A Discussion Of Dinitrophenol In Weight Loss
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 2 มี.ค. 2021
- @East-Bound's personal recount of case: • How My Weight Loss Jou...
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@HemeReview Podcast version: anchor.fm/chubbyemu
2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) is a chemical that is not approved for weight loss in the United States. It is a classic case of efficacy, but without safety in the setting of weight loss. This setting of weight loss can be prone to chemical misuse, further exacerbating understanding in human systems. Christopher is one of 2 - 3 cases documented in literature to have survived an accident with DNP for weight loss. As of 2021, one organization has permission from the US FDA to investigate DNP in some neurodegenerative disorders. These are rare diseases with limited standards of care, therefore extenuating circumstances to find anything that could potentially improve patient outcomes.
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References:
Role of dantrolene in dinitrophenol (DNP) : A continuing question? Am J Emerg Med. 2019 Jun;37(6):1216.e1-1216.e2. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30948...
2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP): a weight loss agent with significant acute toxicity . J Med Toxicol. 2011 Sep;7(3):205-12. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21739...
Ambient temperature and mortality from unintentional . JAMA. 1998 Jun 10;279(22):1795-800. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9628710/
Dinitrophenol as a Medicine. Cells. 2019 Mar; 8(3): 280. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...
The Interaction of Highly Active Uncouplers With Mitochondria. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 639 (1981) 225-242.
Beware the yellow slimming pill: fatal 2,4-dinitrophenol. BMJ Case Rep. 2016 Apr 4;2016. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27045...
Dantrolene is not the answer to 2,4-dinitrophenol poisoning: more heated debate. BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Dec 19;11(1):e225323. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30573...
The effect of 2,4-dinitrophenol on adipose-tissue metabolism. Biochem J. 1969 Feb;111(4):431-44. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4388239/
The mechanism of uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation by 2,4-dinitrophenol. J Biol Chem. 1967 Oct 25;242(20):4577-83. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4964808/
MECHANISMS OF DINITROPHENOL TOXICITY. Simon E.W. Biological Reviews. Vol 28. (4). Nov 1953.
Identification and Importance of Brown Adipose Tissue in Adult Humans. www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056...
Mitochondrial uncoupling as a target for drug development for the treatment of obesity. Obes Rev. 2001 Nov;2(4):255-65. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12119...
LC-MS-MS analysis of 2,4-dinitrophenol and its phase I and II metabolites. J Ana Toxicol. Jan-Feb 2007;31(1):55-61. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17389...
Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jul;87:213-8. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2176586/
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hi
Hej
What's up
Hello
hi
h
This channel is an underrated gold mine of medical information
You know about the main account right?
Noice
Infoemia, information presence in blood
@@hmm8454 the main channel has recognition
I’m not even a medical student but I love this channel!
I’m a college student, and its interesting to be able to track my learning through how well I’m able to understand Chubbyemu/ Heme review vids lol
Are you taking chem?
@@shq_main2853 Yes, I’ve taken a few chem courses. I’m a ChemE/ biopharma major so I expand on the topics each semester
👍
Same!
I am also a college student. I am majoring in Biotech.
I used to watch your videos, then youtube stopped showing them. I recently binged them again. I am super proud of you! Seriously, I saw your first weight loss, then I saw the weight loss 2nd time. And then I didn't know how you looked because I stopped. Seeing you now, it really is amazing to me that you not only lost the weight, but kept it off and look so good now. You have incredible drive and willpower to accomplish your goals, and it has honestly helped me start my own journey.
Gaining weight for the 2nd time is truly weighing me down spiritually. I hope i can find motivation to shed off this excess weight because i don't want to grow old with chronic diseases that can be prevented. I don't know how women can deal with weight gain with every child birth.
You've done it once, you can do it again! Many of us have dealt with weight regain after major weight loss. I definitely have and while it doesn't feel great, you can always turn it around.
Saw the "dihydrogen monoxide" screenshot you posted. Had to check this out xD
Same lol
I know dihydrogen monoxide from a joke picture (easily to spread on facebook!) on why its a bad chemical. From causing rust to being the waste product of a nuclear power plant.
Same here.
@@tardvandecluntproductions1278 Did you know that dihydrogen monoxide also makes-up the majority of all industrial sewage waste? Horrible, just horrible. It even causes damage to the land! It can dissolve rocks!
@@liesdamnlies3372 statistically speaking, every person who regularly took in dihydrogen monoxide dies with an unknown pattern. scary.
I liked how there was an actual interview in that video
👏🏻 HEME REVIEW 👏🏻
Hi, used dnp 10 years ago. Thought i’d drop a comment.
I spent months researching beforehand, dosed appropriately and it did what it was meant to do.
One thing that happened that i never read a single thing about, was peripheral neuropathy at the extremities. Numb feet and hands, took a couple of years to recover from it.
I wouldn’t recommend dnp, it does exactly what it’s meant to do but not without major side effects. It’s like being completely exhausted all day, everything is a chore. It’s a horrible experience.
Your experience proofs that DNP inhibits oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. Otherwise you wouldn’t acquire a neuropathy.
DNP is a truly nasty substance with long term consequences on health.
what dose did you take btw?
@@RBimas37 Don't take it.
@@jacobclement8150 stop posting
You went from Goku hair to Trunks hair.
This is the best comment lmao
I've struggled with anorexia my whole life (started at age 8), but thanks to videos like yours, and the horror stories of my late mother's dabbling with these meds- which likely contributed to her death at 38, I've set stern boundaries.
I don't want to die young, and I can't completely stop my coping habits without developing even worse ones, so I'm so thankful for people like you who teach this stuff. I can see how dangerous letting myself go would be.
I have enough health problems as it is, I'm even thinner than my doctor is comfortable with, so keeping my habits in check is so important. As much as I'd love to drop to a 16BMI, just to see if I can, your style of warning keeps me right at a healthy 19.
Thanks for sharing. I'm a recovering alcoholic but I know how deadly eating disorders can be. Information and support systems(friends, therapy, AA) have been a life saver for me. Keep up the good work Side Quest.
@@joelr877 thank you~ that means a lot. That's super amazing that you're making progress! I'm proud and happy for you!
It's embarrassing to come out and say what you've gone through, but I find that it's important, for the people with the stomach to to do it, to speak up. Because most of us with addictions can't, it can be too mortifying.
It was thanks to people like this doctor who made me realize I was in a very dangerous zone, and needed to turn around before I permanently damaged myself. I'm just lucky that I was able to control myself, and that my addiction is harmless to those around me. Having a decent support system definitely keeps me in check, otherwise I wouldn't care if I wasted away.
I’m 15.5 on the BMI.
I can never eat a lot at once. So I snack often and I eat healthy foods, but I’m still super skinny. I exercise but never really put on muscle. I seem to just get smaller. Not really sure what I’m doing wrong. My doctors have done blood test and stuff and they say everything is normal. They say I’m just skinny. So I try not to worry about it. But sometimes I can’t help but worry.
@@_Bren__ sounds to me like you have a fast metabolism. If you really want to gain weight, eat fewer meals and pack them full of carbs.
But I would listen to your doctors, some people are just healthiest at dramatic sides of the scales.
My doctor panicked when I dropped to 18, I feel my healthiest at 19. But my cousin was around 14 most of her life until she finished puberty, when her young metabolism finally slowed down and she settled into 20.
@@yeetghostrat Ok, thank you! It’s actually reassuring to hear that.
I just want more videos of you talking about biology and toxicology at a high level like this without dumbing anything down, it's so hard to find good content at a high level like this (without feeling like I am just watching more lectures)
At this point I am surprised this channel is not called chubbyemia
-emia: presence in blood
chubby: presence of chubby
_“Chubby presence in blood”_
If went from 130 kg to 90 kg in less then a year staying at home no pills or any weird magic.
Don't you mean pounds?
Hell yeah seven deadly sins
WebMD: Presenting to the emergency room with xyz tumour or diabeetus xd
@@plokijum no he means kg
@@susannachi2002
As in weight of a person? I don't think so.
I remember earlier chubbyemu videos got more into the nuts and bolts, and I really appreciate you going back to that style on heme review!
Last time I was this early, I was still alive
Thank goodness
Failures in medicine shouldn't feel bad: those are just as important as knowing/learning what works.
Thanks for posting these videos. I remember learning about DNP in graduate school cell biology but that was a long time ago. I have ALS and have read the article on DNP as a medicine and like you I want it to work but am uncertain about the proposed mechanism. It's tempting to order some and try it but I won't. I want to see Phase 2and 3 results first. Trehalose seems to hold a modicum of promise as a potential ALS therapy and is already approved to treat some neurodegenerative disorders. It's also much safer than DNP.
thank you for sharing!
@@HemeReview The hypothetical mechanism is that by uncoupling the electron transport chain, there is a reduction of free radicles, ROS, that cause tissue damage. The same hypothesis as to why a diet low in calories prolongs life. There are videos on how mitochondria work that goes over this in detail.
B1/thiamine megadose,Wahl's protocol,Keto diet,Low dose naltrexone
"Don't be a data point for this". I love Dr. Bernie's dry sense of humor.
Nobody needs this muck for weight loss. Stick to proper diet and exercise - please.
Tbh if you need an external substance like dnp or fen phen or the like to lose weight, not even trying to lose weight or changing any habit you have would be healthier
I don't say this lightly: it would have been better to starve himself than to take this substance, and starving oneself is already horrendous.
Stick to energy drinks n meth
I'm not ashamed to admit I knew what Huntington's Chorea was from House M.D.
Alright, maybe a little.
As someone who desperately wants to pursue a career as an EMT, and doesn’t feel like they’re able to retain information; your videos have always stuck in my head and push that drive everyday. I appreciate the great work man please keep it up!
you got this fam
Dr. B I love both of your channels
Hi, I'm a clinical trial work staff graduated with my pharmaceutical master degree last year and just getting my NIDA-GCP certificate. And I'm Chinese following your channel on Bilibili previously. Your video is so PROFESSIONAL and AMAZING. I've learned so much and obtained really much fun from them. Looking forward to more interesting videos on your channels and btw you are a so great doctor man XD.
I'm digging the Trunks haircut!
Dihydrogen monoxide 🤣🤣🤣
Tasty liquid. I can't live without that stuff.
Your channels should be mandatory for people when they sign up to TH-cam... kind of like how "Tom" was everyone's first "friend" on Myspace... if for no other reason as to allow users of TH-cam to know your channel exists. My mother (in her 70s) does not have a YT account, but skims through looking for interesting videos. I send her your Emu and Heme Review videos from time-to-time and she is amazed that the quality and method of how you explain certain topics are so accurate - she is retired from the medical field as a research statistician who had to write reports from specialists and surgeons as they completed case studies on patients with different problems.
What impresses her the most about your channels is how you get across in layman's terms very important information - all the professionals she had to work with were so technical in their discussions that they had no understanding on communicating at the "normal person's level", but you have that knack, that talent, and this is what she is so impressed with.
Keep up the good work... and know you are saving some people's lives simply by explaining other cases in common, understandable terminology.
May your life be blessed!
This is incredibly good. Super informative.
I used to work in the REMS department in the Specialty pharmacy of the insurance company I’m employed with. Our department primarily dealt with Multiple Myeloma patients taking the Celgene medications Revlimid, Thalomid, and Pomalyst. I would love to see your channel discuss the effects of mothers and babies during the 1960’s who were exposed to Thalidomide to relieve morning sickness. It would be interesting to learn from the perspective of a medical professional where the leap from FDA ban to possible slowing of Multiple Myeloma and Myelodysplastic Syndrome came from. What caused doctors to research Celgene drugs as a means of treatment for these conditions when Thalidomide itself was marketed as a reliever of morning sickness? I love your channels! Keep up the excellent work!
This is incredible. You are the OG of free access to information. And I love having both channels, one to get an overview and the story arc and the other from which to really learn. Thank you.
A chubbyemu video where the patient took not 5 gallons of the stuff, but simply 1 pill over the "normal dose", you know it's OP.
OP signifiying imbalance, thus not the Emu way.
Keep up the great work, I always love watching the main channel video and then coming over here for a deeper dive into the mechanisms.
The dude was lucky, he slept a little long enough to make the second dose not lethal. If he'd woken up earlier and taken the second dose earlier, he'd be dead.
You sir don't understand how DNP works.
"CE" adamantly admits that he was extremely lucky in a lot of ways in the interview. Everything down to the fact that he opted to shower instead of going to his room wound up saving his life.
The dude was an idiot. People like that are the reason why peds have a bad name don’t get me wrong glad he’s okay but you listen to his video you know he was desperate. You can die from countless of drugs by overdosing.
@@godlikebeast5038 The difference is most drugs won’t kill you if you took a second dose by accident.
@@Razor9638 nah thats pretty much exactly how dnp works, it stays in your system for about 36 hours. so, if you take 2 doses of 200mg at once, you have 400 mg in your system. since he took a nap of somewhere around 4 hours, it possibly was only around 370mg, and looking at how close he was to dying even with that dosage, even a tiny bit more due to less time between the doses wouldve killed him
Nice dude. Great stuff. I always look forward to seeing a heme review upload!
"all natural = healthy" snake venom, manchineel tree, spider venom. poison ivy , deadly nightshade, castor bean, Oleander.
A few that come to mind for me to add: alcohol, flesh eating bacteria, botulinum toxin, ect.
the deadly and addictive drugs literally from plants:
All natural polonium
I just found this channel on my feed, been binge watching since. Great stuff!
This was amazing! Never found anything as much in depth about dnp! Thank you man! Very informative!
Fascinating video. The most comprehensive summary of information about DNP that I've seen anywhere. Bravo.
i feel so big brain watching heme review with my high school understanding of acids n bases
So far, I love all of the videos by Chubbyemu. I haven’t watched in a while, then Heme Review popped up in my feed. Now there’s more fascinating videos by this doctor to watch. Thank you for posting.
It's a long time ago now but I used cyanide, DNP etc at university on a rat liver mitochondria. DNP was used as an uncoupling agent and it was explained to us that it makes the mitochondrial inner membrane permeable to protons. So chemiosmosis cannot produce a proton gradient and hence the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation with ATP synthesis.
most of the medical terms and chemical processes not broken down or explained get over my head as a person with no medical studies, but the idea is put together so well that I still manage to learn a ton from these kinds of videos, as someone struggling with weight loss for a long time is really good to have this information out in the sea of misinformation that is the internet.
An intriguing discussion, well worth a revisit. Thx so much, Dr Bernard!💖
Thanks for another great video. I like that you posted a correction to your previous video regarding the direction of the protons to/from the intermembrane space. Great science. Great presentation. Great hair. 👍🏾😁
Awesome channel(s). Thank you for sharing your knowledge with us!
Absolutely brilliant, Dr Bernard!
-Emia means presence in blood!💖
I'm so happy every time a new video pops up.
You have many good traits, Dr Bernard. Among other things, I value you for your passion for what is right.💖
absolutely EXCELLENT explanations. Job well Done
Please do a Collab with More plates more dates, would be a brilliantly unusual Collab. He's done just about every compound he can get his hands on, would be so interesting and amusing to see the two of you converse on the topics of weightlifting, diet and pharmacology!
Great video. I wish more channels were as educational as this one.
I love watching this guy. I could binge his content all night long.
This is a good place for a retired physician to gather new information outside of her speciality: psychiatry.
I never heard of this drug before this review, but then there is much in this universe idk.
I will keep coming here because of how factual this doctor is.
Very informative - enjoying the long form content
For those who don't know, dihydrogen monoxide is just water
Thank you I was wondering lol
Oxygen dihydride. It is an effective energy storage substance. Can be used in transport systems.
Hydric acid falls from the sky when it rains
And Mitochondria is The Powerhouse of The cell
@@anotherperson9646 water is not an acid
(not really at least)
Dude these videos are amazing and inspiring
I completely agree with your conclusions and prescription to stay away from DNP, for all the same reasons as you outlined here. One thing that has struck me in my prior reading about DNP deaths is how they are almost always due to accidental overdose. Now, the "therapeutic index" (if you can call it that) of DNP is terrible, so it's easy for a simple dosing mistake to send you to the morgue. But--under physician supervision and administration, do you think there could ever be a medical role for DNP in weight loss?
I’d still agree with not using it for weight loss or in general because like he said 1 dose is fine 2 doses is deadly even if it was Ingested under medical supervision
likely not. the risk is high and the liability could likely put heavy burden on the institution that would employ the prescriber. follow ups would be too frequent and maybe not worth that cost in time and personnel
@@HemeReview Thanks!
i love you hemereview and i hope you have a good day
A great video. I was searching for info to deter people I know from trying it.
Just theoretically with our current model for how the increased Glu CNV polymorphism of Huntingtin inhibits electron transport in the ETC it’s hard to imagine DNP doing anything to treat that. Especially if it’s just working to disrupt the hydrogen ion gradient. Sounds like it would just agonize the activity of mutant huntingtin and increase the amount of ROS. Because the ATP synthase can’t synthesize enough ATP to inhibit other metabolic rate limiting enzymes
I 100% agree and completely understand everything said
@Hemlock Cocktail yes that’s my bad it should be glutamine
This paradox may be explained by associated mechanisms that may be activated on DNP intake. Yes, in theory mitochondrial dysfunction is worsened by DNP but at the same time such associated mechanisms as hyperventilation, tachycardia and hypertension may help to compensate the lack of metabolic function in those patients, at least to some degree.
I would guess that the very same effect can be achieved with succinic acid without the dangers of DNP.
Danm I am learning a lot from heme review and chubbyemu
"I didn't really want to incur that financial cost of an ambulance ride". MURICA!
I checked my books and google multiple times coz I didn't understand why the H+ went from matrix to intermembrane space😂I was so confused and glad to see it's fixed
I've read a lot of studies on this but I never seen that one from 1934. It[s interesting that the also were discussing other forms such as DOC and DAN. In modern days it seems like only DNP is used or talked about. I think the body building "guru" that brought back DNP use is man named Dan Duchaine. He liked to bring back old meds that never got approved or got discontinued. Several guys have brought back chemicals and drugs that are no longer made or researched then they sell them themselves.
Would you consider doing a video on your experience of the trail that you conducted that did not work out?
I wouldn't be able to talk details due to CDA from sponsor
@@HemeReview Understood. Thanks for the reply!
Your videos made me fall in love with medicine. Just wanted to share something positive.
Ionophores go brrrrrrr
I live near where Bethany Shipsey died in hospital after overdosing on DNP... I remember for a few weeks in 2017 it was all over the local news. It sounded like it would be a horrible thing to experience.
Yay a video to watch when I definitely should be sleeping
Thanks! A million thanks!
Very interesting discussion on the pKa of DNP. I am thinking if DNP exists in small % as protonated at neutral pH, the proton motive force can still drive it effectively as an ionophore. The major contributor tends to be the charge rather than pH in PMF. On the other hand, it's very interesting you mentioned the unfavorable pKa, maybe it has other mechanisms
love the patient interview here.
Very interesting knowledge thanks doctor
NEED. MORE. CONTENT.
God i luv ur misinformation battle attitude! Way ro state the facts and explain them!
Yay more uploads 🥰
Bruhhhh, I got an ad for weight loss pills
thanks for this knowledge
Wish you taught my college chem courses
Chug explosives...what could go wrong?!
Kaboom?
Underrated as hell
Possible theraputic use of DNP:
I lived in Minnesota for 4 years during undergrad. Temperatures in the winter often dropped to -30 C and rarely rose above -10 C. I never knew any of my fellow students that froze to death, but I heard about people on the news freezing to death all the time. If you found yourself stranded in bitter cold and took DNP, could you increase your odds of survival?
Yes. Some say that the russians did this in the 20th century
@@R4ulBR yeah i think it was definitely used by the Russians at some point. it just seems like the perfect chemical for increasing body temp at a low dose
Chubbyemu is the TH-cam god of medical cases!
VERY VERY GOOD INFO!
1:58 "You can possibly die if you take a second dose by accident? I don't know about you, but i think i'm good"
Me, who could die if i accidentally take a second dose of insulin: 👁️👄👁️
At least you can go to a corner shop or a vending machine and get some sugar. With DNP you just have to strap in for a rollercoaster
@@warbler1984 True, but it really does depend on the amount you take i guess lol. If I double-dosed for a carb heavy meal I'd have to eat the equivalent of the entire meal again. And if I still hadn't realised that I'd double-dosed, and was treating it like normal low blood sugar, that would definitely take a long time and could be pretty bad.
In saying that, I was diagnosed around 16 years ago, so I guess I've had plenty of practice to avoid doing this lmao.
@Tineke Knol haha relatable. I was injecting both my long aching and short acting insulin at the same time and I absent-mindedly injected my basal dose amount, but used my bolus insulin pen by accident. So I injected 15 x the dose of fast acting insulin I should have given myself, went straight to emergency. So embarrassing.
The difference is that you need one to live and the other is a supplement that can easily kill you. Any questions?
@@aprila8762 Yikes! that sucks. Glad you caught it though omg
2, 4, 6 trinitrophenol is a very strong explosive, it is commonly known as picric acid. It is very toxic as well. The dinitro version would not only be toxic, but would also be very carcinogenic as well. 😮
Loving the hair!
Moral of the story: Losing weight WILL be *uncomfortable* one way or another...
Interesting 🧐 take love this type of content
Is this your new channel? Either way new sub
Watching this on 2024. Been doing DNP on and off since 2014. AMA
Regarding the mechanism of DNP as a proton ionophore, I think is is possible to consider from the equilibrium aspect. Although pka of DNP is much smaller than background pka, the pka difference across the membrane means that transporting DNP into the membrane is thermodynamically favorable. Similarly, the reverse reaction is inhibited because it is difficult to transport proton back into a more acidic environment. Therefore, the reaction is constantly pushed forward.
Future Bernard
Actually such a big, liphophillic, self-stabilizing anion can be dissolved in oil if there's enough cation with it, because destabilization of ionic species in hydrophobic solvent is due to the fact that water is perfect for stabilizing those ionic compounds, making them even more acidic than they would be in a vacuum. DNP molecule can stabilize its own charge with its nitro group, and there's proton concentration gradient, so some of them might diffuse through the thin lipid layer, transporting some proton through the membrane. Won't affect too much though.
Hi Dr. Bernie, are you familiar with MPTP, a prodrug of the neurotoxin MPP+ that causes Parkinson's symptoms. Not sure if you know the 1976 Maryland chemistry grad student who developed Parkinsons symptoms after synthesizing MPPP (with MPTP as an impurity), an opioid that was discontinued.
Also anything about prion related diseases would be interesting given lack of treatment options.
Thank you for your vids
Yeah, this is a truely interesting story. A chemistry student who just wanted to make drugs, accidentally provided humanity a very useful chemical to model and study Parkinson's disease.
FYI: A phase IIII clinical trial for time-released DNP, using a very low dose, one that apparently does not cause weight loss, to treat non-alcoholic liver disease is likely to be started within the next two years.
The aspirin bottle expired on 4/20. Seriously this channel is great 👍
This was just the kick in the pants I needed to go back and revise my biochem
CE was presenting to ER with DNP in The Powerhouse Of The Cell.
Is this the same mechanism brown adipose tissue works? Uncoupling protein 1 / Thermogenin
My only issue with his case is he took it for a year and a half, that does point to an addictive or disturbed personality and most persons who take it for fat loss in bodybuilding are on a 90 day or shorter protocol.
He took it for longer than a year? Wtf
Do a video on the difference between generic and brand