So good. I was making videos back in 2011 as well when videos on the Internet weren't what they are today. This information is timeless though, and you've really done the world a great service sharing your knowledge all these years. Keep it up!
So wonderful that I have found this vlog. What a great description of grafting. Practical, and knowledgable. Love it. Can't wait to graft one of my favourites on to a new stock, failures or not!
Thanks for all your very interesting videos. I've had good success using some of your techniques. My climate is a little tougher than yours, our scions need to be very hardy. Winter temps here in northern Minnesota are -40 to -50 F. I have found that a good product to use for wax is a toilet wax ring, used between the base of a toilet and the plumbing flange. The wax is fairly soft right out of the box and easy to use. It is also very inexpensive.
Thanks. The different grafts are mainly about relative diameters of stock and scion. Cleft is very good when you have stock of 12-15mm diameter and scion of 3-4mm, you can't successfully saddle graft those diameters. you're right about wax, DO NOT get it between live surfaces or it WILL prevent union. The only tools I use are what you see here. Some specialist tools are illustrated in The Grafter's Handbook by R J Garner, but I've never seen them for sale anywhere and I do OK without
Do you see significant advantages to using a saddle graft vs a single cleft graft on small wood with the same diameter? I will be grafting over some stooled rootstocks this spring. After doing some practice grafts I found a saddle graft was more difficult to accomplish in a single cut without having to adjust for better cambium alignment. P.S. Every rind graft I did last year took thanks to your videos. 100% success! Thank you.
According to The Fruit Garden Displayed (highly recommended out of print book) peaches, nectarines and apricots are grafted on to St Julien A, which is the standard stock used to graft plums. I have not tried it. I did successfully propagate plums one by chip budding in July. I believe that grafting stone fruits is a bit more difficult that apples and pears, but obviously it can be done.
Hi Jan. I bought some leather and tools and made it myself. Lots of leather working vids on YT but nothing tricky. If you don't want to go that far, much can be done with some scrap leather or suede and a suitable punch plus strong thread. Basically its several holsters on a belt.
"I believe you can graft any citrus to any citrus, but I've never done it. .."... Just to confirm that is indeed the case, and we have had great success using grapefruit seedlings as root stock for scions from lemon, mandarin, and kumquat. If anything citrus grafting is easier than with apples.
Great thanks. When you are doing a rind graft can I cut a long wedge out of the existing branch? or do I have to 'commit' completely to the process and cut it off completely? thanks for all you share and the manner in which you do so! it makes it feel achievable. Many thanks and God bless.
Your mention of R.J. Garner Grafting book you might mention it Has a CD included. Just thought I'd mention that. I do really like your videos Stephen "Really" informative.
I am a registered medical doctor, GMC number 2482404, and currently work in a skin cancer clinic at the Royal South Hants hospital in Southampton although I was a GP for over 20 years. I do a lot of education work, mainly teaching about skin cancer diagnosis. This channel isn't about that, but as I ad lib it comes out from time to time as do other aspects of my life.
Seems sometimes wax is applied BEFORE taping, and sometimes after (or does my memory deceive me?). I understand purpose of SEALING the wound, and securing the graft, and also imagine you don't want any wax INSIDE the graft/would, as it would seal off the cambium channels/tubes, preventing them from finding/mating w/ each other as graft heals. Have you tried any of the grafting tools available? W/Speed & sturdiness of saddle and rind graft, why do cleft? Love your videos & tutelage. Thanks.
I'm considering grafting within the same tree. The idea is to use scion from the new shoots to graft into large branches, that I would otherwise have to cut complety off.
Thank you for the fabulous video. Have you made a video showing how you select your root stock. also the best parts of the parent tree for reproduction. I assume that the best time would be when pruning during the trees dormancy?
@crislort yes. It is my settled opinion that the highest success rates are achieved when sap is flowing fast, using scion wood that was cut dormant and stored cool. This seems logical to me since the stored scion wood is slightly dry so will tend to suck up sap, which is flowing from below. I have not conducted any scientific studies, but it seems to work for me. Grafting earlier than this just leaves the cut ends to dry out, they can't start to meld together until growth is taking place.
So, for peaches, grown here in Scotland, If I carried out the whole process in spring when sap is rising, and I normally prune, I should have some success?
Is the saddle graft considerably more successful than the cleft? Seems so much faster just cutting off a larger branch and quickly inserting TWO scions. Also seems to allow so much more latitude / size difference with that grafting method. Is there much more to learn from the book you recommended that I wouldn't learn from watching your fine videos? Greetings my friend, from the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA
Great video, thanks. I'm growing apple trees from seed, about 3 months old now. How old should the tree be before I graft an older tree onto it. What age are trees are when they start to produce branches. Got plenty of leaves but no branches as of yet.
congratulation for show me yours dificut and hard job to its very important and interesting too i love that all dont stop dont give up im waiting news think so much its life care one sorry mistake see you soon
Greetings Todd. I have not noticed any difference between lateral and vertical shoots. I have heard there may be a difference in cuttings from mature pine trees, but I don't think it applies with apples or other fruit trees.
am i right in thinking the best time to do any sort of graft is at the point of fastest growth(highest sap flow)? or is that just for layering techniques
@Tubeglowfun Glad to hear of your success, that's a positive for youtube and sharing skills. I hesitate to say with certainty that one graft is better than another in the absence of a proper scientific study. All grafts work depending on timing, quality of scion and stock, clean cuts, good cambium to cambium contact and good tying in. I love the simplicity and clean lines of the saddle graft where you have stock and scion of equal diameters, but all the others work if properly executed.
Dr. Hayes--hello from Oklahoma, USA. I have enjoyed watching all your videos. Just one question if you have the time. Have you noticed any difference in using scions from lateral shoot compared to vertical shoots? I'm just getting interested in grafting a bunch of native male persimmon trees and converting them to a fruit bearing female tree. I read where scions from lateral shoots fruit better than vertical branches. Thanks in advance. Todd
realy like your vidios.....trying to learn... have a few fruit trees......got a couple ??? can you graft peach on to apricot or plum..... what would be a good graft to use with apricot or peach....thanks Robert
I've got an old apple tree that was buried behind a bunch of other trees and stuff on a property. it's growing kinda sideways (not too bad) and has some dead branches. Are their any ways to graft some lower branches onto it as most of the branches are fairly high. Its still fairly healthy and produces apples. Not sure how a tree this old takes grafts or if it's worth trying to save. My guess is roughly 30 years old, could be more.
Thanks. I wouldn't keep newly grafted trees in pots for a year, I have never tried it as I saw no reason to, but I can see some situations in which it would make sense. If I had to I would want large pots and a soil mix that had good moisture retention.
Stephen If you wouldn't mind; where did you get that leather tool holder from? Is it available online, or did you get it local in the UK? I've spent too much time trying to find something like what you have in your video. Life is too short trying to locate essentials when I could be grafting. Happy!
+Craig Lewis Not really, unless you are considering another type of maple fruit. :) Very generally, grafting compatibility ends outside the stock's genus -- which are groups of related species. For instance, peaches, plums, almonds and cherries are all members of Prunus, and there is a large measure of grafting compatibility between these members. Stepping up the taxonomic hierarchy (species->genus->family), peaches, apples and roses are all members of the family Rosaceae but there aren't really any examples of true grafting compatibility between these. Maybe Steve can do a more qualified treatment on this subject in his very helpful and informative channel. My opinion is that there is generic heritage that should be preserved and promulgated but also there is intellectual and vocational heritage that deserves the same.
hey Stephen. What are good apple trees to use as root stock? For example, I want to graft my 2 favorites into 1 tree, fuji apples and granny smiths. so which young tree should i buy to use as a root stock for the 2?
Hi, Stephen. Or anyone else! Might grafting be a good way to move peach trees? If I get the right rootstocks. I have 2 and a nectarine that I am growing against my shed. Now 4 y-0, and had first nectarines last year. I think I will kill them if I move them, but would like to have same as fans in front garden. prob is, they can only be pruned once growing. I grew them too close together and they have been much more vigorous tham advertised! They were supposed to be pillar patio trees, but have spread much further. My Idea is to get rid of the middle tree, if I can grow a new one. Thanks
Dear Sir, Thank you very much for sharing the video. I have another question about growing apple tree. Can it be done if small two plant from different apple seeds, around 2 inch grown up plant, put in to the soil side by side, very close to each other, will it get automatically grafted as they keep growing , so that when fully grownup plant will give fruits . Thanking you in advance
Don't believe you should be stuffing the wax in the cut areas like you are. Keeps the appropriate bark/scion contact from happening... Contrary to good reasoning...!
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So good. I was making videos back in 2011 as well when videos on the Internet weren't what they are today. This information is timeless though, and you've really done the world a great service sharing your knowledge all these years. Keep it up!
So wonderful that I have found this vlog. What a great description of grafting. Practical, and knowledgable. Love it. Can't wait to graft one of my favourites on to a new stock, failures or not!
Thanks for all your very interesting videos. I've had good success using some of your techniques. My climate is a little tougher than yours, our scions need to be very hardy. Winter temps here in northern Minnesota are -40 to -50 F.
I have found that a good product to use for wax is a toilet wax ring, used between the base of a toilet and the plumbing flange. The wax is fairly soft right out of the box and easy to use. It is also very inexpensive.
seriously though, just getting my families orchard back from the graveyard, your vids are a gold mine
Thanks for the instructional videos Steve, they are timeless.
Thanks, this is the first video I have watched on grafting and you have demystified the techniques.
Brilliant and informative video, enjoy watching all your videos, thanks very much.
Really great video, good techniques, very informative, Thanks for sharing
Thanks for that video - very useful. It is usually hard to get the proper size scions from an old and neglected trees.
Thanks. The different grafts are mainly about relative diameters of stock and scion. Cleft is very good when you have stock of 12-15mm diameter and scion of 3-4mm, you can't successfully saddle graft those diameters.
you're right about wax, DO NOT get it between live surfaces or it WILL prevent union.
The only tools I use are what you see here. Some specialist tools are illustrated in The Grafter's Handbook by R J Garner, but I've never seen them for sale anywhere and I do OK without
Spring. I graft in early April as a rule, using scion wood that was cut in mid February to early March and stored damp and cool.
Tree surgeon!! Awesome to watch.
Very informative, best i've seen so far, Many Thanks
Do you see significant advantages to using a saddle graft vs a single cleft graft on small wood with the same diameter? I will be grafting over some stooled rootstocks this spring. After doing some practice grafts I found a saddle graft was more difficult to accomplish in a single cut without having to adjust for better cambium alignment.
P.S. Every rind graft I did last year took thanks to your videos. 100% success! Thank you.
According to The Fruit Garden Displayed (highly recommended out of print book) peaches, nectarines and apricots are grafted on to St Julien A, which is the standard stock used to graft plums. I have not tried it.
I did successfully propagate plums one by chip budding in July. I believe that grafting stone fruits is a bit more difficult that apples and pears, but obviously it can be done.
Hi Jan. I bought some leather and tools and made it myself. Lots of leather working vids on YT but nothing tricky. If you don't want to go that far, much can be done with some scrap leather or suede and a suitable punch plus strong thread. Basically its several holsters on a belt.
Thanks for the advice, I am just thinking of pruning my apples so I will save some of the scion wood, aquire some root stocks and give it a go.
thanx for uploading, i learnt a lot from your videos
"I believe you can graft any citrus to any citrus, but I've never done it. .."... Just to confirm that is indeed the case, and we have had great success using grapefruit seedlings as root stock for scions from lemon, mandarin, and kumquat. If anything citrus grafting is easier than with apples.
Great thanks. When you are doing a rind graft can I cut a long wedge out of the existing branch? or do I have to 'commit' completely to the process and cut it off completely? thanks for all you share and the manner in which you do so! it makes it feel achievable. Many thanks and God bless.
Your mention of R.J. Garner Grafting book you might mention it Has a CD included. Just thought I'd mention that. I do really like your videos Stephen "Really" informative.
Great video,,, you are a good teacher
I am a registered medical doctor, GMC number 2482404, and currently work in a skin cancer clinic at the Royal South Hants hospital in Southampton although I was a GP for over 20 years. I do a lot of education work, mainly teaching about skin cancer diagnosis. This channel isn't about that, but as I ad lib it comes out from time to time as do other aspects of my life.
Seems sometimes wax is applied BEFORE taping, and sometimes after (or does my memory deceive me?). I understand purpose of SEALING the wound, and securing the graft, and also imagine you don't want any wax INSIDE the graft/would, as it would seal off the cambium channels/tubes, preventing them from finding/mating w/ each other as graft heals. Have you tried any of the grafting tools available? W/Speed & sturdiness of saddle and rind graft, why do cleft? Love your videos & tutelage. Thanks.
I'm considering grafting within the same tree. The idea is to use scion from the new shoots to graft into large branches, that I would otherwise have to cut complety off.
Thank you for the fabulous video. Have you made a video showing how you select your root stock. also the best parts of the parent tree for reproduction. I assume that the best time would be when pruning during the trees dormancy?
@crislort yes. It is my settled opinion that the highest success rates are achieved when sap is flowing fast, using scion wood that was cut dormant and stored cool.
This seems logical to me since the stored scion wood is slightly dry so will tend to suck up sap, which is flowing from below. I have not conducted any scientific studies, but it seems to work for me. Grafting earlier than this just leaves the cut ends to dry out, they can't start to meld together until growth is taking place.
So, for peaches, grown here in Scotland, If I carried out the whole process in spring when sap is rising, and I normally prune, I should have some success?
P.S I normally prefer a book, but your videos are easy to follow! Thank you.
Is the saddle graft considerably more successful than the cleft? Seems so much faster just cutting off a larger branch and quickly inserting TWO scions. Also seems to allow so much more latitude / size difference with that grafting method. Is there much more to learn from the book you recommended that I wouldn't learn from watching your fine videos? Greetings my friend, from the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, USA
When you do a rind graft do you cut both sides or just one? does it work the same both ways just as good? Great Video, Thanks!
Great video, thanks. I'm growing apple trees from seed, about 3 months old now. How old should the tree be before I graft an older tree onto it. What age are trees are when they start to produce branches. Got plenty of leaves but no branches as of yet.
Great work as usual. Out of curiosity, what binding tape would have been used from a historical perspective?
congratulation for show me yours dificut and hard job to its very important and interesting too i love that all dont stop dont give up im waiting news think so much its life care one sorry mistake see you soon
Greetings Todd. I have not noticed any difference between lateral and vertical shoots. I have heard there may be a difference in cuttings from mature pine trees, but I don't think it applies with apples or other fruit trees.
I just watched another video of yours and noticed that you cut both sides of the scion on your rind grafts, that's what i do as well.
Great video very helpfull but could you tell me the best time of year to graft apple trees, many thanks.
I agree Carlos.
Thanks for your good work
My daughter tried to get a copy of the Grafter's Handbook but it appears to be out of print. The second-hand copies can be quite expensive!!
am i right in thinking the best time to do any sort of graft is at the point of fastest growth(highest sap flow)? or is that just for layering techniques
Thank you very good
excellent video. do you know if pear can be grafted with an apple scion?
@Tubeglowfun Glad to hear of your success, that's a positive for youtube and sharing skills.
I hesitate to say with certainty that one graft is better than another in the absence of a proper scientific study. All grafts work depending on timing, quality of scion and stock, clean cuts, good cambium to cambium contact and good tying in.
I love the simplicity and clean lines of the saddle graft where you have stock and scion of equal diameters, but all the others work if properly executed.
I believe you can graft any citrus to any citrus, but I've never done it. Too cold to grow citrus outdoors in England
Dr. Hayes--hello from Oklahoma, USA. I have enjoyed watching all your videos. Just one question if you have the time. Have you noticed any difference in using scions from lateral shoot compared to vertical shoots? I'm just getting interested in grafting a bunch of native male persimmon trees and converting them to a fruit bearing female tree. I read where scions from lateral shoots fruit better than vertical branches. Thanks in advance. Todd
realy like your vidios.....trying to learn... have a few fruit trees......got a couple ??? can you graft peach on to apricot or plum..... what would be a good graft to use with apricot or peach....thanks Robert
I've got an old apple tree that was buried behind a bunch of other trees and stuff on a property. it's growing kinda sideways (not too bad) and has some dead branches. Are their any ways to graft some lower branches onto it as most of the branches are fairly high. Its still fairly healthy and produces apples. Not sure how a tree this old takes grafts or if it's worth trying to save. My guess is roughly 30 years old, could be more.
Thanks for you videos, if you were going to keep you newly grafted trees in pots for the first year what kind of soil mix would you use? thanks
Thanks. I wouldn't keep newly grafted trees in pots for a year, I have never tried it as I saw no reason to, but I can see some situations in which it would make sense. If I had to I would want large pots and a soil mix that had good moisture retention.
Stephen that’s a nice video, thank You so much! I have one question… I couldn't find Tenax Wax for sale over here, can I use natural Bees Wax instead?
Yes, you could. You may need to melt it though.
Stephen
If you wouldn't mind; where did you get that leather tool holder from? Is it available online, or did you get it local in the UK? I've spent too much time trying to find something like what you have in your video. Life is too short trying to locate essentials when I could be grafting. Happy!
Great video Stephen. :) Can you graft apple and other fruits trees to silver maple or other trees and have it produce fruit? Tks
+Craig Lewis Not really, unless you are considering another type of maple fruit. :)
Very generally, grafting compatibility ends outside the stock's genus -- which are groups of related species. For instance, peaches, plums, almonds
and cherries are all members of Prunus, and there is a large measure of grafting compatibility between these members. Stepping up the taxonomic hierarchy (species->genus->family), peaches, apples and roses are all members of the family Rosaceae but there aren't really any examples of true grafting compatibility between these.
Maybe Steve can do a more qualified treatment on this subject in his very helpful and informative channel. My opinion is that there is generic heritage that should be preserved and promulgated but also there is intellectual and vocational heritage that deserves the same.
hey Stephen. What are good apple trees to use as root stock? For example, I want to graft my 2 favorites into 1 tree, fuji apples and granny smiths. so which young tree should i buy to use as a root stock for the 2?
Hi, Stephen. Or anyone else!
Might grafting be a good way to move peach trees? If I get the right rootstocks. I have 2 and a nectarine that I am growing against my shed. Now 4 y-0, and had first nectarines last year. I think I will kill them if I move them, but would like to have same as fans in front garden. prob is, they can only be pruned once growing. I grew them too close together and they have been much more vigorous tham advertised! They were supposed to be pillar patio trees, but have spread much further. My Idea is to get rid of the middle tree, if I can grow a new one. Thanks
can you do a video on just what is the cambium layer? I think I know where it is I just want an expert clarification.
So if I graft say a orange to a lemon tree, would it affect how the fruit grows then? Just out of curiosity
Dear Sir, Thank you very much for sharing the video. I have another question about growing apple tree. Can it be done if small two plant from different apple seeds, around 2 inch grown up plant, put in to the soil side by side, very close to each other, will it get automatically grafted as they keep growing , so that when fully grownup plant will give fruits . Thanking you in advance
It is great video and what is the name of cream or glue? Please reply.
TENAX Wax
can I use a straight sucker? say off an apple tree for first year growth
Is it best to do this when the scion and root stocks are still dormant?
I graft in early April, when the wood is just coming out of winter dormancy. Don’t leave it too late.
The fruit remains the same, you can also make 3 or 4 different varieties in one tree.
are you sooking the hayasuk?
robert can be done peach with plum or other way around
Cambium is between secondary xylem and secondary phloem
@HowToHistory raffia and cow manure
I think its not nesesery put foil over vax,only around graft from side.
Are you a doctor
Don't believe you should be stuffing the wax in the cut areas like you are. Keeps the appropriate
bark/scion contact from happening... Contrary to good reasoning...!
popular amateur video haha... classic
why do you talk like that