Static Electricity Demonstrations Part one Induction // Homemade Science with Bruce Yeany
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 17 พ.ค. 2024
- Part One: Several examples of static electricity are shown in this first part with a concentration on explaining the basis of inducing a static change on insulators verses conductors.
Note on the falling powder demonstration: This was something that I discovered as I was in the middle of making the video. I was quite surprised to see the powders spread out as I was expecting to see it all being attracted to the charges. I would love to hear explanations as to why this is happening.
Part two will be posted next week
Part two will give more examples of static electricity demonstrations and will examine the difference between induction versus conduction.
your demonstrations of the science are always incredible and fun. thank you for all the effort you put in for us.
Glad you like them, thanks.
Bruce Yeany absolutely. your awesome for sharing so much. thanks my friend.
Does an explosion count for a result of static or is that just failure
Because I did static with the same material and I exploded my can
The phenomenon of "STATIC INDUCTION" explains all my relationships just fine.
Bruce, just a hypothesis. If the sand particles rub against each other as they fall, especially when falling through the nozzle, charges will be transferred and some will become positively charged, others negatively charged so in the presence of the charged strip, some of the sand grains will be attracted and others repelled. Perhaps you could collect the falling sand in a metal container attached to an electroscope and determine its charge. Make the metal container small enough and you could collect attracted sand or repelled sand.
My thinking is based on the knowledge that sprayed water generates static charges. In the 1960s a number of very large oil tankers exploded whilst their tanks were being cleaned by high pressure sprayed water. Research showed it was a result of static discharge (as in lightning) caused by charges generated in the sprayed water.
A variation of lord kelvin thunderstorm, but with sand. One hole through which sand falls with two insulated wire rings directly below but side by side. With each ring connected to a metalic bucket below the other ring.
If sand particles rubbing against each other displaces electrons to some by stealing from others, then they will fall into a bucket creating an imbalance that charges the insulated wire rings one way or the other. The newly charged rings will now attract opposing charges and repell like charged sand particles for the bucket directly below to collect. And charge the opposing ring.
Very cool demonstration. I enjoy your videos a lot. Keep it up!
Another excellent video, Bruce!
Thank you :)
This is the kind of teacher I like at school really fun watching him demonstrate science!
same
Thank you! I'm teaching induction and don't have the supplies to do this in my class so I will do the next best thing and show this to my class.
The attraction occurs because the presence of either charged strip produces a polarization In the particles. This polarization then demonstrates the interaction/attraction. This is why you observe the attraction. Repulsion can only occur if the particles are charged, so we can assume that most of them are neutral. The water and comb trick is an excellent example of this as well. Love your ideas and videos Bruce. I’ve been a fan for years and I owe many of my lab activities to things you’ve shared to your community of science educators and enthusiasts alike.
I love your explanations and I feel like this video really helped me
Thanks a lot sir for your precious demonstration I recommend my students to watch your video for practical knowledge , Sir your efforts are great.
Come on people give this man a thumbs up every video.
This actually helps alot and I low key got 25/25 in My exam like i just watched the video i didnt touch the book thanks
You are AMAZING! Thank you a lot.
if you did the aluminum can one but make it like a horse and carriage so that the pvc pipe is indirectly attached to the can and the can has a axel through it. will the can still follow the pipe?
As for why the sand spreads both ways, I hypothesize that some of the sand particles are negatively charged while some are positively charged. If an individual particle is positively charged, it will repel from the positively charged object and attract to the negatively charged object. Vice versa with the negatively charged particles.
I have no clue if this is correct or not, but I would imagine a simple test verify this. Using the stream of stand, bring a positively charged item next to the stream and collect the bits of sands that fall away from it. Using the collected sand, repeat the process with both a positive and negatively charged object. If the collected sand particles repel from the positively charged object and are attracted to the negatively charged object, then my hypothesis may be correct.
What make glass and PVC pipe have different charges? Or is it what u rub it with?
Nothing happened when I rubbed a recyclable bottle with hair, or wool, is it only gathering positive ions or being neutral no matter what?
What did you rub the tub with to make the can move
How about lighting a LED with the flow of electrons during inductive charging and during inductive discharging?
Sir I have a small doubt
If I place a metal on the static electric conducting material
Is it make electric shock when touch that metal
Thank you, Bruce Yeany! If the sand is spreading like a fan, is it because the charge on the strip is pushing like charges in the sand away and drawing opposite
charges in the sand to itself. This would suggest that we can a.) collect the two streams of sand in separate containers b.) pure the two streams of sand near
one another and c.) these two streams of opposite charge should be attracted to each other and form one stream of sand.
Awesome video man
If we were taught like this in our schools then it would have been so interesting.
I never saw a demo with sand and static charge before, Bruce. Cool! Sometimes static attraction is a problem with the foam gliders and deflecting boards--particularly in the winter when the air is dry. Wiping the board with a damp cloth usually takes care of it, but that got me wondering about the science behind the anti-static sheets that people put in the clothes dryer. Such as: do they remove charge or do they prevent it from forming in the first place?
Hi Slater, the falling sand results were totally unexpected. It was something that I put together as I making the video. I had expected the sand to to attracted to the charges just like a stream of water but was surprised when they spread out, not sure why. Offhand, I'm not sure of the chemistry behind the anti-static products but that might be fun to explore next year when we tackle this unit of study.
I think maybe the asymmetry in the salt nucleus allows more of the particles to move towards to the charged object than away from it. Perhaps there is variability in the clumps of compounds where some particles are less ubiquitously distributed and more orderly.
Ah yes, the force is strong with this one
he used the force
How far will the static electricity from plastic start to tske effect? I'm using a full plastic table and my pc is near but not on the plastic table. Will the static electricity from the plastic table damage my pc components?
Is it because the particles that are attracted to one charge are repelled by the other charge and vice versa?
Excelent!!!
I like the demonstration with the 2x4 and the pvc pipe. I may have to "steal" that. I've never thought of using a can either. So simple. The sand is great too - a good upside down model of an electrostatic precipitator. I usually use a thin stream of water to show polarisation and deflection.Thank you for sharing.
Hi Andy, glad they can help, I have some more good ones in part two and then will tackle the steam of water in a future one. I was surprised by the flowing particle streams. It was something I tried in the middle of making the video and I expected the particles to be attracted to a charge somewhat like the flow of water, didn't expect to see half of it repelled at the same time.
I wonder if there is some polarisation of the charge as it comes out of the nozzle. It's hard to tell from the video but there seems to be a greater separation of the sand particles than might be expected just from the fall. I think there is some sand building up on the outside of the nozzle which suggests a separation of charge. The charged rods/pipes you are introducing at the side are attracting some charges but repelling others. I wonder if the container the sand is stored in might make a difference?
Bruce, I was wondering could this be used to bend an air stream towards a wind turbine? Could it be used to tailor the airflow over an airfoil like a airplane wing?
A man named Jacque Fresco designed an anti icing system for airplane wings that used this
I think the sand generates a lot of friction between the different grains causing individual greens to become charged negatively or positively so the Stream falling out the bottom of the bottle it’s both positively and negatively charged and can react to both simultaneously. Also most substances have differential throughout there volume. Salt and sugar is no different and when it transitions from Stationæry to freefallThose differently charged particles are free to separate.
Is it possible that the sand, as a whole, is neutral, but that in actuality each of the particles is distributed on a scale of what its charge actually is. Thus, when you place a static charge near them, some attract, some are relatively neutral and some repel.
I wonder if you could set up some type of sorting rig that would allow the sand particles to fall into a grid that would sort the particles into (generally) like charges.
since the sand behaves this way even when laying on the table (some attract and some repel) it leads me to believe that it's not only the falling through the funnel that charges them.
Hi! Great video that inspired some question, if I may:
1. Why, when the balloon touches your hair, is there a transfer of charges, but If it touches the wall there is no transfer?
Is it because wood is in the middle of the series and doesn't really accept or give up charges?
2. How do you discharge (neutralize?) the objects and use the energy? Do you use copper wire from the pvc pipe to a capacitor terminal? What about the opposite terminal, does that get connected to the opposite object?
3. Could you charge a capacitor with a pvc pipe and silk? Could you fill it to maximum with one pipe and repeated applications or would some sort of series/parallel setup be needed to overcome voltage issues?
Thanks for all your wonderful videos and sharing these awesome demonstrations!
1) Friction between two different insulating materials strips some outer electrons off one surface depositing it on the other. Generally the more you rub them the more electrons get stripped untill they start stripping electrons from the air. Whereas ballon induction with simply once touching the wall may still see a few electrons transferred from a few spots where they get really close but overall, very little electrons are transferred leaving either a bulk abundance or lack of electrons.
The other two I'll sugest you google the terms for a full answer.
2) Induction machines like say the whimshurst use electrostatic induction between conductive plates.
3) you may want to look up electrophorus.
sugar have positive oxidize number ?
My take. Aligned particles that are polarized all in the same direction attract each other with a force that is inversely proportional to the fourth power of their distance (dipole-dipole interaction). All the particles within the stream are very close one another, so this force is stronger than that generated by the strip, even though this would decay with the third power (charge-dipole interaction). These forces within the stream push the falling particles that were initially closer to the strip towards the particles that were farther apart from it and viceversa. This would also cause many collisions within the stream. The result is that the stream to diverges - asymmetrically. Symmetrical spread can be achieved with the two strips of opposite charge placed on opposite sides of the stream as you showed. A different, more obvious, symmetrical spread can be achieved with two identically charged strips.
Is this making any sense to you?
Answer to the question of why the streaming particles spread out
The given is the presence of a strong static field - a monopole.
Another given is that the particles are not a fluid electro-static fluid - they are electro-static islands in an insulating medium of air.
If the particles were to equally polarize in the field (on-off only,) some other behavior might result.
But because the field strength varies with the square of the distance (or could vary more or less, but vary) - the individual particles are both attracted to the charge source (the object) and repel each other, also in proportion to the distance. Without doing the full math, there are two components to the charge, one attracting to the source and one repelling to the particles and mass-particles. The net charge (the sum of the equation for each particle) varies, creating a deflection force that varies by particle distance to the charge source object. The visual effect is the real-time sum of all equations, which could be shown as a several-factor time-integration formula. I won't do this. ☺
In addition, a similar but simplified effect can be seen in the visual behavior of the hair and the balloon.
If you made a motor that had PVC for coils and a can as a core and the coils were positioned 30 degrees relative to the core would it make the can spin this question has been in my head for quite sometime you seem like the right person to ask
Why plastic rod /hair / balloons/cloth are not changing property even it losses or gain electrons? After changes to ions, why property not changing?
good teacher. don't break bad.
Bruce usually does Physics. I am guessing that is his science. So what will he be "break bad" with ... Nukes?
Wait, I don't understand how the electrons on the wall are repelled by the presence of the negatively charged balloon. The electrons on the wall aren't delocalised right? I thought only conductors are able to exhibit this behaviour
Excellent show of classic electrostatic experiments. You asked why the sand particles spread out with either charge polarity. When the initially neutral sand particles fall thru an electric field, the individual particles by induction each acquire the same polarity charge. Thus the particles will tend to repel each other and tend to spread out. The same action occurs regardless of the polarity of the inducers used. Looking at 10.08 minute, it can easily be seen that the particles even after leaving the exit of the inducers are still spreading out (even against the tug of gravity), clearly showing that the repulsion of each particle is very significant regardless of inducer polarity at the start. A somewhat similar effect can be seen with a Kelvin water drop electrostatic generator. There, if the falling water is a steady stream the machine will not run. But if the water is broken into droplets it does run. As the voltage rises you can see the "spreading" of the droplets just like in your experiment here.
The falling powder demonstration was a spur of the moment idea and was made up while in the middle of making the video. I was quite surprised by the results. I figured that the particles would be charged through induction the same as on the table. I thought that since the induced charge on the sand would all be the oriented same way, then all the particles would be attracted to the charged strip, didn't account for the particles pushing against each other. I noticed that the particles spread out slightly before any introduced external charge but accounted for that by jostling of the particles as they are falling, I didn't attribute it to electrical charges on them. When I posted it, I really didn't have time to work through the results. Currently, I'm trying several variations on the bending of water streams and the results give me more questions about possible explanations than I have answers, it should be an interesting video and I look forward to seeing comments on it.
Excited to learn what you find in your investigations. Much of my lab equipment was lost due to a barn fire caused by a giant "electrostatic spark" known as lightning. As I slowly rebuild I am very dependent on others research experiments such as your self for a while. Thanks for sharing. I did manage to save my 1940's capacitive vane type lab quality electrometer.
@@YeanyScience I think the spreading out of the particles is a purely mechanical effect. Like water draining, the stream acquires a vorticity. The particles are inductively attracted to the charged object, acquiring by Newton's Law a radial acceleration away from the stream. However, by the time they have moved an appreciable distance radially, they have also moved tangentially and as such may end up traveling both towards and away from the charged object. - Les Virany Hunter College
When i start rubbering a material with a izolant. The izolant take electrons, and the material become pozitive charges.
*But how i can get the material neutraly charge? How i can take the pozitive charges??*
Just place it on ground and it will gain electrons from earth and will become neutral
Hi Bruce - great video . Is there a way to contact you? Have a few questions. Cheers
bgoknee@comcast.net
One material is Fur used to charge glass rod and pvc pipe..plz tell the name of 2nd material ?
another possible material would be wool
I UNDERSTAND!!!! :)
Does he say 'rub it with wollen'? is it definitely just wool, or some special material? it sounds like 'wool-on' or orlon
it wasn't very clear, I was saying rub the glass with Orlon
This can makes me do life hack to move subjects
If i wanna power my house with static, how is that possible.
but WHY does your hair give off electrons when you rubbed the balloon on your hair?? Whyyyyy do the electrons transfer in that example, and lets say, when you go down a plastic slide?
Gracias.
How can we generate positive and negative charge? What cloth and/or material is used to generate each type of charge?
The charges aren't generated, just separated. In these specific instances, protons don't move and it's just the absence and presence of electrons creating the respective attraction and repulsion. When you hold a negatively charged piece of PVC pipe close to a soda can, the negative charges move away and the protons push towards the PVC pipe, as shown in the video.
If you want to take a look at what specific materials attain what charge when rubbed together, search up a triboelectric series chart. The further away two materials are on the list, the larger amounts of electricity you're going to get, and it'll tell you what gets charged to what. Its relatively easy to navigate.
how do u know if is positive charge or negative in majority?.
The materials I used are listed on the triboelectric series, I posted a video on that a few weeks ago
Watching sand spread toward and away from a charged surface made me hope that youd collect the seperated charged grains of sand in different buckets.
it logical for the sand to spread out as a charge is brought near it that's because for example if +ve charge is used it polarizes the sand making one side ( next to the +ve charge) -ve and the other end positive so the positive charges repel and the opposite charges attract making it spread in different directions.
Sir please solve my doubt sir- which is how the insulator losses and gains the electrons when it is tightly bonded with the nucleus to become charge
Bro you got answer?
Hello Sir, @ 4:52 ,,,, why do you have to rub the PVC pipe again,,, since there is no transfer of charges..?
Hello Rohankurmar, Good question. It is summer time and more humid than I would like, with a lot amount moisture in the air, the pieces lose their charges much quicker to the air in the room . I did have a dehumidifier running in the room which helped.
Bruce Yeany ... thank you
Question: How do you know the PVC and glass charges?
He looks up the combination of materials in the triboelectric series. Some materials are known to have a bias for gaining electrons, other materials are known for having a bias to gain electrons.
If the cloth doesn't work, try a scrubbing pad of scotch brite
Sir every time I get outta the car I get a shock, I’ve tried a lot of stuff touching the body while getting out, let my foot touch the ground first, other things also, can you please help.?
Ranjit There's a guy on TH-cam who made a static discharge device with a resistor (it's very small) just look up 'static discharge tool' or (something like that).
Do you have any demonstration video about there statement"If you rub glass with silk,silk and glass will attract reach other"?By the way, thanks for this great video.
Just a guess, and I could be totally wrong. The small particles have so much surface area that even though they aren't good conductors, they are giving off or taking on electrons through the air, becoming similarly charged. So they are attracted to the source of the charge but repelled from one another.
what material did you used to charge the glass rod ?
As for the electrical discharge, when the body rubs with the carpet, it loses electrons, and when the body touches any metal surface close to it, such as a door handle, for example (the bonding forces of electrons are weak) the electrons will move from the metal surface of the human body to compensate for the lack of electrons in it. The question is why does a positive charge not appear on the surface A metal that has lost its electrons
all effects are on a big scale. That large PVC pipe and using a whole glass jar instead a mere glass rod helped in making a large amount of charge
thanks you to
Static scares me
how to know which one is positively charged and negative?
I have other videos on youtube about static electricity and discuss the triboelectric series, it will determine which type of materials at better at gaining or losing electrons
There was a lady in liquor production
she stills of exquisite construction
the alcohol she did boil
with magnetic coils
she said "that's proof by induction!"
I am going to guess that the falling sand by itself isn't charged -- not much anyway. You can test this by using a neutral rod. If that doesn't have any effect on the falling sand, then there is no charge in the sand. If this is the case, then my explanation for the spreading of the sand stream is that tiny clusters of multiple sand particles that are inductively charged get randomly split due to collision, and the "daughter" clusters are afterwards oppositely charged. Which then move to the opposite sides of the stream.
@5:48 "Witch! Witch!!" - Dark Ages probably, lol.
The sand is made of particles of different minerals, some more positive or more negative. That's why some particles of sand are attracted to the static rod and others are repelled.
Seems reasonable...
So however big the wall, it's particles will become polarised no matter how big or small the charged balloon.
please explain to me bruce about the wood
Hello WIlson, the wood is an insulator, it behaves in the same way as the wall does when the balloon is stuck to it.
so ,what is realy electricty?
but is it always obvious that glassy objects have positive charge??
wood in static how is that possible
but prufs teory of gravity as a wave
👌👌👌🙏🙏🙏
Even after being rubbed with the balloon your hair is as neutral as the wall. And that because the hair is far to be a perfect insulator and the charge is spread into whole body and then down to the Earth. You can easily verify that: if it would charged it would be attracted by a neutral metal body, as the balloon is.
That 8ft 2-by-4 is now priced at 1000 dollars.
I think this happens because of polarization! Thanks Doc!
Earth's surface is negatively charged. 🤔
You say that the action of rubbing the balloon on your head "takes electrons from you" - why? What about the rubbing makes you give up electrons?
Friction gets the electrons excited, holding more energy. This causes them to move farther away from the nucleus and easier to leave their place and into a material whose orbit will accept them. THAT material will now be more negatively charged, attracting the vacated positively charged material.
Hey that Coke can sounded like Cylon!
My pvc pipe is not getting charged
Maybe a Lord Kelvin Sand Dropper would be in order.
LOL, I just tried it and couldn't get it to work,
HI Resonanttheme, thanks for the additional information, I think I'm going to give this some more tries. I have a Lord Kevin water drop experiment that I've had for years and years but haven't gotten around to doing a video on it yet. It is on my list of items I want to get to, but it would be great if I could make some variations to it.
That's the spirit. Thinking of that "copper filings falling from a copper funnel" I happened to see some large bottles/jars of both copper and zinc plated steel BBs at an Academy sporting goods store that seemed like something funny to play with in the handy 6000 shot packs.
There're many sources of metallic grains to be sure, BBs just struck me as something quirky for some future use. Anyway I suspect that there are intriguing variations on a theme one could come up with these Lord Kelvin's realms. If only you could make a heavier than air machine out of one. ha
www.nasa.gov/audience/formedia/speeches/fg_kitty_hawk_12.17.03.html
🤓 I’ve spent my entire life studying and unlocking the secrets of electrostatic. You missed or overlooked some key elements about why both positive and negative fields can act the same. Just know that fields can change the other field to become the same field. This causes mode of attraction to suddenly repel.
More so, both gravity and electrostatic have one thing in common. What would that be? 🤔
And an electrostatic field can do something that gravity cannot. What would that be?🤔
Do you know the answer to both questions? If so, tag me below with your answer please.
I’ll come back a give you my answer once there are at least three valid attempts to answer my two questions.
Actually the answer is so simple that you most likely will kick yourself in the ass if you don’t know the answer off the top of your head.
The reason I am asking this question is because the implications of what the answer is, implies new possibilities, and a greater understanding the electric world that engulfs us, and beyond the stars.
The day gravity is understood, that the formula for gravity will be so simple, it will account for why the answer has been overlooked for so long. - Albert Einstein
The same goes for my two questions. For they unlock the answer to an age old question since man first questioned the natural laws of nature.
Both gravity and electrostatic have one thing in common. What would that be? 🤔
In short, their equations of attractive force are analogous for distance. Attraction between 2 masses gets exponentially stronger as the distance between them diminishes. Likewise for the attraction between opposite charges.
And an electrostatic field can do something that gravity cannot. What would that be?🤔
It can pass through massive objects? ...Potentially unaffected if the massive object is non-ferrous.
The magnitude of electrostatic force depends on the distance between the bodies.
Electrostatic field can attract as well as repel. Gravity does not repel
conclusion
🙏🏼🇧🇷🌱👍
Subatomic tetra vertices conduction siphonic radiation.inductive amplitude vortex resonating piezoelectric toroidal field diode conducive fission .Space photo electric metamorphoses phase shift refractive fusion flux capacitance branch 10:35 chains
oh my! I'm puzzled over the sand behaviour, so weird! and you give no explanation to it?
what are you trying, make people think? are you crazy!? ;)
Sand might charge while falling down by rubbing grains with each others, as sand usually are different kinds of materials, they might have different triboelectric values, then some get positively charged some negatively charged, then grains can be attracted or repelled by a charge... if by doing so, you separate different types of grains I think they should be somehow different...
Also the confetti, seems some pieces are attracted, and instead of sticking to the insulator, they jump right off, as if they have taken more charge than the one needed to be neutral, then they are repelled...
Hello Sordnay, I made up this demonstration as I was making the video and the results were not what I expected. It happens with all three materials, sand, salt and suger. Unlike the paper pieces, the sand being repelled never comes in contact with the strips. I didn't have an explanation that I was satisfied with so I'm hoping someone else could help me out here.
4:04 is wtf
he is obviously using the force
wow nice video sir !!
do you remember me the TH-cam new channel guy ??
I have 78 subs now !!!
HI Payag, Great to hear you are making progress and I'm sure you'll get more, it takes time but keep at it and you'll keep growing.
+Bruce Yeany (Yeany Science)
sir I comment on many big youtubers but you are the only one who have time for their subscribers to reply thank you so much !!
that's a problem with getting too big, I like to see what people's comments are and can do so as a smaller channel
+Bruce Yeany (Yeany Science) thank you for getting time .. a question how much time it took for you to reach 100 and 1000 subs ??
wtf it's wood how is that possible
That is a very moiré shirt
I always understood electromagnetism as a relative thing..... it was never a question of "but the other one is neutral", there is only "a is greater than b"
Professors should be sharing youtube links instead of explaining it themselves. It's more effective...
Wait, did you really ask why it works with both positive and negative charge? You explained that like 5 times right before asking... Didn't you?