Can pain be detected in anesthetized patients?

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 21 ก.ค. 2024
  • Even when a patient is unconscious under general anesthesia, their body can still respond to pain. In this video, I got my hands on a new device designed to detect how much pain a patient is experiencing under general anesthesia.
    0:00 Start
    0:53 Pain & general anesthesia
    2:24 Pain detection?
    6:19 Scientific evidence
    Music:
    Subtle Swagger by Ron Gelinas: / atmospheric-music-portal
    The information in this video is not intended nor implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. All content, including text, graphics, images, and information, contained in this video is for general information purposes only and does not replace a consultation with your own doctor/health professional.
    #Anesthesiology #Residency #MedicalSchool
  • วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี

ความคิดเห็น • 129

  • @tylervalentine6401
    @tylervalentine6401 ปีที่แล้ว +119

    Congratulations on graduating from residency!!! Your videos are some of the best anesthesiologist videos on TH-cam and really informative.

  • @JPSRNA2025
    @JPSRNA2025 ปีที่แล้ว +36

    Im a second year nurse anesthesia student and I have loved being able to listen to how you explain videos in a concise and thorough manner. Please keep up with the videos and congratulations on graduating residency!

  • @smugandsmarmy
    @smugandsmarmy ปีที่แล้ว +21

    As someone who’s undergone nearly a dozen surgeries (yeah, I’m a mess) this was incredibly fascinating! My first one was in 1981 (cavernous hemangioma removal), when I was 7 ish - I got violently ill afterwards!! It was incredibly upsetting and scared me for a looong time. Just hearing about the titration levels of opioids made a world of sense to me! Loving your channel, and congratulations on completing your residency!!

  • @AmericanCatlover2.0
    @AmericanCatlover2.0 ปีที่แล้ว +7

    Congratulations on graduation

  • @pogwef
    @pogwef ปีที่แล้ว +13

    I’m an Anesthesia Tech and these videos help me so much. Being able to understand things and anticipate physician’s needs is so valuable. Congrats on residency graduation doc!

  • @SAOS451316
    @SAOS451316 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    A corporation paying for a study of its product's effectiveness does invalidate the results actually. In engineering that's a big no-no and safety studies must always be impartial and independent. This device is pretty simple and it probably does help, but proper tests must be done first before it's widely adopted.

  • @janicetribbiani7535
    @janicetribbiani7535 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    I was a surgical tech 35 years ago and our surgeons told us that if a body responded to pain, the patient wasn't "deep" enough. Things have advanced quite a lot since then.

    • @marianneegland5576
      @marianneegland5576 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Another old surgical tech and this is fascinating! I love your videos!

  • @dmc01
    @dmc01 ปีที่แล้ว +9

    Congrats Max on graduation! We used the NOL index at our center for a research study as well!

    • @MaxFeinsteinMD
      @MaxFeinsteinMD  ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Yes, I saw that study! I wanted to present the studies that looked specifically at outcomes related to drug dosing and pain scores, so I didn’t include it in this video. But I think it’s great you did that work!

  • @gavinspammed
    @gavinspammed ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Finally, a way to tell how much pain our anesthesiologists are in.

    • @Anon_E_Muss
      @Anon_E_Muss ปีที่แล้ว +3

      😂

    • @SE45CX
      @SE45CX 16 วันที่ผ่านมา

      Imagine drugging up a patient and then realize the system is hooked to your body.

  • @dewaltdrill409
    @dewaltdrill409 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    CONGRATULATIONS FOR GRADUATING!!!!! I’m so proud of you max 🥳🎉

  • @kel8761
    @kel8761 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congratulations on graduation! Thank you for educating and empowering us as patients.

  • @jewel1953
    @jewel1953 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I love your patience in explaining info. on your videos. If I needed surgery again I wish I could have you for my anesthesiologist.

  • @ahmedgo6139
    @ahmedgo6139 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Congratulations! Hope to follow your steps in the future as my journey kinda started with your videos, wish you all luck

  • @ria-gq8ez
    @ria-gq8ez ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Congrats. And love ur videos. It reminds me of the bis we used to monitor awareness in the ‘90’s which came main stay and then discontinued

  • @CWGminer
    @CWGminer ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Congratulations on graduating residency! I’m not a doctor or med student, but I enjoy learning about this stuff anyway. Keep up the great work!

  • @tldeane1976
    @tldeane1976 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Congratulations on becoming an anesthesiologist! Love your videos. The more surgery I have, the more interested I become in anesthesia. Very fascinating field.😊

  • @pranavnedumpurath4156
    @pranavnedumpurath4156 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Hey max, just wanted to say again that you're videos are amazing and thank you for letting me experience the OR at sinai!

  • @dueljet
    @dueljet 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I am a circulator and often have to act as the DJ. Our operating rooms have really nice speaker systems. We are thinking about adding subwoofers to the OR tables. You nailed the surgeon/music types!

  • @surgeon1016
    @surgeon1016 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Congratulations for graduating residency and thanks for always providing such informative videos I’ve learned so much from watching your videos

  • @carlschuchardt3219
    @carlschuchardt3219 ปีที่แล้ว

    Congratulations on finishing residency! Love your videos.

  • @darriontunstall3708
    @darriontunstall3708 ปีที่แล้ว +5

    Great video!! Congrats on on graduating!! You inspire me so much! I really enjoy donating to the anesthesiologist Foundation, since it was hard for me to go to college because of my cerebral palsy, I really wanted to be a anesthesiologist physician! I have always wanted to be a anesthesiologist since it was a kid

  • @AshesOfRoses
    @AshesOfRoses ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Congratulations! Enjoy your videos and hope you have many successful years in practice and continue to educate us as well.

  • @BirdiesGoCherp
    @BirdiesGoCherp ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Congratulations on finishing your residency! I'm 8 months into my Junior year in anaesthesiology residency.

  • @Dannsandiego
    @Dannsandiego ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Congratulations Max!

  • @YSong411
    @YSong411 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Thank you so much for making these videos! I find them extremely fascinating! Could you please make some videos on nerve blocks? I’ve had 6 surgeries on my left hand and one more in coming August and I got the nerve blocks with each and it’s a interesting procedure

  • @davidciaffa4711
    @davidciaffa4711 ปีที่แล้ว

    Congratulations on completing your residency!

  • @WilburGarysMum
    @WilburGarysMum 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I’m having surgery soon. Your videos are very reassuring. Thank you 🙏🏼

  • @DonTravels
    @DonTravels ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Congrats on graduation! 🎉

  • @britonkraemer7344
    @britonkraemer7344 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congrats on graduating!! Love Love the channel!

  • @laurasnow7822
    @laurasnow7822 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Congratulations on graduating!!

  • @ktcadbury9395
    @ktcadbury9395 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congrats Max!

  • @chelseadavis4953
    @chelseadavis4953 ปีที่แล้ว

    Ahhh a whole Anesthesiologist now!!!! Feeling like a proud subscriber 💉💕

  • @moana_nui
    @moana_nui ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congrats on graduating! love your videos

  • @marioghioneto1275
    @marioghioneto1275 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Congratulations on graduation!

  • @ooommm4024
    @ooommm4024 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    I have awoken multiple times under general anesthesia and can say that you definitely feel pain. That has been a reason I have studied pain management as a nurse. A better way of checking pain levels when someone is unable to talk would be a godsend.

    • @becky2235
      @becky2235 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      I've heard so many stories of this it's terrifying

  • @sophiasocal68
    @sophiasocal68 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Congratulations Dr Feinstein on completing your residency. Advice for the last 2 surgeries Ive had helped immensely. (Bubble gum flavor in o2 mask)

  • @MayorRob88
    @MayorRob88 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Congratulations on your graduation Max! 🎉

  • @robkirk6623
    @robkirk6623 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congrats! Enjoy your videos hope you keep them up.

  • @NinjazMontagez
    @NinjazMontagez ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congrats graduating!!!

  • @musman9853
    @musman9853 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    congrats on finishing residency!

  • @seifyk
    @seifyk ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Grats on the raise!

  • @linnsoltwedel
    @linnsoltwedel ปีที่แล้ว +1

    CONGRATS! So happy for you! You sure have come a DARN long way! Where are you working now? Or are you going to do a fellowship?

  • @georgiede
    @georgiede ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congratulations on graduating!

  • @AndreiSmolnikov
    @AndreiSmolnikov ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Congratulations on your graduation!!

  • @jungjunpark9890
    @jungjunpark9890 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    hope they let you make videos at your new place Dr. Feinstein

    • @MaxFeinsteinMD
      @MaxFeinsteinMD  ปีที่แล้ว +4

      I’m actually going to continue making videos at Mount Sinai!

  • @ailanisd8594
    @ailanisd8594 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Congratulations! 🎉

  • @jiggler7243
    @jiggler7243 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    LETS GO MAX, SHEEEESH 🎉🎉🎉👏👏

  • @zackeryvollstedt59
    @zackeryvollstedt59 ปีที่แล้ว

    Congratulations on graduating residency!

  • @3technique
    @3technique ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congratulations on completing your Residency, Dr. Feinstein!! Any word yet on your Fellowship - and will you continue to make videos? (Please!!)

  • @reddbendd
    @reddbendd ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I used to read about this stuff in Alex striker books when I was a kid

  • @scrumptious9673
    @scrumptious9673 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    I thought you were going to put the sensor on and do a variety of painful things to show it working. What a missed opportunity 😂
    Also congrats on graduating, love your videos

    • @MaxFeinsteinMD
      @MaxFeinsteinMD  ปีที่แล้ว +5

      I actually really wanted to do this, but I thought there might be some ethical concerns that would be best avoided lol

    • @Eman1900O
      @Eman1900O ปีที่แล้ว

      @@MaxFeinsteinMDyou could have at least pinched yourself. Just sitting there the numbers jumped from. 20-45.

    • @thomasdalton1508
      @thomasdalton1508 ปีที่แล้ว

      ​@@MaxFeinsteinMDDoctors used to experiment on themselves all the time. Ethically dubious, maybe, but imagine the views Barry Marshall could have got when he tried to give himself an ulcer if only TH-cam had existed in 1984!

    • @durdleduc8520
      @durdleduc8520 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      @@MaxFeinsteinMD fair enough! but i would have been satisfied by something minor that you can easily stop yourself, like pinching yourself lol.

  • @zablelop
    @zablelop ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I had a pilonidal cyst removed twenty years ago. The anesthesiologist immobilized me when I was on my stomach. I could not move, yell or do anything to tell her that I was not fully under. I could feel the scalpel cut into me and the scraping of bone as the surgeon was trying to release the cyst. I felt everything. The awful part of it was listening to the surgeons bad jokes about his recent vacation to Hawaii. On top of that I had to pay the anesthesiologist out of my own pocket because the original doctor was a no show and the one I got wasn’t in my insurance plan. I wish they had that back then. Thanks for the video. Also, congratulations 🎉

  • @mollywills7720
    @mollywills7720 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congrats!!

  • @davideberhardt1361
    @davideberhardt1361 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congrats Doc!

  • @TheDamian418
    @TheDamian418 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congratulations!!!

  • @goldwingman1500
    @goldwingman1500 ปีที่แล้ว

    When they took my Gall Blader by open Cut the Dr same as you placed a piece tape on my Head i think it was connected to a machine Great Video Max.

  • @dmitryschafebook2443
    @dmitryschafebook2443 ปีที่แล้ว

    Congratulations on graduating anesthesiology residency.

  • @Ij-jan
    @Ij-jan ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Congratulations

  • @javiercastro8466
    @javiercastro8466 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Mmm, interesting at how this works to interpret pain. This is a problem in search of a solution I have been thinking about for years!

  • @cosmoplakat9549
    @cosmoplakat9549 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    My worst post-op symptom was severe nausea for 2 days afterward!

  • @GreggBB
    @GreggBB ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congratulations on you graduating residency! Really interesting machine. I hope you find it does help you in a reliable way. Sounds like it could make things easier for you if so. Will you stay where you are now that you are an attending Dr, or would you like to venture out?

  • @DarthJermz
    @DarthJermz ปีที่แล้ว

    🎉🎉🎉 on Graduating!

  • @pchaynes
    @pchaynes ปีที่แล้ว +2

    First off I would like to say I quite enjoy your videos and find them very educational and informative. Today I had excision of a rather large lipoma, 17 x 6 cm, from my upper mid back. My surgeon felt it was too large to do under a local so I was in a surgical center and had the usual cocktail of fentanyl, propofol, decadron, etc., and that sort of thing, so obviously I was fast asleep. However, the OR nurse commented that I was moving my legs enough (I was positioned on my right side so I did not have to be paralyzed and ventilated etc. had I been prone), that she had to hold my legs to keep me still. This makes me wonder if I was feeling pain. Just a rhetorical question but timely given the topic of this video. It is now roughly 10 hours post surgery and my pain is well controlled on Norco 5/325 in spite of having a 4 inch incision. I would not even call it pain, more like muscle soreness. I appreciate the anesthesiologists who do their utmost to keep the patients comfortable.❤

  • @VU3ZNL
    @VU3ZNL ปีที่แล้ว +3

    Congratulations on being graduated antesialogist

  • @MaltaMcMurchy
    @MaltaMcMurchy ปีที่แล้ว

    Congratulations on your recent graduation from residency! 🥳

  • @retinapeg1846
    @retinapeg1846 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I feel like risks with opioids in hospitals are overblown. Nausea? Anti enetics. Respiratory depression? Low dose naloxone. Compare to giving too much ketamine, cardiac arrest likely.

  • @ilovetotri23
    @ilovetotri23 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Thanks!

  • @ilovetotri23
    @ilovetotri23 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I know that there is a huge push to remove opiods from any type of pain management and that makes good sense. I had part of my colon removed on an inpatient procedure, I had no need for opiods after. They used a ton of great over the counter products, in a very structured way. However, I had surgery on my thumb, and it was probably only twilight sedation. The pain has never gone away!!!!

    • @denisemcguire6645
      @denisemcguire6645 10 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I had open heart surgery only using Tylenol

  • @jasonflynn8756
    @jasonflynn8756 ปีที่แล้ว

    How do you control pain on patients stabilized on suboxone and how do you treat post op pain

  • @alexmcintyre8229
    @alexmcintyre8229 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Well if the patient is having surgery under local anesthesia if the patient isn't screaming from horrible pain that would be a good indication that things are working. If the patient who's under local anesthesia is chatting with you about their vacation plans & how life is going that's another good indication that things are going smoothly. If the patient is talking with you that's also a good sign that they're alive.

  • @lane2063
    @lane2063 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wondering about using this device in a conscious sedation setting. I’ve had 10+ ESI (lumbar, TFESI, caudal, SI Joint). We are on a path for SI Joint ablation. The last procedure was a bilateral SI block to prove efficacy and get insurance authorization. The block was the only procedure (all done by same interventionist) where I have a memory of being in pain. Typically the fentanyl/versed cocktail puts me into a state where I’m not making memories or “feeling” pain. I spoke with the doctor and he said that I showed no signs of pain or made any sounds. He said that he would look at dosing to see if they had done anything different from previous injections. I’m already scheduled for the left side SI ablation and for the first time am a bit apprehensive about the possibility of pain. I’m not new to pain or surgery (two-level lumbar fusion Dec 2022). Thank you for your service.

  • @dinalota6296
    @dinalota6296 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have some herbals I want to use but theyre itchy, can I use anasthesie to ease the pain?

  • @sarahgoldie7994
    @sarahgoldie7994 ปีที่แล้ว

    I’ve been under 3 times for knee scopes and my question is whenever I have woken up from anhessthia my pain is always really bad and also I’m always nauseous I told them for my third and I got double the Zofran and that worked but I woke up in way more pain than ever before from my latest surgery, is it normal to wake up in pain and just be crying from it and also when I ever get the pain medication in my iv it didn’t kick in for about 20-30 minutes is that all normal just curious because I might be getting my 4th surgery but hopefully more time and pt will avoid a 4th!!!!!!!!!!

  • @CoThG
    @CoThG ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congrats on not having to say Anesthesia Resident!

  • @becky2235
    @becky2235 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    How would you deal with someone already on a large amount of opiates before surgery?

  • @drescherjm
    @drescherjm ปีที่แล้ว

    For the one surgery I have had in my life (jaw surgery in 2007) I can remember the anesthesiologist asked me something like did I feel the effect of the injection or getting sleepy. I said no, a few seconds later she asked me the same question and my answer was the same no! I fell no change at all. After that I woke up in recovery and I felt nothing between then and recovery that I can remember. I did need meds when the nurse came around to ask me how I felt in recovery. I said 5 out of 10.

  • @curtiswritt8474
    @curtiswritt8474 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hey Doc, did you find a fellowship for after residency?

  • @MAMAlbertaGirl
    @MAMAlbertaGirl ปีที่แล้ว

    ** QUESTION **
    Hey there Dr. Max! Have you ever come across any studies around patients with narcolepsy and general anesthesia? I have narcolepsy and I recently went under general anesthesia for surgery. Anesthesia worked well, however recovery was not typical. While other patients were up and ready for release after about 15 minutes. I was completely “wasted” for 5 HOURS after surgery. When I was finally able to stand and walk, I had to hold onto the walls to stop myself from falling over. What is interesting to me is that in contradiction of our outward symptoms, people with narcolepsy rarely get into deep sleep rhythm. My sleep study had me at 8 minutes of deep sleep over 105 minutes total. I should also note that in preparation, I took NO stimulants for one week prior to surgery.
    Any insights you can share ?
    I should also note, that I have red hair as well and typically require additional freezing during dental procedures.
    Thank you!

  • @cathylaycock5598
    @cathylaycock5598 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi. This is so interesting! I’m curious as to how you tell if patient needs insulin during surgery. I had vascular surgery a few yrs back and had to have insulin twice during the 4.5 hr surgery. Is there a special monitor on the patient or do you have to prick patients finger to test it. Thanks in advance. 😊❤️🇨🇦

  • @leelakrishan7453
    @leelakrishan7453 ปีที่แล้ว

    your cap is looking damn good 😍

  • @mtnairpilot
    @mtnairpilot ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congrats on graduation. 🎉You sound more authoritative than in your previous videos. Seriously! It seems like your voice is at a slightly lower pitch and your delivery is a bit slower.
    Conscious or subconscious? 🤔

  • @adamdude
    @adamdude 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    So is it possible that we feel the full pain of surgery but forget about it very quickly?

  • @DudeWhoSaysDeez
    @DudeWhoSaysDeez ปีที่แล้ว +1

    More double blind studies needed. An unbiased third party should investigate if these claims are true. If they are, it seems like it could greatly reduce the need for additional opioids being blindly administered during surgery/

    • @DudeWhoSaysDeez
      @DudeWhoSaysDeez ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Congrats on no longer being a resident. It makes your intro a few words shorter lol

    • @rachelweissbrod4215
      @rachelweissbrod4215 ปีที่แล้ว

      The device is FDA authorized - so the unbiased third party review has been completed

  • @thomasdalton1508
    @thomasdalton1508 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    It's basically a polygraph machine. They are pretty useless at detecting lies, but it sounds like they may have another purpose. (Causing yourself pain during a polygraph examine is a common trick to throw it off, so it makes sense that it would be useful for detecting pain.)

  • @mindofmayhem.
    @mindofmayhem. 11 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Midazolam? Is the patient in pain the whole time and just doesn't remember?

  • @madamsuna6434
    @madamsuna6434 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I have fibromyalgia. What would happen if i put this on? Unlimited power maybe?

  • @dinalota6296
    @dinalota6296 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Can I buy anasthesie for my personal use

  • @soaringkite2673
    @soaringkite2673 ปีที่แล้ว

    Dr. Max, why do anesthesiologists sit behind a drape?

  • @JimAllen-Persona
    @JimAllen-Persona ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congratulations on completing your residency. Do you still have to take boards or did your finish those? What's your next move?
    Q: If you administer a paralytic, how does it impact the movement score? How does the device account for it?

  • @benbookworm
    @benbookworm ปีที่แล้ว +1

    So, how’s that PSLF application going? Like me, you probably filled it out in the past 24 hours.

  • @user-uw9kr7ph1j
    @user-uw9kr7ph1j ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Looks like this device shows that recording TH-cam videos kinda hurts.

  • @sarangbak5971
    @sarangbak5971 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hi Max! I have a question... I have Raynaud's phenomenon and i need to get surgery, but doctors always try to measure my oxygen saturation with an oxymeter and as i have really bad blood perfusion they never get good measurements... are there other options to measure blood oxygenation in surgery?

    • @MaxFeinsteinMD
      @MaxFeinsteinMD  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      My first go-to option besides the fingers is the earlobe. And if that doesn’t work, the nostril. And if that doesn’t work, the nasal septum always works!

  • @barrykamin8776
    @barrykamin8776 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Congratulations! When do you take Boards? Written/oral/both? Or waiting until after fellowship and take only peds?

    • @MaxFeinsteinMD
      @MaxFeinsteinMD  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you! Written boards in a couple weeks, oral boards next year, peds boards also next year.

  • @rollietocups8592
    @rollietocups8592 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Can this device also perform the functions of a pulse oximeter?

  • @mekkler
    @mekkler ปีที่แล้ว

    The fact that that machine exists at all is kind of frightening.

  • @paulpoppenfuse7071
    @paulpoppenfuse7071 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Love ❤️

  • @philipgladstone1914
    @philipgladstone1914 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    The person doing the research should have no affiliation with the company!!!
    So would the results be bias????
    Are there ethics boards???

    • @MaxFeinsteinMD
      @MaxFeinsteinMD  ปีที่แล้ว +5

      It is often the case that if the manufacturer of a device/drug/etc doesn't do the initial studies, no other (unaffiliated) researcher is necessarily going to conduct those studies. It doesn't mean the results are biased, and it doesn't mean it's unethical. It just needs to be declared and considered when interpreting results, along with any other potential sources of bias.

  • @jacobfishel8913
    @jacobfishel8913 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    My dude got pain management so good that he didn't even notice his cranium had been removed, exposing his cerebrun. Smdh.

    • @jacobfishel8913
      @jacobfishel8913 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Edit: originally wrote cerebellum and ruined my joke. Seppuku is my only option.

  • @ishmm
    @ishmm ปีที่แล้ว +1

    hey you have to change your channel banner now that you're no longer a resident

  • @mxandrew
    @mxandrew 11 หลายเดือนก่อน

    The device is calling u out for finding the camera noxious