The Wonder of Deep Sea Echinoderms
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 5 พ.ค. 2024
- Echinoderms come in countless shapes and sizes, but there are a few unique features that unite the 6,500 living species. Many adults of this phylum have 5-way radial symmetry; a pattern most prominent in the shape of the starfish. In addition, they have skeletons made up of interlocking calcium carbonate plates and spines called ossicles. This provides rigidity for their complex structures, making up the protective shell of urchins, or the column-like spine of crinoids. These skeletons are also the reason why fossils for echinoderms are so widespread and well-preserved, with some crinoid fossils being as old as 500 million years. Perhaps the most peculiar creatures of this phylum are the holothurians. Sea cucumbers, with their retractable feeding tentacles and tube feet around the mouth which they use to forage in the sea floor mud.
00:00 - An Introduction to Echinoderms
01:27 - The Structure of Echinoderms
02:01 - Ossicles Explained
02:35 - Holothurians Explained (Sea Cucumbers)
02:53 - The Swimming Sea Cucumber
04:21 - The Sea Pig of the Abyss
05:11 - The Role of Holothurians - Filter Feeding
05:28 - The Role of Holothurians - Bioturbation
05:49 - The Role of Holothurians - Symbiosis
05:55 - Symbiosis: Emperor Shrimps & Sea Cucumbers
06:10 - Symbiosis: Pearlfish & Sea Cucumbers
06:29 - Defensive Adaptations of Holothurians
07:10 - Starfish Explained
07:37 - The Crown-of-thorns Starfish
08:13 - The Consequences of Ecosystem Instability
08:24 - The Role of Sea Urchins - Maintaining Balance
08:59 - Brittle Stars Explained
09:30 - Basket Stars Explained
10:14 - Conclusion: The Importance of Echinoderms
DEEP SEA HUB: naturalworldfacts.com/deep-se...
Footage used is from various TH-cam sources, the BBC, Jonathan Bird's Blue World, MBARI, OceanX, NatGeo, the Ocean Exploration Institute and the Schmidt Ocean Institute, as well as other sources.
Music Used:
Relics by Ben Prunty (from the game Subnautica Below Zero)
Seductress by Francis Preve
Dark Walk by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: incompetech.com/
Lone Harvest by Kevin MacLeod is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. creativecommons.org/licenses/...
Source: incompetech.com/music/royalty-...
Artist: incompetech.com/
Crystal Caves by Ben Prunty
#deepsea #wildlife #nature #documentary #ocean #marinebiology #science #biology
Resources:
oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/okeano...
oceanconservancy.org/blog/201...
The baby crabs riding on the sea pigs was adorable.
True
I wish it went into this more
Yeah that was my favorite!
These are my favourite documentaries to watch because your voice and the soundtrack is so relaxing
Aww cheers!!
@@NaturalWorldFacts Have you considered doing documentary videos for space, as well?
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I agree.
The David Attenborough of TH-cam. I'm hoping to see many more videos from this wonderful channel.
The effect humans have on ocean biodiversity disturbs me. As an average person, it feels like a problem beyond my ability to control. Knowing that such fundamental forces are under threat is one thing, but knowing there isn't much one can do about it? It feels wrong in a deeper way.
🧠👍
I think the fastest way to reduce greenhouse gas effect is for whales to increase in population since when they eat krill in the night and excrete waste they release nitrite compounds and ammonia which enrich the krill population and those krill reproduce and increase their number repeating the cycle, trees that absorb 22kg of co² per year but a whale can store it in their bodies, 510kg of that per year but whales only reproduce after three years.
One day I'll try and swim near a whale when I'm in the ocean I've already got a snorkelling mask already PogU.👍
Wait I got that wrong here:
In death, whales carry the tons of carbon stored in their massive bodies down to rest on the seafloor, where it can remain for centuries. Whale excrement fertilizes the ocean, producing large phytoplankton blooms that absorb enormous amounts of carbon dioxide.
Thx cetaceans👍
As much despair as knowing that brings it gives all the more reason to cherish it before the inevitable.
it's a hyperobject. unfortunately there's not much an individual can do about it.
The most atmospheric channel, most brilliant video compositing, the serene voice-over...
Thanks so much :)
@@NaturalWorldFacts do you remember me. Sorry I changed my profile picture. and deleted my old comments I didn’t mean too
Sometimes I just lock my screen and listen to your voice while sleeping. You're one of the few reasons why TH-cam premium is worth it.
Aww thank you, that’s really nice to hear. I used to have this crappy ipod from the dawn of time - but the one upside was it was so old that TH-cam would keep on playing even with the screen off, so I’d listen to nature documentaries and clips from Attenborough shows on TH-cam while I slept. Hearing that my vids are now being used in that way is amazing 😁😁
i don’t understand how this one TH-camr with ~200k subs can create videos objectively better than National Geographic, BBC, ect ect.
Seriously every time i watch one of these videos it’s almost hypnotic with the visuals, music, his voice, the smooth-sleek editing that makes absorbing the information so much more enjoyable. Thank you so much for producing these videos man, i seriously think you could be the next David Attenborough.
And he is only 19 years old!!!
This is phenomenal work. He deserves every bit of praise!!!
Never stop what you're doing, even if you stray from making these glorious documentaries for the world to see, I hope you continue your journey in marine biology. Seeing these videos always brings me immense joy and excitement for my own time to explore the depths of the ocean, but also worried that I might not be able to due to destructive human activity. Nonetheless, thank you again for making a wonderful video, I look forward to the next!
I have no idea how this channel isn't bigger.
The way the floating crinoid moves through water is really creepy.
right bahah reminds me of spider legs and I've a huge fear of spiders lmao
It's like it wants to touch you 😂
fr, i'm scared of the ocean enough, i didn't need to see that!
Kkkk
I found it to be especially beautiful instead.
As a massive fan of sea cucumbers I cannot thank you enough for making such a well made video that sheds spotlight on them! They are FAR too cool and diverse to not be talked about as much, so thank you!!!!
Sea cucumber fans unite!!
Sea wieners
I hate those brown segmented cock lookin fuckers in shallow watee
Lmao I just pictured a sea cucumber , fanclub with tshirts
"Massive fan of sea cucumbers"
Uh huh, nice try, but we all know you're actually a sea cucumber using social media pretending to be a human.
Nature never fails to impress me, even this group that I was not that interested in as I am in others is facinating.
I love your videos and hope that the best happens to you, this channel and the planet.
I got to confess to you that every once in a while when I'm feeling down or doubtful about my studies, unmotivated most times, I turn toward places that feel hopeful and give me back some light. Your videos are one of those places. Even when, sometimes, they end on a kind of sad note like this one. Because although life on the oceans is deteriorating more and more, there's got to be something I can help with. So, thank you for that, Leo.
I love how your productions have gone from a kid's project to BBC level content
I saw that “hehehe”
I rewound the video a couple of times to check if it was in fact doing that… haha
i confuse, my brain too smol, pls explain
@Tahi Scandlyn 😉 our little secret
I hope the person who put the dislike put it by accident, is imposible to not like your videos.
@Image facts I wish I know how to read.
@Image facts Nice self-promotion
You'd BE surprised!
@Image facts Loser spammer! Reported!
The quality of these videos is astounding
Thank you so much :D
I think the “Relics” track title has been changed to “In Search of Familiar Harmonies” on the released OST. Thanks as always for these really cool videos, the Subnautica music just makes it so much better. :)
Simply beautiful 💖 Back to the good ol’times when there were still quality documentaries on tv.
Subnautica: Below Zero soundtrack, because of course! Excellent video btw, I'm in love with echinoderms now.
What else could I possibly use? 😉 these creatures are straight out of 4546B
me too!!!!
except the organs out of the anus part lol
You really are able to make anything in the ocean interesting
The delicate narration just gives me vivid flashbacks to an imax documentary about the ocean. I think I saw it at an aquarium? I don't remember, but it puts me there
Also rolling down in the deep
Awesome!
Hope you enjoyed!! :D
The combination of his voice, the soundtrack, the video, is perfect, very calming
Thanks so much for your commitment to bringing us such amazing content, man.
Love from Brazil (:
Cheers!! Greetings from London :D
I'm amazed! Didn't know the swimming sea cucumber and the sea pig. Loved it! Also liked to see the ecological interactions. Thanks for that. Amazing!!!
Cheers Igor!! Glad you enjoyed 😊
Oooh hell yeah, echinoderms are the best!! That was a great video as usual :D
The part on brittle stars was especially cool, those are my favourite echinoderms. You might find it cool that at the chalk fossil site I work at, over 30 different fossil brittle star species have been found. This diversity rivals that of brittle stars in the Mediterranean!
Also about the 5-way radial symmetry - there are sometimes genetic defects, where these echinoderms have instead a 4-way or a 6-way radial symmetry!
By the way, I've been really busy up until now, but I can't wait to catch up on your Marianas Trench video. :)
Hope your end of year exams went well, too!
Thanks so much Christian!! I have a couple of echinoderm fossils, and what astounds me is both the detail of them, and how close they resemble extant species today. Got any nuggets of info on their evolutionary history? If do let me know - hope you’ve been doing okay!
@@NaturalWorldFacts Yeah I've been doing well, just working to get a paper on crocodiles published. :)
You're absolutely right, echinoderms have gone through loads of changes, but many body plans you see today appeared millions of years ago.
The great thing about echinoderms is that their skeleton is made of easily-preservable calcium carbonate, which means they fossilise _really_ well. Thanks to this, we can record a long, 500-million-year old evolutionary history.
The orders we see today (brittle stars, sea urchins etc) don't represent all the echinoderm groups, some of them have gone extinct (for instance during a mass extinction event roughly 250 million years ago). Some of these disappeared orders include "mitrates", an enigmatic group of echinoderms that are thought to have crawled on the seafloor using their tail-like appendage. Mitrates are known for instance from some truly spectacular fossils from Germany: www.fossilmuseum.net/Fossil_Sites/Bundenbach/Rhenocystis-latipedunculata/Rhenocystis.htm
A tidbit of info closer to what I study, the chalk cliffs in Denmark I study have such abundant echinoderms that they represent roughly half of the entire fauna...
How have I never stumbled across this channel before?!? I hope you blow up and get a billion subs.
Thanks so much Sean :)
your voice is so incredibly soothing!! i am so glad I found your channel, I love to put your videos on while I study, they've really helped me study and relax at the same time. you are awesome!
That’s so sweet of you, thanks!!!
I am SO addicted to your Deep Sea videos. Your soundtrack is appropriate. Your narration is informative and not even ONE mispronunciation and OH SO SOOTHING. All that AND such incredible footage! WOW! 😮
Love the subtle reverb on the narration. Sets you guys apart for sure!
Here to give an obligatory thank you for the wonderful work. Looks like you have your path figured out. Keep it up dude!!
The narrators voice is so calming it's like listening to a bedtime story! Great video.
Man this channel really is one of the best out there, its so peaceful and enjoyable.
I love watching this before bed. Its relaxing.
You're doing a great job with every single one of your videos! Keep up the great work!
I love your channel! You're really doing great things by shining a spotlight on the lesser known but no less important parts of our environment. 💙
Woah dude ive been off yt for a while now but its cool to sea that your channel has grown so much! I remember commenting on one of your video’s when you had like average 5k views, look at you go man wooow
I've been binge watching these mini documentaries for 2 days now
Sooooo fascinating, informative.. and relaxing! Another fabulous little documentary.. thanks so much 🤗👏
Incredible quality! I'm subscribing on the first video I've seen, rather than waiting for three or more videos!
cant wait to watch your other vids. Great job!
I have watched all your videos and I come back everyday cause watching it again and again makes it easier to memorize...keep it up your videos are one of a kind and sooner or later your channel will get the recognition it deserves
i just found your channel but i am loving it so far! your voice is so relaxing and the topics are so cool. keep up the amazing work!
Wow I just found your channel and its amazing. I see that you´ve been grinding youtube for 8 years, if you keep this kind of quality that I´ve seen in your latest videos your channel is bound to be huge!
Great video and very informative as always! I've never seen a brittle star swim like that before - so cool!!
I love your videos. They're so high quality omg. Thank you ♥️
This particular òrater is a wonderful speaker! Some of the videos out there, aren't factual AND the video orators aren't professionals. This person has had excellent training..... their annunciation and pronunciation of scientific names, flows beautifully! Not only that, but the vidiography is astounding! KUDOS! 🦜🦜
Beautiful footage and and a fitting voice. Really like ur Videos
Finally my exam is over so I can watch these videos more freely! Excellent job as always!
Welcome back, my good man. I'm expecting more excellent videos per your standard.
One of the best channels of I've ever subscribed to. What an amazing source for education and information on the deep sea. Thank you
Ayy thank you :)
Your videos are just absolutely brilliant to watch. Mesmerizing! Thank you.
I love these videos. Your voice... Is perfection for listening. And super interesting too!
Your videos are so satisfying and relaxing, especially your voice. Also it is very noticable that you put a LOT of time & effort to create such high quality content videos. I hope you gain more subscribers because you deserve it!! 💙
Absolutely love the Subnautica music! Also your voice is super smooth aha
Your videos calm me and put me at ease when I watch them I love learning about these deep sea creatures
Your voice makes the video 10x better, along with the amazing quality of this video 😚
Really happy I found this channel. Nothing like moist bois explained to help cheer me up.
Every video a revelation =D Great work, keep it up!
Still impressed that you put this together on your own, very well done
Awesome vid I love your videos. I wish you covered crinoids more in this doc but that's ok
I love this channel and the many videos about the deep sea,and now this video is one I like the most,and hope y'all had a good day.
Good job man. Another amazing narration to an amazing video
I love watching these videos by this channel because his voice is so relaxing and its so much interesting content.
My new favorite channel cheers for this my friend
I absolutely adore this channel, and I think it’s probably the best marine documentary channel on TH-cam, but can I make a suggestion about the voice over? I would turn down the size, decay, and mix of the reverb on your voice; a voice over should sound like it’s being spoken in a room, not an infinite void, you know? Still though, love your channel!
I learned so much from this video. This channel is a gold mine of deep sea knowledge. :D
You are our new favorite narrator. Very good videos. Keep it up.
Very educational. The information on the echinoderms was fascinating.
Your channel is blowing up and honestly you deserve it. Great job, I get so comfy listening to this.
By the way, is this channel a solo project? Or is there more people behind the videos?
You are growing quick! Very nice to see😊👍
Cheers :)
This's AWESOME VIDEO man
GREAT job
Arguably the best channel on yt.
So happy I found this channel!!
Absolutely amazing. The information is incredible
U my man r awesome..keep up the top content..nice
Man,your vids are just the best
I love the narrator’s voice! Very atmospheric. And great video quality.
Great as always!
This channel is the sea star of the youtube deep sea! Amazing content
Found another channel to binge watch.
Your voice is nice btw.
thanks for making these videos; i love them
No worries, thanks for watching :)
Heyyyyyyyyy, Subnauitca music at the end! Great video as always.
All of the other music is from the sequel
I love this stuff, thank you so much
Excellent work as always!
Another banger as usual 🙌
So interesting! But also I find them kind of nightmarish 😅
Eyy best channel just uploaded
Thanks 😊
ASMR oceanic short docs lol. Love your content :-)
every day for the last two weeks this video has been in my feed
yooo that’s so cool you brought up the crown of thorns, when i first started diving you could see crown of thorns everywhere and the dive masters often put them in a bag to be put somewhere a little further than the reefs for fear that all the corals would be bleached. I always felt bad for em eheh so i’m glad to see some nuance :D
Amazing channel, With Spanish subtitles it would be great
Saludos desde Colombia, me encantó tu canal!
It’s always a good day when I see this channel upload
😊😊
Awesome documentary as always.
another absolute banger. i love you
Heyy :D Great video brother
I love basket stars because some species are so beautifully elaborate. Another, holothurian is the crinoid that has to hold some kind of record for species longevity, since they reach back to Cambrian. I'm blown away by the variety and sheer tenacity and the ability of deep-sea species to survive and thrive at such depths. Amongst holothurians, sea pig just looks cute (i also loves that it protects baby king crabs) and others, like the Spanish dancer, are just so beautiful and ethereal. It shows, contrary to what scientists once believed, wherever life can exist, it does.
It is sad to see how humans have carelessly made life almost impossible for many species everywhere, many not realising that as we cause species to go extinct, the richness and abundance of the natural world is diminished by their loss. In some cases, like the threatened existence of plankton, that loss puts our own survival at risk. I remember my father telling me that the great rainforests are the lungs of the planet, but I think that it is the plankton which can rightfully claim that title. They produce half the oxygen on earth, so if we manage to render them extinct, we, along with anything else that needs oxygen, will be in big trouble.
an amazing documentary! :D
Comfy watching this along with your other documentary, reminds me of the nature doc/series that aired on Animal Planet called "Tales of Nature" and it really has that same quality.
i love this, thank you! ☺️❤️
Hello! Your videos are fantastic and the narration is wonderful! I am also an aspiring naturalist sharing the wonders of the deep sea from a exploration vessel in the Mariana Trench. I am always worried about using footage collected from anywhere but, my vessel. Have you had any copyright issues or, has it been fine because you site where the footage comes from in your description? I am desperate to know. Thank you for making these entertaining and educational videos. Keep up the great work :)!