Why did Iranians adopt the Arabic alphabet?
ฝัง
- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 1 มิ.ย. 2024
- Have you ever wondered why #Farsi adopted the #Arabic alphabet? Was Farsi written even before Islam? Are Arabic and Farsi related?
I explain everything in this episode!
Research, script and voice over: @nofridaynightplans
2D & 3D animations: @nofridaynightplans
French & Arabic translations: @nofridaynightplans
Automatic translation for Farsi
Instagram: / nofridaynightplans
Sources
- www.mpg.de/20666229/0725-evan...
- www.mpg.de/20666229/0725-evan...
- www.iranicaonline.org/article...
- / the-history-of-the-per...
- www.britannica.com/topic/Pahl...
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahlavi...
- invisibleeast.web.ox.ac.uk/ar...
- www.omniglot.com/writing/mper...
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasania...
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Bab...
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elam
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achaeme...
Music
- "Energizing" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License
- Indian Cinemascope - Hanu Dixit
Assets not created by me found on
Vecteezy & Videezy
Maps
1) www.freepik.com/free-vector/p...
2) www.freepik.com/free-vector/v...
Contents
00:00 Intro
00:24 Are Farsi and Arabic linguistically related?
01:55 Old Persian
05:20 Avestan
06:20 The Sassanian Empire and Pahlavi
07:18 What is Pahlavi?
08:40 Adoption of the Arabic script
10:01 Conclusions
Thank you for watching!
#persian #persianlanguage #arabiclanguage #linguistics #history #historyfacts #arabicalphabet #pahlavi #iran
![ทททททททท #27 [หลุยส์ เค โตมายังไง ณ สระบุรี]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/CaKoYw_Xmtg/mqdefault.jpg)
I'd really appreciate it if you could support my work with a like ^.^!
Also, don't hesitate to point out any mistakes in the video for further improvement. Thank you!
You have camed here and talk about history but you don't even know that basterd Alexander you is not real person foregeins make it to avoid world from saying our wast and amazing history
God damn it think about for a second there is no place for him he is not even in a single old book and....
In every people like u make always mention defeated by shitlander if we were defeated. So how on earth parathians get power and take back lands and destroy Greeks
You even feared to talk about Sasanians more and how they defated a empire that was powerful for centrys the fight for 700 years over 10 emperors of roman bove before our kings but no one dears to say this things
Why you basterds dont say how roman and greek empire's destroyed by us in end of your videos???
We are still talking the language that we were talking 4000 years ago
We are still adoring our Greates history in plant
What about you ? Learning people lies ? All of my people know troof and laugh at peoples like you but i can hold it so take it lier
Actually, the Perso-Arabic writing system is neither Arabic nor Persian. It was originally developed by the ancient Assyrians to write down their Aramaic language. So, calling this form of writing Arabic is wrong and needs to be corrected.
Saying Persian and Arabic are the same language because they use the same alphabet is like saying English and Finnish are the same language.
No because these letters dont exist in arabic:
گ
چ
پ
ژ
@@phantom-_-0217 these letters Å, Ä Ö Š Ž dont exist in English
Malay language also use arabic script but totally different. Use across malaysia indonesia south thailand and brunei . You can read as an arab but won’t understand a word
Its not even an arabic script, its derived from Pahlavi Aramaic and perfected by Persians themselves.
@@user-gw5mf7fd5k well I'm Arab myself and seeing a language in an Arabic script and then literally de-inhaling my soul just to realise it's another language seems like it would be something funny as shit now i just gotta wait till i forget
Even a kid knows this. The Persians are Aryans the Arabs are Semites. When Semitic-Arabs conquered Iran the process of Semitization was initiated into the script, culture, names, etc. if not ethnically on a large scale. Yet the Persians a great civilization maintained their Aryan religious Zoroastrian past and celebrate Navroz (New Year) and Persian remains an Aryan (Indo-European) language with some Semitic words which it has picked up with the advent of Semitic-Islam. The Semites (Yehudi-Arabs) are children of Abraham (Ibrahim) Persians are surely not.
Bhai jaan Aryan aur Iranian mein farq hai.
Aur hum zubaane ki baat karrahe hain, naslo ki nahi.
Aryan are Vedic-Zorastrian
@@ibrahimihsan2090 I don't have your information Mr Hindu 😂😂
@@galaxymyt4834 I am not Hindu.
In English, the word is Arabization, not semiticization.
The way you styled the borders of the Achaemenid Empire was sooo unique. Instead of some cookie cutter borders from online they are blurred and still represent the rough area of conquest, also ofc the dark area being the homeland and light area being foreign areas so nice touch!
Persian here! I do want to mention that the Perso-Arabic script developed alongside the Arabic script, so it is more accurate to say they both share common origin, being the Hejazi Kufic script, making them more so "cousin scripts". They aren't entirely cousin scripts, but they sort of act like it. This is why the Persian ک looks different to the Arabic ك because they evolved separately from the Kufic script. It is generally why it is called "Perso-Arabic".
Beyond that, amazing video! Subscribed!
Dude, check any copy of Quran and you would find that arabic uses both ك and ک
@@Zeezoro I checked copies. The ك is a later evolution. If you check any Hejazi manuscript, you will not find ك there. You are being dishonest, as you are painfully aware the Qur'an uses ک in medial sections of words, and not like that in an independent form or at the end of words.
Writing itself is an alien habit to the Persians
They did not have their own alphabet, much less were they skilled at it
The ancient Iranians despised writing except when necessary, and preferred agriculture and hunting to it
Iranian culture remained oral, and the majority of Sasanian subjects were illiterate peasants until the conquests
@@user-eu9mz7pl3kthe arabic script isnt even arab, its aramaic and was perfected by Persians
How come the Sassanid script didn’t survive!
9:14 At the time there were only 18 letters, as the dots were added later to clarify the pronunciation.
The Arabic language was in its final stage when Islam appeared. It had 22 letters, then 6 letters were added with dots. The Arabic alphabet was derived from the Nabataean Aramaic alphabet.
True.
Its in reality the Aramaic script
Nabatean weren't Aramaic
@user-xr2jt7ss4o The Nabataean alphabet is one of the branches of the Aramaic alphabet, consisting of twenty two letters. The Nabataeans used it in writing down their Nabataean Arabic language. A large group of these inscriptions were found in southern Jordan, where their capital was Reqim (Petra), extending to the Hauran in the north and the Negev Palestine in the south and in Hegra in Saudi Arabia.
( The Arabic alphabet was derived from the Nabataean Aramaic alphabet)
Not the Arabic alphabet, but the Arabic script, that’s why they added the 6 letters that were lost from Nabataean and Aramaic alphabet. The Arabic alphabet’s 28 letters already attested and well documented in the north Arabian Safatic and Thamudic scripts, that dates back from 1000 BC, to around 200 AD. Around the 3nd century AD, the new Arabic alphabet started to appear in inscriptions.
Thank you for all the informations
liked , subbed , thanks for your efforts and well done .
Oh thank you so much for the lovely encouragement. That’s much appreciated! 🙂
I can tell you spent a lot of time researching the history of Farsi and probably the same amount of time if not more time in devepling some new video production skills.
Much, much, much more time 🤣 .
I've always been into drawing and animation (that's quite banal among Japan lovers, I think). I like to try out new things and improve :)
Thank you for your comment ^.^
Glossed over a few conquests but mostly pretty informative!
I am so happy that I came across your channel. It is a great leaning place. Thank you
Thank you for your very nice comment 😊 I’m happy you found it.
Interesting topic!
Luckily they held on to their language. No small feat.
Luckily? Trust me in saying that Arabs have no interest in absorbing Iranians into their Arabness.
Cuz our culture was way richer, so they adapt
@@what_is_earth yes, everyone knows that Iranian culture is the best.
@@safarit678 how is one culture superior to another? and isn't pretty much most cultures today a copy of western culture?
@@Aksarallah sarcasm to some Iranians here who speak down to Arabs. They are very salty
Great video, many thanks!
Very interesting Thank you
Commenting to commend your efforts. Really good video, J.!
Thank you so much for the support 😭
Wonderful exposition - guiding viewers to some books you think are intriguing and related would be helpful.
A lucid and simple presentation that helps us lay people think a bit more about these things, thank you.
Thank you for your comment :)
My next video on Africa will include a book recommendation, but for this one I don't have any.
This question had been intriguing me for some time and I decided to research the topic to get some initial insights. But a lot of people in the comments are quite knowledgeable about this very issue and I'm sure they'll be able to guide you if you wish to dig further about the history of Persia, or how the Persians helped shape the Perso-Arabic script as it is today ^.^
It is fairer to say that Persian already had a writing system adopted from a Semitic language. Then, it could influence Arabic, which was going through changes to cover a wide range of cultures with different interpretations of pronunciations. So, it seems Persian influenced the Arabic script system while it was adopting it as a new writing system.
Persian, Arabic, Hebrew, Urdu all are shared by one alphabet, with small differences. they all have one ancestor alphabet that they are using today. there is lot of evolution on to this parent alphabet. we cant clearly say Persians had first used this alphabet and later Arabs adopted it or vise verse. but possibility is there becoz of Persian Empire.
Jihan, you are killing it with your animated videos!
Thank you so much, Tasneem 😭🌸
Thanks for such a well prepared, brief narration
I appreciate the support. Thank you.
Thanks, I like the way you did it 😊
Saying "Persian is Arabic" is like saying Tibetan is Hindi( although Tibetan script bears little to no similarities with Devanagari script of Hindi), because they are derived from a common source.
We Hindus use different abugidas since the 2500-2800 years to read our 5k-6k old religious Hindu literature, each abugida is completely different in shape and look, but bears similarities with Sanskrit alphabet( we call Hindy alphabets as Varnamala generally aka garland of letters).
Hindi language loans a lot of Arabic/Persian words, we place a dot( Bindu in Sanskrit, Nuqta in Arabic) to the most related letter phonologically while writing that exact symbol nowadays, but since our languages originally don't have sound values for those foreign letters, we pronounce them with the closest native equivalents.
For writing x in Persian, ख/kha in original Hindu/Sanskrit script changes to ख़.
For writing ghayn in Arabic( idk about the sound, but Arabic speakers please confirm if its pronounced that way), we simply add a dot to घ/gha sound of Sanskrit to form घ़/ ghayn.
Mind you, this is for transliteration of Muslim literature into Indian languages, but Hindus don't read about these symbols generally or don't pronounce them, because its not present in our original alphabet. Indian muslims learn Arabic/Persian in their religious schools in perso-Arabic script, so they can pronounce them.
But we see more of Sanskrit and Prakrit words used in our Indian languages in media, singling out Persian and Arabic words. This is all due to Nativisation efforts, personally I don't see anything wrong in this. Native equivalents must be cherished before anything and this has nothing to do with enmity via religion, but even European words are discouraged while writing in Hindu scripts aka Abugidas/lipis. More old words are brought to circulation that way.
@@infinite5795 because they steal persian language they don't have anything
🇮🇷: The Arabs converted us.
🇦🇫: The 🇮🇷 converted us.
🇹🇯: The Russians made us write cyrillic but didn't convert us.
Lol
Afyounestan, aka. land of opium, has been a province of Iran, how dare you spread misinformation? Afghanistan is Iran, The British drawn borders have deceived you.
Iran and the separated part Eastern Khorasan aka Afghanistan is same country
@@moda1496 different governments
Arabs didnt convert Persians, they even banned Persins from becoming muslim. Persians converted themselves en mass after throwing the arabs out via the buyids, saffarids, abu muslim khorossani etc..
I liked the fire reference to Zoroastrianism :) Very good vid.
Well spotted!
One of the most well-known Zoroastrians in recent memory? Freddie Mercury.
@@DarDarBinks1986 you beat me to it 😂
A very interesting post indeed!
Thanks indeed for the info : )
What I like about both, is how the Kurdish language handles the script a little better, making it easier to read
How so? Could you expand a little more? :)
@@nofridaynightplans basically, the kurdish language in Iraq and Iran uses the perso-arabic script as well, but they built upon it to make it more phonetic.
English: "Hello, how are you?"
Kurdish (Kurmanji dialect) in Kurdish script:
سڵاڤ، چاو هێدی؟
Persian in Persian script:
سلام، حال شما چطور است؟
Arabic in Arabic script:
مرحبًا، كيف حالك؟ (to a male)
مرحبًا، كيف حالك؟ (to a female)
What I meant to say, is that Kurdish takes the script and makes it even more phonetic by having letters that represents shorter vowels
@@ethandouro4334 That's really interesting! Thank you for sharing :)
@@nofridaynightplans you're welcome! I really like the Perso-arabic script, so I really wanted to add this :)
@@ethandouro4334you speak the three languages?
I am a Turk who try to be familiar with Arabic Language. I prefer texts with Arabic alphabet over others. The reason is that even if the letters are smaller, I get less tired while reading.
like the video! up to date info especially regarding the origin of Indo-European languages! ( there was a debate that was recently settled ) Aren't both Pahlavi and Arabic scripts derived form Phenessian scripts?
They are indeed :)
According to the (current) classification, Arabic is derived from the Nabatean script, which itself originates from the Aramaic script. So does Pahlavi.
Now, as you will see in the comments, many argue the Persians are to be credited for the Arabic script too. This does not align with the info I aggregated for the video on the origins of the Arabic script. This being said, I appreciate these are merely hypotheses and nothing is set in stone, at least for now.
However, the Persians did greatly contribute to the development of the script as it is today, including the dots.
The only thing I can say is that in all geographically close areas, a continuum of influences will always exist.
Thank you for your nice comment.
I mean if someone has the capacity to think that arabic and persian are the same because they use the same alphabet, so he must be thinking that spanish and english are the same as well
Spanish and English are linguistically related. That's not the case for Arabic and Farsi.
@@nofridaynightplans yeah they are both indoeuropean but they're not closely related I mean one is Latin and the other is Germanic but you get the gest
I mean if you couldn't read the Latin alphabet at all, I could easily forgive you.
Up until recently you could show me Mongolian and I'd tell you it's Russian because they both (at least as of then) use the Cyrillic alphabet.
@@nofridaynightplans A better example then would be French and Vietnamese.
Bravo.what a brief and efficient explanation.as a persian or current iranian appreciate the effort.
Thank you. It's very much appreciated.
Thanks, an explanation of the evolution of the Arabic script would also be interesting. Another topic would be the evolution of Persian poetry. One topic I’ve not been able to find is the Zoroastrian Prophet.
Nice informations
Dude! That editing!! Loved it besides the fact it is super interesting! 🎉
Thanks! 😁
The Pahlavi script was in use as late as 9th century.
We have text and artifacts.
The arabic scripture of 7th century was neither unified nor organised.
Plus each region used something of their own.
The organisation and unification of the alphabet for islamic caliphate was done by the administrative scribes who were writing everything in Pahlavi still, they would start giving shape to the alphabet by implementing stuff from Aramaic and Pahlavi.
Eventually Sibawayh, a Persian scholar of 8th century who reorganized and wrote down the grammar and basically made the language and alphabet work so that it could actually spread.
The alphabet was persofied and started being used by Iranians around late 8th century.
Thank you 🙏
I love the font used in the thumbnail and would really apreciate the name.
The font is 29LT Zeyn.
2:05, I'm not really sure where you have this from, most commonly Proto-indo-european is thought to have been spoken by the Yamnaya in the pontic-caspian steppes (i.e. north of the caucasus)
But all these sounds that are found in Persian are also found in many modern Arabic dialects. Like چ (ch) sometimes as تش it exists in a lot of dialects like iraqi/gulf and Maghrebi arabic... as for گ (g) It is found in almost all dialects : in gulf/ Yemeni its ق or ج , in Egyptian it's ج, and in Moroccan it's ڭے/ڭ and algerian i's ڤ. As for ژ (dj) , دج or just ج in msa It is an original sound in Classical/standard Arabic, contrary to what some people think. Therefore, we find it widespread in some dialects, such as Najdi, and also some Maghrebi dialects.As for پ( p), it is found in some few Arabic dialects in its native form. In the dialect of northern Morocco and also in some Iraqi dialects.. while ڤ (v) ,( "و" in Persian), is the only sound that is not found in any common Arabic dialect natively, and I still do not know whether it is found in Maltese, Cypriot, or the dialects of Central Asia.
Many of those dialects adopted those sounds from either Persian, or other non Arab languages in close proximity. Take the name of the famous dish کله پاچه for instance which is a Persian word but also known and used by Iraqis and other Arabs since they also eat the dish. When talking about Arabic, we must consider the classical form that is found in historical literature since thats the formal version and the version that the Arabs historically spoke (or atleast much closer to it). Classical Arabic contains neitherچ، پ، ژ، گ، since these sounds are not native to it. Other Semitic languages contain some of these sounds but not Arabic. Additionally, i think you are misunderstanding what ژ sounds like. ژ sounds like the French Je, also how some chinese names like zheung are pronounced. This sound is not existent in classical Arabic, or any Arabic for that matter.
@@Alborzhakimi7010 I know that when the Arabic language is mentioned, it is generally meant the modern literary standard Arabic, which was derived from Qur’anic classical Arabic.I just wanted to inform the people that many of these sounds are found in modern spoken dialects of it .and thank you for clarifying the misunderstanding in which I thought that “ ژ” means "dj". But I still don't understand the difference between it and "j" (ج), Is it a softer version of it? and Yes, you are right that must of these sounds are not native to the original language and are a result of contact and influence from other languages, but the “گ” sound (also چ maybe) is definitely a natural development of the Arabic language, as there are Isolated dialects that close to classical Arabic within the Arabian Peninsula that have that sound, such as Yemeni. This natural shift occurred because in some dialects, the "ق" was found difficult to pronounce, so it became "گ", and also the same thing happened to the "ج" in some other dialects, as it became "گ".Also, when I said that the “p” is natively present in a few spoken Arabic dialects, i meant by it that it was not because of loanwords (Like the example you gave, and by the way, I didn't know it because I am not an Iraqi or a Gulfian ) , but rather by some native Arabic words in which the "b" is turn into a "p" for example "təpchi" (تپچي) in iraqi from "tabki" in MSA which means (She cries /You cry) or "mpaɛzən" (مپعزن) in northern Moroccan which means "arrogant".In this case, this is certainly the accent influence of languages other than Arabic, such as Persian, Kurdish, and Aramaic for Iraqi. As for northern Morocco, this change is due to Latin, Punic, and also Old Spanish.
@@yassineanassine7905 thanks for your response. In regards to the ژ, the formal name for the phoneme is the “voiced postalveolar fricative” so you can google it if you want to hear it. After some research I found out that the phoneme does actually exist in the Maghrebi and Hejazi Arabic dialects. From what I read, it seems like the Maghrebi dialect borrowed the ژ phoneme from French, and the Hejazi dialect got it from Persian. Also, those examples you provided of native Arabic words in which other phonemes get replaced by پ، گ، چ، ژ are very interesting. Are those colloquial forms of pronunciation of those words (meaning only used by youth or adults when talking to close friends or family) or are they used whenever speaking in that specific Arabic dialect?
Persian gulf*
Persian gulf*
This is a very nice, interesting video to watch. But the fact that all the animations run at about 3-4 frames per second makes me really nauseous, and makes it difficult to look at the visuals.
Thank you for writing this comment. This is an important feedback for me. Would you please be more specific to help me understand the problem better (maybe with an example) so that I can improve for other videos :)?
Really sorry you had to suffer this. I am also extremely sensitive (though not here apparently). So if I can help, that's good.
@@nofridaynightplans Hi! Yes ofc. So, the section of "Avestan" 5:15 has a map in the background, that's supposed to scroll by evenly. The problem is (both on my laptop and phone) the scrolling is more a set of steps, bap-bap-bap-bap, it jumps all the time. This combined with the animations in the foreground in impossible for me to look at the screen without my body reacting to it xD The fire animations are also painfully slow-framed.
All the scrolling at 6:23 is also dreadful.
Oh, and I'm usually not especially sensitive...
@@hevconsume2504 I see! This makes sense. I slowed it down on purpose. Thank you for this. It's noted.
Interesting to call it Arabic script where Arabs used to use Hijazi script that itself derived from Pahlavi Persian and the majority of linguist developed the current script where Persians… also none of the benefits of the so called Arabic script you mentioned were existed at the time as Hijazi script had all the mentioned flaws…
the only reason it became famous as Arabic script is that Islamic literature later was written in this script and big majority of countries used this script were muslims and mostly forced to speak Arabic instead of their own language including in Iran… but Iranians during the Afshrid Empire revolted and brought back Persian while other countries like Egypt, Libya, Morocco and Iraq didn’t bring back their language and their historical identity and accepted the new identity…
I haven't found any evidence supporting the hypothesis the Hijazi script comes from Pahlavi. Don't hesitate to share links so that we can all grow in knowledge and improve.
Also, this is not an arena for yet another form of horizontal struggles. When peoples interact and mingle, it inevitably forms a continuum of influences where everyone gives and takes. And there are always objective historical reasons why events unfold the way they do.
@@nofridaynightplans
As an Arab, I tell you, believe me, you will not find any evidence even if you spend your whole life searching 🤣. The Iranians are trying to deny that they use the Arabic alphabet, and instead they say that it is a Persian alphabet and that the Arabs were the ones who took it from the Persians, and this is a very funny thing.
Like someone trying to block the sunlight with his hand and then telling people there is no sun
very nice
2:03 It has its roots in the Pontic Caspian Steppe north of the Caucusus mountains, not south
Not according to the latest information.
@@nofridaynightplans What latest information?
Is this even a good study? Even if it is, you should present the consensus, not just a new theory. A new study is not automatically correct.
I was surprised that Persian language is an Indoeuropean one, which means it is related more closely to my language (Czech) than to Arabic. I can see some similarities in vocabulary and grammar between Czech and other Indoeuropean languages I studied (English, German, French, Icelandic, Latin), I am curious if those similarities are also true for Persian.
Yeah, there are lots of similarities in vocabulary, especially in basic words referring to family members. Here are some examples~
mother: mâdar, father: pedar, brother: barâdar, daughter: doxtar
I was amazed by how similar these words are to english. Also, since Old Persian and Avestan are Iranian languages, they are rlly similar to the Indo-aryan languages in vocabulary. Compare the words above to Sanskrit mā́tṛ (mother), bhrā́tṛ (brother) and so on
I'm currently learning farsi and a lot of it is very easy for me bc of the similarities with Hindi and Urdu, which i can understand. But ofc most of these similarities are due to borrowings from Persian. Not everything is a borrowing tho, such as the numbers, which are very familiar to anyone who knows Hindi/urdu. It's always fascinating to see how similar numbers are to each other in indo-european languages, since they're (for the most part) all inherited from the same set in PIE
Indo european languages are very numerous all the area from turkey down to mayanmar is of indo european languages almost
1_ 🇨🇿ty 🇮🇷to
2_ 🇨🇿on/ona/ono 🇮🇷 un/ān
3_ 🇨🇿ony/oni/ona 🇮🇷ānan/una
4_ 🇨🇿kdo 🇮🇷ki/ke
5_ 🇨🇿co 🇮🇷če/či
6_ 🇨🇿kde 🇮🇷kojā/ku
7_ 🇨🇿kdy 🇮🇷key
8_ 🇨🇿ne 🇮🇷ne/na
9_ 🇨🇿jeden 🇮🇷yek
10_ 🇨🇿dva 🇮🇷do/du
11_ 🇨🇿tři 🇮🇷se
12_ 🇨🇿čtyři 🇮🇷čahār
13_ 🇨🇿pět 🇮🇷panj
14_ 🇨🇿žena 🇮🇷zan
15_ 🇨🇿muž 🇮🇷mard
16_ 🇨🇿matka/máti 🇮🇷mādar
17_ 🇨🇿nehet 🇮🇷nāxon
18_ 🇨🇿játra 🇮🇷jegar
19_ 🇨🇿vidêt 🇮🇷didan/vidan
20_ 🇨🇿žít 🇮🇷zist
21_ 🇨🇿umírat/umřít 🇮🇷mir/marg/mord
22_ 🇨🇿stát 🇮🇷istād
23_ 🇨🇿dát 🇮🇷dād
24_ 🇨🇿měsíc 🇮🇷māh
25_ 🇨🇿řeka 🇮🇷rud
26_ 🇨🇿země 🇮🇷zamin
27_ 🇨🇿mlha 🇮🇷meh
28_ 🇨🇿nový 🇮🇷now/nav
29_ 🇨🇿zima 🇮🇷zemestan
PS1: these were a few of the most basic cognates between Persian & czeck. There are tons of more complex cognates.
PS2: sometimes other Iranic languages are closer to czech for instance Avestan🇮🇷 for drinking is "pit", same in Czech ig.
All indoeuro languages have many things jn common
Ti baš nisi slušal u školi?
At the beginning of the emergence of the Aramaic alphabet, this happened in the borders of ancient Iran. And it is one of the things that the ancient Iranians made and presented to the world. In addition, the alphabets that we now know as the Arabic script were developed by the efforts of the Iranian scientist Borzouyeh and placed in the hands of the dear Arab-speaking people.
My language- Punjabi, has two scripts. One of them is written with the help of Arabic-Perso Script, called Shahmukhi Punjabi.
Was the oldest Persian book Avesta, the Zorarstrian holy book also written in Arabic script? If not, then which is the oldest book written in Arabic script and what’s its timeline?
Avesta uses its own scripture developed by Sasanid priests for an easier and more accurate reading of the holy texts. It's called the Avestan script
No. It predates Arabic alphabet by thousands of years
@@SponsorShort no it doesn't. Arabic alphabet and Avestan script were created and used around the same time. First evidences of the Arabic writing are just as old as the Avestan script.
@@artinrahideh1229Wrong.oldest Avesta part (Gatha) is around 5000 years old my friend,and was written down around 700 BC. Oldest known Arabic text is PERF 558 around 643 CE, and Achamenid cuneiform is even older, and Ilamite inscriptions are around 7000 years old. sorry but Arabic culture has nothing to be compared to the Persian one., not to mention even Arabic itself was regulated and grammatized by a Persian scholar name Ibn-Sibuye.
@@SponsorShort and what is the source that Gathas were created 5000 years ago and written down 2700 years ago?( Don't tell me that your source is "kārnāmag-i-Ardašir" cause that is a mythology, not a reliable historic text).
I recently saw a discussion online if the Persian language uses the same or a different alphabet than Arabic. I had no idea, and now I have learned the answer, Thanks. I suppose it is like the difference between the variations of the latin alphabet, to which many languages added some letters and diacritics to it to make it fit more their phonems. Like ß, ä, ë, ü for German, ð, þ for Icelandic, ç, é, è.. etc. for French, ž,š,č,ř,ď,ť,ň,á,é,í,ó,ú,ů for Czech.
That's a nice synchronicty :)
Regarding the similarities between Persian and other IE languages, you can find answers here: en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h%E2%82%81%C3%A9sti
I don't speak Farsi but I was surprised that they use "است" (ast) as the verb "to be", which is similar to "est" in Latin, and other Latin-derived languages like French. I don't know about other similarities, but I'm sure there are plenty :)
I believe the islandic letters you mentioned come from old english my friend
Both these scripts derive from Aramaic
This isn't a place for proud nationalism. People in close proximity mix and mingle and produce wonderful things. Love to my persians brothers and sisters from Iraq.
It is no surprise that Persian use Arab script , Irani and Persians are the sweet sons of the Arabs , one is father and the other one is the sweet son, Arab father ❤❤❤ Persian son…Persians are loving descendants of Arab , Arab peacefully conquered the Zoroaster fire worshippers thousand years ago and introduced the peace of Islam to Faraseeya forever
There are several similar examples around the world, Maltese is an Arabic language written in Latin script for example.
Indeed, and I am pretty sure that’s what I start the video with.
The origin of Arabic alphabet derived from kufi alphabet which was part of the Persian impure before Arab invasion. So the Arabic alphabet derived from kufi alphabet which was part of Iran at that time.
The fuck you talking about? Kufi is the name of early Arabic calligraphy, and Kufa was built by the Arab next to the ancient Lakhmid Arab capital of Hira, those lands were for a time under the rule of the Sassanid shah but they were never ethnically Persian, in fact even the Sassanid capital wasn't Persian and it people spoke Aramaic,
The alphabet used by Persians is Arabic there is no shame in that
Typical iranian
Lol I'm from kufa it's full Arab City and built by Abbasid Arabs during the time of Abbasid caliphate, Stop stealing our history, PersAin
I Forget to mention Kufi Script originated from City of Kufa.
@@miracleyang3048 Iraq is capital of Iran before Muslims they aren't Arab
@@karar_YT😂😂😂 and what about those Persian art and castle in Iraq
0:10 "Sure. Everyone has always been pondering this very question." Well, I surely have -- but I didn't realize everyone has.
Ah, sarcasm. Such a sweet melody to my ears. 😌
Actually, the modern Arabic Naskh script that we read in Quran was developed by Persians. The original Arabic script was Kufic and didn't have dots or ijams.
Fr
He was an Abbasid. Part of an Arab empire
@@BibliotecanatalieAbbasid were the occupiers
@@cyruspanel3734yes they were occupying a higher level of mind. They were liberating Iran from jahiliysh
do you mean the umayyads?
Now I’ve got to check out Tajik, and see if their Farsi with Cyrillic characters would better enable a rookie overview of Farsi, which long ago I only endured for a week, due to the Persian script!
th-cam.com/video/6FIN1Pzyuqo/w-d-xo.htmlsi=IU6hwuwAc24CeCLG
Thanks
Sources please?❤
It's even more interesting in Kurdish , making it easier to read and write , with more accuracy ❤️☀️💚
Great video, good editing and very informative! Just one question/correction: didn't the Indo-European languages originate from the Ponto-Caspic Steppe in Russia and Ukraine on the other side of the Black Sea as opposed to the South Caucasus as stated in this video?
Hi! Thank you for your nice comment :)
Here's the latest hypothesis regarding the origins of the IE family. Your comment is very timely since I had forgotten to add it to the sources! Thank you ^0^
www.mpg.de/20666229/0725-evan-origin-of-the-indo-european-languages-150495-x
@@nofridaynightplans truth is iran invaded by Arabs and they easily steal their language
The Alphabet you are refering to is Syrio Aramaic. Arabic wasn't even a writen language till the 8th century. It had only 16 alphabets before then (it had no diacritical marks till circa 710 AD)
The Kuffic (Kuffar) script came from Persia not the other way around.
Persians have greatly contributed to the development of the script and even helped shape the Arabic grammar in its written form.
However, if the Kuffic script is originally from Persian, how did it develop (not in a vaccum presumably since the Persians were using the Pahlavi scripts...)?
As for the fact that Arabic was not a written language before Islam, several inscriptions contradict this hypothesis. 15minutehistory.org/podcast/episode-107-the-yazid-inscription/
In areas that are so geographically close, most things work in terms of "continuum". All cultures give and take to respond to the historical necessities of the times.
And, at this point in History, it's important to remain humble as many things are yet to be discovered.
Thank you for your comment.
@@nofridaynightplans smh you still didn't give him a counter argument. and it's true that the arabic script came from persian scripts and was developed by persians. just because you think it's not, doesn't make it less coming from persians.
@@batminton7467from what i know the Arabic alphabet was created in today’s Iraq by both Arab and Persian merchants of that region,Iraq had mixed population of Arab and Persian at that time, the kingdom of the Lakhmids were allies of Persia until a Persian king decided to execute theyre king in front his own people and annex theyre land this bad action later on played a key role in the down fall of the Persians and perhaps the greatest reason why Arabs hated the Persians so much after conquering them
@@nofridaynightplans It's more like you say USA older than China 😂
I hope that in the future, Iranians will be able to revive the ancient Persian script and use it in everyday writing. thank you
You mean Aramaic? 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
@@user-fl5mq9kp7g 🍆
@@user-fl5mq9kp7gno moron. It's called Avestan alphabet
Grow up, Arabic alphabet is the most beautiful alphabet
@@coolranch-ez4tuNo, the Chinese logographs are the most beautiful
why do you say "empaire" instead of of em-pire?
I shall go and ponder this very existential question, and get back to you as soon as I find the answer.
Colonization like any nation using latin
Arabic is a very rich language. Arabs have had a glorious history of culture and science. Persian language and culture is very rich too. It is not only Persians that have changed their alphabet, even Turks have used Arabic letters for centuries. These three nations have had very powerful empires.
Can someone who’s native language is Arabic answer my question please?
How is it possible that in Arabic there are 4 missing letters that are very common in Farsi and many other languages; These letters are G (گ), P (پ), Ch (چ), and J (ژ)?
So it means Arabic never had a word with P or G? Is it even possible?
How do you pronounce international words such as Park, Google, Check? Do you change the word completely (make a new word in Arabic) or just replace the letter to another one? For example what is the word for “Google”? Is it a completely new word or is it like “Kookle” for example since there is no G?
It’s very difficult for me to understand how these letters are missing in Arabic because as I said they are very common in other languages specifically the letters of P and G are very common in most of the words in Farsi, English, German, etc.
The letter "P" does not exist in Arabic at all, and there is not a single word that contains this letter
And the letter "ch" is written "تش". It's not difficult! We can write it in our Arabic alphabet and we do not need to import Persian letters
None of the Arabs write the letter “چ” except for the Iraqis and Kuwaitis, due to their close proximity to Iran. As for the rest of the Arab world, they do not use it, but rather use the letter “تش”
The letter "g" is the same as the letter "ق".
The word “google” is written in Arabic as “قوقل” It is very, very simple. I don’t know why you imagine that it is so difficult? 😁
@@Abu_Nasser_Al-Ghamdi قوقل؟ 😂😂😂😂😂
@@Shahram19702010
The letter "G" does not exist at all in the ancient Arabic language, "Fusha", and there is no word that contains this letter, That's why this letter does not exist in the alphabet
But in modern Arabic, the letter “ق” became the letter “G”.
There are two ways to pronounce the letter “ق”, the stressed way, which is its true pronunciation in classical Arabic, and the light way, which becomes “G”.
Please do not laugh and look down on us when your language basically contains 60% Arabic vocabulary and you use our alphabet!
Before you laugh at the alphabets of other languages, tell me where your lost alphabet is? 🤣🤣🤣
@@Abu_Nasser_Al-Ghamdi I am not laughing at your language, it was just funny the word قوقل seems the same as the sound that a rooster make early morning🤣🤣🤣
Joke aside, Farsi language doesn’t contain %60 Arabic words either but off course borrowed many words which is not a shame for a language; It only adds to its richness of vocabulary. Like English that contains many words from other languages so don’t be ashamed if your language borrowed words. The richness of a language depends on how a language is useful. Farsi is an ancient poetic language and Arabic is also a very rich language, so I’ve heard, but you can imagine that for each person the native language is smoother/sweeter than foreign languages, for me personally English is the only language that equals to my Native language, even French or Spanish doesn’t sound nice to me. 👍👍👍
The modern script used today by Arabic and Persian is a fusion between the Old Arabic script and The Script pahlavi created by the Persian conference
3:22 Never write negative dates! Use BC or BCE. I don't know about you, but I have been taught that there are no negative dates.
That makes sense, because the AD system was developed by men who had not heard of (or did not believe in) the concept of zero.
Zoorastian and Islam religion.resembled eachother. Both adopted Persian language.
I would love a video about Kurdish language :)
I'll do my best to venture in these waters at some point. But you'll need to be patient.
I didn't watch your video but based on the title you used, I would encourage you to go and research about the Pahlavi language and alphabet.
Most of Arabic scholars were
Iranians . Iranians used eloquence of Arabic language to enrich the sensual language i
Of Farsi .the literature of Persian language would not be as enriched and beautiful without Arabic mixture
The Persians did not only take the Arabic alphabets but also many Arabic words form the Persian language! Arabic letters were practical and simple to use. The Persians were part of the Arab Empire and very close to the Capital city. Many elite Persians lived in the Arab world and totally adopted Arabic and Arab culture. Also, Persians were Muslims and learned Arabic to understand the Quran! 🧡
Arabic has incorporated a plethora of Persian words as well. It’s a natural phenomenon in any language.
@@nofridaynightplans thats true. No denying to that
Thank you for your comment :)
@@nofridaynightplans thanks!! 😄
hahahaha yeah sure, the way they killed off the rashiduns, plus the offspring of the prophet, plus the ummayads. and dont forget that the abbasids were persians. lying about the past is not very nice of you.
You could write English in the Arabic script if you wanted to - I believe other Indo-European languages like Albanian and Bosnian were at times written with Arabic script -during the Ottoman Turkish occupation as Turks then as well wrote in Arabic script. Even Indonesian languages (Javanese) once written in Arabic script. The same thing was done with Cyrillic when Russian owned a slew of countries in central Asia and the far East.
Arabic alphabetic is the simplest form of writing.based on only 4 shapes .
Being language of quran,it is truly universal language.some one can read it in every part of world
What you call Arabic are not Arabit alphabet but Persian and made in Koufa, a city near Basra which was part of Persia. 😊
Yeah before Islam it's capital of Iran
Great video but also tell the audience how the Arabic script was imposed upon the Iranian people. You showed the Arabic conquest as if it was really chill and not harsh
Islamic conquest of Persia is one of saddest events in history. A glorious civilization conquered by barbarism and never recovered since.
True
The Islamic Golden Age literally started in Persia.
well than you didn't read the histories very well. the persian revenge on the arabs was devastating. they wiped out almost everyone and rewrote their histories. modern day bedouins try to cope with that historical fact by spreading lies and fake historical accounts. but the schooled ones know exactly what i mean with the persian revenge.
Agreed
Haha we conquered and humiliated your civilization. Such a Persian loser
1:30 It's unfortunate that the map for some reason includes Tajikistan as part of China, especially since this is a video about a Persian language.
And also Kyrgyzstan... And the Caspian is not colored as water...
It's just that good
Basically, the Greeks had the advantage over the Persians with the Greek script. Very interesting.
It's even more interesting in Kurdish , making it easier to read and write , with more accuracy ❤️☀️💚
There is one more letter for Kurdish , it sounds like ( V ) in English , it's like (ف) but with 3 dots , this letter is not in Arabic or Persian , and only can be pronounced in Kurdi
Kurdish as a language literally doesnt exist
Kurdish isnt a singular language
@@persianguy1524 kurdish is the 8th strongest language in the world Persian guy 😂😂😂
Kurdish has 900000 words , that's while 45% of Persian words are Arabic
Let the haters bark 😚
@@personalmobile9421
You can comforting yourself by lying as much as you want
Kurds are using so many Arabic and Persian words
That kind of Kurdish you're talking about it's only in north of Iraq which less than 4.5 millions are speaking with it not more
plus Kurdish is not a single language
@@saeeddookat2330 kurdish is one of the most pure languages , Tirki and Percian will die if they don't use Arabic , Kurdish is the 8th language in the world , I'm not saying it , Google and researchers say , kurds and arabs are natives , I'm from Rojhelat of kurdistan , all of us speak in kurdish , and indeed every kurd speaks in kurdish , and yet you can spread misinformation in social media as much as you want , kurdish independence will happen , no one can be stopped
The day the great Persians fell stupidly to adopt the Arabic religion and culture, that day marked the beginning of the downfall of once the world center of knowledge. And it would never be the same until they get ride of the Arabic culture and religion.
Exactly
The Persian Alphabet or Abjad was further adapted, by the addition of extra letters, for use with Urdu and Sindhi. Urdu is possibly understood by about twice as many people as Persian, thought not all of them can read and write it.
Its all descended of Aramaic anyways
Early Islamic Malay language also derived from the Arabic language we called it jawi. Like the Persian, Jawi also some additional letters add to suit our tongue,unfortunately the Jawi slowly forgotten by our youth.
Actually many malay can read and write jawi but its easier to use latin alphabet...plus malay language need to have vowels to sound like native
This video is all over the place
A very simple answer to this question would be: Umavid and Abbassid caliphs prohibited the use of Pahlavi. You failed to mention that and it's disappointing.
The answer is far from simple. The Umayyid caliphs changed the formal language to Arabic and prohibited the use of Pahlavi in the public sphere, but this was a couple hundred years before Persians adopted the Arabic script. The Abbasids on the other hand, did NOT prohibit the pahlavi script and even allowed Zoroastrian priests to write theological treatises in Middle Persian. Some Abbasid caliphs even allowed debates between Zoroastrian scholars and Muslim scholars to take place in their courts, which was then documented by each group in their respective languages (middle persian being one of them).
Here is a quote from an article on Brill titled “Fashioning Persian Identity: Asadi’s Staged Dispute between a Zoroastrian and a Muslim”
“After the conquest of Persia and the start of the conversion of Persians to Islam in the seventh century, debate poems came into vogue in the intellectual milieu and at the élite courts of the Abbasid period (750-1258). At gatherings organized at the courts or mansions of the aristocracy, religious leaders of various communities were invited to debate controversial religious subjects (Griffith; van Berkel; Bauer, 172-82). Such contests took place between members of the Zoroastrian communities and Muslims or Muslims and Christians, Manicheans, or Jews. These debates, which belong to the genre of apologetic literature, have survived in both Middle Persian and New Persian.
The fact that disputations became popular during this period shows how religious communities in the early Islamic Middle East responded to the rise of Islam. The Arab-Islamic invasion of Persia created a very complex situation for Persians as they processed the socio-political transformation and the integration of Islam in their lives. “
This tolerance towards Middle Persian was only continued and even amplified during the Iranian Intermezzo period where dynasties like the Buyids, Samanids, etc… allowed the publishing of Middle Persian texts along with New Persian ones. It was during the Iranian Intermezzo period, where Iran was either under fully sovereign rule from the caliphs or defacto sovereign rule (depending on which part of iran and which year), that the Arabic script was adopted. It was the Tahirids who were defacto independent from the Abbasids who first made the change to the Arabic script formally. To simplify this complex matter by sayinf the Abbasids prohibited the use of Pahlavi would be foolish. In fact, there is a Middle Persian text called the Gizistag Abalish which documented a debate between a Zoroastrian priest and a heretic dualist (zandik) in the court of al mamun. You can find more about that text by reading the following paper:
A Zoroastrian Dispute in the Caliph’s Court
The Gizistag Abāliš in its Early Islamic Context
Christian C. Sahner
Oriental Institute, University of Oxford
christian.sahner@orinst.ox.ac.uk
Thank you for writing such a detailed answer. I'm sure this will be valuable for many viewers.
@Alborzhakimi7010 well thanks for the very informative and long answer but can you explain the scarcity of Middle Persian texts during the Iranian intermezzo and the sudden flourishing of Early Modern Persian in the 9th century? Any reason beyond the political prohibition would sound foolish to me no matter how many documents you provide. The history is written by the winners AKA the Muslims (both Arab overlords and locals) who had the upper hand. You may argue that the written form of Middle Persian didn't have a strong backbone even in the Sassanid era but to say that the Arab Caliphs didn't ban the use of the Pahlavi script is just a big fat lie. No nation has ever chosen a certain script unless it was heavily supported or even imposed by the ruling class.
@nofridaynightplans yet your video failed to mention such an important factor i.e. the political reasons and the Arab overlords' racism toward anything originally Persian
"No nation has ever chosen a certain script unless it was heavily supported or even imposed by the ruling class."
The State has always been the entity meant to defend and support the interests of the ruling class... ever since the emergence of class divisions with the Neolithic revolution.
If it happened that way, there were objective historical reasons. And the interest of the people is never one of these.
بسیار آموزنده
Many did...A more interesting question to ask is why some changed their language to Arabic???
The Arabic language is smart and easy to use
@@Mohammed-zn6qr Most Muslim nations largest in the world, Such as India, Indonesia, some regions of China, and among others kept their languages. Few who changed the language to Arabic were likely forced, as there is no other explanation. It is easy to say it is smart and easy, but no one will buy that. Must say some of these did use the alphabet for various reasons as they had a choice. Some like Turkey later changed back, as they thought why should they use Arabic to write? Thanks anyway.
Most countries that changed their language to Arabic (a Semitic language), already spoke another Semitic language which was less standardized and had less literature of knowledge in comparison to Arabic. But some like Indians didn't leave their language because their language has a rich history of elite literary works as well as scientific and mathematical works that Arabic only complemented, never replaced.
Interesting but I don't think language spoken by tribes got anything to do with Arabic.
@@alhazenmediax
Brother, I don't understand you. Do you despise tribes or the Arabic language? If you despise the Arabic language and your photo contains Arabic words and letters, it is best to remove it to protect your face and pride. If you despise the Arab tribes, do not forget that they defeated the Persians and Romans in a few years and overthrew their empires, not to mention the empires of India and China. In addition, they created great empires and wrote history, and they have great merit that intellectuals (not the ignorant) know about.
This clip is entirely misinformation! Current Persian language alphabet has evolved from the Iranian Pahlavic alphabet.
After Persia was conquered and ruled by the Arabs they banned the Persian of using their language and culture for the next 200 years they were not allowed to use anything resembles the Persian and this period is known in the history as Persian silence year and alot of Arabic words got into the Persian and alot of Persian words got into Arabic too and the Persian scholars refined the Arabic letters and made it suitable for them to use by adding the dots and creating the Arabic grammar as we know it today
This is false , Arabs have never banned the Persian language stop spreading lies
Yes it is ture, 2nd kalif omar ibn khatab ordered to fire and burn the biggest library in the world and first university Gondi Shahpour جندی شاهپور because his logic was ONLY Quran is enough for us as book of God! and use of Pahlavi was illegal to the point that most Iranian and Persin science scripts and books was written in Arabic
Then you don't know the real history, of course it is up to you to believe in anything you wish
The Arabs did not prevent anyone from using their language
Iranians use Arabic because it is a superior language
Even Al-Biruni preferred to curse in Arabic rather than praise in Persian
Alphabets are almost the same and similar. Persian and Urdu are also similar in the choice of Alphabets but the languages are totally different.
Arabi and Ibrani are sister languages.
Persians are not using Arabic letters..... maybe Arabs are using Persian's alphabets
Why hindi languge adopting devanagri script ?
Technically: the Perso-Arabic script
Actually, the Perso-Arabic writing system is neither Arabic nor Persian. It was originally developed by the ancient Assyrians to write down their Aramaic language. So, calling this form of writing Arabic is wrong and needs to be corrected.
And by the way, although many people call our language “ Farsi “, but it’s originally supposed to be called “ Parsi “. Farsi is the Arabic pronunciation for Parsi as Arabs don’t have the “ P “ sound in their language.
And lastly, Persians didn’t adopt the writing system known as Arabic. It was forcefully imposed upon them by the Muslim-Arab conquerors. After Persia was conquered by the Muslim-Arabs, they banned speaking Persian language and replaced it with Arabic with nearly two centuries until the Persians fought back and eventually drove the Arab occupiers out of Persia. Only then, the Persian language was once again revived and restored, but this time with a heavy influence from Arabic language to the point that the Parsi language itself is called with its Arabic pronunciation of Farsi!
I don't think saying Persian script derived from arabic is accurate...the extra letter found in farsi are also used in many different arabic dialects...in the ild time arabic was not the classic arabic we know today they were like dialects some of them had those extra letters some didn't...and the the alphabet they established that had 28 letters was just conventional to be the best because it was unnecessary to have extra letters that only few minorities used ... Like the soung /g/ ڨ we just write it as ق or ڨ گ even that ڨ گ are not conventionally in the arabic alphabet yet most of us already know people use them and therefore understand them ..also the sound / p / is not present in the arabic alphabet yet most of us can pronounce it and we have it in our dialects especially north africans they can speak any language perfectly... So it's more about who was in charge of making the rules they often do not know about other tribes abd dialects...you know harsh desert vast land there were many people living without the ruler knowing about them
And what I like about Persians is that they are nice and. They don't feel bad or get offended when someone tells that that script is arabic script...they are proud of themselves
I don't understand you. Persian writing came from Arabic, that's obvious, you can look at their earlier writing systems to compare. I think you might be confusing something between writing systems and phonology, it's very common for a language to add symbols for itself when it adopts a writing system from another language.
Persian languages derived from classic arabic (quranic arabic). There is no /g/ sound, Because of this /g/ is written like گ, k-g. B-p, z-zh
@@Uchqunbekuz *Persian script
Iranians are nice and fun but try calling them Arabs and you will see the backlash 🤣
@@CeoLogJM no no ..i was saying the same thing because the video owner kinda made them look like two different writing systems i agree with what you said here of course
So called Arabic numerals are known as that but that number system was adopted by them & introduced to the West.....taking credit for achievements or cultural appropriation isnt just a recent /modern phenomena !
The 10 base system & computation in columns of 10s 100s 1000s etc , the use of the decimal point & the numerals 1- 9 were invented in Ancient India as was the concept of figure 0 to represent nothing/Zero. The Arab invasions & conquests into the Indian subcontinent made them aware of the simplely superior mathematical power of the Indian system compared to the Roman numerals & system generally used.
The numerals in use now across the world-are nothing to do with neither the Arabic or Farsi language scripts.
And yes Farsi developed within the Indo-European language family.
True ❤😊
Number System & Zero, Sugarcane & Sugar Making, Wootz Steel(later known as Damascus steel) etc are things Arabs adopted from India and Spread it to the west 😊
Persians DID NOT adapt Arabic alphabet. Arabic language and alphabets flourished by Persian scientists. Correct your title please.
Persians either invented the alphabet or adopted it.
Since they didn't invent it, they very much did adopt it. Curb your pointless nationalism, most countries in the world adopted an alphabet instead of inventing one.
@@HalfLifeHalfDead
Very much! what do mean VERY MUCH? You either have knowledge or don't know about the subject.
if you don't have knowledge please just S....P.
@@daryabaghdar4340 and yet you are the one inventing history. Did Persia invent the Arabic alphabet, yes or no?
Its name is perso arabic alphabet ( mixed pahlavi and kufi script)