Power: Constructing a Car Engine (1930-1939) | British Pathé
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 12 เม.ย. 2014
- In this archive demo video from Morris Motors, we see the process of constructing an engine for a car and the different forms of power that allows it to happen.
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(FILM ID:2761.02)
Title reads: "Power" Photographed and Produced by Morris Motors Cine Dept at Cowley.
A fairly technical discussion of how engine parts for Morris cars are made.
VS of water rushing over rocks in stream. Voiceover talks about harnessing power to mans' industry. VS of windmill turning. VS of water mill in action. VS of hydroelectric power stations and dams.
MS of an engine - cut away shots show the different parts of the engine working.
VS of molten metal being poured in a mould. Mechanical hammers are used to shape red hot metal into parts for the engine. VS of ingots of metal pressed between rollers. A crankshaft is cleaned of excess metal. More shots as the crank is finished. VS of gear parts are ground on a lathe. Teeth of the gears are cut in different ways. They are then hardened and ground down. Various shots of connecting rods being made. They are started as rough forged items and then finished by various cutting processes. Lots of drilling and cleaning with duplicate jigs. It is then bored to size for the crankshaft bearing.
VS of metal being cast in a mould. Engine cylinder blocks are cast and drilled. Bearings are bored and reamed. VS of cylinders being bored and rolled. VS of dies for casting of piston heads. The pistons are then cleaned and bored. Multiple drills are used to make holes. A shaving lathe then cuts the piston to shape using a diamond cutting edge. Various parts are rough turned from steel rods using automatic lathes. The parts are then cleaned and polished. VS of screws being made.
VS of Morris motors machine shops where engines are being assembled for cars, vans etc. Shots of an engine being assembled by technicians. VS of engine being tested on a test bed.
VS of Morris car being driven through the countryside.
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Oh, something to remember: We see a lot of automated machines in this video, that once started, do their own thing. *There were no computers in the 1930s.* All of this was done via analog timing systems. Think of all the gears and such you see in an old clock, only on a much larger scale.
computer is overrated crap
And microprocessors are that on a much smaller scale. Electrical on/off switches. And that's pretty much what we are too.
@@klaasj7808 lmao are you watching this on your analog clock?
@@contambrah on my wifes vibrator.
@@klaasj7808 I'm sure she needs one
A tribute to the British skill and workmanship of the past. Thank you.
Many countries have it also. I guess you are from Britain.
Well this is Morris Motors and it is a British company. Which it doesn't mean they were the pinnacle of the industry but, British it is.
During the time, the Brits were among the best on the world. Only the German, American, and French industries could possibly justify a equal or superior claim.
Few if any other countries had the industrial scale and engineering advancement then. While Japan, Sweden and a few others had auto factories, they were not yet as advanced as they would be later in history. Remember, this is the 1930's, not post WW2.
@@mantatrip9319 Specifically.. this is 1930’s British industry .. what’s your point ?
this is actually mass production. usually skill and workmanship uses hand to assemble it.
1930s camera quality better than today’s camera quality snapshots of bigfoot and ufo’s..
This has been digitally remastered…
this was filmed with film which has better quality
Imagine the trial and error back in the day there were no computers to simulate and assist...the engineering back there was pure genius.... Powerful imagination put into action♥️
Imagination or ALIENS
You overestimate what computers ca do. Much of it is still the same outside design and automation.
You are underestimating the Power of Math..
O qualidade do aço não era tão preciso e variados, como hoje..! Era duro ou era mole o meio termo não existia.!!
I'm always amazed when I see quality machinery from the 1930's and up.
Twikkilol Brown and Sharpe were making and using single spindle automatic screw machines around 1850.
Edit: such as the machine at 14:58
Back when things were made it last! People also forget that there were workers who's sole job was to keep the machinery up and running! They were fittingly called machinists, a gear cracked, or a rod bent, the machinists came and saved the day!
I believe thats the era 30's-70's when the finest machinery was made! And i do believe that is factual! Alot of blacksmiths only want/use "old machinery" because it lasts and works smoother with less down time VS waiting for a china made pc boards or a fancy magnetic switch etc...(you get the idea lol)
Stil 10 to 19 years to go
@@MitchellCH 1848 the micrometer is made
Dry assembly of a new motor is wild. I guess the tolerance was a lot wider back then
This video should be introduced to all mechanical engineering students in early years.
Pretty incredible.
At some point you can imagine a conversation taking place along the lines of... _'We need to design a machine that makes the parts for the machine that makes the parts for the machine that makes the parts for the machine that makes the parts of the engine.'_
Some argue that the lathe is humanity's most important invention
Wonderful film and I love the commentary by Mr Cholmondeley-Warner.
Yes Grayson.Lol.
The BEST narrator!!
I watch this in awe! What great men we had to design such wonderful machines 100 years ago! The diamond finishing at 12.15 is amazing! I could watch this all day without tiring...
Great video! Think of the machinist who built them machines, that's a genius!
Yamaha motorcycle factory assembly line rd350
I wonder what machine's were used to make the machines that make the... and so on
Those
I've never seen any modern program that goes into this much depth.
If this were a modern program there would be an announcer telling you what you were going to see, telling you what you were seeing and then telling you what you'd seen. Then they'd tell you what was coming up after the break and then they'd show the same thing.
They'd easily stretch the 17 mins of this video out over six one hour episodes and throw in some TV jeopardy to sex it it up.
"Can Bob change the tool in his lathe in time to get the pistons ready for the deadline? Stay tuned to find out after this word from our sponsors".
@@xxxggthyf Infuriating right?
If it was Australian TV, it'd be half an hour long, with the manufacturing processes acting as filler material (20% of the film) while we explore the hardships of poor ol' John as the Elizabeth manufacturing plant finally closed, his workplace for the past 30 years. We'd hear about how it's affected his family and how he worries for his kids. It'd bang on about the community and there'd be plenty of shots of John looking on into the sunset, across his pool; somberly watering the garden in front of his huge house, with new boat in the driveway.
"What we're really doing it tough now, y'know? What we're losing is a way of life, the Australian way. Our community, y'know?"
@@blahblahblahblah2837 And something to so with sharks and some colour footage of Adolf Hitler :-D
You are sheltered. Just look around, there's plenty. Modern marvels, megastructures....
@@jjeshop No... They're terrible. Not the worst offenders by a long way but still pretty bad.
This program explain everything even a little kid can have a idea about the engine.. very precisely
I was a toolmaker for 15 years, now I'm an inspector and I love seeing these old machines. We still use some really old manual mills and lathes but the problem comes when you can't get parts for repair....I hate seeing them rust away before they're scrapped.
Would it be possible to use your toolmaking skills to make parts for these old machines?
@@eUK95 Yeah definitely but as it was, it wasn't viable...management made the decisions.
Sounds like the place I work. The factory has been there 90 years and some machines are from the 1930s.
@@annabellaandrewkingdon7972 Can you imagine a modern robot/machine running for 90 years?
Me neither. The place i work at, the oldest machines still are the most reliable, and if there is a problem its a small fix 9/10.
Yes same here, where I used to work we had a mill from the early 40s, lovely solid machine. Till a rat chewed through the leather drive belt. Was cheaper for the company to buy billets and me to spend 2 days making new pulleys to suit vee belts plus adding a tensioner arm as they ordered belts to long lol. That company has long gone but I do hope that mill is still cutting metal somewhere
Those machine tools look like they could last hundreds of years.
Ironic, the British engines they made in the 30s lasted mere months 😅
@@rxw5520 why was that?
@@visionist7 I think that's a bit of hyperbole to be honest. An engine from that era would be expected to last at least 20,000 miles before a rebuild and survive several rebuilds. Given the low speeds and crappy roads of the day the engine, with a rebuild or two, would likely out-last the rest of the car and even getting to first rebuild time would be a minor achievement.
Yeah I was just poking fun at British engines. Truth be told they did not fall behind the standard set by other countries in durability until probably the 70s and the rise of Japanese automakers.
I started out on machines not unlike those when I was 20. I am 44 now.
Would love a film of how the machines were made that do this work, they amaze me. How do you start from nothing and build a factory full of these one of a kind behemoths?
Now the technology has become so advanced that no one can imagine how it all started from starting, and if we/they know how, then won't believe it😂
This is hard to explain , You need a society capable of supporting industry .
Jesus it’s a lath !! That’s how ! Lmao machining tools to build. Geez
I was a welder before beginning my machining career in 1983 retired in 2021.
Seeing this machining work from 50 years before i started is amazingly similar and to some extent the exact same.
Enjoyed the video.
this is amazing thank you so much for sharing this with us
I work at GM Powertrain Engineering World Headquarters in the shop that builds components for prototype engines. It's fascinating to see all these steps being performed by traditional rather than computer assisted machinery.
I’m reading old engineering books from this era and just getting onto jig work and multi drilling operations. Really interesting and recommended to have a look if you get chance to buy old books. Many of these machines were specific to purpose and so would have been obsolete once the part changed. Some of the coatings we have for modern engines would have been considered magic when this film was made.
Lots of machine tools are SPMs (Special Purpose Machines)
I worked in engineering for 2 years in 1981, I was a grinder. I then became a carpenter for 10 years. Then I worked in IT as a computer analyst programmer for 20 years. I am now a masters degree teacher of English in Thailand :) Life can be fun and diverse :)
Funny, in anglo-saxon countries craftsmen are called engineers. In Germany only if you have a college/university degree you’re entitled to be called >Ingenieur
@@kulturfreund6631 Here in America, too. It is a licensed profession.
@@MrShobar Is it? I have the impression every technician in the US is called engineer.
@@kulturfreund6631 Any company engaged in engineering must have a license, and a registered professional engineer having a license. Individuals (such as myself) are licensed (by the state) as individuals.
@@MrShobar Ok, do you mean by "license" "college degree"?
The machines that make the engines are more intricate than the engines themselves.
What I love most is that Morris Motors had their own in house "Cine Dept" for making films!! ❤
amazing how much thought work and maintenance went into the production process
Gorgeous,thank you
It's amazing seeing these machines working and how messy were the production of these many parts.
State of the art technology at the time but still being used to produce the Morris Marina 40 years later.
@Walter Dumbrowski
Which is part of their problem. Making the same exact bike and not adapting to the times. Nice bikes, I had one. But others make a better bike for the money.
@@geoben1810 You can still buy a Morgan sportscar built in the same way since the 1930's and you will pay a premium and probably have to wait some time to get one. Horses for courses. I'm not a Harley fan since seeing one throw all it's oil and most of its crankcase into the gutter as it passed by me!
@@keithhoughton4308 Wasn't the old adage if a british bike ain't leaking theres no oil in it?
@@keithhoughton4308 The thing is that so many owners of Harley modify their ride even the engine that is why they like the design it is easy to change things up.
A well done explanation of Automotive Engineering.
amazing video.
the level of sophistication is mindblowing
Absolutely. Tracing the engineering and production of the various lathes, drill presses, etc. and their automation mechanics must be just as fascinating as seeing them at work in the factory. The staggering amount of machinery produced in the past 150 years or so is hard to believe--and considering how much of it was produced for military use and subsequently destroyed. Watching this film is like watching a camp fire: mesmerizing.
Alright - I'm sold! The next car I buy will be from Morris Motors Ltd.
Wonderful film, brought up and shown here on video. Great idea, thanks!
Those mechanical screw cutting machines are amazing.
This is all very impressive, as well as the fact that almost none of the workers are wearing any form of safety gear.
Wow. That was actually really cool to watch
Incredible footage. Great post. Thank you.
Thank you Austin Motor Company.
I was surprised. The mechanical principles and kinematics of that old craft machines - is outstanding
I love these videos, so advanced for the 30s And still the engines would leak oil and only be good for around 10k miles, I bet those guys names were Bert or Harry
Nobody misses babbitt bearings.
Incredible levels of dexerity & precision displayed in this video. Now, the machines do most of the work.
Engineering at its best, extraordinary piece of film. Thanks for uploading.
@You are correct But why did you make a channel with that name just to be a smart ass
Good video and audio, the good old machines and a kozy narrator. 👍
Video quality is simply great!
Amazing display of machining tools; thanks.
awesome video, thanks for this one!
Unglaublich was für fortschrittliche Maschinen schon damals zum Einsatz kamen.
Manche Werkzeuge sehen heute noch genauso aus wie damals.
Auch den Filmemachern ein Lob. Tolle detailreiche Aufnahmen.
Good Job!!!
Don't understant your answer.
Unbelievable what advanced machines were already used at that time.
Some tools still look the same today.
Also a praise to the filmmakers. Great detailed shots.
@@frankgutschank4183 he said Incredible what advanced machines were used back then.
Some tools still look the same today as they did then.
Praise also to the filmmakers. Great detailed pictures.
How they build the tool machine.
I'm always curious
machine tools are producted
more precision machine tools...
well, the parts a machine tool makes are allways somewhat less acurate than the machine itself. So to make the machine that makes the machine, some things are done by hand (scraping) even today. Also a lot of ingenuity by the engineers.
I’m studying manufacturing processes in mechanical engineering. This is an amazement to see!
This video is perfect. There are a few others. The 1960 ones
The precision of those machines is really impressive considering how long ago this is.
i learn a lot more from this old school videos than from school and all the new videos . thanks for uploading this sir
Fascinating. I could watch this type of stuff all the time!
I know this is like asking "what came first, the chicken or the egg?", but how in the hell did we figure out how to create these machines?
What was even more astounding was in 1890s, Rudolf Diesel. Invented diesel
When you go to sleep at night and dream
It's a long time ago we used rocks you know...
The steam engine was 1st made in the early 1700s. Meaning there was some level of precision machining in the 1600s.
@@harrybriscoe7948 then how those machines made..
Incredible for the era.
I could watch these videos all day... Absolutely beautiful
I imagine that forge operator is stone deaf.
cameriqueTV sometimes within a month complete deaf........
That's the 2nd thing that came to my mind, the 1st one being "hell yeah 30s work safety!"
Eh? What? Speak up!
Pardon ?
Eye protection. Nah.
Human ingenuity astounds me. Somebody designed the engine, then someone designed the machines to make the engine, then someone designed the logistics needed to keep that manufacturing going. It's just amazing to me. And God bless those men in the factories, men in heavy canvas and cotton caps, wielding tongs and hauling coal and hammering and riveting and machining everything.
It's insane that that blacksmith is operating that drop hammer without any eye protection. Crazy.
Was only a few 5 years ago my work brought in mandatory eyepro on the workshop floor
People weren't as stupid as you think back then. I bet he knew his job well
14.58 The automating machine making the screw is a cam driven type similar to CVA machines. Machines very similar to this were in use up until the mid 1980's. the company I worked for had about 20 all making small items. CVA were based in Brighton and Hove in Sussex.
Simply amazing
That was awesome and quite fun to watch thanks
no cnc machine, it's just amazing.
Well they just had non computerised mills.
Just NC mills.
Those have existed since the 18th century in automatic looms.
Just used punch cards.
Semi automated process
Marvelous film!
Great work 👏
Amazing people back then
Outstanding !
so good video quality. It is truly amazing.
12:32 - The original Mastercam!
...but how was _that_ camshaft made?
I was honestly surprised this was pre WW2.
Now you know what japan was so afraid of before ww2
@@aduantasyou’d have to be daft to not see or acknowledge the serious lopsided power balance that the USA held over Japan.
USA could at the time produce on a large scale virtually anything needed, The USSR also was able to wager their own production against the axis as well. Germany had a great industrial strength but was very costly and ultimately unsustainable. The hands of the many working men and women of the allied countries supplied the war with a driving force that was superior from the beginning.
With high taxes and government control our great steel mills closed in bidens first 3 years
All that effort and all you get is a Morris!
these very tools lasted the war, post war with the morris minor even up to the 1970s & 80s when the morris ital was still using the basic minor floorpan & running gear.
Didn't the Ital use the parts from the Marina?
I also doubt it was these very tools. I seem to recall that Morris, or it could have been Austin, or even Austin Morris, sold quite a number to Japan, as Japan were rebuilding and trying to tool up in the fifties and early sixties.
I'm sure Morris and Austin, also Ford and I think everyone else had moved away from Side valve onto Overhead valves during and just after the war. By the late Seventies and Eighties Overhead Cams were pretty well common.
That was very interesting, see how much improvement now with robots and better machining.
There probably isn’t as much difference in overall component quality as compared with modern methods as you might think, the main advantage now is shorter set up times on machines and much reduced labour costs
@@porkerthepig the more operations you can do at one station improves quality . Every time you change fixtures you lose some precision .
its amazing. there was no cnc machinery but they produced very quality engines...
Very good image quality to be so old
That's film's particle resolution for you!
When you think about it, even very old movies can get BD releases nowadays because of that.
35mm film was HD before HD existed!
Even super 8 film can be scanned in HD
Malfattio definitely, but it will be grainy. 16mm is roughly 1080p, 35mm roughly 4-5k.
35mm film is like 4K resolution. Unfortunately it's only 480p here on youtube.
Thank you
This video footage was made by using a pair of spur gears rotating a shaft which was used to control a linkage actuated valve operating a diaphragm to select a machining jig holding upto 20 drills and reaming tools.
Excelente documental!! ✌
Segunda. Guerra mundial
It's amazing that most of the machining processes used today were already being used in 1930s ! , well Maybe not as accurate as with today's technological advancements , but still is amazing .
Yup, I am still laughing at the forge worker operating a drop hammer with nothing more than a flatcap & a pair of tongs though.
Don't kid yourself. The era of master Craftsman has all but been lost thanks to "technology". The standard of accuracy for which we build things today was set by these men.
@@benboor7924 No. Engineering tolerances are hugely more accurate now. Part of the reason why you can get so much more power from the same displacement using less fuel...
A 1979 Honda gets better gas mileage than a 2019 Honda.. the only thing we have managed to do it shrink the size of electronic8 21duwyeoloere
@@mediocrefunkybeat Engineering tolerances and manufacturing tolerances are world's apart in reality. As an expert in the industry, I have seen first hand how engineers without any practical experience in manufacturing can literally blow time and money from ignorance. I've gone into facilities to help solve issues with quality control, only to find out that after they spent thousands of dollars to replace equipment, an engineer gave them terrible specifications. I told them they needed to completely rewrite their QA manuals, blueprints, and factory specifications. Also, some companies are still using old machines from even WWll era, because they were built so well.
Instructivo. Artesania mecanica en estado puro. Aquello nos trajo los adelantos de hoy en día.
Аж не верится что в то время уже было такое производство супер
Сам в шоке
Кто то позаботился, фильм для будущих поколений снял.
I don't think they open die forge crankshafts anymore, but in the wider scheme of things not a lot has really changed in the production of forged and stamped components. Machining of parts is where a lot has changed. Gear production really hasn't changed much, except that companies who make gears now are increasingly milling large gears rather than using gear generating machines for rough processing as it is a much faster process.
the morris 1300 A45 engine was used all the way to 1984. the last car was the morris ital in 1984
Magnífico 👏👏👏👏
Awesome video ! 👍
I couldnt imagine working in there without safety glasses like they are.
Fascinating...
So much precision and not a single computer in sight
Well they still had shop drawings and those machines still had presets to reproduce the same part with exact measurements over and over again. Computers means that process is more easily done and much quicker
This is awesome
It's funny to not only hear the way he talks, but also the way he describes the machines. Like one of the job requirements to be a narrator back in the day was "Can you sound slightly British?"
I love this
Amazing!
I see some cam driven automatic screw machines at work. Invented by Brown & Sharpe in 1865. Despite the name, they make many types of small parts besides screws. The cams are driven by screws, hence the name.
My parents brought over a Morris mini from the 50’s and drove it for 20 years before sending it off to the Philippines where it lived and drove for another 20.
Remarkable 🙏
Bit of a worry at 9:15 where one of the taps is wobbling off-centre. I can't imagine that main bearing cap will stay in place very long.
Manter estas ferramentas com precisão era obra do ferramenteiro e do oficial da máquina ! Tinha que fazer mágica ! Era muito difícil manter a precisão de saída das peças usinadas !
the machine that they use to made all the component are a genius human creation
Excellent
I'm sold! Where can I find a show room?
Its crazy to think that even back then, there was some type of automation. I wonder how they did the mechanical programming?
dantheman1998 probably a lot of pneumatic linkages that closed and opened various valves one after another
don't forget the Jacquard looms in the very early 1800s were effectively NC controlled, off punch cards. The auto lathes here were prob cam operated, these had been in use since the late 1800s. Along these lines th-cam.com/video/VS7GeKBbnSU/w-d-xo.html
RockinRedRover highly likely. It wouldn't have been that much later though for the introduction of relay and pegboard machines like habeggar automatic lathes. (Mid 40's)
They likely used Relay Logic (the same type of system that most elevators/lifts use) or they used pneumatic logic systems (heavily used in commercial office building plant rooms for the air conditioning systems up until the 1980s and still in use now)
agreed wrt the drilling/tapping/reaming/boring etc machines.
The documentaries are unbelievable! Very technical! Where are such documentaries nowadays ? :(
11:38 - Very impressive!