What Caused The Cambrian Explosion?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 20 ธ.ค. 2023
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9:48 - Part 1 - The Cambrian Explosion
29:40 - Part 2 - A Real Explosion?
44:51 - Part 3 - Animals From The Earth
1:07:27 - Part 4 - Tipping Points
Written & researched by Leila Battison. Check out her channel:-
/ @somethingincredible
Video & script edited by Pete Kelly. Check out his channel:-
/ @petekellyhistory
Narration by David Kelly. Check out his channel:-
/ @voicesofthepast
Thumbnail Art by Ettore Mazza
- Image Credits:
Matteo De Stefano/MUSE
Avancna en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilobo...
Oleg Kuznetsov - 3depix - 3depix.com/ 3D Epix Inc.
www.ediacaran.org/fractofusus....
F. S. Dunn, C. G. Kenchington, L. A. Parry, J. W. Clark, R. S. Kendall & P. R. Wilby www.nature.com/articles/s4155...
Spriggina ovata, South Australia. Image: Dr Alex Liu
Daderot - Own work
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spriggi...
spriggina.html
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dickins...
Aleksey Nagovitsyn (Alnagov
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Fi...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilobi...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trilobi...
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tardigrade
www.ediacaran.org/charnia-maso...
Photo: Bob Thomas/Popperfoto via Getty Images/Getty Images
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Boycott betterhelp. Free Palestine
it's a scam, stop accepting their money...
Boo better help. I have no idea why they haven't been slapped down by HIPPA laws or the FDA.
your fungus vid is down
L+ ratio + boycott BH + 7.8mil lawsuit over stolen user data + free 🇵🇸 + your fungus vid is down
Gez, betterhelp is really trying to do a redemption tour/history sweeping with all these sponsorships on various channels after the stuff that went down a couple years back when they got caught mishandling patient info and unqualified professionals they hired. Selling patient info to various people should have destroyed the company... I mean when you get the FTC going after over it, you know you've screwed up.
They're just doing what NordVPN did after they leaked every single one of their usernames and passwords: doubling down on advertising and hoping people forget.
www.ftc.gov/business-guidance/blog/2023/03/ftc-says-online-counseling-service-betterhelp-pushed-people-handing-over-health-information-broke
Also monopolized/corporatized mental health treatment sounds ominous
@@theo6741 i mean thats the america we live in lol
pov private healthcare
Hope you like the content, negative Nancy
glad your channel is getting sponsored, but i must remind people that betterhelp does not have the best practices and they have mishandled medical data as well as hired therapists without qualifications that have severely mistreated patients. just want people to stay safe
There are channels sponsored by whisky, Coca cola, sigaretts and medicinal drugs. By military- industrial consortiums and by countries with dictatorship type of government.. so always we are at risk, and that are we who need to have some common sense and dont criticize such a very good channel that need be sponsored to continue making this superb content.
@@tamarausher60 Yeah and those suck too
also the way sponsors work is that the company will stop sponsoring a channel that doesn't get them any business. comments like these are to make sure the people watching don't go use the service just because they see it on this channel.
@@tamarausher60first of all, the VAST majority of people knows that alcohol and tobacco is dangerous. But with companies like better help that's not the case, (and it's really serious what they have done) especially when it comes to subscribers/users with disabilities or mental illness and such, they can be very trusting and easy to take advantage of, wich better help does and they have done A LOT more than that.
Its disgusting.
And listen, this channel has over 50000 subscribers and they have a few other channels with even more, this isn't one or two persons doing all this hard work on their own, this is more or less a company/business, so no, they do NOT "need" sponsors. They choose to have sponsors.
And they are ABSOLUTELY at fault for chosing money over their subscriber's health and wellbeing. Betterhelp has done disgusting stuff, inexcusable stuff, and people know this, especially those who choose to work with them like this channel, you always look into your sponsors, especially channels as big as this, and they still choose to support them, that's disgusting.
Don't put TH-cam channels on a pedestal, even if you enjoy their content, do your research always and please dont support behavior like this, call it out, that's how people grow and this world gets better
The video itself is mishandling information, so it seems thematic.
Fitting..Pseudo intellectual Sponsorship for a channel pushing Satanic Theories as Fact.
This is the great deception..Lies lies and more lies to cover Reality.
This is sooooo weird if you actually pay attention to it. the sudden music shifts, unrelated footage, the way he repeats himself and continually changes the way he pronounces things, lol. it's really actually even more hypnotic in that way. it keeps you kinda dizzy lol
My favorite part of TH-cam is how they time ads perfectly for when I'm almost but not quite asleep.
Absolutely maddening
And they are 10 decibels louder than the video
This is like the main reason I pay for premium. Was ruining my favorite way to fall asleep
@@dr.briandecker496 Had to pay for it... I use it for a lot of background music in DnD games, and adblock got too unreliable. I hope most stay strong though./
Sponsorblock + DeArrow have changed my life and save me 13 quid a month
A change in ocean chemistry may have played a significant role in the Cambrian explosion. A gradual change from acid to alkaline would have permitted calcareous exoskeletons to evolve.
true
that's how particle life works, I think we kinda solved where we came from to be honest.
If you mean primordial soup, every scientific experiment and test to try to validate the theory has failed,
@@and_I_am_Life_the_fixer_of_all
More likely that this just means the amount of fossilization changed, while the actual animal abundance was more or less the same.
This makes sense! I keep a coral fish tank and I have some marine snails in there. And I have to watch the pH (lots of factors but definitely pH) very carefully
I once read a biography about Wallace. In that book, it was said that Wallace (who gave the Wallace Line its name) contacted Charles Darwin, in order to discuss his own findings. Whithin the correspondence, he asked Darwin to publish their common idea in his book, as Wallace had the feeling he was not confident enough and would not be able to deal with the backlash that such a thesis would cause. So there was no competition at all, Wallace simply left this task to Darwin.
It's true that Darwin thought Wallace deserved more credit for the theory than he ever claimed. He wrote to him “You are the only man I ever heard of who persistently does himself an injustice & never demands justice” (14 April 1869). But Wallace recognized that Darwin's work on the theory not only predated his own, but explored it in much greater depth than Wallace had ever envisioned. Wallace mostly claimed credit for being the impetus that pushed Darwin into the action of actually publishing his long-delayed book. Later, Darwin and Wallace corresponded extensively and shared their ideas freely, each helping influence the evolution of the other's evolutionary ideas, even though those became increasingly divergent over time.
@@llanitedaveWow, that is rather heart warming.
Also, It’s a little bit ironic because survival of the fittest if (crudely) “applied” to the scenario would predict a far more adversarial approach to their respective academic contributions.
@@SmartWentCrazy. If crudely applied, perhaps. But the concept of "fitness" actually allows for a lot of finesse in the real word. A feature or behavior that is "fit" depends greatly on the local context in the current environment. Big, strong, and confrontational is not always the most successful combination. In humans, reproductive success involves the skill of maintaining interpersonal relationships and cultivating cooperating peers and allies. That quality also has a bonus when it comes to sustaining a civilization.
@@llanitedave All true and it raises an essential about why Darwin was able to develop the theory to greater depth. Put simply, Darwin was a rich gentleman, a member of the ruling class, and Wallace was a working stiff. While Darwin was able to muse in his garden for years, Wallace was in the hot zone trying to make money. In fact, it was only being knocked out for months with a tropical fever that allowed him to put the paper together that shocked Darwin into action. Wallace and Darwin understood that if Wallace came forward as the promoter of the theory, he could quite easily be dismissed, ridiculed, ignored. Whereas Darwin was well-connected with the scientific establishment and would at least get a hearing.
@@robotboy719 That's partly true. Darwin, as a member of the upper class, had a certain amount of credibility from the start. But for the most part, the credibility was hard-won. Darwin's grandfather Erasmus was also a member of the upper class, wrote on many issues, and even had an idea that species might be changeable. But none of his musings got any traction, primarily because in addition to being upper class, he was thought to be a bit of a flake. So even then, there was more to credibility than class. Darwin was already a famous and respected naturalist before Wallace even entered the field, his voyage on the Beagle was already the stuff of legend, and his expertise and scholarship was well-known. The fact that Wallace was a relatively unknown quantity was not merely because of his more humble origins, but simply because he had less experience and less of a track record than Darwin did, a fact which he readily acknowledged. It's true that Wallace's reputation rose greatly because Darwin was his mentor, and its true that Wallace's version of the theory would have gotten very little attention had it not been for Darwin. But it's also true that Darwin's work was far more developed, broader, deeper, more well referenced, and had a much larger store of data backing it up. Wallace's insight was amazing, original, and mostly correct, but it's not unfair to say that Darwin's theory was already largely complete before Wallace wrote him about it, and deserved primary credit.
Finally! My favourite earth-history channel returns!
Edit: wonderful job, loved it. Very thoroughly presented, with some cool metaphors.
now with fraudsters BETTERHELP AKA WORSEHELP LOL
One of the theories I've heard that I like to explain the Cambrian Explosion is the ending of one of the many Snowball Earth era's, all the extra mineral material being washed into the oceans gave life a much more diverse chemical and mineral soup to evolve from.
interesting
Would this have happened as asteroids hit earth bringing new life along with new food available for life in the form of new chemistry or minerals? Making it available to these organisms and emerging life forms ?
@@moneyandtimefreedom3352panspermia is possible, but would likely have happened much earlier. All life discovered today shares a couple hundred genes which point to a bacteria-like single-celled ancestor -- LUCA
I see the Cambrian explosion more like when a procedurally generated game like Minecraft or Dwarf Fortress makes a new world and starts throwing pure RNG at the wall to see what sticks and then starts weeding out the mistakes.
LOL
This episode was a 'Tour de Force" to explain our current understanding of the Cambrian Explosion [of life] on Earth. Worth every minute of my Christmas Holiday vacation. Thank you so much!!
dong dong dong dong 🎉🎉🎉🎉
happy holidays🤗
ayaw kol😂
A good therapist doesn't give advice or try to run anyone's life.
Anyone who does that is playing god.
@@gerardjones7881 What are you talking about? Are you ok?
@christianhoffman7407 i think they meant to reply to a completely different comment about the sponsor 😂
One thing to keep in mind, a "moment" in the geologic timescale could be 10's of millions of years.
Thank you, Leila Battison and the crew for the video. By far the best series on the tube.
Incredible doc, including “we don’t know and maybe we never will “.
It os great that even though there are two additional channels already, you still continue to tell the History of the Earth. I was so waiting for another episode! Amazing one!
Throwing confetti at the news that this will finally be up in just a bit longer after waiting for so long for it. Thank you, team!
I would say the diversification and phylogenetic placement of the Ediacaran biota is a greater mystery, but I'm still grateful for this video
As soon as I heard about the Ediacaran, my main thought was along the lines of "Whoooa, look, The Original Slime Layer figured out how to coordinate and communicate between cells such that now we've got attractive non-random tissue-like growth patterns! Kids, the world is your oyster, what are you going to do with TISSUES?" And indeed, the Cambrians [etc.] went nuts with this great idea…
The two mysterious are really closely related, so much so they almost can't be discussed separately. Most of the Ediacaran biota can't be related later Cambrian biota, so either most Ediacaran forms died out with no descendants, and complex animal life appeared twice, or there is a lot of missing fossils that bridge the gap between Cambrian and Ediacaran forms. Likely there is a mixture of the two at play. This is not to mention that a lot of cambrian forms are hard to place in the animal family tree as well.
@@Ashitaka-gx2od they're not exactly related they occured at different times under vastly different conditions. The only relation is that in some unknown way, the Ediacaran influenced the setting of the stage for the Cambrian. Geologically and Biologically they are extremely alien to eachother.
@Malconeous Given that they both "dovetailed" off of the nearly billion-year-long Proterozoic era of single-celled organisms is worth noting at least. It's weird. Especially since multicellularity took so long to "evolve" normally, for it to just happen twice in geologically quick succession is suspicious (unless they're related, or, as you put it, one created the conditions needed for the other)
One "could" argue that humans created the conditions for AI to spontaniously "evolve," so say in millions of years from now, it would be nessesary to study "ancient humans" AND "AI" together to fully grasp the situation, even though, technically, AI didn't evolve "from" us directly. We'd still be related subjects.
There was a whole episode dedicated to ediacran, it was really nice
I've been waiting for this ever since I found this channel more than an year ago!!
Great early Christmas gift from you guys!
Your videos never fail to fascinate and educate. Thank you for these.
Just amazing how you consistently turn out the highest quality content on TH-cam. Thank You!
Not the highest, just some nice pictures and a soft voice. Listen to what is being said and it is not 100% top notch, nor fast paced, authoritive or gritty enough to eliminate the "maybe it happened this way, we don't really know" voice. We know. We know earth was a snowball just before and then eukaryotic life "exploded"... plus hard exoskeletons remember? Perhaps the key is in the evidence that survives. Has exoskeleton chemistry received enough attention?
@@simonmasters3295 I would add that the nice pictures cannot be trusted. at 12:29 they misrepresent an African antelope (and a background that is obviously African, not North American) as an American pronghorn antelope.
@@simonmasters3295yeah but I mean dudes churning out multiple free documentaries a month that are high quality and very interesting. He really is one of the best channels right now!
@@simonmasters3295Then what is the highest?
What a fabulous series. I came across it yesterday morning, I've watched them all in 2 days. Information dense, real information, really good.
I was the one who kept bothering yall for a new episode of History of the Earth for what 6 months now? And gentlemen, you made the wait worth it more than you could ever know! I fucking love this series. Thank you 🙏 and hope you enjoy your holidays cheers 🍻
I honestly wondered if they dropped it with all the other channels going on 😂
@@characterblub2.0 trust me dude…so did I lol that’s why every community post I would just post asking about this channel lol 😂
1:33 hours of video and 95% of it is trash. Either it's the same information available anywhere on youtube (but in a much more concise form) or the narrator just goes on and on with endless questions. In conclusion, a pointless video, neither showing the history and the plethora of theories about the cambrian explosion nor anything new about it.
Just yesterday I looked at your channel checking if you’d uploaded. Thank you for the early Christmas present!
This is such a fascinating time in Earth's history. I am looking forward to the video!
Thank you! That was well worth waiting for. Well done Leila! Superb text!
Nobody by BetterHelp better help is a scam
You made geology very, very interesting. You, good sir, have a super power and I'm happy to be able to experience it. Thank you!
Geology had always been very very interesting, what are your talking about?
12:30 -FYI, this antelope is a type of African hartebeest (not sure the exact species or subspecies). They’re members of the genus _Alcelaphus_ in family Bovidae (cattle, antelope, sheep, goats); American pronghorn belong to the family Antilocapridae, of which they are the only surviving members. Their nearest relatives are giraffes and okapi. 😊 hehe
Do they like ear scritches and belly rubs?
I noticed that, too. A minor mistake, but worth mentioning.
Thank you for the great content. These videos are incredibly well done.
Amazing, as always. I have half my work hooked on the channels.
Leila, Pete, and David, this series is, in my opinion, the best series on TH-cam. From research/writing, to editing, to presentation, it is absolutely top notch. I watch a lot of content on TH-cam and some of it is well done, but none as good, in total, as what you do. Just Wow! Thank you for the hours and hours of work that go into each episode. I learn so much from each one. I wish everyone had the luxury of time to experience these gems.
Constructive criticism on audio edits - I often fall asleep listening to TH-cam. When the narrator has a nice voice it helps me sleep. This narrator is perfect, but the music edits that go up in volume in-between his words is very distracting and even wakes me from sleep. I suggest just leaving the music volume steady and not making it go up and down with the talking. Thanks for awesome content.
I noticed this too, I wonder if its a new editor because the weird subheadings at the bottom left of the screen are new too.
try 2xing the vid - the music become more interesting and the voice less boring.
The music seems more noticeable and wildy disjointed in this video compared to previous ones. I also listen often when falling asleep (no ads with subscription) and end up listen to each video many times.
If you want good videos to fall asleep to, check out Classic Ghost Stories Podcast.
Yeah, and it can be somewhat distracting too. I use the videos when I play games, and I really enjoy when there’s just low background music that doesn’t change in volume. That way there’s no need to fiddle with it and they just need to focus on the audio quality of said music and the voice. So far there hasn’t been any issues with the narration, but I know of some channels where an otherwise wonderful video gets ruined because the voice is fuzzy, there’s a faint echo or they don’t keep the mic in front of them properly, so their voice changes whenever they move their head. It’s such a shame, cuz it is so distracting when that happens! Although, I suppose there’s less risk of that happening here, since the narrator isn’t on screen and can fully focus on talking instead of looking at the camera.
Been waiting for a new one for long, so happyyy!!❤️
"It's the Cambrian Explosion!"
- Bill Wurtz
"Wow, that's animals n stuff"
now that 6 second jingle is gonna be in my head all day, along with the lasor thing.
It makes so happy to see someone else also compare literally everything to how matter seems to go through cycles of building micro-structures which then become pieces in more complex structures which then become the small pieces in even more complex stuff.
Which includes us, the human, right? We're all part of something
It's why there is almost certainly life on other planets
Not literally everything. There is a theory nobody seems to have come up with, one that I think is obvious, but I have yet to publish. I end up watching most docs like this, all published papers, and attempt to hear as many lectures as I can find, just to make sure I don't get beaten to the punch.
Dude makes great videos! I’d like to see some more from History Time, but these are great too!
Wowee, your most thorough deep dive yet! I've always loved your writing style, and this installment is top notch work from a top notch writer.
Great channel. I started putting the videos on in the background but I really enjoy your visualizations of the material. Very nice narration and I don't recall hearing anything I disagreed with..in fact I know I've heard some things that I haven't heard from anything other than papers and lectures.
I love your channel, but I wish the sound was more smooth~ like the music in between thoughts/sentences is always so much louder than the narration.
Can't wait to watch this throughout my day tomorrow
I’VE BEEN WAITING SO LONG FOR THIS
Love your work, I usually watch each of your video several times over, to refresh what I learned the last time.
I love these videos but can you please reduce the music volume throughout? And the jumps in volume when the narration stops are quite annoying
Turn your volume down somewhat
agreed
I unsubscribed because of that.
@@brainsthecatandhisfellowfe9710that doesn't work when only one of the audio elements of the video is loud at random times. It's not consistent and it's not the ENTIRE video that's too loud, it's just the music that, for some reason, is loud as hell when he isn't talking.
I love the Paleozoic. I can't wait for the next episode! Thanks for creating these.
Hopefully it'll be about the Ordovician Radiation.
@@wolfpackastrobiology3690yeah, me too. I love the Ordovician period because my son found an Ordovician fossil bed near our house and I always want to learn more about the ecosystem from back then. And see them colorfully swimming and wiggling around, rendered in CGI.
Time well spent,thank you!
What a wonderful Christmas gift! 😄 it’s been a while since the last video but it’s excellent as always!
So basically, this could be summarized as;
"What caused the Cambrian explosion?"
"Yes."
Perhaps.
I'd personally guess that it really was a combination of all of the above as well as maybe some other factors. Maybe that moment was us overcoming a Great Filter and such extraordinary convergences were needed for that jump.
Think radiation and not in the biological sense. Intense volcanism brings up radioactive elements that alter the DNA of existing organisms. Most are fatal, hence cancer, but some are beneficial and you have a modified organism.
@@sizanogreen9900 We're probably the only forms of life in this entire super-cluster of galaxies that miraculously overcame such a ridiculous hurdle of improbably and coincidence. Probably why we're all alone.
And AI too, somehow even gets a mention lol
also, can we applaud that he hyped up the phrase "cambrian explosion" so well that he didn't even need to say it until 8 minutes in?
I 2x these vids - so it was only 3.5 minutes in for me. thks
Yeesss !! We've been waiting for this channel to publish ! I am trully elated ! :D
Loved your build up and the depth of perspective .
Something is wrong with the sound on this one;
It sounds muffled, bassy and lower volume.
why aren't you 2xing it?
A most excellent and illuminating video, thanks. I hope you are going to produce more of the same. ❤❤❤❤❤
I’ve been waiting for this for a long time 🎉
Can't help but feel such a deep gratitude to the minds who figured all this out, and also to the creators of this video for their detailed presentation, made available on TH-cam for free. What a time to be alive!
the Cambrian Explosion of the most fascinating topics in paleontology
@@jamesmills2087 I said paleontology
of course, "it's the cambrian explosion." Bill Wurtz
I've been excited for a video on the Cambrian Explosion to come out here, and it did not disappoint! The analogy to AI is an impressively relevant and elucidating one. Thank you for creating these!
Amazing as always! Thank you!
Getting hyped for the new game, hope you can stream it when it comes out! Great video as always!
I'm still not convinced there WAS a Cambrian explosion. I tend to think there are just more fossils because harder body structures evolved.
Thats... what the Cambrian explosion was.
Hold the phone, hundred years of science - this one guy isn't convinced
@Daneki DON'T QUESTION MY RELIGION! (Seriously, don't be silly. Nothing is ever 100% proven in fields like this. Questioning narratives should ALWAYS be encouraged. Even if it sounds goofy at first. That's the heart and soul of scientific freedom.)
@@theoldman5896unless you want to make something into a religious argument when religion was never mentioned. Like why even bring it up
@@Danekiread the response above you
A great video, as usual. But glyptodonts didn’t evolve into armadillos. Glyptodonts and armadillos share a common ancestor which was small. The larger glyptodonts went extinct while the smaller armadillos remain.
This was simply incredible. Thank you for teaching us in such a detailed, yet easily understandable way.
Amazing, information dense video. Such a wealth of knowledge wrapoed up in hour an a half. Thx!
@12:29 I think your Pronghorn antelope is really a Topi antelope from East Africa.
At 12:30, the animal in the film is NOT a pronghorn antelope. And this footage, as evidenced by the tree in the background, was taken in Africa.
Also evidenced by the un-pronged horns.
ha caught that too!
yeah looked like a khudu
at time 12;40. Not a pronghorn. kind of shadows the credibility of the whole video
Ommgg this is amazing. The cancer-like cell multiplication idea was incredibly fascinating to me!!
Thank you very much for all your hard work! Your vids are excellent.
Why is anybody searching for "the one thing"???
Why should there be any one thing?
It's always a lot of things working together...
Absolutely brilliant, I would give this 1000 likes if I could, top stuff this channel ❤
This was a totally unexpected and wide ranging explaination, super awesome and interesting!
I love these channels. Thanks for the early Christmas presents friends
Music is too loud
While I understand how it is impossible to appreciate the difficulty of reaching a new realization about something once that new level has been reached (i.e. "hindsight is 20/20"), it still amazes me that evolution was not developed as a theory until the 1800s. That's so recent, in the grand scheme of things. It seems like that came so late, and that it is something that would have been better suited to emerging in the Renaissance or something. Just wild how things go in the course of history.
Im sure some of the more receptive people through history suspected something similar. Usually takes someone with a unique intellect to formalize these sorts of things.
I’m sure religion is to blame for this one
I don't think religion is entirely to blame. People selectively bred animals since much earlier so they knew exactly what was going on because they had their hands on every part of the process. The idea that it was how complex life started, or that the pigeons you meticulously breed for prettier feathered feet were once dinosaurs, is where the massive leap comes in.
@@Yankees640live
Religion is a derivative of narricissim.
@@Yankees640live
Religion is fiction.
On the verge of 500k subs, many congratulations guys.
This was a wonderful show 💯 thank you
It seems that you've incorrectly conflated Gondwana with Pannotia and Pangaea [1:00:08]. The super-continent Pannotia formed when Proto-Laurasia was added to Gondwana c. 600 Ma. However, Rodinia was 'short-lived' and came to an end 550 Ma when Laurasia drifted away: "The break-up of Pannotia was accompanied by sea level rise, dramatic changes in climate and ocean water chemistry, and rapid metazoan diversification." That is to say, the fragmentation of Rodinia provided at least some of the diversification you attribute to the Trans-Gondwanan Super Mountain. Gondwana never did make up a 'single, immense supercontinent' as it lacked both Euramerica and Siberia. Euamerica and Siberia did join Gondwana around 335 mya in a supercontinent known as Pangaea (which then began breaking up around 180 mya).
The pacing of this episode seems off compared to previous installments somehow, and way less tightly edited. Still both informative and pretty though.
❤Thank you very for this beautiful lesson and effort
It’s an early Christmas gift!! Thank you for this video 😊
12:29
That is not an image of a Pronghorn Antelope.
It's a Topi from Africa, or at least a species of Hartebeest.
tsk tsk tsk.
it's not the territory, it's the map! The stock footage is not real.
I use these vids for sleep and would honestly love them with no distracting background music. Keep up the good work!
Omg yesssssss so excited for the new video... just in time
👏👏👏 well done, the best presentation I have seen on the beginnings of life on Earth
Andrew Parker's "In The Blink of an Eye", in my opinion, answers this question definitively: Atmospheric changes>increased illumination in the oceans>evolution of eyes and vision> increased effectiveness of predation>explosion of defensive forms as an arms race. He observes that the CE was an explosion of forms, but not of phylology, i.e. did not result in new phyla, all of which already existed but in simple, similar, vulnerable forms, lacking defensive morphology. The appearance of the eye was the trigger. It's a good read!
thanks! Yes Andrew Parker's work needs to be known - it's all based on quantum diffraction gradients to evolve eyes.
Enjoyed the video. But why does the background music change every ten freakin' seconds? Very jarring and distracting.
masterpiece, your snowball earth video was what made me subscribe
That was great, you wrapped it up so well.
You don’t need to put a graphic up every time someone is mentioned. It’s annoying.
the trick is to 2x the vid and don't watch it.
The key to the Cambrian explosion might be mobility. Mobility allows to quickly find new niches, new opportunities to survive and evolve.
That very well could be it.
You're on the right track, just not in the right direction.
Thank you for the informative video about the Cambrian explosion.
Fantastic video! Thanks for your hard work!! 💜💙💚💛🧡❤💜
that ai segue was.... weird
At 12:47, you mention pronghorn, but the video shown is of an African antelope, likely a hartbeast.
More likely a urmommabeast
it's all about stock footage.
Sooooo happy to see a new video from you. I can’t wait to go to bed!
Yet another banger, you folks never disappoint! Thank you for the education *and* the entertainment! 😁
PS: channel memberships/Patreon when? I'd love to support you with more than just a view and a like!
The discussion of AI in this video felt very out-of-place, and made the whole thing feel somewhat unfocused.
The lead up and the linkage of AI was not as clear, but the intent was to show how small incremental changes (as in Darwinism) can lead to surprising emergent properties.
I don't think LLMs (large language models) are as big of a leap as they want to make you believe.
This was awesome to have on in the background for ambience!
YES FINALLY i have waited for a new video for MONTHS
Maybe removing CO2 and carbonic acid from the ocean was as significant as the rise in O2 concentration in the ocean, because it made it easier for calcium carbonate exoskeletons to form?
💯
Ive been waiting since the Carboniferous for this
Thank you for this high quality university class about the history of life.
Can't wait to watch this 10 times in the next month :D