Hi, everyone! I hope you like the video! Don't forget to check out the recommended course ▶Turkish Uncovered: bit.ly/TurkishUncovered ▶Or you can view the Uncovered courses for ALL languages here: bit.ly/Uncovered-ALL-languages Those are affiliate links, so any purchase you make helps support Langfocus (at no extra cost to you).
Could you go over some Ancient Languages - for example Minoan Linear A script seems to have been cracked by examination against Carian and Old Hungarian.... This might be a good tack for your channel to take on. It would probably be more difficult as there are no current speakers, however the decipherment of older languages is tracked back by comparison to known existing languages and scripts....
@@Langfocusits sad you did not talk about our other past tense. We have a "gossip past tense" that is hard to explain but basically means that you got the information in the sentece from someone else. İt's easier to show in sentences Ahmet eve gitmiş(it seems like ahmet has went home) Ahmet eve gitti(Ahmet went to home) We show this by putting "-mış/miş" to the end of a verb.
Very informative video indeed, thank you :) A question came to my mind, how about the word [For rent] meaning Kiralık in Turkish. I always wondered why it is not pronounced Kiralik ..
I can testify to this as a native Turkish speaker, other way around though. Back in the day I had taken a very elementary level Japanese course and without almost any exception everybody in the class was surprised and happy to find out how identical Japanese and Turkish were 😊
As a fluent japanese and native Turkish yeah, only sentence order is same but grammar is quite different and vocabulary will be hard for you if u aim to learn turkish. My japanese level N2 btw
The Hungarian language is the most important source for reconstructing the West Old Turkic language spoken west of the Ural in the 5th-12th centuries. The study by Arpad Berta and Andras Rona-Tas deals with the etymology of about 500 Hungarian words which are or may be of Old Turkic, in some cases of Middle Turkic origin. The Hungarian-Turkic contacts began in the 5th century and lasted a long period. The earliest loanwords were copied from a Western Old Turkic idiom; the latest loanwords were borrowed from the language of the Cumans who settled down in Hungary in the first half of 13th century. The authors excluded the Ottoman words from the corpus. In all cases the authors give the etymology of the Turkic word, the reconstructed copied form, the form as adapted by the Hungarian language and the history of the word. The detailed introduction focuses on the former research, the historical setting and the technical framework. In the concluding chapters the authors reconstruct the Ancient Hungarian language at the time of the Turkic-Hungarian contacts and outline the structure of the West Old Turkic language. A bibliography and several indices help the reader to use the book. West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian, László Károly András Róna-Tas, Árpád Berta, László Károly
The Hungarian word árpa was borrowed from a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries), from Proto-Turkic *arpa.[5][6][4] The Hungarians cohabited for centuries with Turkic people, which accounts for over 10% word roots in modern Hungarian being Turkic. In Hungarian, most pastoral terms are Turkic in origin, and agricultural terms are 50% r-Turkic. Many Hungarian names, and also animal and plant names,[7] are of Turkic origin, and the majority of tribe names were of Turkic origin.[8]Turkic is, along with Uralic, German and Slavic, one of the four languages that have the greatest percentage of word roots in the Hungarian language. However, the Magyars are not a Turkic people, though the Turks made a genetic and linguistic contribution.[9][10]
So if I understand it correctly, the way to say there is/ there isn't is basically the same in both languages Can any linguist explain how that happens only through contact when they are not related?
I don't know why, but the way how Turkish (and Turkic) grammar works and how mechanical and logical its agglutination is brings me immense satisfaction as for a programmer. There's some almost mathematical or physical feeling to it - well-defined and clear rules by which the word parts operate and join together.
You are not alone: Nicholas Negroponte, the founder and the director of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Media Laboratory and the author of the 1995 bestseller Being Digital, just said what you wrote. He especially lauded the precision of Turkish pronounciation and said Turkish would be an ideal universal medium.
That's what happens when someone has balls to reform a language, introduce rules, make everything behave the same. Instead of carrying all the legacy exceptions for everything.
Linguists' opinions on Turkish Grammar Prof. David Cuthell : “I know many foreign languages. Among these languages, Turkish is such a different language that it is as if a hundred high mathematics professors came together to create Turkish. A dozen words are produced from one root. Turkish is such a language that it is a language of emotion, thought, logic and philosophy in itself.” ------------------- Max Müller “Even reading a Turkish grammar is a real pleasure, even if he hasn’t had the slightest desire to speak and write Turkish. Those who hear the skillful style in the mods, the compliance with the rules that dominate all the shots, the transparency seen throughout the productions, the marvelous power of the human intelligence that shines in the language will not fail to be amazed. This is such a grammar that we can watch the inner formations of thought in it, just as we can watch the formation of honeycombs in a crystal… The grammatical rules of the Turkish language are so orderly and flawless that a committee of linguists, an academy, approves this language. It is possible to think that it is a language made with consciousness. ----------------------------- Prof. Dr. Johan Vandewalle;, now I have learned about 50 languages . After learning languages with very different systems, the language that I still admire the most, the language that I find most logical and mathematical is Turkish.” johan Vandewalle (The text is written by him. It is written by him in Turkish.) “…I think that a native Turkish speaker thinks in short sentences, and when speaking, he builds complex structures by connecting these short sentences in various ways. This "tendency to connect sentences" can be weak in some speakers, and strong in others, almost to the extent of a disease. The linguistic structures that emerged in this last situation reflect the superior possibilities of the human mind in the best way. Although I have studied many languages belonging to different language groups, I can say that I have never come across a structure that fascinates me as much as complex sentence structures in Turkish. If you let me be a little sentimental, I sometimes say to myself, “I wish Chomsky had learned Turkish when he was younger too…”. I'm sure then modern linguistics would have been shaped according to Turkish, not English…” ------------------ *Receiving the Babylonian World Award, Belgium's Ghent University Center for Eastern Languages and Cultures, Dr. Johann Van De Walle explains why he is interested in Turkish today: “Turkish can be learned in a very short time. The rules in chess are logical, simple and few in number. Even a seven-year-old can learn to play chess. Despite this convenience, the person playing chess does not get bored throughout his life. The game possibilities are endless. It is a very magical feature that the same situation exists in the Turkish grammar system. Turkish grammar is a language that has a regular and unexceptional character almost as much as mathematics. -------------- Paul Roux: "Turkish is a mathematical language full of thought and intellect." *Moliere: "Turkish is language to be admired; you can express a great deal by a few words." *French Turcologist Jean Deny : "The Turkish language suggests that it was formed as a result of the consultation and discussion of an elite committee of scholars. Turkish verbs have such a peculiarity that they cannot be found in any of the Arian languages. This feature is the power to form new words with affixes”. Jean Deny *Herbert W. Duda:“Turkish, which expresses all thoughts and feelings in the most perfect way, has such a rich vocabulary that everyone admires this language and accepts it as the most perfect scientific language.'”. *Herbert Jansky: “Turkish language is an extremely rich and easy-to-understand, easy-to-learn scientific language in terms of vocabulary, phonetics, orthography, syntax and vocabulary.” ** page 257 in book (The Science of Language by Max Müller in 1861) It is a real pleasure to read a Turkish grammar, even though one may have no wish to acquire it practically. The ingenious manner in which the numerous grammatical forms are brought out, the regularity which pervades the system of declension and conjugation, the transparency and intelligibility of the whole structure, must strike all who have a sense of that wonderful power of the human mind which has displayed itself in language. Given so small a number of graphic and demonstrative roots as would hardly suffice to express the commonest wants of human beings, to produce an instrument that shall render the faintest shades of feeling and thought;-given a vague infinitive or a stern imperative, to derive from it such moods as an optative or subjunctive, and tenses as an aorist or paulo-post future;-given incoherent utterances, to arrange them into a system where all is uniform and regular, all combined and harmonious;-such is the work of the human mind which we see realized in “language.” But in most languages nothing of this early process remains visible. They stand before us like solid rocks, and the microscope of the philologist alone can reveal the remains of organic life with which they are built up. In the grammar of the Turkic languages, on the contrary, we have before us a language of perfectly transparent structure, and a grammar the inner workings of which we can study, as if watching the building of cells in a crystal bee-hive. An eminent orientalist remarked “we might imagine Turkish to be the result of the deliberations of some eminent society of learned men;” but no such society could have devised what the mind of man produced, left to itself in the steppes, and guided only by its innate laws, or by an instinctive power as wonderful as any within the realm of nature.
@@baris-icin-savas Arabic is like that too, but Arabic real problem is vastness of vocabulary. You can easily pull out an Arabic word that average Arabic speaker does not know. I did not find that in English, and I guess no other language.
The word for the color Turquoise comes from french meaning "turkish" . Because of the beautiful blue ceiling of a mosque made in Istambul that french tourists and merchants would admire a lot
Turkuaz in Türkçesi GÖK RENGİ, GÖKÇE, GÖĞE BENZER RENK, MAİ, SU RENGİ MAVİ... Allah in KURSİ si gökleri kuşatir... ayetine benzer Allah a GÖK TAN RI denilmiş... Bundan dolayı eski Türk bayrağı gök benizli renklidir, Gök Bayrak... Türkiye bayrağı ise savaslarla al kanlara bulanmış Al Bayrak olmuştur...
some scholars i read said it comes from the flag/banner turkic people used to carry in 6th century it's sky blue on the background (like the kazakhstan's flag now) but had a light green wolf in the middle in the 6th century a.d. . so seeing it from afar looked like the turqouise colour. seljuks, the first turks to inhabit anatolia, and who were the ones the french and other western europeans saw for the first time during the crusades had banners the same colour as it. only difference was they had tughrul, a two headed eagle-like bird instead of a wolf in the middle.
I learned Turkish a year ago from Duolingo and it was super easy. This is because my native tongue is Western Armenian, and I noticed that both languages are using the same syntax 95% of the time. I’ve also learned Ottoman Turkish! I can also read in Gökturkish. Türkçe ilginç bir dildir. Türk arkadaşlarıma selamlar! تركجه ايلگينچ بر ديلدر. تورك آرقداشلرمه سلاملر!
I am a Qazaq speaker. Turkish might have been unintelligible at first, but the similarities in syntax, morphology, and some vocabulary were always evident. With very little study, a Qazaq speaker can get to understand Türkçe much faster than others. What I admire about the language is how consistent it is. It was the first Turkic language to truly break away from another language's shadow, and the reforms of 1933 did an amazing job at cementing its features and making it wholly independent and self-sufficient. Other Turkic languages are struggling from Russian or Chinese dominance to this day, which is a shame.
I'm learning Turkish, as a Hungarian I can find similarities between the two languages. The way of thinking, the logic of the Turkish language is very familiar. Of course there are difficulties too. But for a Hungarian, who never learned any languages before, the Turkish, as a first foreign language would be very easy.
@@Jazzgin I don't think learning Hungarian would be easy for Turkish speakers cuz I've heard Hungarian is a very difficult language plus we have only 5 cases but Hungarian has around 16-17 cases, so I think it is easier for Hungarians to learn Turkish than for Turks to learn Hungarians
Fun Fact: Gagauz and Azerbaijani(modern version of Ajem-Turkic) are also over 90% mutually intelligible with Modern Turkish due to descending from common medieval language aka Old Anatolian Turkish.
@@ScienceLover234 as a Turkish person from Türkiye I can confirm or at least say that we are mixed with Anatolian people, we don't look a lot like our relatives in Central Asia. But it's not much of a deal because we consider ourselves Turks in nationality, race is not important . Also, pre-Turkic Anatolian heritage is not wiped out it is still part of our culture.
But yeah we speak Turkish if that's what you mean by assimilation. I would actually say that we (people of different etnicities in Anatolia and Turks) are united under this language.
Actually, last year a new inscription was found in the Ötüken region in Mongolia that is thought to be about İlteriş Kutluk Kağan, which predates the Orkhon Inscriptions, and is the oldest known inscription of the Turkic language with the word Turk in it to be found to date.
It's amazing how similar Turkish looks to my native Hungarian. Your examples were very straightforward and logical to me. Maybe I should start learning Turkish?! 😆
@@EEK19 Hungarians are Uralic but due to their historical ties with Turkic tribes like Cumans, Pechenegs, Oghurs, Kabars who were incorporated into the Hungarian nation there are various commonalities that link them to Turks such as the masculine name Attila, the mythological bird Turul, and most importantly linguistic influences
I’m from Uzbekistan and i can clearly understand Turkish maybe like 80% 85% Özbekistandan salamlar bolsun, yashasin bütün türk dünyasi 🇺🇿🇹🇷🇹🇲🇰🇬🇰🇿🇦🇿🐺 Biz bir millatmiz
I'm a native speaker. We call sayings in Turkish "atasözü" (plural "atasözleri"). Ata means father in Old Turkic but also means ancestor in general. Söz means word or saying. So atasözleri literally means "sayings of ancestors". Here's an atasözü: "Güzeli güzel yapan edeptir, edep güzeli sevmeye sebeptir." Translation: "What makes a beautiful person beautiful is manners, and manners are the reason for loving a beautiful person." Here the word "güzel" both mean beautiful as adjective, but also means beautiful person or more probably a woman. And there is rhyming between "edeptir" (is manners) and "sebeptir" (are the reason). Unlike English manners, edep is a singular word. There are many sayings about beautiful women (güzel) in Turkish, many are also parts of our old folk songs, namely "türküler" (singular "türkü"). Here's another: "El elden üstündür." Translation: "The hand is superior than the (other) hand." or "A person is superior than (other) person." Turkish word "el" both means "hand" and "stranger", or anyone that you don't know (El also has a third meaning, a country. But I don't think el means country in this particular atasözü). Meaning is quite simple, no matter how talented and skillful you are at something, someone else will beat you. So you should not boast about your skills and instead be modest. Here's another atasözü that's also related to those concepts: "Bükemediğin eli öpeceksin." Translation: "You should kiss the hand that you couldn't twist." Think of wrestling, you try to twist your opponent's hand to incapacitate them. But if you can't do that so your opponent is superior, you should accept your defeat and congratulate them (by kissing their hand and accepting their superiority). This is the general meaning. So it's like saying GGWP unironically at the end of a game you lose. Here's the last one: "Kurtla kuzuyu yiyip, çobanla oturup ağlar." Translation "He/she eats the sheep with the wolf, then cries with the shepherd." I think the meaning is understandable without explanation. This is a saying about hypocrite people. They will do stuff that is deteriorating for some people, but later still act like they are on their side.
Native English speaker that learned Turkish as their second-ish language (i think my second is really French from throughout grade school, but i didn't become fluent until after i learned Turkish so idk). i gotta say, my impression is that Turkish is an excellent gateway language. Its pronunciation is simple and consistent enough to pick up quickly, but complicated enough with its agglutination and vowel harmony to shake you out of your own linguistic context and force you to notice more about how languages are constructed and categories defined. But amazingly, as you wrap your head around it, you realize how those rules somehow distill any concept or detail you need to communicate into a single letter, making speech concise (agglut.) and easy (harmony). What's more, as mentioned in the video and other comments, Turkish increases widely variating degrees of mutual intelligibility with dozens of languages in several different linguistic families. It's just a little extra boon to finding familiarity in new languages, because the mutual intelligibility is fairly specific. Etiquette and bureaucratic words (among other household items and religious observances) from Arabic, modern science jargon and technology words (among other household items) from French; but as pointed out by others, some syntactical features such as word order from Korean, Japanese, and some northern Chinese dialects. i'd add that agglutination and specifically compound nouns also work quite similar to some Germanic languages as well. i can't speak for South Asian or Slavic/Cyrillic languages, except that there are a few cognates shared between Turkish and Bosnian. Point is, those languages in turn will share many features with other languages, so you may have just a little bit more familiarity and an easier time with branching out in several different directions depending on your interests/needs. It's a really cool and super gorgeous language, and I love how Turkish phrases can fold and unfold themselves depending on how much detail is needed, as well as create ample opportunity for creative experimentation with word and suffix order due to all the nuances that come from having the emphasis and focus of a sentence/word near the end of it (and omg Turkish literature 😍). If nothing else, not a lot of people outside Turkic countries seem to pick up the language at all, so it can be a handy thing to know to make you that little bit more indispensable in some office, government, customer service, and non-profit occupations. Fantastic language to learn, 8/10 (while also largely consistent, its agglutinative rules and nuances will bamboozle you for many years)
@@elturco69 you are confused. It is not because our language is too different, it is because or education system is sht and students are too lazy. That's it.
@@mehmeterciyas6844 i speak turkish english and french and i can say its bc language is different if u would teach turkish people japanese or chinese they would learn those languages tok easy like how westerns learn european languages so yes its because languages are different just like how english people see chinese turk people see the english in the same way
Teşekkürler. Turkish is one of the best languages. What Im gonna say might come weird but: It is hard to learn, easy to master. And words are read as they are written so there is zero pronunciation problems. Thanks for the vid mate.
I learned Tatar at school. I wasn't very interested in it, and I have forgotten most it since graduating, but it's incredible how similar it is to Turkish. No wonder that some friends of mine who migrated to Turkey never had problems adapting to the language
Because we speak the same language as them, Turkish. Turkish is a Kipchak dialect spoken only in Tatarstan. In Turkey, the Oghuz dialect of Turkish is spoken.
@@heavenlymilano Not two languages, but two different dialects. We are the same nation with different dialects of the same language (Oguz, Kipchak and Karluk).
@@alihanhaydar8369 hshshshshajxq herhalde Türkçe yurtdışında öğrenmesi çok popüler bir dil olmadığından millet öğrenen birilerini görünce gaza geliyor.
As a native Azerbaijani speaker, learning Turkish for me wasn't hard at all. Azerbaijanis don't even need to learn any grammar or vocabulary. We just watch Turkish TV series. A few months of watching is enough to fully understand and speak Turkish.
Oh come on 😂, you are fellow Turk, you absolutely no need to learn Turkish , you are just familiarizing yourself with different dialect of your own language
@@nnn3388But we don't speak Turkish. Our Language is Azerbaijani came from Ancient Oghuz Turkic like Turkish did as well. My point is that Modern Azerbaijani language isn't a dialect of Anatolian turkish.
Me the same with uzbek my friend❤😂. I can already understand a lot when people talk uzbek. Let me live their for only 1 week (max 2 weeks) and I am 100% sure I will be fluent. The accent might be a problem tho. We turkish people don't tend to have that strong slavic accent and the pronunciation might be difficult but nothing impossible. And the persians words that the uzbek language has (a lot more than us) might be a problem. Since we turkish people have 2 words for one thing. Çağır (turkish) and çimen (persian) for grass [only for an example] it might be easy depending on what words you use. [The turkic or the persian one] The same is with Arabic. Most of the loan words we have are actually not needed but we use it anyway. Anyway, I really wish to visit Uzbekistan one day! Sizi seviyorum gardaşlarım!
Merhaba arkadaş Biraz Türkçe biliyorum 🇹🇷 I am Romanian 🇷🇴 from Cluj-Napoca but made a lot of Turkish friends and I'm learning the language now Türkçe çok kolay 👌🏻 haha hayır Türkçe güzel ama zor Got a couple good friends Ilgit ve Mustafa who live in Eskişehir,Ilgit said if I go there I can stay at her place
@@Paul20661 Öncelikle "Mersi" fransız kökenli bir sözcük olduğu için "Teşekkürler" veya "Sağol" deseydin daha iyi olurdu ama yine de iyi yaptın. Sonracığıma bizim Türk kezbanı Ilgıt'a bak sen, elin Romanya'lı erkeğine gelirsen bende kalabilirsin diyor. ŞİMDİ ORADA DUR BAKALIM. Umarım ki hükümetimiz Ilgıt'a ve onun hain planlarına "HOOP burada dur" diyecektir. Güzel ülkemde bu kadar abaza dururken sen nereye kalkıp da adam ithal ediyosun? Tövbee...
As a native speaker, I would like to mention a very interesting feature of Turkish (as far as i know) that is not found in any other language: witnessing. This is a feature that occurs in the past tense conjugation. There are two types of past tenses in Turkish, the past tense with "miş" and the past tense with "di". It means that you did not witness an event that took place in the past tense with "miş". When you make a sentence with the past tense with "di", however, it is understood that that event is take place with your witness. For example: "Postacı mektup getirdi" and "Postacı mektup getirmiş" both are translated into English as "the postman brought a letter" - with a loss of meaning. However, from the sentence "Postacı mektup getirdi", it is understood that you witnessed that the postman brought a letter. From the sentence "Postacı mektup getirmiş", it is understood that you did not witness the postman bringing a letter and you saw the letter when you came home or you were informed about the event by someone else. More interesting one is "Postacı mektup getirmişti." sentence. From this sentence it can be understood that the postman brought a letter. You (the person i am talking with) did not witness this. I've witnessed it and I'm telling you this. There is also a different form used mostly in informal sentences, "Postacı mektup getirmişmiş". It can be understood from this sentence: he/she said that the postman brought a letter. I did not witness. He/she says he/she witnessed it. Most likely he/she is lying and the postman didn't bring any letters. The interesting thing is that all the sentences I gave above are translated into English as "the postman brought a letter". This feature is already applied to all other tenses. You can think of a tense construct as the plain stand-alone version of the witnessed and the version with the attachment "miş" as not witnessed: "Postacı mektup getirecek". In this case, you directly have the information that the postman will bring the letter and you are sure. "Postacı mektup getirecekmiş". In this case, someone else gave you the information that the postman would bring the letter. Until recently, you did not have this information. "Postacı mektup getiriyor" "Postman is bringing a letter now" in this case, you directly accessed the information about the postman bringing the letter. It's like you saw the postman coming, or he called you and said he was bringing a letter. "Postacı mektup getiriyormuş", in this case, someone else gave you the information that the postman is bringing a letter.
This feature is not unique to Turkish. It's called evidentiality and it's present in a wide array of languages, particularly in native languages of South America. They often have complicated systems of evidentiality where they can distinguish between direct information, inference, and hearsay. German can do something similar with modal verbs, for instance: "Der Postbote hat den Brief gebracht." - the postman has delivered the letter; I know for certain. "Der Postbote wird den Brief gebracht haben." - I'm guessing the postman has delivered the letter, or I have inferred it from other information. "Der Postbote soll den Brief gebracht haben." - Other people have told me he has delivered the letter, I know it from hearsay. "Der Postbote muss den Brief gebracht haben." - Based on other factors, I can only logically conclude that the postman has delivered the letter. Though Turkish is the only 'big' language that systematically employs evidentiality I know of and it is a pretty cool feature.
We have different tenses for the German examples you gave in addition to evidential tense. Der Postbote wird den Brief gebracht haben(Postacı mektubu getirmiş olacak/The mailman will have delivered the letter) Der Postbote muss/soll den Brief gebracht haben (Postacı mektubu getirmiş olmalıydı/The mailman must have brought the letter) But exclusive to Turkish we have: Postacı mektubu getir(miş) which would mean “I’ve been told that the mailman had brought the letter.”
@@InfiniteBeach101ede Almanlar onun için Plusquamperfekt kullanıyorlar, ayrıca bu kullanım başka dillerde de bulunuyor. Türkçeye özel değil der Postbote hatte den Brief gebracht / postacı mektubu getirmiş
@@InfiniteBeach101 burda ekstra "olmak" yardımcı fiili ekleniyor ama. türkçede bunu ek fiil ile sağlıyoruz, farkı o. geniş zamanın hikayesi(gelirdi), gelecek zamanın rivayeti(gelecekmiş) gibi bir sürü farklı varyasyonu aynı ekleri farklı sıralarda ekleyerek sağlayabiliyoruz. türkçenin alametifarikası da bu bence: birçok farklı nüansı tek kelime ile verebilmek. almancada buna benzer plusquamperfekt var sanırım, o sadece miş'li geçmişin hikayesini kapsıyor.
That's OK. The vowel harmony is hard for non-native speakers but don't worry people will still understand you if you say the ending of the word softly.
Turkish is not an easy language and I am saying this as a native speaker. English is much simpler in my opinion. My foreign friends who live in Turkey learned Turkish incredibly fast. I think it is related to the fact that they were surrounded with Turkish speakers and had opportunity to practise it. I guess practice helps.
I like the word of "Uzay". It means space and this word comes from "uzamak" that means stretching and I think this word has an amazing different sense as for that word of space or outer space
@ Haydar Ari _ There are many similar examples in the Turkish language, which always fascinate me. For example, the Turkish word "güvey", which means "bridegroom", is unknown to many Turks, or they don't know what it means. If I said "damat" , which is originally a persian word, every Turk would understand the meaning of the Turkish word "güvey". But if I were to add the Turkish phrase/idiom "kendi kendine gelin güvey oluyorsun", every Turk would also understand the meaning of the word "güvey". Or the Turkish word "ic güveysi" (meaning: son-in-law who lives with the family of his wife). The original word in the Turkish language for "bridegroom" is not "damat", but actually "güve/güvey" and it comes from the Turkish word "güvenmek", which means something like "trust". The deeper meaning of this word "güve/güvey" is that the Turkish language equates the "güvey", so the "bridegroom", with "trust" or "entrust" (entrust the bride). Exactly this deeper meaning in the word itself, is what fascinates me. footnote: Definition of ""gelin güvey olmak"" in English: "make illusions" "reckon without one's host" "to build castles in Spain" "enjoy happy daydreams" "to count one's chickens before they're hatched"
Those who are interested in learning Turkish: yes it might seem complicated but when you learn the rule once, you can apply it to all. Because it is strictly systematic without any exception.
I'm an American who has been living in Turkey for one year now and am natively bilingual in English and Arabic. The Turkish vocabulary isn't too difficult for me, but the grammar feels like a giant puzzle that I'm [mostly!] enjoying piecing together. But one of the great things I noticed about Turks is that they seem to be patient and good listeners and I wonder if that is due to the way their language is constructed - one must pay attention until the end to know the point being made, so it doesn't make sense to interrupt in the middle of the sentence 😅
Yeah you made a great assumption! Due to the verbs being at the end of the sentences, for example, who did what? question gets answered with the word that at the end of the sentence, so you have to wait to hear to the end of the sentence, but it's not the case always. In formality, yes we have SOV rule, but not in daily life. Basically you can say I went to the cafe to drink coffee which translates to Kahve içmeye kafeye gittim , the verb "gitmek -> gittim(past tense)" at the end of the sentence, but you can say these too which all have the same meaning: Kafeye gittim kahve içmeye, Gittim kafeye kahve içmeye, Kahve içmeye gittim kafeye, Kafeye kahve içmeye gittim etc. and all these sentences doesn't sound wrong to us. Pretty weird when you think about it 😂
Each language has its own system and logic structure. This affects the way people think. There is a very nice proverb in Turkish that explains this. "one language one person" So the more languages you know, the more you think differently.
I am a Turk, and I don't think we are good listeners. You can think like that because of the special language system of Turkish. I mean we have to listen to the speaker at the end of the speech to understand the point of the matter.
6:15 this just blew my mind. In hungarian, we have the word "vásár" (meaning market) and "vasárnap" (meaning sunday, but it also means market-day) ("nap" meaning day) from this perspective the words pazar and vásár seem similar. We also have the word pazar but it means magnificent or profuse or luxurious. So we do have something in common. We also have the word "bazár" meaning the same thing az bazaar but "vásár" is more commonly used.
@@shinydewott That is very likely. OOOOR it might be something waaay back from Bashkiria or something because hungarian and turkic tribes were in contact more than once before settling in europe.
@@kavics98 Considering the word Pazar came to us from Persian, I doubt the word spread to the Hungarian/Uralic from Turkish before the Seljuks(where the Iranian-Turkish interaction really took off), and at that point Arpad had already taken over the Carpathians.
As a non-speaker and a non-learner of Turkish, after this video I find that Turkish is a very interesting language and it doesn't seem too hard to learn. As you said at the end, its functionning is systematic, it feels to me as though Turkish remains logical. Its vowel harmony is also an interesting a "unique" feature !
It is not really hard to learn once you get the logic you can even don’t have to learn about rules of other additions (ek), you can guess how it should be structured because turkish grammar has philosophy based on harmony and you simply implement same logic on everything but it might be hard to get used to it and speak fluently for english speakers if your first language is finnish hungarian japanese or korean so you can learn it really fast i think
@@3ckortreat my native language is French and I speak English and German. Not the best ones to understand Turkish's logic but don't worry, I'm not (yet) planning to.
I don't know what makes you think that Turkish isn't hard to learn. It definitely is, especially if you come from another language family. Syntax doesn't mean dogshit when it comes to rate the difficulty in learning a language. Chinese has a very easy syntax and misses many features and concepts that other languages have. But it's still among the hardest language to learn out there.
@@GarnetTillAlexandros Learning Turkish is not hard at all according to people that I have met who learned Turkish. But, for instance, for native English speakers, to speak Turkish without accent is almost impossible. For some reason, only Persian speakers have ability to speak it without accent.
One of my favorite idiom in Turkish as a native speaker is "Karadeniz'de gemilerin mi battı?" It's literal meaning is "Did your ships sink in the Black Sea?" We say this jokingly to the people who looks sad and intensely lost in thought. It's for breaking the ice and start a conversation with people in a bad mood.
Do you know any finnish youtube channel? I love to hear finnish. It doesn't really matter what is about. All i can find is finnish channels with english speaking youtubers. So if you can recommend me i would be really glad.
@@disconnect9084 Roni Back is one of the most "famous" Finnish TH-camrs. He does as far as I know all his content in Finnish. It's the sort of channel that seems to be geared towards older teens and people in their early twenties.
When you explain it like this Turkish sounds rather complicated huh? One of the cooler features in Turkish that is not mentioned here is the reported past tense. For some reason we have a past tense for the events we haven't witnessed and it is quite useful imo.
The Turks call it the past but it's applicable to present too. A phrase like "Öğrenciymiş" can be translated as "He says he is a student" or "He says he was a student". Sounds like "don't hold me accountable, I just said what he told me". This tense can also be used to express conclusions about events when you only see indications. You see your kids bag at the door: "Ali gelmiş" - "It looks like Ali has come". It's a pity Paul missed this feature in the re-make although it was in the original.
@@barborajezkova8393 It is called "-mış'lı geçmiş zaman" As an example lets translate the next sentence "My dog ran away." If you have witnessed it yourself you would say: "Köpeğim kaçtı." But if you haven't witnessed it yourself this changes. In that case you would say: "Köpeğim kaçmış." They kinda mean the same thing but when you say "kaçmış" it means you didn't witness the event. Maybe you heard about it or maybe you came back from home and found out that the dog had ran away. Also as ilghiz mentioned it is applicable to present too
I am currently learning Japanese and the Turkish grammar is very similar to the Japanese one. I tried Turkish and it sounds amazing, I hope to learn it and visit Turkiye one day :)
The 2005 edition of Güncel Türkçe Sözlük, the official dictionary of the Turkish language published by Turkish Language Association, contains 104,481 words, of which about 86% are Turkish and 14% are of foreign origin. Among the most significant foreign contributors to Turkish vocabulary are Arabic, French, Persian, Italian, English and Greek.
Nomadic Enjoyer Hello. I wanted to ask a question. After all, the ancient Turks had contact with the Mongols and Chinese. Are there really no borrowed words from these languages? As far as I know, the word Demir(iron) and the word Ulus (nation) came from the Chinese and Mongolian languages?
There is an interesting feature of Turkish to say “.. and stuff”. For example “sucuk mucuk” means “sucuk and stuff”. You repeat the same word by replacing the first consonant with “m” (or prepend “m” if the word starts with a wovel). Of course if the word starts with “m”, you use a different trick like “meyve filan”.
LOL, as a Turkish myself I can say, words that starts with "m" just make my brain stop for a second cuz i cant repeat it with switching the first letter. I be like "meyve, meyve.. oh hell what should I do then😭😭"
Similar stuff can be found in Yiddish (thereby in English): en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shm-reduplication The links also mentions its existence in Turkish: Zuckermann (2009) mentions in this context the Turkic initial m-segment conveying a sense of "and so on" as in the Turkish sentence dergi mergi okumuyor, literally "magazine 'shmagazine' read:NEGATIVE:PRESENT:3rd person singular", i.e. "(He) doesn’t read magazines, journals or anything like that"
There is the same feature in Persian, for example "derakht merakht" tree and stuff or "ghaza maza" food and stuff. If the word already starts with an M, then the following word begins with a P like "mive pive" fruit and stuff or "mahi pahi" fish and stuff.
As Tatar (another Turkic-speaking nation) I have to agree that the system is very consistent and easy to learn. I know 3 languages and "tatar tele" (means the Tatar language) seems the most straightforward because Turkic languages have a highly organized system from the beginning mostly without exceptions.
@@replax7531 the language sounds good, they are mediterraneans so they share a lot of similarities with us. Furthermore, Turkey has ancient history, great food and nice people
@@paolodominici202 It sounds terrible , they are not mediterraneans at all , they share nothing with you , they don’t have ancient history what are you even talking about ? Nothing you visited there belongs to them , worst food ever and stop playing food for Gods sake
About your final question: I have a Chilean friend who has learnt Turkish pretty well in years. He can speak some other languages too. And he says “virtually nothing I learned grammarwise works in real life, Turkish is completely spoken with proverbs and expressions to memorize” which is true. We rarely use direct/simple verbs in our daily conversations. Some examples: Eli kulağında (his hand on his ear) : He’s about to arrive Geçmiş olsun (may it be past): get well soon Olsa dükkan senin (if i had it, the shop is yours): i’d give you if i had Kurtlarımızı dökelim (let’s spill our worms out): let’s have fun (by dancing) İki dirhem bi çekirdek (two dirhams, one seed) : nicely dressed Göz kulak olmak (be an eye and an ear): to keep an eye on… Leş gibi (like a dead animal): filthy or heavily… Ayaklarıma kara sular indi (black waters went down on my feet) : i’m exhausted Kafam bi dünya (my head weighs a world): i’m concerned / drunk /worried / high Eşşek yüküyle para (money worth a donkey load): too expensive Gözden düşmek (fall from the eye): to lose trust Buyur, burdan yak (here we go, burn it from here): cherry on top Kaş göz yapmak (to do eye and eyebrow) : to speak with mimics Sakal yapmak ( to do beard): to earn the daily money (out of an unexpected opportunity Abayı yakmak ( to burn the cloak) : to fall in love Havalara uçmak ( to fly up to skies -literally, airs): to be very happy Ayağını denk almak (to align the foot): to be careful ….. And probably hundreds of thousands of others like that. We use those literally more than regular verbs and dictionary words. That’s why Google Translate or other digital translations SUCK in Turkish.
@@proCaylak Tureng does well translating Turkish into English. Not visa-versa. No English entry will give these results which we heavily use in daily speech: -E kısmet artık -Yok artık, daha neler! - Bana baksana sen! -Kenafir gözlü -Oldu canım! -Gelmiş işte. -Keçileri kaçırmak üzereyim -Dımdızlak ortada kaldık Etc. Etc….
@@Jazzgin well, it's not all-encompassing. But still, it provides close enough meaning(s) even if it isn't spot on. Of course sometimes it's impossible to provide exact translations for words like "hoşbulduk".
@@proCaylak What i mean is, what you learn in Turkish lessons as a foreigner doesn’t cover the actual speech in Turkish life. You might come to a point where you can express everything you mean but understanding the organic speech of native speakers will take a lifetime of dedication, attention, memorization and solving the semantic equations. Even understanding the concept of “kıpkırmızı, yemyeşil, yepyeni, masmavi, koskocaman, miniminnacık, dopdoğal” might take years of practice.
Thank you for this video. :) As someone who recently had an interest in learning Turkish and someone who loves your channel, your old video about Turkish was nothing compared to the quality of your newer videos. Your presentation skills have greatly improved!
I liked this reboot. It is as extensive as it should get for a youtube video. Thank you. As a native Turkish speaker, I sometimes literally translate expressions for fun. For example, when instructing someone while they're parking a car: "Topla gel". It's roughly "Stop steering and come". But most people translate it as "Come with the ball" as a joke. In the first case it's a verb, "Topla" -> "Tidy up". In the latter case it's a noun with instrumental case, "Top-la" -> "With the ball".
The word order and agglutination looks a lot like Japanese. I’d be interested to see a video showing if there are any deeper similarities between Turkish and Japanese language. 🥰
turks are mix of scythians and proto-mongolians. in 2000 bc, schythians came from iran to today mongolia. there were proto-mongolian people. they lived together there, married each other and turks has born there. turkic languages, including turkish, carry proto-mongolian logic mostly. proto-mongolians came from china to today mongolia. because of this, logic of proto-mongolian, KOREAN and JAPANESE languages are similar. these is a "northern china" connection between japanese and turkish language. because proto-mongolians and descendants of japanese people lived there together, once upon a time. turkic, mongolian, tungusic, korean and japanese people are related, so their languages are related too.
As a native turkish speaker and japanese learner, only similarities i found with both languages are: both of them are phonetic and both of them are agglutinative languages.
A Turkish friend of mine also thinks they're similar (at least grammar-wise). Both very agglutinative and SOV. However Turkish doesn't have topic-comment word order (to my knowledge) which is also heavily used in Japanese and Korean
@@kemalerdemsahin410I GIVE! I GIVE! UNCLE! UNCLE! I'm wrong. Japanese is an agglutinative language, with some analytic features, like particles. There. *_Is everyone happy now?_* When I think, "agglutinative language," I think of two examples: "Turkish" and "Finnish". The use of particles instead of case-suffixes in Japanese threw me. *I ADMIT THAT I GOT IT WRONG!!!* Is that sufficient? Or do I have to break out a scourge and whip myself 40 times while chanting, "Mea Culpa. Mea Maxima Culpa." to finally get all of you off of my back?
Thank you for this video, Paul. It was a very nice revamp. I've dabbled with Turkish before Japanese became my nearly exclusive pursuit and I must say that I didn't find it overwhelming. Challenging? Yes. Too difficult to learn? Absolutely not. My impression is that very little is "random" or "irregular" in the language. Turkish appears to have a inner consistency, a structure that is far easier to detect than it is the case in many other languages. The phonetic changes, just to mention something that can appear daunting, have their logic and if you know your phonetics, even at a basic level, you memorise them easily. Grammar is different from that of IE languages and that will take some adjusting, but it doesn't leave you shaking your head in self commiseration.
I have been in Turkey twice this year (three times in general, 8 years ago for the first time), I've started to learn turkish about two months ago. I'm still on very basic level but I'm absolutely in love with this language and I want to visit Turkey again next year. I have some turkish friends and after learning some basics, after watching this video and after reading the comments I'm finally understanding why turk people use weird english sentences sometimes and now it's so obvious for me! I was learning a lot of languages in the past (I'm polish btw) but I'm surprised how pleasant turkish is for me. It's so satisfying to learn.
Turkic languages are very similar on the whole, except for the highly divergent Chuvash language of the Volga region of Russia . I would say they differ less on the whole than say, the Germanic languages . They certainly aren’t all mutually intelligible, but it’s still quite easy for speakers of the different Turkic languages to learn one of those which are not immediately intelligible . For example, there’s probably less difference between the Uighur language and the Turkish of Turkey than between German and Danish despite the fact that German and Danish are geographically right next to each other and Turkish and Uighur are geographically very distant .
This might even be an understatement. As a central-western native German, even written Danish is a case of guesswork and conjecture. Spoken, it's a total mumble with maybe one familiar phoneme every 10 words or so.
Germanic languages splitted several centuries before most Turkic languages a fairer comparison for Turkic would be Slavic as both started to break off in the early middle ages (excluding Oghur Turkic)
I think its safe to liken them to say the Romance languages, which are all relatively similar and easy to learn for each other. They are more similar then the Germanic languages (although I should note Romanian is very different in numerous ways to the other Romance languages due to its different influences). Unless they are even more similar then I realize, which seems unlikely considering the geographic differences and the differences in influences.
Turkish is on my list of languages to learn. Once I get to a decent enough level with the ones I'm currently learning, Turkish will be next. Fascinating to know more about how the language works.
The earliest known Turkic inscription is the attested Jie language recorded in the 4th century AD likely followed by Western Hunnic of the mid 400's AD. Both belong to the Oghuric branch
Reconstruction of the Turkic Jie language, spoken by the Jie people, a Xiongnu tribal group su-Ø kete-r erkan boklug-gu tukta-ŋ English translation : When/as the army goes out, capture the Boklug (a chief) ! The Hunnic inscription on a dinner plate belonging to the last ruler of the Huns, Dengizich, was identified as Turkic. The Hunnic sample of Khan Diggiz plate ; kinkeg dikkiz ükü essä - kijü sax sax saxynil gür täηrig English translation : Beware of king Dikkiz the Wise's blow ! Retreat to the Tengri (God) beyond the world!
As a Spanish speaker, Turkish naturally is difficult for me, however I had the experience of study Korean which has similar grammar then I can say it was a bit easier for me on that aspect. Comparing Turkish with Korean, even though both languages for me are difficult, Turkish feels like it makes more sense than Korean XD And I love and find interesting the fact you can say a lot in just one word.
@@ivanovichdelfin8797 onlardan kelimeler dışında birşey aldığımızı düşünmüyorum . Günlük olarak kullandığımız pek çok kelime arapça ve fransızcadan gelmekte .
I've studied Turkish a little bit, although my Turkish is basic at best. As a native English speaker, the suffix system/vowel harmony stuff was a bit strange at first, but as Paul said at the end of the video, highly systematic (it kind of reminds me of maths in this sense) and is easier to get used to than it may seem. What I find much harder about Turkish is the word order. It's ok in more basic examples (like in this video) but in sentences with say, 7, 8 or more words - it really becomes a bit of a puzzle to decipher. It also makes me wonder if Turkish people feel the same way about English word order. Regardless, it's a really interesting language. I love the sound of it and hopefully one day I can go back to Turkey and get a bit better at it!
it is hard for a turkish person to learn english since english is svo, does not have many similar words with turkish, not phonetic and not an agglutinative language.
Yeap, Turkish people also struggle with English a lot. I personally love languages so it wasnt a big problem for me but most of my friends are really having hard times to learn it lol. But once you got the fundamentals of English grammar, it becomes easier to speak without thinking
One important feature of Turkish different than English (and many European language) is verb order is secondary. SOV is recommended and common but if not use will not be grammatically wrong. The reason is that sufiixes determines the task of the word. For example, an Turkcell (mobile phone service provider) use the sentence "Connect to life with Turkcell" in three different form. "Turkcelle bağlan hayata", "Hayata bağlan Turkcelle", "Bağlan Turkcelle hayata". All three is gramtically true in Turkish. And you can hear non SOV structure in daily life (As far as I see this is not the case in English). As far as I know Latin language is similar and SVO or SOV is just author preference and can be change over centruries. But generally this is forgetten for Turkish even it seems to me very interesting difference.
For me one of the hardest thing about English is answering a negative yes or no question. For example "So you didnt like this video?" If I want to say I dont like the video, my Turkish mind goes like this first I should approve your question since you guess right and give my answer. Which that means "Yes, I didnt like the video." But in English I had to say No in begining. Still confuses me thats why I only answer question. I dont use yes or no.
@@ahmethakantozlu1389 That’s actually a _very_ confusing thing in English because the answer to “So, you didn’t like the video?” is actually “No, I didn’t” _or_ “No, I did” (not “Yes”-in other words, “No” for either response). I have never seen a grammar lesson _anywhere_ (in a book or online) that actually addresses this point. (I think it’s so embarrassingly illogical that people just like to pretend that it doesn’t exist.) As for me, a native speaker of English, I answer negative questions as you might in Turkish-“Yes, I didn’t”/ “No, I did”-I did that even as a five-year-old, my dad says-and, while it’s a little weird for the person I’m responding to, he or she always gets it. (I’m _not_ recommending that, however.)
Some Hungarian words are really amazingly similar in sound and meaning to Turkic words. Such parallels between different (by language families) languages are really amazing. For example Mother (in Hungarian will be like - ANYA ) (in Turkic-Kazakh will be like - ANA ) Big (in Hungarian will be like - NAGY), (in Turkic-Kazakh will be like - NÄN ) Small (in Hungarian will be like - KICSI ), (in Turkic-Kazakh will be like - KIŞI ) Sea (in Hungarian will be like - TENGER ), (in Turkic-kazakh will be like - TEÑIZ ) Cat (in Hungarian will be like - MACSKA), (in Turkic-Kazakh will be like - MYSYK ).
Turkish language has two different past tense which give different meanings. One gives the meaning that action or situation ( the information) is learned later or heard from ( or the information is given by) someone else. And the other one gives the meaning that subject witnesses or learns the information himself/herself. For example if i say “ Abim sabah okula gitmiş” it can be translated as “my brother went to school in the morning” but i didn’t see that, someone else or he gave me this information later. If i say “ Abim sabah okula gitti” it can be translated as “my brother went to school in the morning“ too, but this time I witnessed myself that he was going to school in the morning. Past tenses with -miş and -di suffixes make this difference.
Bro, this guy kinda better than whole native turkish teachers. I finnally learn something about grammar about turkish after 14 years of education with this video. You are the best !
I love turkish language so much and I definitely want to study it next year at my uni (besides my main language). Since I am Serbian at first I was only familiar with vocabulary but because I have listened to the language so much through some films ant TV shows when I was younger I now have very good knowledge of it. I can understand quite a lot. Their grammar is very different to ours and since I've never really studied it, I can't speak it but I hope one day I will...
In the past, many people from Bosnia migrated to Turkey and I saw that these people learned Turkish very quickly. Slavs learn Turkish more easily than any European.
Definitely. Bosnian people who migrated to Turkey adapted to the language pretty quick, quicker than any refugee groups. I believe it will be really easy for you to understand since you already listened to it.
thank you so much for making this video! i'm a turk who's studying applied linguistics and i've seen your original video so many times... i'd somehow never noticed that we don't have a word for "have" before! i know this isn't an interesting expression or idiom, but it's probably my favorite word in turkish so i want to share it: arkadaş. "arka" means back and "-daş" is a suffix you use when you share something with someone (e.g. someone who has the same name [ad] as you would be your "adaş") "arkadaş" means friend, so it's literally someone who has your back and you have theirs!
The history part was very accurate! And I am so happy you included Atatürk. Atatürk is a very powerful historical figure for both Turkish history and world history. His work should be recognised more! And today, 19th of May, is the day he went to Samsun to alert people to defend the country together. We wouldn't be watching this video if it wasn't for him. Great respect for him, rest in peace Atatürk. Toprağı bol olsun. (May his tomb have lots of soil)
@@cyrusol they simply lying to you. he was a dictator but not in a bad way. no one would go to jail if they would critize him. there are many examples. he was undoubtly genius and great leader, founded and saved country and commanded a war.
As a speaker of Bulgarian, I'm always amazed at how many loanwords from Turkish we have, for example "para", which we use mostly in its plural form "pari". It's really nice to learn a bit more about our neighbor language, I always found its complexity daunting but it seems like if you learn the main rules, you'd be off to a good start.
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We lived together for 500 years, creating a huge common culture. Very happy to share words.
It's not surprising, I am Greek and modern (not ancient) Greek has 1000s of Turkish words. Some are used in everyday simple language, some have different meanings than the same word in Turkish (eg tsoglan is a child in Turkish, but a spoiled or ill-mannered child in common Greek)
This video was very helpfull! Out of all the videos I watched trying to learn Turkish this is by far where I made more progress. The way you explain the words meaning, their origin and all the nuances really helps me understand turkish voccabulary nuances. I am learning turkish and it's pretty evident all the french words in the vocabulary (tuvalet, merses, pardon). Keep making great videos! It will definetely help me in my trip through Turkiye
It seems like Turkish is obsessed with so many grammatical rules and a bunch of vowel/consonant harmonies. It’s true. But the main reason is that it makes the speech more fluent this way. One nice thing about Turkish grammatical rules is that it’s very easy to notice if a word is a loan word. If it violates at least one rule, then it’s very likely to be a loan word. Also, after you get used to, you will realize that there are no irregularities. You don’t need to learn word-wise rules like in English or German. Hear a noun or a verb. You are good to go to use it. Beside this, I understand that the language logic is very different than most European languages. It affects the way you think. Most of the time, you speak speak speak and the last thing you say is the actual verb and subject. Parsing the sentence in mind without knowing both the verb and the subject can be challenging a little bit.
My mother tongue is Turkish and I studied Turkish Language and Literature at the university and I have a master's degree in this subject. I know more about the Turkish language than most Turks do, and I can honestly say that Turkish is a pretty easy language, even though most Turks say the opposite to satisfy their egos. Because it is a very regular language and has almost no exceptions. The alphabet is phonetic and the words have no gender, which is a convenience in itself. Even just by watching this video, you can learn Turkish at a certain level. I can say that one of the reasons why Turkish is an easy language is that after interacting with the Arabs and Persians, the language was taken into the background in terms of literature, and it did not become a deep enough language since it developed late in the field of literature and philosophy. Unfortunately, in time, Turkish words, which were very beautiful, were replaced by Arabic and Persian words, which is a deep wound in my heart. It is a very rich language in terms of idioms and proverbs, but apart from these, I cannot say that it has a great depth of meaning. Especially in recent years, it has become increasingly corrupt because the awareness of protecting their mother tongue is disappearing in people.
Turkish is hard for those who don't have an agglutinative language as their mother tongue. So there's no use associating it to the egos of theirs. Turkish is difficult, real difficult.
@@Tapostlevonesus Of course, the degree of difficulty of other languages varies according to the native language of the people, but this does not change the fact that, as I mentioned in the comment, Turkish is a very regular language, and therefore it is easier to learn than languages with plenty of exceptions.
@@aaniludouz Then it's okay if you're basing your opinion upon the multitude of people who speak Turkish. But both in grammar and pronounciation, especially europian people are most likely to have a metric ton of difficulties, spesifically in pronouncing the wovels.
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Fun fact: all the greeting words in Turkish are Arabic, because in early Turkic languages there is no salutation phrase for strangers. To familiar people "esen (b)ol" (be well) was used. But for foreigners, the regular procedure was to ask "boy kim?" (Rough translation : which tribe?) To decide for whether drawing the weapons or just passing by...
@@maraswBen Kaşgarlı Mahmut'un yalancısıyım... Ama düşününce, göçebelik tarihi otlak ya da askeri güç peşinde birbiriyle savaşan kabilelerle dolu bir insan grubunun dili için yabancılara selam vermemek gibi bir alışkanlık çok da tuhaf gelmiyor. Nezaket kavramı da fazlaca yerleşik hayata ait, ayrıca.
Basimin ustunde yerin var!(Turkish) --> You have a place on my head!(English Translation) --> You are always welcome to be my guest or ask for help.(Meaning of idiom in English)
Great reboot! All I want to add that the SOV sentence structure is teached as grammatically correct at first because you have to start from somewhere which is easiest and simple form but if you don't use SOV, that doesn't mean the sentence is "gramatically incorrect". "3+2" and "2+3" doesn't change the result. In Turkish, "inverted sentences" are sentences where the verb is not at the end of the sentence. Inverted sentences are used for literary purposes, to emphasize, or for practical reasons. Other elements such as the subject and object are arranged depending on emphasis. Usually, the element that is intended to be emphasized the most in the sentence is the one closest to the verb.They are not incorrect or flawed sentences. It seems hard at the first look but it's like a music theory, majors and minors, mathematics and harmonics. But also you don't have to learn music theory or play an instrument to hear if you or someone hit a wrong note or sing out of tune. Also you can learn to play instrument and be very good at it and even start to compose your own pieces just by practice without getting into mathematics and harmonics. A dozen words can be produced from one root and you can do it as well. It is a language of emotion, thought, logic, science and philosophy in itself. So don't be scared, it's fun language to learn and play around. Here is an example: Konuş (speak) Konuştum (I did speak) Konuşturdum (I did make someone speak) Konuşturttum (I did make someone to make someone speak) Konuşturtturdum (I did make someone to make someone to make someone speak) The last one might be rarer than one in a billions because how many times you or someone "make someone to make someone to make someone speak"? Even Google search doesn't come up with a single result, but the rule is there if you ever "make someone to make someone to make someone speak" and want to tell the story, lol. I believe Turkish and Turkic languages needs more research.
I have some Turkish friends since 2005, I have even worked with them. And I had a few formal classes, but I got most of it just from being with them on a regular basis. It's a pretty easy language to learn that way, you don't have to think about any vowel harmony nor agglutination rules, you get it by simple situational association and repetition.
In case of Turkish, that’s true. People who study it usually fail :))) but people who watch Turkish series, for example, get the essence of the language and the way of thinking. It’s an analogue language. Gets messy when digitalized.
@@Jazzgin The opposite is true. The Turkish language is considered one of the most mathematically structured languages, especially from a grammatical perspective. As a computer engineer, I can personally attest to its solid and well-structured rules. This viewpoint is shared by many linguists as well.
@@metternich_999 I do not agree at all :))) Mathemarically structured? Even one of the most :))) First off, it doesn’t have to be. Then, it possesses some otherwise beauties like multi-semantic/poetic plasticity which mathematically constructed languages cannot offer as much. Besides, nobody ever sat down and structured this language. It reflects a full image of the native speakers; diverse, alive, ever-changing and very very very flexible. Mathematizing the Turkish language is like trying to weigh the wind.
@@Jazzgin Your feelings are not facts. You are not smart enough to notice that. Smiling won't change that. You are talking about things that you don't know. This is just sad. Stupidity of ignorant people never cease to amaze me. I add you to my dumb list.
My friends who used to be university students attending Turkish universities learned Turkish at an amazing pace. They spent a lot of time with us and they learnt by practising.
Very well made video. As a learner of Turkish, I really have to say that it's not a really hard language after you get to know some of the basics well. Mistakes might be made often, but you can almost always know why they were wrong and how to correct them once they're pointed out, simply using the suffixes and vowel harmony rules. Very intuitive language and lots of things to read. 10/10 would recommend
Hello Paul, Thanks for the reboot. I have watched your initial video before I went on to study Turkish, and I'm now a TA at university. I have always liked your language profiles. I suggest you make a video on the concept of evidentiality (kanıtsallık) in Turkish, expressed by the -mIş suffix that is not only exclusive to verbs, but to nouns as well. I would like to see how you view this concept, and most importantly, how an anglophone is supposed to grasp it. Thanks in advance.
i understand that this is more about the modern usage and not so much about its history, but i believe it could've used a teeny tiny touch of how much some of the words have changed since Ye Olde Göktürk Times: such as "kangı" being the older form of "hangi" (which) [the former respected the vowel harmony] or "ölge" being the older form of "ölüm" (death) but it's nothing big. there are also a good amount of italian and greek loanwords, but i guess they don't even come close to the arabic/persian/french trifecta, which is, understandable. aside from that, it's a wonderful video. thank you for your work!
Been watching this channel for years and the quality of the videos (editing, content, interest etc), and how thorough the videos are have improved so much. Easily one of my favourite channels
That's epic! After those 7 years the epic comeback will happen, and nearly at the same time with Olly Richards.❤ Atalarımın dili, şimdi 3 boyutlu :] Kanalına bayılıyorum ❤
Gorgeous video Paul! You just summarized all the grammar lessons we (Turks) took throughout their education. I'm fascinated by how you summarize it. A video about Turkic languages and their differences/similarities would be great. As a Turkish speaker I can follow Azerbaijani but Turkmenistan or Ozbeklistan languages are harder for me. Maybe that kind of a video would improve the intelligibility
You can also use , "sağol" or "sağolun" for "Thank you", 'esenlikler" for 'Merhaba" or "Günaydın", "Iyi günler" "iyi akşamlar", "iyi geceler" depending on the time of the day. These are originally Turkish words.
@@kennethbsr7771 I already hinted that it is NOT Turkish. Even though, originally from Aramaic and Arabic borrowed it from this language, people think, it is Arabic.
I really like the consistency and the simplicity of tha grammatical rules in Turkish. There are hardly any exceptions and overall it is like learn once and use everywhere. Wish German lang was the same as I am trying to learn it
Thanks for such a great and informative video on Turkish language, taking both grammatical and sound-related topics into consideration. I would like to make some additions/corrections that may have gone unnoticed. On the slide starting at 17:35, the evidential past is actually "imiş" with the sound of /imish/ instead of "imi", as far as I could understand the context. As an example, if you say "İstanbul'da yaşamış.", it means "(I've heard that) he/she (has) lived in Istanbul." with additional subject suffixes for different persons. This tense is used for events to which the speaker was not a witness directly. Additionaly on the same slide, I guess the suffix "-da" in "Ankara'da" is marked as "dative" by mistake, since it is actually locative - "I lived in Ankara". Apart from that, I personally appreciated the recognition of the vowel harmony and consonant mutation and mentions to them throughout the video. Although a foreign speaker of Turkish would still be understood greatly without them paying attention to vowel harmony and the like, I think this poetic feature of sound "acrobatics" may inherently comprise a significant portion of the Turkish grammar, which we as native speakers naturally do not think much while speaking but is particularly interesting under the linguistic lens. Thank you again for such an inspirational video!
It is impossible the proto-Turkish language to originate in 6th century. Orhun Inscriptions have well established language and writing system. A language to evolve this level must be thousands of years old. Orhun Inscriptions are just the known oldest Turkish writings, not oldest.
168 Turkish words were identified in 5000-year-old Sumerian tablets. Accordingly, the origin of native Turkish must be at least 7000-8000 years old. and Sumerian is an agglutinative language, but although it is a language that contains agglutinative and Turkish words like Hungarian, it is controversial that they come from the same origin, but the bond and similarity between them is undeniable.
A few interesting bits off the top of my head: 19:55 "etmek" is a very interesting word in itself, I'm sure it confuses Turkish learners. It's hard to translate but it's very different from "yapmak" (to do). We rarely ever have the same word as both a verb and a noun or adjective. We use the "-le/-la" suffix to make nouns into verbs. You might have noticed there is no equivalent of "the" in Turkish, but that's not strictly true. It's not in plain sight and it's not always available but it is there when it's most needed. For instance, "Bana bir kalem ver" (to-me-a-pen-give) means "Give me a pen". But "bana kalemi ver" means "give me THE pen". We often modify adjectives with a corrupted prefix of themselves to stress their meaning. kara (black): kapkara (all black), koca (large) koskoca (huge), dolu (full): dopdolu (filled to the brim), belli (apparent): besbeli (very obvious), düz (straight): dümdüz (straight as an arrow) Turkish words can get very complex: kişi - person kişisel - personal kişiselleş - to become personalized (you can see here that we take the other way around compared to English) kişiselleştir - to make [something] become personalized (in simpler terms, customize) kişiselleştiril - to be made to become personalized (passive form of the previous line, -il is similar to -ed in English) kişiselleştirilebil - "-bil" is similar to the English -able but this is still a verb. -ir will make it into an adjective. It's technically a command in this form, like "be able to...." kişiselleştirilebilir - able to be made to become personalized (simply, customizable). kişiselleştirilebilirlik - abillity to be made to become personalized. You could keep adding to this word quite a bit more if you wanted to. -leş (to become [something]) and -tir (to make [something] become [something]) suffixes used above can turn into simply -r/-l and -t respectively in some other words. For instance: Kara: dark karar[mak]: to become dark karart[mak] (to darken [something]) karartı (noun form of the verb, the action of darkening something) karartıcı (darkener, -cı is similar to -er in English). If this word followed convention, it would be "kara-laş-tır-ı-cı" and sometimes we even use both forms to give them slightly different meanings, like "inceltici" and "inceleştirici".
Well, that was pleasantly surprising! Greetings from Hacettepe University linguistics, Türkiye. :) There are many unusual idioms and sayings in Turkish, but perhaps the most interesting ones are the swear words (or phrases, yes, swear phrases). They can be mind blowing at times. I’m not providing any examples though haha. Edit: Commented before the video was made public, finished it now and as always, it was terrific. We love your content Paul, please do keep up the good work!
Thank you for this great breakdown! In this one video, I learned more Turkish than over 4 years of passively learning through dating a Turk! And now I know what to point out next time he complains that Czech is difficult. Too many cases my ass!
Turkish language is ALL about nuances and body language when it comes to perfect communication (deep convos, sarcasm, flirting, patronizing, joking, expressing hurt, joy, happiness, friendship, love, anger, class and levels of them etc) Its just a different world only native speakers can truly understand in my opinion:) But for practical uses, its pretty easy to pick up esp after getting the vowel harmony figured out. Good luck 🎉😊
I’m a native speaker and I can say Turkish with old Ottoman alphabet was ridiculously hard to communicate especially with mails and telegraph. I think the modified Latin alphabet is more suitable than the old one. Me and most of the Turkish languigists are thinking the same. Thanks to our founder dad Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. The only bad and best thing about our language is that our alphabet includes the letters like ü,ö and İ. So watching Europeans miss pronouncing our words are kinda fun. Love from Turkey❤
i love when people remaster their old videos and other content, going into far more detail than they did before. this is a very thorough video that gave me a good feel for how this big-name language works. the workings of turkish mostly seem super exotic to me, but there are a few things in this video that feel familiar. some german speakers express possession by saying, for instance, "mein Vater sein Auto" (my father his car) rather than "mein Vaters Auto" or "das Auto meines Vaters" (my father's car), but other speakers find it annoying and ungrammatical. it's amusing to know that in turkish, this kind of construction is considered standard. turkish being pro-drop is quite familiar to me as a learner of spanish. the verb conjugations' meanings are clear enough that pronouns are normally just included for emphasis, which contrasts against languages where many conjugations are pronounced the same like french. also, the turkish method of expressing that you have something ("there is something at me") is very similar to the celtic and semitic way of saying it. that's a fun similarity; maybe a result of arabic influence?
_Result of Arabic influence_ Nope, languages can and do develop similar features independently. Otherwise you might presume that Turkish developed agglutination under Finno-Ugric influence or vice versa.
@@ilghiz i was saying this because turkey neighbors arabic-speaking countries, and it's common for grammar of a language to be influenced by that of neighboring countries. it was just speculation.
Arabic influence? No, no dude, u shouldn't have said that. The vein in my forehead is swollen lol kidding aside the influence of Arabic and Persian is intense in daily Turkish, i mean as loanwords. But no language has a grammatical influence on Turkish. The grammatical structure of Turkish is quite regular and conservative. Also, the grammatical structure of writings in the inscriptions of Turkic Khaganate from the 7th-8th centuries are exactly the same as the grammatical structure of today's Turkish. At that time, Turks were in the todays Mongolia. Let me give an example. In old Turkic: 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰆𐰍𐰔:𐰋𐰏𐰠𐰼𐰃:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣:𐱁𐰓:𐰇𐰔𐰀:𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃:𐰉𐰽𐰢𐰽𐰺:𐰽𐰺𐰀:𐰘𐰃𐰼:𐱅𐰠𐰤𐰢𐰾𐰼:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣:𐰃𐰠𐰭𐰤:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰭𐰃𐰤:𐰚𐰃𐰢:𐰺𐱃𐱃𐰃:𐰆𐰑𐰲𐰃:𐰼𐱅𐰃:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣:𐰼𐱅𐰤:𐰜𐰇𐰤 Pronunciation: Türük Oguz Begleri bodun eşid! Üze Teñri basmasar asra yir telinmeser Türük bodun iliñin törüñin kim artatı udaçı erti? Türük bodun ertin! Ökün! Modern Turkish: Türk Oğuz Beyleri budunu işit! Üstte Tanrı basmasa altta yer delinmese Türk bodun ilini töreni kim bozabilir idi? Türk budun irkil! Uyan! In English: Türk Oghuz chieftains, clans, listen! Unless the Sky falls and crush us, the grands is pierced underneath who could ever destroy your land and law?
@@birdost5781 1. Languages _can_ borrow grammar from other languages. It's not as common as borrowing words but happens, although vanishingly less often. 2. _Bende var, senin yok,_ these are purely Turkic. No outside influence. But your example doesn't prove it cuz there's no var/yok in it. 3. Osmanlı Türkçesi was heavily influenced by Persian and Arabic, including grammar. E.g. Kısa-i Yusuf is grammatically Persian: Story-of Joseph, Yusuf’un Hikayesi. You probably know better Kitâb-ı Mukaddes which is Mukaddes Kitap in Modern Turkish.
@@ilghiz Yes, languages can borrow grammar from other languages. However, modern Turkish doesn't have anything grammatically borrowed from another language. So I gave a short sentence as an example from the texts in the 7th century Göktürk inscriptions to show it. Except for some words that have changed in today's Turkish, the grammar is exactly the same. I don't understand what u mean in ur second paragraph. Can u explain it more clearly pls? Yes again, Ottoman Turkish was heavily influenced by Persian and Arabic as loan words and also grammar. I know it. U can't see the adjective-noun phrases in Anatolian Turkish that are similar to Arabic or Persian that u gave as examples. Ottoman Turkish was not a natural language used by people. It was a language used by the elites of palace, especially in the 'written language'. I also don't think that grammar of Ottoman Turkish changes much in daily conversation unlike written language. You know that there was a language difference between the palace and the people, and so there is a difference in literature as divan literature and folk literature. The people in Anatolia were already speaking a much more pure Turkish that close to today's modern Turkish. So it is better to look at language and litrature of folk rather than Ottoman palace langauge.
Hi, everyone! I hope you like the video! Don't forget to check out the recommended course ▶Turkish Uncovered: bit.ly/TurkishUncovered
▶Or you can view the Uncovered courses for ALL languages here: bit.ly/Uncovered-ALL-languages
Those are affiliate links, so any purchase you make helps support Langfocus (at no extra cost to you).
can't like the video yet, wait later
@@Connie_TinuityError I know. I just posted this comment now so that everything is ready for tomorrow. :)
Could you go over some Ancient Languages - for example Minoan Linear A script seems to have been cracked by examination against Carian and Old Hungarian.... This might be a good tack for your channel to take on. It would probably be more difficult as there are no current speakers, however the decipherment of older languages is tracked back by comparison to known existing languages and scripts....
@@Langfocusits sad you did not talk about our other past tense. We have a "gossip past tense" that is hard to explain but basically means that you got the information in the sentece from someone else. İt's easier to show in sentences
Ahmet eve gitmiş(it seems like ahmet has went home)
Ahmet eve gitti(Ahmet went to home)
We show this by putting "-mış/miş" to the end of a verb.
Very informative video indeed, thank you :)
A question came to my mind, how about the word [For rent] meaning Kiralık in Turkish. I always wondered why it is not pronounced Kiralik ..
I am Japanese.
Turkish is one of the SOV- order-languages like japanese and korean. So, it seems to be easier than European languages.
They also both have agglutinative grammar structures
@AttilaKhan 1453 salak herif.
I can testify to this as a native Turkish speaker, other way around though.
Back in the day I had taken a very elementary level Japanese course and without almost any exception everybody in the class was surprised and happy to find out how identical Japanese and Turkish were 😊
As a fluent japanese and native Turkish yeah, only sentence order is same but grammar is quite different and vocabulary will be hard for you if u aim to learn turkish.
My japanese level N2 btw
The sentence structure is similar but details are very different.
As a hungarian, turkish grammar looks logic and clearly understandable for us. :)
The grammatical system has lots of similarity.
For us finns it seems rather familiar as well. 😉
The Hungarian language is the most important source for reconstructing the West Old Turkic language spoken west of the Ural in the 5th-12th centuries. The study by Arpad Berta and Andras Rona-Tas deals with the etymology of about 500 Hungarian words which are or may be of Old Turkic, in some cases of Middle Turkic origin. The Hungarian-Turkic contacts began in the 5th century and lasted a long period. The earliest loanwords were copied from a Western Old Turkic idiom; the latest loanwords were borrowed from the language of the Cumans who settled down in Hungary in the first half of 13th century. The authors excluded the Ottoman words from the corpus. In all cases the authors give the etymology of the Turkic word, the reconstructed copied form, the form as adapted by the Hungarian language and the history of the word. The detailed introduction focuses on the former research, the historical setting and the technical framework. In the concluding chapters the authors reconstruct the Ancient Hungarian language at the time of the Turkic-Hungarian contacts and outline the structure of the West Old Turkic language. A bibliography and several indices help the reader to use the book.
West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian, László Károly András Róna-Tas, Árpád Berta, László Károly
The Hungarian word árpa was borrowed from a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries), from Proto-Turkic *arpa.[5][6][4] The Hungarians cohabited for centuries with Turkic people, which accounts for over 10% word roots in modern Hungarian being Turkic. In Hungarian, most pastoral terms are Turkic in origin, and agricultural terms are 50% r-Turkic. Many Hungarian names, and also animal and plant names,[7] are of Turkic origin, and the majority of tribe names were of Turkic origin.[8]Turkic is, along with Uralic, German and Slavic, one of the four languages that have the greatest percentage of word roots in the Hungarian language. However, the Magyars are not a Turkic people, though the Turks made a genetic and linguistic contribution.[9][10]
So if I understand it correctly, the way to say there is/ there isn't is basically the same in both languages
Can any linguist explain how that happens only through contact when they are not related?
They are related albeit very distantly
The funniest is, that you can express an actual long sentence like „I am at my friends‘ place“ with one word. In this case „arkadaşlarımdayım”
Arkadaş - friend
-lar - plural marker (-s)
-ım - my
-da - at
-yım - I am
@@qaz1001 the word arkadaş also comes from the word "arka" :)
@@berkek1962 yes arka "back"
@@qaz1001 it comes from 2 people watches each others back
istanbullaştıramadıklarımızdan mısınız?
>:)
its really hard to explain and we don't use it irl so its worthless actually
I don't know why, but the way how Turkish (and Turkic) grammar works and how mechanical and logical its agglutination is brings me immense satisfaction as for a programmer. There's some almost mathematical or physical feeling to it - well-defined and clear rules by which the word parts operate and join together.
There were some linguistic people who formulate the logic behind Turkis grammmar and bridge those similarities with some fundamental physics formulas.
You are not alone: Nicholas Negroponte, the founder and the director of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s Media Laboratory and the author of the 1995 bestseller Being Digital, just said what you wrote. He especially lauded the precision of Turkish pronounciation and said Turkish would be an ideal universal medium.
That's what happens when someone has balls to reform a language, introduce rules, make everything behave the same. Instead of carrying all the legacy exceptions for everything.
@@non7top you can't say the L-word to the programmers without a trigger warning
Linguists' opinions on Turkish Grammar Prof. David Cuthell : “I know many foreign languages. Among these languages, Turkish is such a different language that it is as if a hundred high mathematics professors came together to create Turkish. A dozen words are produced from one root. Turkish is such a language that it is a language of emotion, thought, logic and philosophy in itself.” ------------------- Max Müller “Even reading a Turkish grammar is a real pleasure, even if he hasn’t had the slightest desire to speak and write Turkish. Those who hear the skillful style in the mods, the compliance with the rules that dominate all the shots, the transparency seen throughout the productions, the marvelous power of the human intelligence that shines in the language will not fail to be amazed. This is such a grammar that we can watch the inner formations of thought in it, just as we can watch the formation of honeycombs in a crystal… The grammatical rules of the Turkish language are so orderly and flawless that a committee of linguists, an academy, approves this language. It is possible to think that it is a language made with consciousness. ----------------------------- Prof. Dr. Johan Vandewalle;, now I have learned about 50 languages . After learning languages with very different systems, the language that I still admire the most, the language that I find most logical and mathematical is Turkish.” johan Vandewalle (The text is written by him. It is written by him in Turkish.) “…I think that a native Turkish speaker thinks in short sentences, and when speaking, he builds complex structures by connecting these short sentences in various ways. This "tendency to connect sentences" can be weak in some speakers, and strong in others, almost to the extent of a disease. The linguistic structures that emerged in this last situation reflect the superior possibilities of the human mind in the best way. Although I have studied many languages belonging to different language groups, I can say that I have never come across a structure that fascinates me as much as complex sentence structures in Turkish. If you let me be a little sentimental, I sometimes say to myself, “I wish Chomsky had learned Turkish when he was younger too…”. I'm sure then modern linguistics would have been shaped according to Turkish, not English…” ------------------ *Receiving the Babylonian World Award, Belgium's Ghent University Center for Eastern Languages and Cultures, Dr. Johann Van De Walle explains why he is interested in Turkish today: “Turkish can be learned in a very short time. The rules in chess are logical, simple and few in number. Even a seven-year-old can learn to play chess. Despite this convenience, the person playing chess does not get bored throughout his life. The game possibilities are endless. It is a very magical feature that the same situation exists in the Turkish grammar system. Turkish grammar is a language that has a regular and unexceptional character almost as much as mathematics. -------------- Paul Roux: "Turkish is a mathematical language full of thought and intellect." *Moliere: "Turkish is language to be admired; you can express a great deal by a few words." *French Turcologist Jean Deny : "The Turkish language suggests that it was formed as a result of the consultation and discussion of an elite committee of scholars. Turkish verbs have such a peculiarity that they cannot be found in any of the Arian languages. This feature is the power to form new words with affixes”. Jean Deny *Herbert W. Duda:“Turkish, which expresses all thoughts and feelings in the most perfect way, has such a rich vocabulary that everyone admires this language and accepts it as the most perfect scientific language.'”. *Herbert Jansky: “Turkish language is an extremely rich and easy-to-understand, easy-to-learn scientific language in terms of vocabulary, phonetics, orthography, syntax and vocabulary.” ** page 257 in book (The Science of Language by Max Müller in 1861) It is a real pleasure to read a Turkish grammar, even though one may have no wish to acquire it practically. The ingenious manner in which the numerous grammatical forms are brought out, the regularity which pervades the system of declension and conjugation, the transparency and intelligibility of the whole structure, must strike all who have a sense of that wonderful power of the human mind which has displayed itself in language. Given so small a number of graphic and demonstrative roots as would hardly suffice to express the commonest wants of human beings, to produce an instrument that shall render the faintest shades of feeling and thought;-given a vague infinitive or a stern imperative, to derive from it such moods as an optative or subjunctive, and tenses as an aorist or paulo-post future;-given incoherent utterances, to arrange them into a system where all is uniform and regular, all combined and harmonious;-such is the work of the human mind which we see realized in “language.” But in most languages nothing of this early process remains visible. They stand before us like solid rocks, and the microscope of the philologist alone can reveal the remains of organic life with which they are built up. In the grammar of the Turkic languages, on the contrary, we have before us a language of perfectly transparent structure, and a grammar the inner workings of which we can study, as if watching the building of cells in a crystal bee-hive. An eminent orientalist remarked “we might imagine Turkish to be the result of the deliberations of some eminent society of learned men;” but no such society could have devised what the mind of man produced, left to itself in the steppes, and guided only by its innate laws, or by an instinctive power as wonderful as any within the realm of nature.
as a native speaker i don't think I can learn Turkish again if I forget it once.
I speak Arabic and English, and I think Turkish is an easy language.
Nobody cares what you think and stop pretend you people can cook
@@Abduladilosman yes, Turkish have a good sentence construction, it's easy to learn. But hard to master
@@baris-icin-savas Arabic is like that too, but Arabic real problem is vastness of vocabulary. You can easily pull out an Arabic word that average Arabic speaker does not know. I did not find that in English, and I guess no other language.
@@Abduladilosman ya right
The word for the color Turquoise comes from french meaning "turkish" . Because of the beautiful blue ceiling of a mosque made in Istambul that french tourists and merchants would admire a lot
Turkuaz in Türkçesi GÖK RENGİ, GÖKÇE, GÖĞE BENZER RENK, MAİ, SU RENGİ MAVİ...
Allah in KURSİ si gökleri kuşatir... ayetine benzer Allah a GÖK TAN RI denilmiş...
Bundan dolayı eski Türk bayrağı gök benizli renklidir, Gök Bayrak...
Türkiye bayrağı ise savaslarla al kanlara bulanmış Al Bayrak olmuştur...
Love it, I remember reading about that!
And then we Turks borrowed it from French, meaning a shade of blue, "Turkuaz". Amazing.
@@justwatch7091 same thing with bergamot, it's roots are 'bey armudu' originally but now we call it 'bergamut'
some scholars i read said it comes from the flag/banner turkic people used to carry in 6th century it's sky blue on the background (like the kazakhstan's flag now) but had a light green wolf in the middle in the 6th century a.d. . so seeing it from afar looked like the turqouise colour. seljuks, the first turks to inhabit anatolia, and who were the ones the french and other western europeans saw for the first time during the crusades had banners the same colour as it. only difference was they had tughrul, a two headed eagle-like bird instead of a wolf in the middle.
I learned Turkish a year ago from Duolingo and it was super easy. This is because my native tongue is Western Armenian, and I noticed that both languages are using the same syntax 95% of the time. I’ve also learned Ottoman Turkish! I can also read in Gökturkish.
Türkçe ilginç bir dildir. Türk arkadaşlarıma selamlar!
تركجه ايلگينچ بر ديلدر. تورك آرقداشلرمه سلاملر!
բարև քեզ նույնպես ընկեր! (i hope translate translated it correctly)
Hi from Turkey
I wonder something Artashes. Why did you decide to learn Turkish? I meant what was the your main motivation for Turkish. :)?
@@ScriptDausq my father speaks it. Also, some of ancestors were Turkish monoglots, so I wanted to learn the language of my ancestors.
Where is that "Western Armenia"? I don't know of such a place on Planet Earth🤔
@@Kenan-Z ırkçı seni “Western Armenia” demedim. “Western Armenian” dedim. Bir dildir. Git internette araştırma yap.
I am a Qazaq speaker. Turkish might have been unintelligible at first, but the similarities in syntax, morphology, and some vocabulary were always evident. With very little study, a Qazaq speaker can get to understand Türkçe much faster than others.
What I admire about the language is how consistent it is. It was the first Turkic language to truly break away from another language's shadow, and the reforms of 1933 did an amazing job at cementing its features and making it wholly independent and self-sufficient. Other Turkic languages are struggling from Russian or Chinese dominance to this day, which is a shame.
Thx Turkic brother
Arapça kadar Fransızcadan* da kelime ayıklansaymış madem?
and for Turks Qazak language is very easy.. in a weak time I could follow the main conversations when visited Almaty..
Esma, sen de keşke ana dilini doğru yazmayı öğrenseymişsin. Dil isimlerine gelen ekler ayrılmaz. “Fransızca’dan” değil “Fransızcadan”
@@erdemlevent Olabilir. Fransızcadan* şimdi anlama odaklan bakayım.
I'm learning Turkish, as a Hungarian I can find similarities between the two languages. The way of thinking, the logic of the Turkish language is very familiar. Of course there are difficulties too.
But for a Hungarian, who never learned any languages before, the Turkish, as a first foreign language would be very easy.
I think you over stepped english as foreign language.
@@thegamechanger3317 nobody counts english as a serious language. as someone who has it as a first language, i don’t either haha
That’s really inferesting. And a great sign for me to start learning Hungarian. 👍👍
@@Jazzgin I don't think learning Hungarian would be easy for Turkish speakers cuz I've heard Hungarian is a very difficult language plus we have only 5 cases but Hungarian has around 16-17 cases, so I think it is easier for Hungarians to learn Turkish than for Turks to learn Hungarians
@@ahsenbuyukk That’s fine. As long as it starts making sense nothing is too hard to learn and I’m not searching for something easy :)
Fun Fact: Gagauz and Azerbaijani(modern version of Ajem-Turkic) are also over 90% mutually intelligible with Modern Turkish due to descending from common medieval language aka Old Anatolian Turkish.
Due to being assimilated natives of the region
@@ScienceLover234 as a Turkish person from Türkiye I can confirm or at least say that we are mixed with Anatolian people, we don't look a lot like our relatives in Central Asia. But it's not much of a deal because we consider ourselves Turks in nationality, race is not important . Also, pre-Turkic Anatolian heritage is not wiped out it is still part of our culture.
Plus, Anatolia has always been home to many different civilizations simultaneously, there is no one kind of people who are native Anatolians
But yeah we speak Turkish if that's what you mean by assimilation. I would actually say that we (people of different etnicities in Anatolia and Turks) are united under this language.
@@ScienceLover234asjfhsksznwnwl
Actually, last year a new inscription was found in the Ötüken region in Mongolia that is thought to be about İlteriş Kutluk Kağan, which predates the Orkhon Inscriptions, and is the oldest known inscription of the Turkic language with the word Turk in it to be found to date.
Wow that's some fascinating news! What is the exact date of that inscription?
@@AsylumDaemon Late 600s
a link to that would be a great help.
Shizu -chan Could you give the title of this news so that I can enter it into Google and read more about it?
@@eses570 you can just google it btw
It's amazing how similar Turkish looks to my native Hungarian. Your examples were very straightforward and logical to me. Maybe I should start learning Turkish?! 😆
Because our ancestors are the same society bro. :) (West Hun Empire)
@@EEK19 Hungarians are Uralic but due to their historical ties with Turkic tribes like Cumans, Pechenegs, Oghurs, Kabars who were incorporated into the Hungarian nation there are various commonalities that link them to Turks such as the masculine name Attila, the mythological bird Turul, and most importantly linguistic influences
Yes, you can. I had a hungarian friend who came to work in Istanbul. She learnt Turkish very quickly.
@@EEK19 Hungarians are Ugric people with Turkic influence
Grammar is pretty similar, but the vocab is very different. It wouldn't be easy but it is a pretty cool language.
I’m from Uzbekistan and i can clearly understand Turkish maybe like 80% 85% Özbekistandan salamlar bolsun, yashasin bütün türk dünyasi 🇺🇿🇹🇷🇹🇲🇰🇬🇰🇿🇦🇿🐺
Biz bir millatmiz
🇹🇷🤝🇺🇿
Кыргызстандан салам👋🇰🇬
@@ЭльнурЭрнисов 🤝🇹🇷🇰🇬🇹🇲🇺🇿🇦🇿🇰🇿
seviliyorsunuz kardeşim😊💗
Güzel. Sevindirici. Tebrikler.
I'm a native speaker. We call sayings in Turkish "atasözü" (plural "atasözleri"). Ata means father in Old Turkic but also means ancestor in general. Söz means word or saying. So atasözleri literally means "sayings of ancestors".
Here's an atasözü:
"Güzeli güzel yapan edeptir, edep güzeli sevmeye sebeptir."
Translation: "What makes a beautiful person beautiful is manners, and manners are the reason for loving a beautiful person." Here the word "güzel" both mean beautiful as adjective, but also means beautiful person or more probably a woman. And there is rhyming between "edeptir" (is manners) and "sebeptir" (are the reason). Unlike English manners, edep is a singular word. There are many sayings about beautiful women (güzel) in Turkish, many are also parts of our old folk songs, namely "türküler" (singular "türkü").
Here's another:
"El elden üstündür."
Translation: "The hand is superior than the (other) hand." or "A person is superior than (other) person." Turkish word "el" both means "hand" and "stranger", or anyone that you don't know (El also has a third meaning, a country. But I don't think el means country in this particular atasözü). Meaning is quite simple, no matter how talented and skillful you are at something, someone else will beat you. So you should not boast about your skills and instead be modest. Here's another atasözü that's also related to those concepts:
"Bükemediğin eli öpeceksin."
Translation: "You should kiss the hand that you couldn't twist." Think of wrestling, you try to twist your opponent's hand to incapacitate them. But if you can't do that so your opponent is superior, you should accept your defeat and congratulate them (by kissing their hand and accepting their superiority). This is the general meaning. So it's like saying GGWP unironically at the end of a game you lose.
Here's the last one:
"Kurtla kuzuyu yiyip, çobanla oturup ağlar."
Translation "He/she eats the sheep with the wolf, then cries with the shepherd." I think the meaning is understandable without explanation. This is a saying about hypocrite people. They will do stuff that is deteriorating for some people, but later still act like they are on their side.
Ne kadar güzel örnekler vermişsiniz ❤
That was quite fun to read. Thanks for sharing!
Thanks for sharing. I liked it.
haberin olsun, atasözünün İngilizce'deki karşılığı "proverb"
These are great! Really gives you a window into Turkish culture
Native English speaker that learned Turkish as their second-ish language (i think my second is really French from throughout grade school, but i didn't become fluent until after i learned Turkish so idk). i gotta say, my impression is that Turkish is an excellent gateway language. Its pronunciation is simple and consistent enough to pick up quickly, but complicated enough with its agglutination and vowel harmony to shake you out of your own linguistic context and force you to notice more about how languages are constructed and categories defined. But amazingly, as you wrap your head around it, you realize how those rules somehow distill any concept or detail you need to communicate into a single letter, making speech concise (agglut.) and easy (harmony).
What's more, as mentioned in the video and other comments, Turkish increases widely variating degrees of mutual intelligibility with dozens of languages in several different linguistic families. It's just a little extra boon to finding familiarity in new languages, because the mutual intelligibility is fairly specific. Etiquette and bureaucratic words (among other household items and religious observances) from Arabic, modern science jargon and technology words (among other household items) from French; but as pointed out by others, some syntactical features such as word order from Korean, Japanese, and some northern Chinese dialects. i'd add that agglutination and specifically compound nouns also work quite similar to some Germanic languages as well. i can't speak for South Asian or Slavic/Cyrillic languages, except that there are a few cognates shared between Turkish and Bosnian. Point is, those languages in turn will share many features with other languages, so you may have just a little bit more familiarity and an easier time with branching out in several different directions depending on your interests/needs.
It's a really cool and super gorgeous language, and I love how Turkish phrases can fold and unfold themselves depending on how much detail is needed, as well as create ample opportunity for creative experimentation with word and suffix order due to all the nuances that come from having the emphasis and focus of a sentence/word near the end of it (and omg Turkish literature 😍). If nothing else, not a lot of people outside Turkic countries seem to pick up the language at all, so it can be a handy thing to know to make you that little bit more indispensable in some office, government, customer service, and non-profit occupations. Fantastic language to learn, 8/10 (while also largely consistent, its agglutinative rules and nuances will bamboozle you for many years)
Who are your favorite turkish authors or poets?
There is tons of loan words in souther Slav languages; shishman in Bulgarian, Celik in Serbian etc..
@@elturco69 you are confused. It is not because our language is too different, it is because or education system is sht and students are too lazy. That's it.
@@mehmeterciyas6844 i speak turkish english and french and i can say its bc language is different if u would teach turkish people japanese or chinese they would learn those languages tok easy like how westerns learn european languages so yes its because languages are different just like how english people see chinese turk people see the english in the same way
please keep your stinky canadian hands off from Turkish literature
Teşekkürler. Turkish is one of the best languages. What Im gonna say might come weird but: It is hard to learn, easy to master. And words are read as they are written so there is zero pronunciation problems. Thanks for the vid mate.
Thank you! I appreciate the Super Thanks!
ترکی زبان نیست لهجس 😂
Türkçe sözcükler yazıldığı gibi okunmaz yanlış bilgi veriyorsunuz. Yazım ve telaffuzda farklılıklar vardır.
Seems like a LOT of people have different opinions on this language, whether its hard or not. But everyone seems to agree it sounds nice
I learned Tatar at school. I wasn't very interested in it, and I have forgotten most it since graduating, but it's incredible how similar it is to Turkish. No wonder that some friends of mine who migrated to Turkey never had problems adapting to the language
Based Turkic speakers😁
Both Turkic language, tatar and Turkish are sister languages. More over crimean tatar is %80 the same with Turkish
Because we speak the same language as them, Turkish. Turkish is a Kipchak dialect spoken only in Tatarstan. In Turkey, the Oghuz dialect of Turkish is spoken.
Tatar speakers would adopt Turkish in the blink of an eye if they are exposed to it. Two languages are very similar.
@@heavenlymilano Not two languages, but two different dialects. We are the same nation with different dialects of the same language (Oguz, Kipchak and Karluk).
Ben Yunanyim ama Türkçe öğrenmek seviyorum, selamlar Selanikten 🇬🇷
İzmirden selamlar
Selam sana komşu
Sağol güzel insan.
Sen iyi bir insansın
Ankaradan selamlar 🇹🇷♥️🇬🇷
I am Korean, it is very easy for me to learn Turkish.
@AttilaKhan 1453 niye teşekkür ediyon ki onu anlamadım
@AttilaKhan 1453 AHAHASHDQWEH2342OI34T ESEKOGLUESEK
@@alihanhaydar8369 harbiden ne alaka safafsfdsfaafd
@@alihanhaydar8369 hshshshshajxq herhalde Türkçe yurtdışında öğrenmesi çok popüler bir dil olmadığından millet öğrenen birilerini görünce gaza geliyor.
as Turks Korean and Japanese are very easy for us too
As a native Azerbaijani speaker, learning Turkish for me wasn't hard at all. Azerbaijanis don't even need to learn any grammar or vocabulary. We just watch Turkish TV series. A few months of watching is enough to fully understand and speak Turkish.
😂😂 bizlere dillerimiz otomatik olarak geliyor çok şanslıyız (biz gerçi azerbaycancayı pek anlamıyoruz ama🥲
Azerbaycan Türkçesini anlıyoruz, geçen ay gezmek için 5 gün Bakü'deydim, hiç dil sorunu yaşamadım. Bu arada Bakü şahane güzrl şehir 🇹🇷❤️🇦🇿
Oh come on 😂, you are fellow Turk, you absolutely no need to learn Turkish , you are just familiarizing yourself with different dialect of your own language
@@nnn3388But we don't speak Turkish. Our Language is Azerbaijani came from Ancient Oghuz Turkic like Turkish did as well. My point is that Modern Azerbaijani language isn't a dialect of Anatolian turkish.
@@oguzb.7033Sizin Turkiyeden oldugunuzu gorunce,Turkiye Turkcesi konusmuslardir. Azerbaycan televizyonunda haberleri izleyin bakalim ne kadarini anliyabileceksiniz😂?
As an Uzbek speaker, Turkish is quite easy for me. With some adjustments, I can easily get by in Turkish without much effort.
Me the same with uzbek my friend❤😂. I can already understand a lot when people talk uzbek. Let me live their for only 1 week (max 2 weeks) and I am 100% sure I will be fluent. The accent might be a problem tho. We turkish people don't tend to have that strong slavic accent and the pronunciation might be difficult but nothing impossible. And the persians words that the uzbek language has (a lot more than us) might be a problem. Since we turkish people have 2 words for one thing. Çağır (turkish) and çimen (persian) for grass [only for an example] it might be easy depending on what words you use. [The turkic or the persian one] The same is with Arabic. Most of the loan words we have are actually not needed but we use it anyway. Anyway, I really wish to visit Uzbekistan one day! Sizi seviyorum gardaşlarım!
What a fascinating language, Paul! Thank you very much for this briefing. This is great stuff!
Merhaba arkadaş
Biraz Türkçe biliyorum 🇹🇷
I am Romanian 🇷🇴 from Cluj-Napoca but made a lot of Turkish friends and I'm learning the language now
Türkçe çok kolay 👌🏻 haha hayır Türkçe güzel ama zor
Got a couple good friends Ilgit ve Mustafa who live in Eskişehir,Ilgit said if I go there I can stay at her place
Romanyaya esenlikler olsun çok güzel Türkçe konuşuyorsun kardeşim 🇹🇷💙🇷🇴
@@Ozgur81_38 mersi 🙂
@@Paul20661 Öncelikle "Mersi" fransız kökenli bir sözcük olduğu için "Teşekkürler" veya "Sağol" deseydin daha iyi olurdu ama yine de iyi yaptın. Sonracığıma bizim Türk kezbanı Ilgıt'a bak sen, elin Romanya'lı erkeğine gelirsen bende kalabilirsin diyor. ŞİMDİ ORADA DUR BAKALIM. Umarım ki hükümetimiz Ilgıt'a ve onun hain planlarına "HOOP burada dur" diyecektir. Güzel ülkemde bu kadar abaza dururken sen nereye kalkıp da adam ithal ediyosun? Tövbee...
I feel sooooo proud of myself that I was able to translate this all on my own 💚
There is hope for my Türkçe
As a native speaker, I would like to mention a very interesting feature of Turkish (as far as i know) that is not found in any other language: witnessing. This is a feature that occurs in the past tense conjugation. There are two types of past tenses in Turkish, the past tense with "miş" and the past tense with "di". It means that you did not witness an event that took place in the past tense with "miş". When you make a sentence with the past tense with "di", however, it is understood that that event is take place with your witness.
For example:
"Postacı mektup getirdi" and "Postacı mektup getirmiş" both are translated into English as "the postman brought a letter" - with a loss of meaning. However, from the sentence "Postacı mektup getirdi", it is understood that you witnessed that the postman brought a letter. From the sentence "Postacı mektup getirmiş", it is understood that you did not witness the postman bringing a letter and you saw the letter when you came home or you were informed about the event by someone else. More interesting one is "Postacı mektup getirmişti." sentence. From this sentence it can be understood that the postman brought a letter. You (the person i am talking with) did not witness this. I've witnessed it and I'm telling you this. There is also a different form used mostly in informal sentences, "Postacı mektup getirmişmiş". It can be understood from this sentence: he/she said that the postman brought a letter. I did not witness. He/she says he/she witnessed it. Most likely he/she is lying and the postman didn't bring any letters. The interesting thing is that all the sentences I gave above are translated into English as "the postman brought a letter".
This feature is already applied to all other tenses. You can think of a tense construct as the plain stand-alone version of the witnessed and the version with the attachment "miş" as not witnessed: "Postacı mektup getirecek". In this case, you directly have the information that the postman will bring the letter and you are sure. "Postacı mektup getirecekmiş". In this case, someone else gave you the information that the postman would bring the letter. Until recently, you did not have this information.
"Postacı mektup getiriyor" "Postman is bringing a letter now" in this case, you directly accessed the information about the postman bringing the letter. It's like you saw the postman coming, or he called you and said he was bringing a letter. "Postacı mektup getiriyormuş", in this case, someone else gave you the information that the postman is bringing a letter.
And these days it is called as “ gossip tense “ on the internet and i think it is hilarious
This feature is not unique to Turkish. It's called evidentiality and it's present in a wide array of languages, particularly in native languages of South America. They often have complicated systems of evidentiality where they can distinguish between direct information, inference, and hearsay.
German can do something similar with modal verbs, for instance:
"Der Postbote hat den Brief gebracht." - the postman has delivered the letter; I know for certain.
"Der Postbote wird den Brief gebracht haben." - I'm guessing the postman has delivered the letter, or I have inferred it from other information.
"Der Postbote soll den Brief gebracht haben." - Other people have told me he has delivered the letter, I know it from hearsay.
"Der Postbote muss den Brief gebracht haben." - Based on other factors, I can only logically conclude that the postman has delivered the letter.
Though Turkish is the only 'big' language that systematically employs evidentiality I know of and it is a pretty cool feature.
We have different tenses for the German examples you gave in addition to evidential tense.
Der Postbote wird den Brief gebracht haben(Postacı mektubu getirmiş olacak/The mailman will have delivered the letter)
Der Postbote muss/soll den Brief gebracht haben (Postacı mektubu getirmiş olmalıydı/The mailman must have brought the letter)
But exclusive to Turkish we have: Postacı mektubu getir(miş) which would mean “I’ve been told that the mailman had brought the letter.”
@@InfiniteBeach101ede Almanlar onun için Plusquamperfekt kullanıyorlar, ayrıca bu kullanım başka dillerde de bulunuyor. Türkçeye özel değil
der Postbote hatte den Brief gebracht / postacı mektubu getirmiş
@@InfiniteBeach101 burda ekstra "olmak" yardımcı fiili ekleniyor ama. türkçede bunu ek fiil ile sağlıyoruz, farkı o. geniş zamanın hikayesi(gelirdi), gelecek zamanın rivayeti(gelecekmiş) gibi bir sürü farklı varyasyonu aynı ekleri farklı sıralarda ekleyerek sağlayabiliyoruz. türkçenin alametifarikası da bu bence: birçok farklı nüansı tek kelime ile verebilmek. almancada buna benzer plusquamperfekt var sanırım, o sadece miş'li geçmişin hikayesini kapsıyor.
I'm learning Turkish by myself here in Brazil. The worst grammatical part for me, who is in the beginning is the vowel harmony.
It is good for your mouth and the person's ear who listens to you.
You dont have to make big changes in your mouth during a word.
All rules simply based on not to change your mouth and tounge's position too much. When you catch that it will be easier to understand all 👍🏻
That's OK. The vowel harmony is hard for non-native speakers but don't worry people will still understand you if you say the ending of the word softly.
When you need help I can help you.
Turkish is not an easy language and I am saying this as a native speaker. English is much simpler in my opinion. My foreign friends who live in Turkey learned Turkish incredibly fast. I think it is related to the fact that they were surrounded with Turkish speakers and had opportunity to practise it. I guess practice helps.
I like the word of "Uzay". It means space and this word comes from "uzamak" that means stretching and I think this word has an amazing different sense as for that word of space or outer space
Hiç fark etmemiştim. Elimin altında olan bir şeyi ilk kez görmüş gibi oldum.
Süpermiş 😮
@ Haydar Ari _ There are many similar examples in the Turkish language, which always fascinate me.
For example, the Turkish word "güvey", which means "bridegroom", is unknown to many Turks, or they don't know what it means. If I said "damat" , which is originally a persian word, every Turk would understand the meaning of the Turkish word "güvey". But if I were to add the Turkish phrase/idiom "kendi kendine gelin güvey oluyorsun", every Turk would also understand the meaning of the word "güvey".
Or the Turkish word "ic güveysi" (meaning: son-in-law who lives with the family of his wife).
The original word in the Turkish language for "bridegroom" is not "damat", but actually "güve/güvey" and it comes from the Turkish word "güvenmek", which means something like "trust". The deeper meaning of this word "güve/güvey" is that the Turkish language equates the "güvey", so the "bridegroom", with "trust" or "entrust" (entrust the bride). Exactly this deeper meaning in the word itself, is what fascinates me.
footnote:
Definition of ""gelin güvey olmak"" in English:
"make illusions"
"reckon without one's host"
"to build castles in Spain"
"enjoy happy daydreams"
"to count one's chickens before they're hatched"
@@salihagokova5948 vaooww thanks for this excellent fact, I appreciate 😊
Yeah to be more precise uzamak is more like “extending”. Imagine a word fabricated as “extenditure” or “extendity” to mean space
Those who are interested in learning Turkish: yes it might seem complicated but when you learn the rule once, you can apply it to all. Because it is strictly systematic without any exception.
I'm an American who has been living in Turkey for one year now and am natively bilingual in English and Arabic. The Turkish vocabulary isn't too difficult for me, but the grammar feels like a giant puzzle that I'm [mostly!] enjoying piecing together. But one of the great things I noticed about Turks is that they seem to be patient and good listeners and I wonder if that is due to the way their language is constructed - one must pay attention until the end to know the point being made, so it doesn't make sense to interrupt in the middle of the sentence 😅
Yeah you made a great assumption! Due to the verbs being at the end of the sentences, for example, who did what? question gets answered with the word that at the end of the sentence, so you have to wait to hear to the end of the sentence, but it's not the case always. In formality, yes we have SOV rule, but not in daily life. Basically you can say I went to the cafe to drink coffee which translates to Kahve içmeye kafeye gittim , the verb "gitmek -> gittim(past tense)" at the end of the sentence, but you can say these too which all have the same meaning: Kafeye gittim kahve içmeye, Gittim kafeye kahve içmeye, Kahve içmeye gittim kafeye, Kafeye kahve içmeye gittim etc. and all these sentences doesn't sound wrong to us. Pretty weird when you think about it 😂
Each language has its own system and logic structure. This affects the way people think. There is a very nice proverb in Turkish that explains this. "one language one person" So the more languages you know, the more you think differently.
I am a Turk, and I don't think we are good listeners. You can think like that because of the special language system of Turkish. I mean we have to listen to the speaker at the end of the speech to understand the point of the matter.
good point!
@@aysegul2955 kinda like German right? super interesting
6:15 this just blew my mind. In hungarian, we have the word "vásár" (meaning market) and "vasárnap" (meaning sunday, but it also means market-day) ("nap" meaning day) from this perspective the words pazar and vásár seem similar. We also have the word pazar but it means magnificent or profuse or luxurious. So we do have something in common. We also have the word "bazár" meaning the same thing az bazaar but "vásár" is more commonly used.
Really interesting! That's probably a remnant of the Ottoman Empire's rule over Hungary.
@@shinydewott That is very likely. OOOOR it might be something waaay back from Bashkiria or something because hungarian and turkic tribes were in contact more than once before settling in europe.
@@kavics98 Considering the word Pazar came to us from Persian, I doubt the word spread to the Hungarian/Uralic from Turkish before the Seljuks(where the Iranian-Turkish interaction really took off), and at that point Arpad had already taken over the Carpathians.
@@shinydewott Now that i think about it, you're probably right.
Wow man as a turk your comment blew my mind as well
I'm a Turk and this is a very nice breakdown of fundamentals of Turkish. Thanks for making the video.
My pleasure! Thanks for the comment.
As kazakh, it will be easy to learn it for us, the rules are clear and understandable
Türkler çabuk öğrenir.Son derece doğal bir durum.
Yeah Turkic languages are pretty similar
Kazakhs are Turkic peoples.they speak Turkish with some variations.
As a non-speaker and a non-learner of Turkish, after this video I find that Turkish is a very interesting language and it doesn't seem too hard to learn. As you said at the end, its functionning is systematic, it feels to me as though Turkish remains logical. Its vowel harmony is also an interesting a "unique" feature !
As far as I know, Hungarian, Võro Language of Estonia etc. have similar vowel harmony rules but Turkic languages have some extras.
It is not really hard to learn once you get the logic you can even don’t have to learn about rules of other additions (ek), you can guess how it should be structured because turkish grammar has philosophy based on harmony and you simply implement same logic on everything but it might be hard to get used to it and speak fluently for english speakers if your first language is finnish hungarian japanese or korean so you can learn it really fast i think
@@3ckortreat my native language is French and I speak English and German. Not the best ones to understand Turkish's logic but don't worry, I'm not (yet) planning to.
I don't know what makes you think that Turkish isn't hard to learn. It definitely is, especially if you come from another language family.
Syntax doesn't mean dogshit when it comes to rate the difficulty in learning a language. Chinese has a very easy syntax and misses many features and concepts that other languages have. But it's still among the hardest language to learn out there.
@@GarnetTillAlexandros Learning Turkish is not hard at all according to people that I have met who learned Turkish.
But, for instance, for native English speakers, to speak Turkish without accent is almost impossible. For some reason, only Persian speakers have ability to speak it without accent.
One of my favorite idiom in Turkish as a native speaker is "Karadeniz'de gemilerin mi battı?" It's literal meaning is "Did your ships sink in the Black Sea?" We say this jokingly to the people who looks sad and intensely lost in thought. It's for breaking the ice and start a conversation with people in a bad mood.
If you’re open to suggestions, a rebooted language showcase for Finnish would be awesome.
SUOMİ SUOMİYET SUBAR SUT ÇUVAŞ...
Do you know any finnish youtube channel? I love to hear finnish. It doesn't really matter what is about. All i can find is finnish channels with english speaking youtubers. So if you can recommend me i would be really glad.
i think he needs to redo all of the agglutinative languages except for hungarian
@@disconnect9084 Roni Back is one of the most "famous" Finnish TH-camrs. He does as far as I know all his content in Finnish. It's the sort of channel that seems to be geared towards older teens and people in their early twenties.
Agreed! It lacked a lot of features of Finnish!!
When you explain it like this Turkish sounds rather complicated huh?
One of the cooler features in Turkish that is not mentioned here is the reported past tense. For some reason we have a past tense for the events we haven't witnessed and it is quite useful imo.
The Turks call it the past but it's applicable to present too. A phrase like "Öğrenciymiş" can be translated as "He says he is a student" or "He says he was a student". Sounds like "don't hold me accountable, I just said what he told me". This tense can also be used to express conclusions about events when you only see indications. You see your kids bag at the door: "Ali gelmiş" - "It looks like Ali has come".
It's a pity Paul missed this feature in the re-make although it was in the original.
@@ilghiz So another re-remake is needed
Can you give me an example of what you mean? :) I'm a Turkish learner ❤
@@barborajezkova8393 It is called "-mış'lı geçmiş zaman"
As an example lets translate the next sentence
"My dog ran away."
If you have witnessed it yourself you would say:
"Köpeğim kaçtı."
But if you haven't witnessed it yourself this changes. In that case you would say:
"Köpeğim kaçmış."
They kinda mean the same thing but when you say "kaçmış" it means you didn't witness the event. Maybe you heard about it or maybe you came back from home and found out that the dog had ran away.
Also as ilghiz mentioned it is applicable to present too
We invented that tense specific for gossiping.
I am currently learning Japanese and the Turkish grammar is very similar to the Japanese one. I tried Turkish and it sounds amazing, I hope to learn it and visit Turkiye one day :)
👏
Umarım gelirsin seni ağırlamaktan onur duyarız ve kebap yemeyi sakın unutma 😊
The 2005 edition of Güncel Türkçe Sözlük, the official dictionary of the Turkish language published by Turkish Language Association, contains 104,481 words, of which about 86% are Turkish and 14% are of foreign origin. Among the most significant foreign contributors to Turkish vocabulary are Arabic, French, Persian, Italian, English and Greek.
TDKya inanma kardeş, çok çarpıtıyor onlar. Yabancı kökenli kelime oranı çok daha fazla
Turkish has times more vocabulary than that. That is just in that dictionary.
You said it right but this words also have synonyms
Nomadic Enjoyer Hello. I wanted to ask a question. After all, the ancient Turks had contact with the Mongols and Chinese. Are there really no borrowed words from these languages? As far as I know, the word Demir(iron) and the word Ulus (nation) came from the Chinese and Mongolian languages?
There is an interesting feature of Turkish to say “.. and stuff”. For example “sucuk mucuk” means “sucuk and stuff”. You repeat the same word by replacing the first consonant with “m” (or prepend “m” if the word starts with a wovel). Of course if the word starts with “m”, you use a different trick like “meyve filan”.
LOL, as a Turkish myself I can say, words that starts with "m" just make my brain stop for a second cuz i cant repeat it with switching the first letter. I be like "meyve, meyve.. oh hell what should I do then😭😭"
Similar stuff can be found in Yiddish (thereby in English):
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shm-reduplication
The links also mentions its existence in Turkish:
Zuckermann (2009) mentions in this context the Turkic initial m-segment conveying a sense of "and so on" as in the Turkish sentence dergi mergi okumuyor, literally "magazine 'shmagazine' read:NEGATIVE:PRESENT:3rd person singular", i.e. "(He) doesn’t read magazines, journals or anything like that"
@@Taimaz_ikisuji bizde de benzer bir kullanım var ama o kadar yaygın değil sanırım. Sizin kullanıma cümle olarak örnek verebilir misin merak ettim :)
In Anatolian turkish it would be “patates matates al”. You can still say “patates falan al birseyler iste”
There is the same feature in Persian, for example "derakht merakht" tree and stuff or "ghaza maza" food and stuff. If the word already starts with an M, then the following word begins with a P like "mive pive" fruit and stuff or "mahi pahi" fish and stuff.
As Tatar (another Turkic-speaking nation) I have to agree that the system is very consistent and easy to learn. I know 3 languages and "tatar tele" (means the Tatar language) seems the most straightforward because Turkic languages have a highly organized system from the beginning mostly without exceptions.
Volga or Crimean?
@@papazataklaattiranimam Volga
@@nurshatkalimullin5190 cool
@@nurshatkalimullin5190 do you know Turkish?
@@papazataklaattiranimam I understand some of it due to Turkic roots of our languages but never have been studying it.
The timing is crazy! I'll start to learn turkish in a few days. Thanks Paul🇹🇷❤️🇮🇹
Why did you decide to learn Turkish? Can you explain?
@@replax7531 the language sounds good, they are mediterraneans so they share a lot of similarities with us. Furthermore, Turkey has ancient history, great food and nice people
@@paolodominici202 It sounds terrible , they are not mediterraneans at all , they share nothing with you , they don’t have ancient history what are you even talking about ? Nothing you visited there belongs to them , worst food ever and stop playing food for Gods sake
@@paolodominici202 Ciao Paolo 😊 I am from Turchia. I live in Italy. I start learn Italian too 😉
İyi şanslar
About your final question:
I have a Chilean friend who has learnt Turkish pretty well in years. He can speak some other languages too. And he says “virtually nothing I learned grammarwise works in real life, Turkish is completely spoken with proverbs and expressions to memorize” which is true. We rarely use direct/simple verbs in our daily conversations. Some examples:
Eli kulağında (his hand on his ear) : He’s about to arrive
Geçmiş olsun (may it be past): get well soon
Olsa dükkan senin (if i had it, the shop is yours): i’d give you if i had
Kurtlarımızı dökelim (let’s spill our worms out): let’s have fun (by dancing)
İki dirhem bi çekirdek (two dirhams, one seed) : nicely dressed
Göz kulak olmak (be an eye and an ear): to keep an eye on…
Leş gibi (like a dead animal): filthy or heavily…
Ayaklarıma kara sular indi (black waters went down on my feet) : i’m exhausted
Kafam bi dünya (my head weighs a world): i’m concerned / drunk /worried / high
Eşşek yüküyle para (money worth a donkey load): too expensive
Gözden düşmek (fall from the eye): to lose trust
Buyur, burdan yak (here we go, burn it from here): cherry on top
Kaş göz yapmak (to do eye and eyebrow) : to speak with mimics
Sakal yapmak ( to do beard): to earn the daily money (out of an unexpected opportunity
Abayı yakmak ( to burn the cloak) : to fall in love
Havalara uçmak ( to fly up to skies -literally, airs): to be very happy
Ayağını denk almak (to align the foot): to be careful
…..
And probably hundreds of thousands of others like that. We use those literally more than regular verbs and dictionary words. That’s why Google Translate or other digital translations SUCK in Turkish.
there are dedicated websites like tureng which might help with expressions/idioms (bunu okuyan herkese diyorum. sadece sana değil 😊)
@@proCaylak Tureng does well translating Turkish into English. Not visa-versa. No English entry will give these results which we heavily use in daily speech:
-E kısmet artık
-Yok artık, daha neler!
- Bana baksana sen!
-Kenafir gözlü
-Oldu canım!
-Gelmiş işte.
-Keçileri kaçırmak üzereyim
-Dımdızlak ortada kaldık
Etc. Etc….
@@Jazzgin well, it's not all-encompassing. But still, it provides close enough meaning(s) even if it isn't spot on. Of course sometimes it's impossible to provide exact translations for words like "hoşbulduk".
@@proCaylak What i mean is, what you learn in Turkish lessons as a foreigner doesn’t cover the actual speech in Turkish life. You might come to a point where you can express everything you mean but understanding the organic speech of native speakers will take a lifetime of dedication, attention, memorization and solving the semantic equations. Even understanding the concept of “kıpkırmızı, yemyeşil, yepyeni, masmavi, koskocaman, miniminnacık, dopdoğal” might take years of practice.
@@Jazzgin no doubt, turkish language is "dipdifferent" about being a natural with those expressions.
Thank you for this video. :) As someone who recently had an interest in learning Turkish and someone who loves your channel, your old video about Turkish was nothing compared to the quality of your newer videos. Your presentation skills have greatly improved!
Thanks, Juan!
I liked this reboot. It is as extensive as it should get for a youtube video. Thank you.
As a native Turkish speaker, I sometimes literally translate expressions for fun. For example, when instructing someone while they're parking a car: "Topla gel". It's roughly "Stop steering and come". But most people translate it as "Come with the ball" as a joke.
In the first case it's a verb, "Topla" -> "Tidy up". In the latter case it's a noun with instrumental case, "Top-la" -> "With the ball".
The word order and agglutination looks a lot like Japanese. I’d be interested to see a video showing if there are any deeper similarities between Turkish and Japanese language. 🥰
turks are mix of scythians and proto-mongolians. in 2000 bc, schythians came from iran to today mongolia. there were proto-mongolian people. they lived together there, married each other and turks has born there.
turkic languages, including turkish, carry proto-mongolian logic mostly. proto-mongolians came from china to today mongolia. because of this, logic of proto-mongolian, KOREAN and JAPANESE languages are similar.
these is a "northern china" connection between japanese and turkish language. because proto-mongolians and descendants of japanese people lived there together, once upon a time.
turkic, mongolian, tungusic, korean and japanese people are related, so their languages are related too.
As a native turkish speaker and japanese learner, only similarities i found with both languages are: both of them are phonetic and both of them are agglutinative languages.
A Turkish friend of mine also thinks they're similar (at least grammar-wise). Both very agglutinative and SOV. However Turkish doesn't have topic-comment word order (to my knowledge) which is also heavily used in Japanese and Korean
@@kemalerdemsahin410I GIVE! I GIVE! UNCLE! UNCLE!
I'm wrong. Japanese is an agglutinative language, with some analytic features, like particles.
There. *_Is everyone happy now?_*
When I think, "agglutinative language," I think of two examples: "Turkish" and "Finnish".
The use of particles instead of case-suffixes in Japanese threw me. *I ADMIT THAT I GOT IT WRONG!!!*
Is that sufficient? Or do I have to break out a scourge and whip myself 40 times while chanting, "Mea Culpa. Mea Maxima Culpa." to finally get all of you off of my back?
@@John_Weiss The verbal morphology of Japanese is definitely not analytic, as it stacks suffixes onto each other to indicate grammatical function.
Thank you for this video, Paul. It was a very nice revamp.
I've dabbled with Turkish before Japanese became my nearly exclusive pursuit and I must say that I didn't find it overwhelming. Challenging? Yes. Too difficult to learn? Absolutely not.
My impression is that very little is "random" or "irregular" in the language. Turkish appears to have a inner consistency, a structure that is far easier to detect than it is the case in many other languages.
The phonetic changes, just to mention something that can appear daunting, have their logic and if you know your phonetics, even at a basic level, you memorise them easily. Grammar is different from that of IE languages and that will take some adjusting, but it doesn't leave you shaking your head in self commiseration.
Very punctual anchorings…
I have been in Turkey twice this year (three times in general, 8 years ago for the first time), I've started to learn turkish about two months ago. I'm still on very basic level but I'm absolutely in love with this language and I want to visit Turkey again next year. I have some turkish friends and after learning some basics, after watching this video and after reading the comments I'm finally understanding why turk people use weird english sentences sometimes and now it's so obvious for me! I was learning a lot of languages in the past (I'm polish btw) but I'm surprised how pleasant turkish is for me. It's so satisfying to learn.
Turkic languages are very similar on the whole, except for the highly divergent Chuvash language of the Volga region of Russia . I would say they differ less on the whole than say, the Germanic languages . They certainly aren’t all mutually intelligible, but it’s still quite easy for speakers of the different Turkic languages to learn one of those which are not immediately intelligible .
For example, there’s probably less difference between the Uighur language and the Turkish of Turkey than between German and Danish despite the fact that German and Danish are geographically right next to each other and Turkish and Uighur are geographically very distant .
This might even be an understatement. As a central-western native German, even written Danish is a case of guesswork and conjecture. Spoken, it's a total mumble with maybe one familiar phoneme every 10 words or so.
Germanic languages splitted several centuries before most Turkic languages a fairer comparison for Turkic would be Slavic as both started to break off in the early middle ages (excluding Oghur Turkic)
I think its safe to liken them to say the Romance languages, which are all relatively similar and easy to learn for each other. They are more similar then the Germanic languages (although I should note Romanian is very different in numerous ways to the other Romance languages due to its different influences). Unless they are even more similar then I realize, which seems unlikely considering the geographic differences and the differences in influences.
nomad moment
Yemin ediyorum her yerdesin, bu nasıl bir enerji :))
Turkish is on my list of languages to learn. Once I get to a decent enough level with the ones I'm currently learning, Turkish will be next. Fascinating to know more about how the language works.
How many languages do you know?
@@metternich_999 English is my native language. Intermediate level Spanish and beginner level European Portuguese...at the moment.
Unbelievably correct and detailed video. Congrats and thank you Paul.
This was incredibly well researched and I didn't catch any mistakes, great video!
The earliest known Turkic inscription is the attested Jie language recorded in the 4th century AD likely followed by Western Hunnic of the mid 400's AD. Both belong to the Oghuric branch
Reconstruction of the Turkic Jie language, spoken by the Jie people, a Xiongnu tribal group
su-Ø kete-r erkan
boklug-gu tukta-ŋ
English translation : When/as the army goes out, capture the Boklug (a chief) !
The Hunnic inscription on a dinner plate belonging to the last ruler of the Huns, Dengizich, was identified as Turkic. The Hunnic sample of Khan Diggiz plate ;
kinkeg dikkiz ükü essä - kijü sax sax saxynil gür täηrig
English translation : Beware of king Dikkiz the Wise's blow ! Retreat to the Tengri (God) beyond the world!
I wrote an article about that and it's no longer true.. jie is an unknown language and no languages fit it.
As a Spanish speaker, Turkish naturally is difficult for me, however I had the experience of study Korean which has similar grammar then I can say it was a bit easier for me on that aspect. Comparing Turkish with Korean, even though both languages for me are difficult, Turkish feels like it makes more sense than Korean XD And I love and find interesting the fact you can say a lot in just one word.
Türkçe senin için öğrenmesi en kolay dil. bizde İspanyolcayı rahat öğrenebiliriz cümle yapıları aynı ☺️
Hola. ¿Qué tan parecidos son el turco con el árabe, persa y mongol?@@bilgeubal
@@bilgeubal nerden duydun bunu ??? ispanyolca ile türkçe benzer değiller :d
@@ivanovichdelfin8797 onlardan kelimeler dışında birşey aldığımızı düşünmüyorum . Günlük olarak kullandığımız pek çok kelime arapça ve fransızcadan gelmekte .
Thank you so much for taking the time to give this language the recognition it truly deserves! It really means a lot!
I lived in Turkiye for a few months and its my long layover when i go to Kyrgyzstan so the language has always been so interesting to me.
I've studied Turkish a little bit, although my Turkish is basic at best. As a native English speaker, the suffix system/vowel harmony stuff was a bit strange at first, but as Paul said at the end of the video, highly systematic (it kind of reminds me of maths in this sense) and is easier to get used to than it may seem.
What I find much harder about Turkish is the word order. It's ok in more basic examples (like in this video) but in sentences with say, 7, 8 or more words - it really becomes a bit of a puzzle to decipher. It also makes me wonder if Turkish people feel the same way about English word order.
Regardless, it's a really interesting language. I love the sound of it and hopefully one day I can go back to Turkey and get a bit better at it!
it is hard for a turkish person to learn english since english is svo, does not have many similar words with turkish, not phonetic and not an agglutinative language.
Yeap, Turkish people also struggle with English a lot. I personally love languages so it wasnt a big problem for me but most of my friends are really having hard times to learn it lol. But once you got the fundamentals of English grammar, it becomes easier to speak without thinking
One important feature of Turkish different than English (and many European language) is verb order is secondary. SOV is recommended and common but if not use will not be grammatically wrong. The reason is that sufiixes determines the task of the word. For example, an Turkcell (mobile phone service provider) use the sentence "Connect to life with Turkcell" in three different form. "Turkcelle bağlan hayata", "Hayata bağlan Turkcelle", "Bağlan Turkcelle hayata". All three is gramtically true in Turkish. And you can hear non SOV structure in daily life (As far as I see this is not the case in English). As far as I know Latin language is similar and SVO or SOV is just author preference and can be change over centruries. But generally this is forgetten for Turkish even it seems to me very interesting difference.
For me one of the hardest thing about English is answering a negative yes or no question.
For example "So you didnt like this video?" If I want to say I dont like the video, my Turkish mind goes like this first I should approve your question since you guess right and give my answer. Which that means "Yes, I didnt like the video." But in English I had to say No in begining. Still confuses me thats why I only answer question. I dont use yes or no.
@@ahmethakantozlu1389 That’s actually a _very_ confusing thing in English because the answer to “So, you didn’t like the video?” is actually “No, I didn’t” _or_ “No, I did” (not “Yes”-in other words, “No” for either response). I have never seen a grammar lesson _anywhere_ (in a book or online) that actually addresses this point. (I think it’s so embarrassingly illogical that people just like to pretend that it doesn’t exist.)
As for me, a native speaker of English, I answer negative questions as you might in Turkish-“Yes, I didn’t”/ “No, I did”-I did that even as a five-year-old, my dad says-and, while it’s a little weird for the person I’m responding to, he or she always gets it. (I’m _not_ recommending that, however.)
Some Hungarian words are really amazingly similar in sound and meaning to Turkic words. Such parallels between different (by language families) languages are really amazing.
For example Mother (in Hungarian will be like - ANYA ) (in Turkic-Kazakh will be like - ANA )
Big (in Hungarian will be like - NAGY), (in Turkic-Kazakh will be like - NÄN )
Small (in Hungarian will be like - KICSI ), (in Turkic-Kazakh will be like - KIŞI )
Sea (in Hungarian will be like - TENGER ), (in Turkic-kazakh will be like - TEÑIZ )
Cat (in Hungarian will be like - MACSKA), (in Turkic-Kazakh will be like - MYSYK ).
Turkish language has two different past tense which give different meanings. One gives the meaning that action or situation ( the information) is learned later or heard from ( or the information is given by) someone else. And the other one gives the meaning that subject witnesses or learns the information himself/herself. For example if i say “ Abim sabah okula gitmiş” it can be translated as “my brother went to school in the morning” but i didn’t see that, someone else or he gave me this information later. If i say “ Abim sabah okula gitti” it can be translated as “my brother went to school in the morning“ too, but this time I witnessed myself that he was going to school in the morning. Past tenses with -miş and -di suffixes make this difference.
Yup, that's a very significant feature, mostly unseen in Indo-European languages.
Dilimizi ne kadar da güzel anlatmışsın. Emeklerine sağlık. Çok teşekkür ederim. Keep on good work
Bro, this guy kinda better than whole native turkish teachers. I finnally learn something about grammar about turkish after 14 years of education with this video. You are the best !
I love turkish language so much and I definitely want to study it next year at my uni (besides my main language). Since I am Serbian at first I was only familiar with vocabulary but because I have listened to the language so much through some films ant TV shows when I was younger I now have very good knowledge of it. I can understand quite a lot. Their grammar is very different to ours and since I've never really studied it, I can't speak it but I hope one day I will...
In the past, many people from Bosnia migrated to Turkey and I saw that these people learned Turkish very quickly. Slavs learn Turkish more easily than any European.
Definitely. Bosnian people who migrated to Turkey adapted to the language pretty quick, quicker than any refugee groups. I believe it will be really easy for you to understand since you already listened to it.
thank you so much for making this video! i'm a turk who's studying applied linguistics and i've seen your original video so many times... i'd somehow never noticed that we don't have a word for "have" before!
i know this isn't an interesting expression or idiom, but it's probably my favorite word in turkish so i want to share it: arkadaş. "arka" means back and "-daş" is a suffix you use when you share something with someone (e.g. someone who has the same name [ad] as you would be your "adaş") "arkadaş" means friend, so it's literally someone who has your back and you have theirs!
The history part was very accurate! And I am so happy you included Atatürk. Atatürk is a very powerful historical figure for both Turkish history and world history. His work should be recognised more! And today, 19th of May, is the day he went to Samsun to alert people to defend the country together. We wouldn't be watching this video if it wasn't for him. Great respect for him, rest in peace Atatürk. Toprağı bol olsun. (May his tomb have lots of soil)
The Turks I know tell me that critizising Atatürk in the past meant prison and that he was basically a dictator like any other.
@@cyrusol they simply lying to you. he was a dictator but not in a bad way. no one would go to jail if they would critize him. there are many examples. he was undoubtly genius and great leader, founded and saved country and commanded a war.
@@cyrusol The Turks you know are probably islamists.
@@cyrusoltürk diye tanıdığın arkadaşların muhtemelen Kürttür. Kendini Türk olarak tanımlamıştir. Çünkü hiç bir Türk Atatürk'e diktatör demez..
@@cyrusollike what kinda turks are u guys tallking lmao🤦🏻
As a speaker of Bulgarian, I'm always amazed at how many loanwords from Turkish we have, for example "para", which we use mostly in its plural form "pari". It's really nice to learn a bit more about our neighbor language, I always found its complexity daunting but it seems like if you learn the main rules, you'd be off to a good start.
We lived together for 500 years, creating a huge common culture. Very happy to share words.
Turks basically carried Arabic and Persian words to Balkans. Para comes from Persian 'pare' which means reward or money.
@@heavenlymilano doesn't matter
It's not surprising, I am Greek and modern (not ancient) Greek has 1000s of Turkish words. Some are used in everyday simple language, some have different meanings than the same word in Turkish (eg tsoglan is a child in Turkish, but a spoiled or ill-mannered child in common Greek)
I hear you bro.. As a native Turkish speaker, I felt the same when i was studying Persian language.
This is actually a very good lesson of Turkish language in English. Almost everything about how the language works is in it. Great video!
This video was very helpfull! Out of all the videos I watched trying to learn Turkish this is by far where I made more progress. The way you explain the words meaning, their origin and all the nuances really helps me understand turkish voccabulary nuances. I am learning turkish and it's pretty evident all the french words in the vocabulary (tuvalet, merses, pardon). Keep making great videos! It will definetely help me in my trip through Turkiye
I'm from Turkey, and this video made me realize that we have a particularly challenging language to learn.
It seems like Turkish is obsessed with so many grammatical rules and a bunch of vowel/consonant harmonies. It’s true. But the main reason is that it makes the speech more fluent this way. One nice thing about Turkish grammatical rules is that it’s very easy to notice if a word is a loan word. If it violates at least one rule, then it’s very likely to be a loan word. Also, after you get used to, you will realize that there are no irregularities. You don’t need to learn word-wise rules like in English or German. Hear a noun or a verb. You are good to go to use it. Beside this, I understand that the language logic is very different than most European languages. It affects the way you think. Most of the time, you speak speak speak and the last thing you say is the actual verb and subject. Parsing the sentence in mind without knowing both the verb and the subject can be challenging a little bit.
My mother tongue is Turkish and I studied Turkish Language and Literature at the university and I have a master's degree in this subject. I know more about the Turkish language than most Turks do, and I can honestly say that Turkish is a pretty easy language, even though most Turks say the opposite to satisfy their egos. Because it is a very regular language and has almost no exceptions. The alphabet is phonetic and the words have no gender, which is a convenience in itself. Even just by watching this video, you can learn Turkish at a certain level. I can say that one of the reasons why Turkish is an easy language is that after interacting with the Arabs and Persians, the language was taken into the background in terms of literature, and it did not become a deep enough language since it developed late in the field of literature and philosophy. Unfortunately, in time, Turkish words, which were very beautiful, were replaced by Arabic and Persian words, which is a deep wound in my heart. It is a very rich language in terms of idioms and proverbs, but apart from these, I cannot say that it has a great depth of meaning. Especially in recent years, it has become increasingly corrupt because the awareness of protecting their mother tongue is disappearing in people.
Turkish is hard for those who don't have an agglutinative language as their mother tongue. So there's no use associating it to the egos of theirs. Turkish is difficult, real difficult.
@@Tapostlevonesus Of course, the degree of difficulty of other languages varies according to the native language of the people, but this does not change the fact that, as I mentioned in the comment, Turkish is a very regular language, and therefore it is easier to learn than languages with plenty of exceptions.
@@aaniludouz Then it's okay if you're basing your opinion upon the multitude of people who speak Turkish. But both in grammar and pronounciation, especially europian people are most likely to have a metric ton of difficulties, spesifically in pronouncing the wovels.
Fun fact: all the greeting words in Turkish are Arabic, because in early Turkic languages there is no salutation phrase for strangers. To familiar people "esen (b)ol" (be well) was used. But for foreigners, the regular procedure was to ask "boy kim?" (Rough translation : which tribe?) To decide for whether drawing the weapons or just passing by...
İllaha diyorlardır da unutulmuşlardır. Çünkü selamlaşma bir dilin en temel özelliklerinden biridir ve her dilde bulunur.
Esenlikler dilerim. Esen kal/olsun. Özellikle kullanıyorum günlük hayatımda ki yaşatmış olayım.
@@brk29 Keske herkes senin gibi dusunseydi. Yasatmaya devam ettirelim.
Eskiden akıllıymışız
@@maraswBen Kaşgarlı Mahmut'un yalancısıyım... Ama düşününce, göçebelik tarihi otlak ya da askeri güç peşinde birbiriyle savaşan kabilelerle dolu bir insan grubunun dili için yabancılara selam vermemek gibi bir alışkanlık çok da tuhaf gelmiyor. Nezaket kavramı da fazlaca yerleşik hayata ait, ayrıca.
Dear Sir, i like the way how you are explaining and giving a lot of information about languages!
My greetings from Morocco 🇲🇦🌾
Thanks!
Excellent video, Paul! You pack a lot of fascinating information into a short time with interesting visuals.
It's glad to see someone who realizes their mistakes and is able to acknowledge them peacefully, for once. Great video!
Basimin ustunde yerin var!(Turkish) --> You have a place on my head!(English Translation) --> You are always welcome to be my guest or ask for help.(Meaning of idiom in English)
Great reboot!
All I want to add that the SOV sentence structure is teached as grammatically correct at first because you have to start from somewhere which is easiest and simple form but if you don't use SOV, that doesn't mean the sentence is "gramatically incorrect". "3+2" and "2+3" doesn't change the result. In Turkish, "inverted sentences" are sentences where the verb is not at the end of the sentence. Inverted sentences are used for literary purposes, to emphasize, or for practical reasons. Other elements such as the subject and object are arranged depending on emphasis. Usually, the element that is intended to be emphasized the most in the sentence is the one closest to the verb.They are not incorrect or flawed sentences.
It seems hard at the first look but it's like a music theory, majors and minors, mathematics and harmonics. But also you don't have to learn music theory or play an instrument to hear if you or someone hit a wrong note or sing out of tune. Also you can learn to play instrument and be very good at it and even start to compose your own pieces just by practice without getting into mathematics and harmonics. A dozen words can be produced from one root and you can do it as well. It is a language of emotion, thought, logic, science and philosophy in itself. So don't be scared, it's fun language to learn and play around.
Here is an example:
Konuş (speak)
Konuştum (I did speak)
Konuşturdum (I did make someone speak)
Konuşturttum (I did make someone to make someone speak)
Konuşturtturdum (I did make someone to make someone to make someone speak)
The last one might be rarer than one in a billions because how many times you or someone "make someone to make someone to make someone speak"? Even Google search doesn't come up with a single result, but the rule is there if you ever "make someone to make someone to make someone speak" and want to tell the story, lol. I believe Turkish and Turkic languages needs more research.
I have some Turkish friends since 2005, I have even worked with them. And I had a few formal classes, but I got most of it just from being with them on a regular basis. It's a pretty easy language to learn that way, you don't have to think about any vowel harmony nor agglutination rules, you get it by simple situational association and repetition.
In case of Turkish, that’s true. People who study it usually fail :))) but people who watch Turkish series, for example, get the essence of the language and the way of thinking. It’s an analogue language. Gets messy when digitalized.
@@Jazzgin The opposite is true. The Turkish language is considered one of the most mathematically structured languages, especially from a grammatical perspective. As a computer engineer, I can personally attest to its solid and well-structured rules. This viewpoint is shared by many linguists as well.
@@metternich_999 I do not agree at all :))) Mathemarically structured? Even one of the most :))) First off, it doesn’t have to be. Then, it possesses some otherwise beauties like multi-semantic/poetic plasticity which mathematically constructed languages cannot offer as much. Besides, nobody ever sat down and structured this language. It reflects a full image of the native speakers; diverse, alive, ever-changing and very very very flexible. Mathematizing the Turkish language is like trying to weigh the wind.
@@Jazzgin Your feelings are not facts. You are not smart enough to notice that. Smiling won't change that. You are talking about things that you don't know. This is just sad. Stupidity of ignorant people never cease to amaze me. I add you to my dumb list.
My friends who used to be university students attending Turkish universities learned Turkish at an amazing pace. They spent a lot of time with us and they learnt by practising.
Very well made video. As a learner of Turkish, I really have to say that it's not a really hard language after you get to know some of the basics well. Mistakes might be made often, but you can almost always know why they were wrong and how to correct them once they're pointed out, simply using the suffixes and vowel harmony rules. Very intuitive language and lots of things to read. 10/10 would recommend
Were not you the dude who was insulting Turkics under Turkic music videos???
@@xdd87 he is greek, this is his hobby, it is normal, same for turkish nationalists
Hello Paul,
Thanks for the reboot. I have watched your initial video before I went on to study Turkish, and I'm now a TA at university.
I have always liked your language profiles. I suggest you make a video on the concept of evidentiality (kanıtsallık) in Turkish, expressed by the -mIş suffix that is not only exclusive to verbs, but to nouns as well. I would like to see how you view this concept, and most importantly, how an anglophone is supposed to grasp it.
Thanks in advance.
i understand that this is more about the modern usage and not so much about its history, but i believe it could've used a teeny tiny touch of how much some of the words have changed since Ye Olde Göktürk Times: such as "kangı" being the older form of "hangi" (which) [the former respected the vowel harmony] or "ölge" being the older form of "ölüm" (death) but it's nothing big. there are also a good amount of italian and greek loanwords, but i guess they don't even come close to the arabic/persian/french trifecta, which is, understandable.
aside from that, it's a wonderful video. thank you for your work!
Been watching this channel for years and the quality of the videos (editing, content, interest etc), and how thorough the videos are have improved so much. Easily one of my favourite channels
Thank you, Lawrence!
That's epic! After those 7 years the epic comeback will happen, and nearly at the same time with Olly Richards.❤
Atalarımın dili, şimdi 3 boyutlu :]
Kanalına bayılıyorum ❤
As a Turkish speaker this is a perfect video!
I'll be looking forward to it! Love your work :)
Gorgeous video Paul! You just summarized all the grammar lessons we (Turks) took throughout their education. I'm fascinated by how you summarize it.
A video about Turkic languages and their differences/similarities would be great. As a Turkish speaker I can follow Azerbaijani but Turkmenistan or Ozbeklistan languages are harder for me. Maybe that kind of a video would improve the intelligibility
Jesus! How much effort you put it in. Welldone and congrats 🫡
The video I've been looking forward to is finally uploaded!
You can also use , "sağol" or "sağolun" for "Thank you", 'esenlikler" for 'Merhaba" or "Günaydın", "Iyi günler" "iyi akşamlar", "iyi geceler" depending on the time of the day. These are originally Turkish words.
Merhaba is arabic
@@kennethbsr7771 I already hinted that it is NOT Turkish. Even though, originally from Aramaic and Arabic borrowed it from this language, people think, it is Arabic.
Kuran da var merahba o arabic kelime @@Apistoleon
Aramaic ve Arabic are similar
(Aynı Asil yani)these are arabic words
as a native speaker, we say "Seni yerim 🥰" instead of "youre so cute" to a baby or a pet and "seni yerim" litterally means "i eat you 🥰"
I really like the consistency and the simplicity of tha grammatical rules in Turkish. There are hardly any exceptions and overall it is like learn once and use everywhere. Wish German lang was the same as I am trying to learn it
Thanks for such a great and informative video on Turkish language, taking both grammatical and sound-related topics into consideration. I would like to make some additions/corrections that may have gone unnoticed. On the slide starting at 17:35, the evidential past is actually "imiş" with the sound of /imish/ instead of "imi", as far as I could understand the context. As an example, if you say "İstanbul'da yaşamış.", it means "(I've heard that) he/she (has) lived in Istanbul." with additional subject suffixes for different persons. This tense is used for events to which the speaker was not a witness directly. Additionaly on the same slide, I guess the suffix "-da" in "Ankara'da" is marked as "dative" by mistake, since it is actually locative - "I lived in Ankara".
Apart from that, I personally appreciated the recognition of the vowel harmony and consonant mutation and mentions to them throughout the video. Although a foreign speaker of Turkish would still be understood greatly without them paying attention to vowel harmony and the like, I think this poetic feature of sound "acrobatics" may inherently comprise a significant portion of the Turkish grammar, which we as native speakers naturally do not think much while speaking but is particularly interesting under the linguistic lens.
Thank you again for such an inspirational video!
It is impossible the proto-Turkish language to originate in 6th century. Orhun Inscriptions have well established language and writing system. A language to evolve this level must be thousands of years old. Orhun Inscriptions are just the known oldest Turkish writings, not oldest.
All the languages are so.
168 Turkish words were identified in 5000-year-old Sumerian tablets. Accordingly, the origin of native Turkish must be at least 7000-8000 years old. and Sumerian is an agglutinative language, but although it is a language that contains agglutinative and Turkish words like Hungarian, it is controversial that they come from the same origin, but the bond and similarity between them is undeniable.
@@Mali_58-n2c WHICH TABLET bro im so excited
A few interesting bits off the top of my head:
19:55 "etmek" is a very interesting word in itself, I'm sure it confuses Turkish learners. It's hard to translate but it's very different from "yapmak" (to do).
We rarely ever have the same word as both a verb and a noun or adjective. We use the "-le/-la" suffix to make nouns into verbs.
You might have noticed there is no equivalent of "the" in Turkish, but that's not strictly true. It's not in plain sight and it's not always available but it is there when it's most needed. For instance, "Bana bir kalem ver" (to-me-a-pen-give) means "Give me a pen". But "bana kalemi ver" means "give me THE pen".
We often modify adjectives with a corrupted prefix of themselves to stress their meaning. kara (black): kapkara (all black), koca (large) koskoca (huge), dolu (full): dopdolu (filled to the brim), belli (apparent): besbeli (very obvious), düz (straight): dümdüz (straight as an arrow)
Turkish words can get very complex:
kişi - person
kişisel - personal
kişiselleş - to become personalized (you can see here that we take the other way around compared to English)
kişiselleştir - to make [something] become personalized (in simpler terms, customize)
kişiselleştiril - to be made to become personalized (passive form of the previous line, -il is similar to -ed in English)
kişiselleştirilebil - "-bil" is similar to the English -able but this is still a verb. -ir will make it into an adjective. It's technically a command in this form, like "be able to...."
kişiselleştirilebilir - able to be made to become personalized (simply, customizable).
kişiselleştirilebilirlik - abillity to be made to become personalized. You could keep adding to this word quite a bit more if you wanted to.
-leş (to become [something]) and -tir (to make [something] become [something]) suffixes used above can turn into simply -r/-l and -t respectively in some other words. For instance:
Kara: dark
karar[mak]: to become dark
karart[mak] (to darken [something])
karartı (noun form of the verb, the action of darkening something)
karartıcı (darkener, -cı is similar to -er in English). If this word followed convention, it would be "kara-laş-tır-ı-cı" and sometimes we even use both forms to give them slightly different meanings, like "inceltici" and "inceleştirici".
Well, that was pleasantly surprising! Greetings from Hacettepe University linguistics, Türkiye. :)
There are many unusual idioms and sayings in Turkish, but perhaps the most interesting ones are the swear words (or phrases, yes, swear phrases). They can be mind blowing at times. I’m not providing any examples though haha.
Edit: Commented before the video was made public, finished it now and as always, it was terrific. We love your content Paul, please do keep up the good work!
Thank you for this great breakdown! In this one video, I learned more Turkish than over 4 years of passively learning through dating a Turk! And now I know what to point out next time he complains that Czech is difficult. Too many cases my ass!
Really appreciated the historical overview at the start!
Uyghur language and other language surrounding it is cool too.
ئۇيغۇر تىلى ۋە ئۇنىڭ ئەتراپىدىكى تىللار ناھايىتى قىزىقارلىق ۋە ئۆزگىچە. ئۇيغۇر ۋە تۈركىستان خەلقى ياشىسۇن ۋە ئۇيغۇر خەلقىنى جۇڭگونىڭ زۇلۇمىدىن قۇتۇلدۇرۇڭ!
Turkish language is ALL about nuances and body language when it comes to perfect communication (deep convos, sarcasm, flirting, patronizing, joking, expressing hurt, joy, happiness, friendship, love, anger, class and levels of them etc) Its just a different world only native speakers can truly understand in my opinion:) But for practical uses, its pretty easy to pick up esp after getting the vowel harmony figured out. Good luck 🎉😊
No one needs turkish.
@@wilhelmtell3427What are you doing here then?
@@wilhelmtell3427you are the defination of the word "butthurt".
I’m a native speaker and I can say Turkish with old Ottoman alphabet was ridiculously hard to communicate especially with mails and telegraph. I think the modified Latin alphabet is more suitable than the old one. Me and most of the Turkish languigists are thinking the same. Thanks to our founder dad Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. The only bad and best thing about our language is that our alphabet includes the letters like ü,ö and İ. So watching Europeans miss pronouncing our words are kinda fun. Love from Turkey❤
Uhm, no? Our language is our language, so there is no need to change anything just to please foreigners. Come back to your senses.
i love when people remaster their old videos and other content, going into far more detail than they did before. this is a very thorough video that gave me a good feel for how this big-name language works.
the workings of turkish mostly seem super exotic to me, but there are a few things in this video that feel familiar. some german speakers express possession by saying, for instance, "mein Vater sein Auto" (my father his car) rather than "mein Vaters Auto" or "das Auto meines Vaters" (my father's car), but other speakers find it annoying and ungrammatical. it's amusing to know that in turkish, this kind of construction is considered standard.
turkish being pro-drop is quite familiar to me as a learner of spanish. the verb conjugations' meanings are clear enough that pronouns are normally just included for emphasis, which contrasts against languages where many conjugations are pronounced the same like french.
also, the turkish method of expressing that you have something ("there is something at me") is very similar to the celtic and semitic way of saying it. that's a fun similarity; maybe a result of arabic influence?
_Result of Arabic influence_
Nope, languages can and do develop similar features independently. Otherwise you might presume that Turkish developed agglutination under Finno-Ugric influence or vice versa.
@@ilghiz i was saying this because turkey neighbors arabic-speaking countries, and it's common for grammar of a language to be influenced by that of neighboring countries. it was just speculation.
Arabic influence? No, no dude, u shouldn't have said that. The vein in my forehead is swollen lol kidding aside the influence of Arabic and Persian is intense in daily Turkish, i mean as loanwords. But no language has a grammatical influence on Turkish. The grammatical structure of Turkish is quite regular and conservative. Also, the grammatical structure of writings in the inscriptions of Turkic Khaganate from the 7th-8th centuries are exactly the same as the grammatical structure of today's Turkish. At that time, Turks were in the todays Mongolia. Let me give an example.
In old Turkic: 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰆𐰍𐰔:𐰋𐰏𐰠𐰼𐰃:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣:𐱁𐰓:𐰇𐰔𐰀:𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃:𐰉𐰽𐰢𐰽𐰺:𐰽𐰺𐰀:𐰘𐰃𐰼:𐱅𐰠𐰤𐰢𐰾𐰼:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣:𐰃𐰠𐰭𐰤:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰭𐰃𐰤:𐰚𐰃𐰢:𐰺𐱃𐱃𐰃:𐰆𐰑𐰲𐰃:𐰼𐱅𐰃:𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣:𐰼𐱅𐰤:𐰜𐰇𐰤
Pronunciation: Türük Oguz Begleri bodun eşid! Üze Teñri basmasar asra yir telinmeser Türük bodun iliñin törüñin kim artatı udaçı erti? Türük bodun ertin! Ökün!
Modern Turkish: Türk Oğuz Beyleri budunu işit! Üstte Tanrı basmasa altta yer delinmese Türk bodun ilini töreni kim bozabilir idi? Türk budun irkil! Uyan!
In English: Türk Oghuz chieftains, clans, listen! Unless the Sky falls and crush us, the grands is pierced underneath who could ever destroy your land and law?
@@birdost5781
1. Languages _can_ borrow grammar from other languages. It's not as common as borrowing words but happens, although vanishingly less often.
2. _Bende var, senin yok,_ these are purely Turkic. No outside influence. But your example doesn't prove it cuz there's no var/yok in it.
3. Osmanlı Türkçesi was heavily influenced by Persian and Arabic, including grammar. E.g. Kısa-i Yusuf is grammatically Persian: Story-of Joseph, Yusuf’un Hikayesi. You probably know better Kitâb-ı Mukaddes which is Mukaddes Kitap in Modern Turkish.
@@ilghiz Yes, languages can borrow grammar from other languages. However, modern Turkish doesn't have anything grammatically borrowed from another language. So I gave a short sentence as an example from the texts in the 7th century Göktürk inscriptions to show it. Except for some words that have changed in today's Turkish, the grammar is exactly the same. I don't understand what u mean in ur second paragraph. Can u explain it more clearly pls?
Yes again, Ottoman Turkish was heavily influenced by Persian and Arabic as loan words and also grammar. I know it. U can't see the adjective-noun phrases in Anatolian Turkish that are similar to Arabic or Persian that u gave as examples.
Ottoman Turkish was not a natural language used by people. It was a language used by the elites of palace, especially in the 'written language'. I also don't think that grammar of Ottoman Turkish changes much in daily conversation unlike written language. You know that there was a language difference between the palace and the people, and so there is a difference in literature as divan literature and folk literature. The people in Anatolia were already speaking a much more pure Turkish that close to today's modern Turkish. So it is better to look at language and litrature of folk rather than Ottoman palace langauge.
Wonderful video! Kudos. I can't believe how well your analysis is. Please keep them coming.