Low beam head light bulb replace 2000-2006 Mazda Mpv

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 28 ส.ค. 2024

ความคิดเห็น • 164

  • @spelunkerd
    @spelunkerd 11 ปีที่แล้ว +14

    These kind of videos, showing simply how to repair a common problem, are gold for those who don't work on cars every day.

  • @andreadunnavant3534
    @andreadunnavant3534 9 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Thank you for posting! I have a 2005 MPV, and I just changed the passenger side dim, (proud of myself!) Now I want to learn how to do the brake lights! You're a money saver!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      andrea dunnavant Glad to hear you did it on your own, i will make some other vids soon. Thanks for watching.

  • @ArjanBons
    @ArjanBons 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you! Been trying to replace it for over an hour but couldn't get it done. With your vid it only took 5 minutes!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Cool, cheers from Connecticut.

  • @Kizigo1
    @Kizigo1 10 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    Thank you, Thank you, Thank you! You are the people that make this world a better place.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you for the kind comment.

  • @lastphcm
    @lastphcm 9 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Thanks, that hold down clip is such a pain in the rear end. I dread changing this light every time it blows.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Gerald McLain Yep, cool no prob.

  • @dianimal3
    @dianimal3 10 ปีที่แล้ว +8

    I have replaced these myself a few times, one of those times I am glad I am a girl with small hands :) I tried to get the clip back on (drivers side) and have given up after multiple tries. The boot seems to be snug enough to hold it in until I go try again on the next "warm" day...hopefully soon. I have to say the clip is the most unintelligent design I have ever had the displeasure of dealing with. Oh yea, the screw that holds the hinge wont even budge...grrrr! I think your videos are awesome, they definitely do not have the choice words I am sure many of us have used while actually replacing it under the pressure and trying to get it done fast :)
    Thank you so much for the video I know what it is supposed to do, just cant see it.

    • @84Huskies
      @84Huskies 9 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Diana Swindell I had the same issue, but I moved the battery a few inches, and then I had enough access to get that @#$@#@% clip in place.

    • @dianimal3
      @dianimal3 9 ปีที่แล้ว

      That is a very nice description for the clip :)

    • @reddawng43x91
      @reddawng43x91 6 ปีที่แล้ว

      I also said to myself today..... Why tf would they still use this h4 type clip in a damn super technology age dumbest design ever how tf did it get a patent, I agree yes it works but why change it then? Be cuz it's not a simple push n twist that's y

  • @brucejohnston7324
    @brucejohnston7324 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks for the video. I wish you would have done the driver's side. There is a lot more stuff in the way. It would have been nice to see how to work around it or what you would move out of the way

  • @justinmason5259
    @justinmason5259 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thanks for this. Just changed driver's side bulb and the video was a great help. Was careful with the clip and it stayed in place!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Cool.

  • @centerpoint643
    @centerpoint643 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I just tried to remove a bad bulb on my 2004 MPV. Couldn't figure it out and wondered i fthere was a TH-cam video. Old one out- new one in two minutes. THANKS

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Cool

  • @kathyboley8043
    @kathyboley8043 8 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Thanks for the video I had no trouble replacing it. I saw a bunch of comments where the clip was hard to get loose but it was easy once I figure out how it worked.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Kathy Boley Cool, thanks for the comment.

  • @barbarabrasted-maki875
    @barbarabrasted-maki875 6 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you! That stupid clip came flying out with the old bulb. I'm so glad you had trouble with it and shared that in the video - because of your video I knew just what to do!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Nice

  • @Bobito419
    @Bobito419 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you so much. Very helpful. Biggest challenge was the clip but you had demonstrated on how to put it back. Thanks again.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Anytime..

  • @automotiverenderings
    @automotiverenderings ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This was a big help thanks. I had no idea how to get the clip out!

  • @KWG322
    @KWG322 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks! Your video is still being helpful! I got impatient a long while ago and had taken out the clips and they got lost. Decided to replace as lights weren’t aimed right and burning out too soon I think due to vibration. Found set of various clips; this helped me choose the right one and get it in there.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Cool, glad to hear.

  • @josephlak9366
    @josephlak9366 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you for your video made it much easier to change the bulb appreciate your time

  • @reddawng43x91
    @reddawng43x91 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    2014 Tacoma installed my hid kit today did passenger ok got to driver side and spring popped off took me a hour of sob an mfing till I searched and found this video thank you it helped me today big time, couldn't figure the damn thing was over thinking how it was on and wasn't undoing other side cuz dust cap n all was done

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Jonah Boudreaux lol, glad to help. I know that feeling, thanks for watching.

  • @lincoln7echo
    @lincoln7echo 9 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    This is the same for a Protege ... be warned: that clip is harder than it looks. To put back on (after lamp is replaced), hook the side that fits under the screw (left side) FIRST. Then the clip is will be easy to slide into the hook on the right.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Lincoln7Echo Okay...

    • @LateBloomerMedia
      @LateBloomerMedia 4 ปีที่แล้ว

      I had a feeling that was the case as soon as I saw it

  • @bobbymullins2151
    @bobbymullins2151 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I couldn't figure out the clip position until I saw this. Thanks.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      bobby Mullins Cool, thanks for watching.

  • @champdog69
    @champdog69 8 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    engineer that approved this instead of twist on connectors should be required to come out and change head lamps for free.... drivers side was able to do much more easier after removing battery.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Jim Farnlacher OK..

  • @debspop8304
    @debspop8304 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks for this video, good job. Changing the drivers side i popped the clip and was fiddling for an hour getting frustrated. I thought the right side was supposed to go behind the screw, not in front of it. I was kinda happy when I watched the video closer(removing the popup adv) and saw it should fit on the inside of the screw. Success ! Still tricky but yeah thanks :D

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      Cool, np. Thanks for watching.

  • @islamicwaylive
    @islamicwaylive 8 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thanks a bunch for the video. I am changing my head light for the second time and video makes that much easier.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      Cool, thanks for watching.

  • @eltio8590
    @eltio8590 10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you for the video ,I didn't have any idea how to do it before I saw it. It was so easy for me since my clip stay in place it did not fly away like in your video.
    Thank you!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Edwin Mena Thanks for watching.

  • @38shid
    @38shid 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thanks good looking out i wasnt sure if the man in autozone gave me the right part love the video

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      rashid brown Cool, thanks for watching.

  • @MrJandDrJ
    @MrJandDrJ 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    This video was a big help. thank you for your time and patience.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      James Dickson Nice, thanks for watching.

    • @MrJandDrJ
      @MrJandDrJ 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      You're welcome. My step dad and I successfully replaced a headlight yesterday! :-)

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      James Dickson Cool..

  • @vntnnguyen
    @vntnnguyen 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    really appreciate your youtube post, it is much easier than I thought.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Tuan Nguyen Cool..

    • @Chadhustle
      @Chadhustle 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      HP11208 im having a problem removing the rubber cover .. can u help me ?

  • @TexasSwampFox
    @TexasSwampFox หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Thank you sir well done and finished thanks for the video

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@TexasSwampFox 👍

  • @michaeljohnson9969
    @michaeljohnson9969 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks man! Clear and simple instructions.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      👍✌

  • @vincitausa
    @vincitausa ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank. This was very helpful.

  • @Huzee66
    @Huzee66 11 ปีที่แล้ว

    Same for 2006 MPV. Recommend squeeze tab sides of plastic plug first to remove it. Then remove rubber boot (note it has two drain holes on bottom). Finally, press in and down on metal retaining clip (non-screw side) and it hinges away to remove bulb. Reverse procedure for new bulb. Don't touch bulb glass with hands.

  • @Tkaro1783
    @Tkaro1783 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you! This helped a lot. Those metal clips are a pain haha

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      👍

  • @stanky98035
    @stanky98035 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Same problems as most getting the clip back on. I ended up notching the end of a flat screwdriver and then bent it 45 degrees and two seconds later the clip was on.

  • @WorldObserverify
    @WorldObserverify 10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Worked like a charm. Took five minutes. Thanks for the demonstration!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  10 ปีที่แล้ว

      Chip Stewart No prob u got it.

  • @Arbitairium
    @Arbitairium 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you for your video! Made this process much faster.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      Arbitairium Thanks...

  • @champdog69
    @champdog69 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    wow the passenger side took me less than 5 minutes. I moved the fuse box and was careful when I removed the spring so I did not have the hassel of trying to get the spring back on. TIP Squeeze the sides of the plug before yanking on it to remove it from the back of the dead bulb.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Jim Farnlacher Okay..

    • @andrewx7806
      @andrewx7806 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes. Squeeze it. Also, if one is careful the spring can be swung back with no need to remove it.

  • @clayguy33
    @clayguy33 4 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    It's always something with me. I swear my boot will not come off without first doing the connection clip which is impossible to do cuz it's so packed in there.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Oh yes, I know.

    • @clayguy33
      @clayguy33 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@hp11208 I was makin it harder than it was.. got it.. thanks for the vid!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@clayguy33 Okay, no problem and thanks for watching.

  • @rosendorx77
    @rosendorx77 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    just want to say thank you for this video it really helped

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Nice

  • @danalabhart7603
    @danalabhart7603 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you for your post. It helped me a lot!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Cool

  • @danielcostea2882
    @danielcostea2882 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    How do you adjust the headlights for the 2002 Mazda mpv

  • @mike5805
    @mike5805 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks man. Big help.

  • @ToddPrice
    @ToddPrice 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you. This is very helpful.

  • @Moondoggy1941
    @Moondoggy1941 10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thanks for the tips , is the same setup as a 2001 Protege.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  10 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks for watching.

  • @seanr8219
    @seanr8219 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Guess what I did with the bulb clip? Stopped using it. Best decision I ever made because it's a pain in the $^& to put back on.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes, lol.

  • @rollisgoodeye9003
    @rollisgoodeye9003 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thank-you buddy

  • @thephoenix3011
    @thephoenix3011 10 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    GREEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEAT clip
    Thanks very much

  • @bakwudzkilla
    @bakwudzkilla 5 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Tht one little clip made it take me longer to change one headlight than it took me to change my radiator

  • @22lbhammer1
    @22lbhammer1 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    That clip kicked my ass🐈

  • @veronicawood6395
    @veronicawood6395 10 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    thank you. very helpful

  • @fredymendez1786
    @fredymendez1786 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    but my car has two lights? infront you can see 2 lights the main one and a very small one! how this works?

  • @andrewx7806
    @andrewx7806 2 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I'd like to swap the halogen bulbs for a LED bulbs to make the lights brighter. Does anyone have any experience trying this? Will it make a big difference? Recommended brand for the LED? There are a couple of problems I see here. One is the lens inside that is made for the halogen light bulb. Will this work with an LED? Two, the outside cover is cloudy and replacing that is a big project but may be necessary. Third, since the LED gets hot, will this further degrade the plastic. Any recommendations from someone who did this will be appreciated.

    • @newyorkerinct2821
      @newyorkerinct2821 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Go with the LED, and use a lens cleaner.

    • @andrewx7806
      @andrewx7806 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      I installed an led. Works great.

  • @GnosisMan50
    @GnosisMan50 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    It makes you wonder why in the hell do they make bulbs so fucking complicating? It was a pain in the royal ass trying to find the correct bulb orientation with those 3 (unequally spaced prongs) and still can't tell if they are in correctly. Then you need to put that fucking wire in the right way! It's a pain in the royal ass. We've been building cars with headlights for over 60 years and of all headlight, they came up with this one. We have all this advanced technology that, is suppose to make cars better, more efficient, and easier to fix to keep maintenance cost down. But hell no. Planned obsolescence and the packing of more and more technology into cars will only add to the cost of maintenance and more things breaking down. Cars are not worth having. The american dream of having them is a never ending nightmare of debt, high cost of maintenance, parts, and insurance yet we all think it's normal. I will never buy a new car and I'll keep the one I have until it falls apart. If I could live without one, I would. Then use what I saved from not having it and putting it into my retirement.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Lol, i hear you man, thanks for the comment.

  • @ramirolarios7310
    @ramirolarios7310 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Exelent thank you

  • @danohimm22
    @danohimm22 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Have a 2005 mpv plastic cowling over the rubber seal...

  • @nielspeter9692
    @nielspeter9692 3 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I have a 2006 MPV and the low beam doesn’t work on the drivers side. We took it to an auto sparky and he said $800 to replace the ‘gas spark plug’ or something, the bulb works fine it’s the ‘spark for the gas’ that needs replacing and the bulb needs replacing at the same time otherwise it can cause issues. Any help to save me $800 so I can fix the low beam myself would be very much appreciated

    • @nielspeter9692
      @nielspeter9692 29 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Update: I bought a whole second hand headlight assembly from a wreckers for $120 and replaced it myself. Saved myself $680

  • @davepryal9395
    @davepryal9395 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Remember to squeeze the sides of the plug to remove

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Dave Pryal Thanks for the input.

    • @champdog69
      @champdog69 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      yep. that took me awhile to figure out too... doh!

  • @davepryal9395
    @davepryal9395 8 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Is the low and hi-beam the same bulb?

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      +Dave Pryal Yes

  • @jeffrysturgeon
    @jeffrysturgeon 4 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thanks !

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  4 ปีที่แล้ว

      No problem. Like, sub and share. Thanks

  • @WillBeBill123
    @WillBeBill123 10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    You rock! Do you still drive this MPV?

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  10 ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes i do, and thanks.

  • @abelhero1230
    @abelhero1230 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    mazda is a fucking car! simple things are very complicated to replace!!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  ปีที่แล้ว

      Yes lol

  • @feomixto1259
    @feomixto1259 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    OMG... Thank you..!!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks for watching.

  • @bierechaude6387
    @bierechaude6387 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I got a question for you whats the name of the metal thing that support the headlight ? thanks

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      The bracket?

    • @sdawgfyou
      @sdawgfyou 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      BiereChaude Headlight bulb retaining clip.

  • @JamesBond-cv3tt
    @JamesBond-cv3tt ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Nice

  • @normsky1000
    @normsky1000 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Do I have to remove the windscreen wiper water reservoir to do the driver's side?

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      No, i don't think so.

    • @normsky1000
      @normsky1000 7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Well I (We) did and it worked.

  • @Ericsam40oz
    @Ericsam40oz 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you very much.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Eric Vargas Thanks for watching.

  • @duke4487
    @duke4487 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I replaced both bulbs about 2 years ago and I removed the screws and clips to do it. I could not get the clips back in so I was going to go to a mechanic to get it done. I duct taped the bulbs to hold them in place with no clips, and then I lost the screws and clips before getting to a mechanic. I went to the Mazda dealer to buy the screws and clips and Mazda does not sell these parts. They force you to buy a new headlight assembly and these are some of the most expensive headlight assemblies. They wanted about $600 two years ago and it is higher now. I haves searched the web with no results and I purchased 4 different size Mazda clips from England but none were the correct clips. My headlights do no work correctly but it is drive able. I'm about ready to accept defeat and pay aa high price for used headlight assemblies when I oonly need two screws and two clips. This is robbery.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Go to the junkyard, or try to bend some wires, to make some clips.

    • @duke4487
      @duke4487 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      The Junkyards are aware of the cost of new headlight assemblies and their prices are ridiculous, but may be my best option. I will be paying at least $350 for two clips and two screws - talk about getting screwed. If you stop the video when he is showing the clips and if you believe you could reproduce that clip by hand with only this video as your guide, you have more optimism and/or skill than me.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Okay

    • @KWG322
      @KWG322 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      It’s been 4 years since this exchange, but I found the clips in a pack of various shapes on Amazon.

  • @noahli6193
    @noahli6193 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hi, can i ask what is the socket model of the headlight? is it H4, 7 or 11? Thank you

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Didn't check it, and i don't have this van anymore.

  • @jszulecki
    @jszulecki 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      jszulecki Thanks

  • @ysesq
    @ysesq 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    good job man

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks for the comment.

  • @eddymontecristo8602
    @eddymontecristo8602 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks, you are Man!!!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      edil kanatbek Thank you.

  • @NAT-turners-Revenge
    @NAT-turners-Revenge ปีที่แล้ว +1

    😁 thanks

  • @ArturoC871061
    @ArturoC871061 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thanks a lot!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Anytime..

  • @whiskeySe7en
    @whiskeySe7en 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    2003 mpv, was not this easy at all..

  • @hp11208
    @hp11208  11 ปีที่แล้ว

    Yep thanks.

  • @gateway1022
    @gateway1022 10 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    really good helpfull

  • @brandonrondan176
    @brandonrondan176 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thank you :)

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      brandon rondan Welcome...

  • @oliverdiaz6849
    @oliverdiaz6849 6 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    What size of bulbs are those?

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  6 ปีที่แล้ว

      Can't remember, i don't have this car anymore.

  • @Pernection
    @Pernection 8 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    my driver side went out. same procedure?

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      +Pernection Yes

    • @champdog69
      @champdog69 8 ปีที่แล้ว

      take out battery.. easier more room to work unless your are very dexterous

  • @carlos83150
    @carlos83150 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I had a question . do you or any one else know what that part is called on 1:16 . I've lost it trying to replace the bulb. if anyone can let me know I would really appriciate it thanks !

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      +carlos83150 That's the hold down clip.

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      +carlos83150 You will have to get that from the junk yard.

  • @iotcheez
    @iotcheez 8 ปีที่แล้ว

    this helped thanks

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  8 ปีที่แล้ว

      no problem, thanks for watching.

  • @hp11208
    @hp11208  11 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks

  • @brendangustafson
    @brendangustafson 7 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    how about the clip for a mazda tribute

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  7 ปีที่แล้ว

      Maybe the same.

  • @MartinRoy
    @MartinRoy 5 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks i hate that clip. Who the heck designed that, there's got to be a better way, pretty sad i had to come watch a video just to put this clip back on lol

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  5 ปีที่แล้ว

      Okay, lol

  • @danohimm22
    @danohimm22 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    This didn't help..

  • @gupsgal
    @gupsgal 9 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    thanks!

    • @hp11208
      @hp11208  9 ปีที่แล้ว

      Renee Silverman Welcome...