only for words at the end of a sentence, while the visarga placed in between the letters or end of a word but in between a sentence is pronounced without extending the swaras (or the north indian way as you claim).
you repeatedly fault sighting the south indian way. pronounciation varies depending on the position of the visarga in the word and in the sentence. the south indian that pronounce it depending on the position is indeed the correct way and you should be aware of it and not make incorrect judgement.
you may want to listen to this and acquaint yourself of the correct way
th-cam.com/video/KvRNQJ9ag_I/w-d-xo.html
thanks
you say h-Kara parivargita. And you say the Northern ah is correct. How come
Why is visarga needed
Samyak uktam bhagini. Visarga ardha matrameva.
6:36 it is hareh or harehi, NOT harehe. and 6:42 it is guroh or gurohu, NOT guroho.
Please teach grammar
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