Quantitative Research | Likert Scale: Should I Use Parametric or Non-parametric Tests?
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 6 ก.ค. 2024
- A passionate dispute over the use of parametric versus non-parametric methods for the analysis of Likert scale data has raged for the past eighty years. The answer is not a simple “yes” or “no” but is related to hypotheses, objectives, risks, and paradigms. In this video, I will be presenting to you the arguments of the two sides of this dispute: the ordinalist which believe that Likert Scale data should be analyzed by nonparametric tests, and intervalist which believe the other way around.
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Gail M. Sullivan and Anthony R. Artino Jr (2013) Analyzing and Interpreting Data From Likert-Type Scales. Journal of Graduate Medical Education: December 2013, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 541-542.
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Mangiafico, S. (2020). R Handbook: Introduction to Likert Data. Retrieved 1 September 2020, from rcompanion.org/handbook/E_01....
Mircioiu, C.; Atkinson, J. A Comparison of Parametric and Non-Parametric Methods Applied to a Likert Scale. Pharmacy 2017, 5, 26.
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Sullivan, G. M., & Artino, A. R. (2013). Analyzing and Interpreting Data From Likert-Type Scales. Journal of Graduate Medical Education, 5(4), 541-542.
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You make a very solid and informed argument. Thanks for settling the case for me, am now able to revise my report based on this. Many thanks.
Glad it was helpful!
An accurate description of likert scale and its analysis. Thanks.👍
Hi, thanks for your video. I have survey results expressed in likert scale (1,2,3,4,5). Some of the questions are about input variables while the other are related to the dependent one that is the object of the study. If I would use Orange software should I apply a linear regression, a random forest or another kind predictive model node ? Thank you
Sir What statistical tool or treatment of data should you use in determining the
number of respondents who said “yes” or “no” to as particular question as
well as the percentage?
How about I use likert scale with a objectives of the levels of intrinsic and extrinsic Motivation what can be the analysis and scoring? What is arbitrary scale?
Great work!
hi sir, I have a study which has a likert scale type of questionnaire and I'm using the data for Multiple Regression Analysis in order to check whether my independent variables have a significant influence on my dependent variable. My research title is about Factors influencing Purchase Intention and I've seen a lot of related studies that uses likert scale data which is then analyzed via Multiple regression. I hope you can help me with this problem... How can I use the likert scale data for multiple regression analysis?
my questionnaire is on likert scale data which is ordinal data but my study type is quantitative .. can ia use nonparametric test ??
interesting. my first time to hear about ordinalists vs intervalists on likert data. my orientation has always been to approach it as ordinal. btw, are you a statistician by profession?
Sir what about you have 5 scale but 10 questions?
Hello, I've come across this video of yours, can you suggest the best way in finding out the results with this SOP of mine?
SOP 1 - Finding out the demographics of the students pertaining to their sex.
SOP 2 - Identifying the final ratings of 2nd year nursing students in all of their NCM lab subjects pertaining to return demonstration activities.
SOP 3 - Is there a significant relationship between the academic laboratory performance of nursing students with their demographics?
SOP 4 - To carry out the Output and Recommendations after conducting the study.
THANK YOU!
I have come across debates whether "NEUTRAL" in a five point scale should not be included in the analysis as it doesn't represents any position. I am wondering how his could be taken care of.
So can we give neutral 0 value
@raffycee sir I'm using 3 Likert scales ( 1 for independent variable other two for dependent variable). my objective is to find a relationship between them. can I go with mean, sd, and correlation?
You may but your scale is relatively narrow.. Usually, 5 and 7 point Likert Scales to measure variables.
Wow, this's so enlightening Sir! My Master's supervisor vehemently opposed to the idea of applying One-way ANOVA for a Likert Scale data. I wish I had informed argument to counter him! Please, if there is any resources u can refer me to, or a PDF copy I can deepen my knowledge on this argument, I'll be very glad to have it. My email address is kb4gis@gmail.com Thanks Sir
@@funnyclips2696 Hi. you may want to look into the attached resources in the description of the video. I understand why your supervisor opposed the use of One-way ANOVA for a Likert Scale data.
Hello sir, I need help for my college thesis. I am using Likert scale 1-Strongly Disagree, 2- Disagree 3- Agree, 4-Strongly Agree. Now my instructor wants to find computed x squared and p value through Pearson's r to either reject or accept my null hypothesis. One of my SOP is finding the significance between profile (gender, age, course and year) and thr factors pertaining to the perspective of graphic designers (which each section contains about 7-8 questions). How can I do Pearson's r with these?
Hi. Please contact me through my email: raffycee24@gmail.com
@@raffycee6403 Hello po Sir, I have almost the same question po sana. Pero yung nasa SOP namin at tinetest ay relationship between Perceptions and Experience about Cancel Culture. Yung research po namin ay Qualitative pakinggan pero Quantitative approach po ang ginawa namin since yung research po namin this sem ay about Quantitative research and our teacher said that we can approach it that way. We also utilized Strongly Agree-5, Agree-4, Neutral-3, Disagree-2, Strongly Disagree-1.
May Standard Deviation and Mean na po kami. Pinapahanap po sa amin yung r-value, degree of freedom, t-value and p-value to test the hypothesis.
Sa first factor, perceptions po about cancel culture, in terms of concept, purpose and consequences. Divided in 3 table, consisting 5 statements each.
Second factor is the Experience regarding cancel culture, it has two class po which are Self-Experience and Experience with Peers. Divided into 2 tables, 5 statement each.
Paano po kaya isosolve or paanong approach?
@@haukea3179 usually, ang ginagawa dyan is kinukuha yung average score ng lahat ng statement per factor. Then, you apply pearson correlation coefficient or spearman rank correlation coefficient to get the r/rho value and p-value. The r/rho value is the measure of relationship between the two variables whereas the p-value is used as basis for your decision rule (whether to reject Ho and accept Ha; or failed to reject Ho)
How. To. Interpret the data if we use interquartile
Same with standard deviation.
Hi sir. I created a 5 point- Likert Scale. I need to find a range po of the Likert Scale. Using this formula Highest Score for response- Lowest score for response divided by number of response.
(5-1)= 4
4÷5= 0.8 is the range of the Likert Scale po.
0.80- 1.80 Not Aware at All
1.81-.2.80 Slightly Aware
2.81- 3.80 Moderately Aware
3.81-4.80 Very Aware
4.81-5.00 Extremely Aware
Is this correct Sir in getting the range of the scales?
I saw another study sir. He also has a 5 point Likert Scale but instead of 0.80, it has ait started in 0.50. Like this:
0.50- 1.50 Not Aware at All
1.51- 2.50 Slightly Aware
and so on.
What formula did he possibly use? Hoping you can answer this question thank you.
I got
Hi Kyle. The first range of values you provided is the usual range that is being used in the Social Science researches that I've encountered so far. However, I haven't encountered the second one. Setting those values are arbitrary and has no basis, for me. While this is commonly used, I would suggest that you must be careful interpreting Likert scale that way. Again, whenever we decide something in our research, it should be based on evidence or logic.
Thank you for your video. It's useful. Could you provide me with the full references among the proponents who regard likert scale as interval or approximate ratio..
You can check the descriptions. Thanks.
sir, I have likert scale (1-5) for 29 questions , how do I analyze further ? Also it has to be done using ML so should I go for ordinal regression, or statistical test?
Hi Sarah. It depends on what perspective are you subscribing in. If you plan to use mean and standard deviation to describe your Likert Scale items, then you belong to the intervalist. If you plan to use Median and IQR, then you are an ordinalist. Both methods are "accepted" in the research community, at least in my case. All you need to do is to identify which of this perspective is applicable in your case. You may consider where you are planning to publish or present your research when deciding this.
Also, for your last question, what is your research objective? If you want to test whether there is a significant difference: then, perhaps, a significant difference test may suffice. Otherwise, regression may serve you well. You must consider the consider the objective/question that you want to answer when making this decision. Good luck!
@@raffycee6403 sir, I also have 3 demographic factors - type of parents(married/single),age and income . So based on these 3 demographic factors I want to analyze
1) Married/single responses toward the question asked
2) what age group responds how?
3) which income group is likely to agree/disagree the most or least .........basically more or less same quest for all 3 dependent variables
demographic factors would be dependent variables so I have 3 dependent (type-dichotomous (married, single),age(between 25 to 100) ,income (ordinal) and 29 independent variables(ordinal)
Do I need to do separate analysis on for all 3 dependent factors?
the 29 questions are further separeted into 3 categories 15-common , 6 for child and 8 for adolescent adoption related question
sir should I combine the 15 quest under common and likewise and make only 3 questions (i.e a summary of all common, all child related and all adolescent ,) instead of having 29 questions in my dataset?
Also which regression must I go for ?
@@sarahvaz4326 you might want to look into test of association (to check whether your demographic profile is associated with certain type of response) using chi-square test of association. Also, you need to have separate analysis for each factors, unless you are hypothesizing that there is an interaction between and among the demographics. If you think that there is an interaction, you might want to look at MANOVA for that.
As to combining the questions into summary questions, this is usually done in practice. Researchers tend to "combine" statements under an "indicator" to make a summary of the responses. You may do this as describe in the video.
As to what regression type you might want to use, if you are planning to know which among the demographics would most likely respond agree/disagree, then you may check logistic regression.. if you are planning to use the MANOVA, a regression with multiplicative term might be useful in your case.
@@raffycee6403 thankyou so much sir ! Just wanted to know another possibility - can I consider any 1 out of the 3 demographic factors a "Label" and run decision tree classifier for each and every response (single respondent )
@@sarahvaz4326 Well, technically, you can.. but my question there is: does it has a theoretical or practical reason to do so? If you're doing it for the sake of exploration, then it might be worthwhile.. but if you're doing it for the sake of doing it, then I think you might reconsider. I hope this help you with your decision.
H0- There is no significant impact of application security in UPI apps on customer satisfaction.
H1 - There is a significant impact of application security in UPI app on customer satisfaction.
i have collected data for both dependent and independent variable on 5 point likert scale like strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree and strongly dis agree. sir which test should i perform
Hi! What statistical treatment did you use for completing your study?
Pearson R
Sir... Can i use only likert scale without hypothesis testing for my college dissertation?
Hi! You can use Likert Scale even if you will not do hypothesis testing. Basically, its main objective is to quantify behaviors and perceptions of your respondents. With this, you can do statistical analyses on your data. I hope this helps you with dissertation.
@@raffycee6403 THANK YOU SIR... new sub here.
@@raffycee6403 thank you, that was also my question but no need any other analysis like correlation or others ?
@@greateview.4366 Yes, you may.
@@raffycee6403 Thank you, but the questionnaire is 5 point linear scale ordinal, is that pearsen or spearman correlation? thank you!
Hi sir! I used a 4 point likert scale for my study. Is it ok not to solve using t test, or any other statistical analysis methods? Just the mean.
Yes, you can
Hello sir. Do u accept emailed queries?
yes, i do. raffycee24@gmail.com
@@raffycee6403 - haha. Sorry, sir. We’re already on our next sem. Thank you tho
Good day po, sana mapansin niyo po itong comment ko..
ano po ang dapat gamitin namin sa statistical treatment po?
SOP po namin ( suggest po ng prof namin ito)
1. How may the respondents describe in terms of:
1.1 SEx
1.2 Year level, and
1.3. Strand?
2. What are the factors that affect the students' performance online class?
3. Is there a significant difference on the factors affecting the academic performance of the students in online class when they are grouped according to profile?
Our title po is " Factor affecting senior high school students' academic performance during online class"
Hypothesis po namin is - Null
Sana po mapansin. salamat po.
Hi Jah.. You may want to consider Frequency and Percentage for SOP1.
For SOP2, how are you planning to answer this? Do you have identified possible factors that may affect students' performance? If so, you may want to check regression analysis (multiple linear regression) for this.
For SOP3, this is not clear to me also. What are the possible factors that you are considering?
@@raffycee6403 hi sir! I have a similar question din po sana regarding what statistical treatment we should use in our research. Eto po yung sop namin
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 Age
1.2 Gender
1.3 Strand
2. What is the perceived level of stress in online distance learning among the respondents in terms of:
2.1 Teacher-related Factors
2.2 Home-related Factors
2.3 Student-related Factors
3. What are the coping mechanisms of the respondents in online distance learning?
4. Is there a significant difference between the perceived level of stress in online distance learning among the respondents when they are grouped according to profile?
5. Is there a significant difference between the coping mechanisms of the respondents in online distance learning when they are grouped according to profile?
Thank you po!
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"Lick"-ert, not "Like"-ert