When I was a kid, I got a chemistry set for Christmas. Enjoyed watching reactions and what I could make and use. Junior high school chemistry class was a blast since we got to use chemicals and apparatus that I could not get to use otherwise. Lots of fun, and it was all a breeze for me since I already had an early start on the subject. When I got to high school, the math/molar values that went along with it took all the fun out of it for me. Really took my wind out of my sails. But thanks for these viddys, and keep them up! Enjoy watching the methods, the equations, and the reactions you do, Doug. Nile Red is a lot of fun too, always seem to enjoy your viddys a bit more - tho . . .
NurdRage is a good channel for chemistry as well if you haven't checked him out yet. So is UC235, extractions and ire (new channel for explosions and fire), and Chemplayer re-uploaded (new channel for Chemplayer).
You have an understanding of chemistry and a way of communicating that works. The steps from MEK to hydrazone etc.. just very nicely done and not afraid of anything 👌
Some of the chemistry glassware is pretty astonishing. There have been some pieces that I was very tempted to purchase, not because I had much use for them but more so because they were very unique and maybe rare (or at least rarely used, thus rarely sold), such as a _drying pistol_ (which Doug actually has a video on, linked below), a _Kipp's apparatus,_ or some _jacketed glass reaction vessels_ (which are way too expensive to purchase just because they look neat.. lol). Drying pistol: th-cam.com/video/oOWtBKL1Rwc/w-d-xo.html Kipp's apparatus: th-cam.com/video/2cWa5ENWxAg/w-d-xo.html
@@jhyland87 This is why I love glass bongs (more formally, they are called "pieces" like art). They all use ground glass joints (mostly 24/40), are made of borosilicate glass, and look really neat. The best thing is, you actually get to use them :)
Does anyone else think that Doug is related to AvE? Doug seems to have the same vibe for chemistry as AvE does engineering. Knowledgeable and colloquial.
Thank you for doing this video Doug, i really appreciate the quality of it, one can notice you have fun on doing the safe form of a pretty toxic compound 😅, made my late night ❤ Un abrazo desde Uruguay.
I’ve never watched any sort of video about hydrazine sulfate but yesterday I just kept repeating ‘hydrazine sulfate’ in my head and then I find this video...
Real quality explanation,hats off to you sir. Love the fact that most of your chemicals are derived from OTC sources. Your commentary is top notch,covering all areas but not getting too in depth (must be good if i can grasp principles). More pls🙂
I you've essentially disappeared, but next time might recommend using diesel exhaust fluid for a urea source. Most is ultra pure in solution with distilled water. Secondly, a salt water bath cooled with a dry ice pack, instead of making multiple trips to the freezer...or wait till winter and perform the experiment outside, packing the beaker with snow.
Hydrazine and making it can be pretty dangerous folks, organochlorine chemicals on their own can be not good, and if it burns, they can produce phosgene. Please be careful folks, if you don’t know what you need to do to be safe, it’s probably a bad idea for you to try it. Take a chemistry course and learn the safety stuff
26:25 probably it will works better to reuse the solution to take off the sulphate completely from roundbottom flask, and then flush twice (using smaller volume) with ice cold watter whole precipitate. I followed similar procedure to obtain hydrazine sulphate maybe 15 years ago. But I used some kind of bone glue as catalyst, instead of gelatin and miss the hydrazone reaction. Just add the sulfuric acid directly to water-hydrazine solution (more preciselly hydrazine hydrate solution). After filter off the impurities that comes from glue from hot solution, I colled down the whole volume. Of course the yeld was probably less than yours but the product was pure enought to azide preparation.
The aqueous layer is probably saturated with MEK. You could probably extract it with more MEK since it should just layer out... not that it would probably increase your yield very much.
Hey, about what you said about patents. They don't have to be correct or work? Is that really true? I've been trying to synthesis a patent for a few months now and just fail fail and I have though for awhile it's missing steps or just doesn't work. Is this possible. Love your channel btw. I forget which but I credit you in one of my videos
They generally have to work, but not be anywhere near viable for industry. As long as it forms a detectable amount of the product, it's technically fine. German chemical patents tend to leave out steps that make them useable as a sort of copyright protection. Check the sciencemadness community for someone who has figured it out, or for help.
found a 'Hydrogen and electricity co-generation from hydrazine assisted water electrolysis' paper on internet.I'd mix NaOH/KOH e.g. electrolytes with urine or urea .Pure urea ,distilled water and an electrolyte,batteries,solar panels.Then calculated night rates.How's my progress?
found a brand of hypochlorite in my country claiming to be 35% hypochlorite. what do you think, is it actually 35% NaClO or did they actually mean 35% active chlorine by weight?
So I have prepared the salt with this method, but after some time I wanted to use it in a synthesis. But when I opened the bottle, there was a faint ammonia-like smell coming from the crystaline powder. Is there actually a chance that some base had made it into the product and actually created freebase hydrazine? The powder was well dried so there should not be any moisture present but maybe it picked some over time?
dirk pierson and sandy shaw wrote a book on Life Extension decades ago, and one of their experiments was hydrazine, for memory health is it the same hyrazine as you are making here?
Man I have all the advanced glassware to make sodium azide but the sheer toxicity of the azide scares me. The whole hydrazine in solution is also scary. The fact that isopropyl nitrite's vapors can also have an anesthetic effect is just as disturbing. I really wish I could make it but I just don't trust myself with it.
Don't blindly assume who your audience is. Just because we aren't all chem majors doesn't mean we can't be interested in what you are doing so yes a little explanation of what you are making and what it's used for is nice.
I love the thought of making rocket fuel. Is there a possibility that you could show the combustion of hydrazine? Preferably, you could with oxidizer. I know that there is a great risk of explosion. But again, I would love to see you do it.
Since MEK is now pretty difficult to get (You can get the _MEK substitute,_ which is _ethyl acetate_ which isn't a ketone), one could do this same reaction by substituting the MEK with a stoichiometric equivalent of acetone, correct?
Doug just a quick question I am running a synthesis of heptanol from heptene but I can't seem to get it to work do you know the temp I need to be running it at or any idea on what I'm doing wrong, it works on paper but not in my lab
+Doug's Lab all the info I have came from chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Organic_Chemistry/Alcohols/Synthesis_of_Alcohols/Electrophilic_Hydration_to_Make_Alcohols and from all the research I have done it should work but I can't get it to
Never mind, I think I figured it out! If anyone is interested I believe the name of the app is "Graphing Calculator by Mathlab" on the Google Play app store.
Was the storage container a bit damp from washing it or so? Otherwise some of the product doesn't look entirely dry if its sticking to the sides (I could be wrong, though :D)
+Samdroxpie Yeah, I was hoping nobody would notice that. Some hot water from the bath that had condensed on the bottom of the glass dish dripped inside before I started putting product in there, so I wiped it out with a towel and apparently missed some. I left the jar open in my vacuum desiccator overnight to take care of it.
Can you make a video on making sulphuric acid with a platinum electrode, then testing the boiled down acid with sugar to see if it dehydrates the sugar?
Yes, but it's not practical. You could do it by distillation, but the concentration is so low in that solution that it would take several large-scale distillations followed by chemical desiccation. To make anhydrous hydrazine, it would be far easier to make the sulfate first, then mix it with an excess of a strong base like sodium hydroxide in a copper-jacketed reactor and distill the hydrazine off, followed by a finishing pass over a strong chemical desiccant like refluxing it over calcium oxide. Also, hydrazine is distilled in copper or silver vessels because the hot anhydrous stuff attacks glass. The apparatus must first be maintained under dry inert gas because these metals and their oxides catalytically oxidize hydrazine easily in the presence of oxygen and any leaks would cause an explosion. Remember - hydrazine is used as a monopropellant. It's dangerous stuff!
Hydrazine is such an amazing propellant; it sucks how unbelievably poisonous it is. :-( I am into experimental rocketry and its one of the god propellants that no amateur can ever really use. Its always fun to think about it though. I view RFNA and NTO as less dangerous just because I know their mechanism of danger. Hydrazine....its not immediately apparent AND its clear as water. Also why I refuse to mess with high test peroxide; nope nope nope lots and lots of nope. What would the best direct reaction to efficiently produce nitrogen tetroxide be in your mind? I have been researching this a lot lately. Skipping nitric acid and going right to NTO distillation from base chemicals. Sulfuric acid, copper, potassium nitrate and HCL IIRC NurdRage did which seemed plausible. So far, Chem Player is the only major YT channel to go directly after NTO in an experiment.....and it was fantastic. Hint Hint :-)
Copper and nitric acid are convenient, especially if the copper II nitrate formed in the initial reaction is then heated to dryness where it will decompose into more NTO, for a net equation of: 2 HNO3 + Cu --> CuO + H2O + 2 NO2 The CuO is easily reduced back to the metal by heating it under hydrogen (easy with HCl + Al or something equivalent) which will leave behind reactive powdered copper ready for use in the first step. However, I understand the need for a more "quick-and-dirty" prep for making larger amounts rapidly from OTC sources. I will sleep on this one and get back to you, although I think it would be possible to set up a tabletop production plant which starts with ammonia and uses an air bubbler to push it through a platinum wire screen as a catalyst, which would self-heat. This would be mixed with more air and cooled to oxidize it to NTO, which would then be condensed. You could make several liters per day with something like this and it would be very cheap to run. The initial investment in platinum wire would be a little expensive though.
Probably because of cost. Dry ice is relatively cheap, but one might need a lot of it since it sublimates very quickly. Acetone is kind of expensive to be using as a coolant unless you have to.
+Termin Ator en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooling_bath#Water_and_ice_baths A bath of ice and water will maintain a temperature 0 °C since the melting point of water is 0 °C. However, adding a salt such as sodium chloride will lower the temperature through the property of melting-point depression. Although the exact temperature can be hard to control, the weight ratio of salt to ice influences the temperature: −10 °C can be achieved with a 1 to 2.5 ratio by weight of calcium chloride hexahydrate to ice. −20 °C can be achieved with a 1 to 3 ratio by weight of sodium chloride to ice.
You should make some from pure urea( DEF Fluid) now used in semi trucks to burn off exhaust suit from mufflers,,, or maybe just make something from def fluid,
Primarely to extract the hydrazine from the other impurities that are in the solution. It is faster and gives a purer product than just neutralising it and than boiling it down.
bcubed72 I think you have a fundimental misunderstanding. The sulphate is what he is making here, but other syntheses I've seen have directly formed the salt. However here he added in an extra step. Nothing to do with killing anything, I've even done it myself 5-6 times.
For this reaction your measurements were pretty important why were you using a beaker they are very inaccurate it's where it's measuring devices the graduated scale in a beaker is just a rough estimate
But from first part, before mixture of MEK, the Erlenmeyer is full of Hydrated Hydrazine? Using this step is possible dehydrated bay molecular sieves for example? Usually N2H4 is only unstable and explode when catalyzed or due to excess heat.
+Robson Hahn Here I found something interesting: a patent from 1954 wich describes the production of anhydrous hydrazine via the sulfate in high yields. I hope this might be useful. US 2675302 19540413
I wonder if you can react the hydrazine solution with Carbonyl Bromide instead to form Isocyanogen tetrabromide tho idk if it works. so try phosgene ?? but yea thats a highly toxic gas.
a really toxic, unforgiving war gas, avoid it at all costs. They put 1% ethanol as stabilizer in chloroform, because otherwise phosgene forms by aging.
it has many uses, it was/is used a a component of hypergolic rocket fuels, often it is mixed with another nasty one called nitrogen tetroxide, it produces a violent explosion, and no flame is needed to get it to burn, which is perfect for space rockets etc.The germans used hydrazine intheir rockets in WW2, accidents meant people literally melting and turning into goo when they get exposed to liquid hydrazine...
it's powerful sure, but not insanely powerful, RDX is considerably more powerful, and then there's Sorguyl and DINGU, SORGUYL (sp?) has a VOD over 9000
+Minipac S Restricted? I don't know of Sulfuric Acid being restricted anywhere, I live in the US and I know the same goes for Canada and the UK. In fact, it should be one of the easiest things to obtain for the beginner chemist. Sulfuric Acid drain cleaner can easily be distilled to remove the water and other stuff. Another form is car battery acid, which can be purchased from some automotive stores for refilling batteries. That's about 35% and can be easily concentrated with little to no impurities. It can be made by various methods if necessary, just search TH-cam for "making Sulfuric Acid". I believe those methods are not the most efficient though. It can be made from Sulfur and Water if you have a catalyst of some sort. If only it was as easy to make as Nitric acid. Nitric acid is ridiculously easy to made. Take air, zap it with a 10kV or higher voltage electric arc, and bubble the resulting brown colored air fumes into water. After running for several days, you'l have at least 10% Nitric if done right. It can be further distilled.
+Minipac S. In uk several brands of 'drain unblocker' are available from DIY store. Best Ive found also happens to be the cheapest and is sufficiently clean and 96%W/W. Hexeal Chemicals Ltd. Worth a try.
***** Well, I can definitely see why. High temperatures and very corrosive fumes. It's easy to do, but you need very good ventilation and high temp grease to seal the glass joints.
***** That would be terrible. Especially if you Nile Red's method to make it. H2SO4 + H2O2 + boiling makes very hot H2SO5. All the alarms go off at that one. Boiling Piranha solution anyone? NOPENOPENOPENOPENOPE.
man, I really enjoy watching your videos, just one thing I would say, the volume of your voice is a little low, it's hard to hear what you were saying there
Marcin Goławski because pure hydrazine so damn ornery... It’s very poisonous, it’s explosively flammable, and it’s hypergolic with many oxidizing agents, which basically means that it explodes immediately on contact with said oxidizer, regardless of the temperature. The Apollo astronauts actually depended on the hypergolic ignition of hydrazine with red-fuming hno3 to return to earth.
You comment a lot about chemical safety, such as when you make ketene (which is so unstable in humid atmosphere you would be hard put to breathe any), but make no comment about hydrazine. Hydrazine is insanely toxic, being able to penetrate through skin in addition to the lungs. (There are cases of people dying later from one drop falling on skin.) "Allowed" exposure, one time only, is in the range of 2 parts per million in air.
+Martin of Gliwice Ugh, I know. I was already halfway done filming this when ChemPlayer uploaded his! Luckily I think I have used a different method than any of the other videos, even if the yield is a bit low.
+Chem Player Honestly though, I don't think it's any less useful to make videos about things other channels have done. The apparatus, lab technique, and scale is all a little different. Everyone knows the surest synthesis pathway is one with multiple references. I have things on my list to do that you guys ave already covered, but I need them as intermediates for other stuff, and I figured I'd film anyway. If anything it says, "I used this method and it worked for me too."
Azide N3 That's true; and if goal is to perform a specific reaction in an efficient and cost effective manner, purchasing commercially produced chemicals will almost always be the best route. However, having watched Doug's videos for a while now, it appears his approach on this channel is geared more towards the production of chemicals for the sake of performing the reactions.
I hate to be critical but I don't know how in God's name you use that lab ZAP crap oh it's terrible I would rather get used Corning Pyrex beakers on EBay
![[LIVE] : ONE ลุมพินี 89 | คู่เอก "ยอดไอคิว vs คิริลล์"](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/Z3vYkHJ_5Ig/mqdefault.jpg)
When I was a kid, I got a chemistry set for Christmas. Enjoyed watching reactions and what I could make and use. Junior high school chemistry class was a blast since we got to use chemicals and apparatus that I could not get to use otherwise. Lots of fun, and it was all a breeze for me since I already had an early start on the subject. When I got to high school, the math/molar values that went along with it took all the fun out of it for me. Really took my wind out of my sails. But thanks for these viddys, and keep them up! Enjoy watching the methods, the equations, and the reactions you do, Doug. Nile Red is a lot of fun too, always seem to enjoy your viddys a bit more - tho . . .
NurdRage is a good channel for chemistry as well if you haven't checked him out yet. So is UC235, extractions and ire (new channel for explosions and fire), and Chemplayer re-uploaded (new channel for Chemplayer).
I also got started when I got a chemistry set at age 11. That and watching McGyver.
You have an understanding of chemistry and a way of communicating that works. The steps from MEK to hydrazone etc.. just very nicely done and not afraid of anything 👌
Those big glassware look so beautiful
Some of the chemistry glassware is pretty astonishing. There have been some pieces that I was very tempted to purchase, not because I had much use for them but more so because they were very unique and maybe rare (or at least rarely used, thus rarely sold), such as a _drying pistol_ (which Doug actually has a video on, linked below), a _Kipp's apparatus,_ or some _jacketed glass reaction vessels_ (which are way too expensive to purchase just because they look neat.. lol).
Drying pistol: th-cam.com/video/oOWtBKL1Rwc/w-d-xo.html
Kipp's apparatus: th-cam.com/video/2cWa5ENWxAg/w-d-xo.html
@@jhyland87 This is why I love glass bongs (more formally, they are called "pieces" like art). They all use ground glass joints (mostly 24/40), are made of borosilicate glass, and look really neat.
The best thing is, you actually get to use them :)
great video. I appreciate the extra time and effort that would have gone into making a video of this length.
Amazing timing. 3 videos on hydrazine sulfate in less than a month.
+Chemistry But to add to that: You have some pretty nice labware dude.
Just great! I'm really sad you're gone for some reson..
Right? It seems like every time he comes back, within a year or two he is gone again. 😞
Does anyone else think that Doug is related to AvE? Doug seems to have the same vibe for chemistry as AvE does engineering. Knowledgeable and colloquial.
I think it's called knowing chemistry
Thank you for doing this video Doug, i really appreciate the quality of it, one can notice you have fun on doing the safe form of a pretty toxic compound 😅, made my late night ❤ Un abrazo desde Uruguay.
I’ve never watched any sort of video about hydrazine sulfate but yesterday I just kept repeating ‘hydrazine sulfate’ in my head and then I find this video...
Your Fed handler activated you. How did it turn out?
Real quality explanation,hats off to you sir. Love the fact that most of your chemicals are derived from OTC sources. Your commentary is top notch,covering all areas but not getting too in depth (must be good if i can grasp principles). More pls🙂
Where did you disappear man? Your videos are a real high quality and a guide for me.. So I'm really sad you abandoned the project for some reason...,
That is a beautiful flask!
I you've essentially disappeared, but next time might recommend using diesel exhaust fluid for a urea source. Most is ultra pure in solution with distilled water. Secondly, a salt water bath cooled with a dry ice pack, instead of making multiple trips to the freezer...or wait till winter and perform the experiment outside, packing the beaker with snow.
15:30 that was fun to watch. The color change
Брат,ты крут,нравиться наблюдать за твоей работой.Побольше бы таких людей на Земле.
If you use large amounts of cheap chemicals it may sometimes also make you use large amounts of non-cheap chemicals.
I ordered a few replacement glass beakers and it came in a box labeled hydrazine sulphate I was very confused when I saw it
This is a weird cooking channel.
You have a weird looking forehead.
@@ZivTheWyrd You have a weird sounding name.
You have a weird comment.
@@thenewbgamer6416 awesome isnt it! :-)
Hydrazine and making it can be pretty dangerous folks, organochlorine chemicals on their own can be not good, and if it burns, they can produce phosgene. Please be careful folks, if you don’t know what you need to do to be safe, it’s probably a bad idea for you to try it. Take a chemistry course and learn the safety stuff
26:25 probably it will works better to reuse the solution to take off the sulphate completely from roundbottom flask, and then flush twice (using smaller volume) with ice cold watter whole precipitate. I followed similar procedure to obtain hydrazine sulphate maybe 15 years ago. But I used some kind of bone glue as catalyst, instead of gelatin and miss the hydrazone reaction. Just add the sulfuric acid directly to water-hydrazine solution (more preciselly hydrazine hydrate solution). After filter off the impurities that comes from glue from hot solution, I colled down the whole volume. Of course the yeld was probably less than yours but the product was pure enought to azide preparation.
The aqueous layer is probably saturated with MEK. You could probably extract it with more MEK since it should just layer out... not that it would probably increase your yield very much.
Hey, about what you said about patents. They don't have to be correct or work? Is that really true? I've been trying to synthesis a patent for a few months now and just fail fail and I have though for awhile it's missing steps or just doesn't work. Is this possible. Love your channel btw. I forget which but I credit you in one of my videos
They generally have to work, but not be anywhere near viable for industry. As long as it forms a detectable amount of the product, it's technically fine. German chemical patents tend to leave out steps that make them useable as a sort of copyright protection. Check the sciencemadness community for someone who has figured it out, or for help.
can you show how your vacuum filtration system works thanks brother.
Hey if your still curious I have a similar setup. I'll show you if you like.
@@shelbysgarage5828 yes I would like that very much thank you.
@@LiquidCreationsCo2609 please subscribe to my channel it will be the next video I do
Hey man I posted the video finally if your still interested. Called what is an aspirator and how they work and my vacuum setup
Thanks man I really appreciate that
found a 'Hydrogen and electricity co-generation from hydrazine assisted water electrolysis' paper on internet.I'd mix NaOH/KOH e.g. electrolytes with urine or urea .Pure urea ,distilled water and an electrolyte,batteries,solar panels.Then calculated night rates.How's my progress?
What should I use inspite of gelatin ?
doug could you tell me more about that heating mantle jack? i need one
can acetone be used instead of MEK?
could an internal combustion engine operate fueled from hydrazine?
found a brand of hypochlorite in my country claiming to be 35% hypochlorite. what do you think, is it actually 35% NaClO or did they actually mean 35% active chlorine by weight?
15:27 .....!!!!!
This is a really beautiful synthesis, just a buty...
So I have prepared the salt with this method, but after some time I wanted to use it in a synthesis. But when I opened the bottle, there was a faint ammonia-like smell coming from the crystaline powder. Is there actually a chance that some base had made it into the product and actually created freebase hydrazine? The powder was well dried so there should not be any moisture present but maybe it picked some over time?
Doug! Come back and make a video on hydroxylamine synthesis. That reaction is a Bismuth Technetium Hydride
Wikipedia mentions a method of creating hydrazine sulfate from ammonium sulfate and sodium hypochloride. Do you know anything about this?
nurdrage did it.
dirk pierson and sandy shaw wrote a book on Life Extension decades ago, and one of their experiments was hydrazine, for memory health is it the same hyrazine as you are making here?
Don't think so, hydrazine is a very toxic and dangerous substance
Man I have all the advanced glassware to make sodium azide but the sheer toxicity of the azide scares me. The whole hydrazine in solution is also scary. The fact that isopropyl nitrite's vapors can also have an anesthetic effect is just as disturbing.
I really wish I could make it but I just don't trust myself with it.
He's saying "azine" not " azide ".
@@chemistryofquestionablequa6252 sodium azide is a completely different chemical than hydrazine
sodium azide is NaN3
hydrazine is N2H4
I‘m not a chemist but isn‘t there a risk of producing NCl3?
If yes, this would be a very dangerous reaction.
Don't blindly assume who your audience is. Just because we aren't all chem majors doesn't mean we can't be interested in what you are doing so yes a little explanation of what you are making and what it's used for is nice.
I love the thought of making rocket fuel. Is there a possibility that you could show the combustion of hydrazine? Preferably, you could with oxidizer. I know that there is a great risk of explosion. But again, I would love to see you do it.
Hey Doug.
I haven't found much info on making copper oxysulfate,
have you come across it?
Since MEK is now pretty difficult to get (You can get the _MEK substitute,_ which is _ethyl acetate_ which isn't a ketone), one could do this same reaction by substituting the MEK with a stoichiometric equivalent of acetone, correct?
Watch nurdrage's video he shows it there
12:50 is that mercury in middle right of screen? yes
I saw that and thought the same thing.
It would have been nice to see a clean recrystallisation, or more washing, but it's a nice video, very nice lab!
How would u get just hydrazine?
How does the Steerer works? Magnets? That's a pretty cool piece of hardwere.
Doug just a quick question I am running a synthesis of heptanol from heptene but I can't seem to get it to work do you know the temp I need to be running it at or any idea on what I'm doing wrong, it works on paper but not in my lab
+James Parler
Send me a YT message with your details and I'll see if I can help.
+Doug's Lab all the info I have came from chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Organic_Chemistry/Alcohols/Synthesis_of_Alcohols/Electrophilic_Hydration_to_Make_Alcohols and from all the research I have done it should work but I can't get it to
What is the calculator app you're using on your phone @ approx 6 mins in to the video?
Never mind, I think I figured it out! If anyone is interested I believe the name of the app is "Graphing Calculator by Mathlab" on the Google Play app store.
What about the process described in Wikipedia-- (NH4)2 SO4 + NaClO?
good night john boy, good night sue Ellen, good night, goodnight....
psycronizer That's "Sean-boy"
Was the storage container a bit damp from washing it or so? Otherwise some of the product doesn't look entirely dry if its sticking to the sides (I could be wrong, though :D)
+Samdroxpie
Yeah, I was hoping nobody would notice that. Some hot water from the bath that had condensed on the bottom of the glass dish dripped inside before I started putting product in there, so I wiped it out with a towel and apparently missed some. I left the jar open in my vacuum desiccator overnight to take care of it.
Doug's Lab Ah I see, I figured it would be something like that as there were no real clumps. Great video though!
Have you heard of a chemist called Douglas Shander was interested in SAMDC inhibitors.
No, please tell us , I kinda figure you craving to otherwise why ask such a arb question
Since acetone is a ketone you can add a solution of acetone an MEK right?
when filtering the product, are you using a water aspirator vacuum source?
Hey, yes he is. I posted a video on what is an aspirator and how they work if your curious still
Can you make a video on making sulphuric acid with a platinum electrode, then testing the boiled down acid with sugar to see if it dehydrates the sugar?
try hho gas mixed with hydrogen sulphide ,maybe a novelty.
@@brucecowles9265Sounds interesting.
Try Parafilm for sealing the funnel to the flask.
Before you added the MEK, was what was in the flask, hydrazine hydrate......like, aqueous N2H4?
Yep. Hydrazine hydrate, sodium carbonate, some sodium hydroxide, and sodium chloride.
Sooooo......by dehydrating, would yield anhydrous hydrazine?
Yes, but it's not practical. You could do it by distillation, but the concentration is so low in that solution that it would take several large-scale distillations followed by chemical desiccation. To make anhydrous hydrazine, it would be far easier to make the sulfate first, then mix it with an excess of a strong base like sodium hydroxide in a copper-jacketed reactor and distill the hydrazine off, followed by a finishing pass over a strong chemical desiccant like refluxing it over calcium oxide. Also, hydrazine is distilled in copper or silver vessels because the hot anhydrous stuff attacks glass. The apparatus must first be maintained under dry inert gas because these metals and their oxides catalytically oxidize hydrazine easily in the presence of oxygen and any leaks would cause an explosion. Remember - hydrazine is used as a monopropellant. It's dangerous stuff!
Hydrazine is such an amazing propellant; it sucks how unbelievably poisonous it is. :-(
I am into experimental rocketry and its one of the god propellants that no amateur can ever really use. Its always fun to think about it though. I view RFNA and NTO as less dangerous just because I know their mechanism of danger. Hydrazine....its not immediately apparent AND its clear as water. Also why I refuse to mess with high test peroxide; nope nope nope lots and lots of nope.
What would the best direct reaction to efficiently produce nitrogen tetroxide be in your mind? I have been researching this a lot lately. Skipping nitric acid and going right to NTO distillation from base chemicals. Sulfuric acid, copper, potassium nitrate and HCL IIRC NurdRage did which seemed plausible. So far, Chem Player is the only major YT channel to go directly after NTO in an experiment.....and it was fantastic. Hint Hint :-)
Copper and nitric acid are convenient, especially if the copper II nitrate formed in the initial reaction is then heated to dryness where it will decompose into more NTO, for a net equation of:
2 HNO3 + Cu --> CuO + H2O + 2 NO2
The CuO is easily reduced back to the metal by heating it under hydrogen (easy with HCl + Al or something equivalent) which will leave behind reactive powdered copper ready for use in the first step.
However, I understand the need for a more "quick-and-dirty" prep for making larger amounts rapidly from OTC sources. I will sleep on this one and get back to you, although I think it would be possible to set up a tabletop production plant which starts with ammonia and uses an air bubbler to push it through a platinum wire screen as a catalyst, which would self-heat. This would be mixed with more air and cooled to oxidize it to NTO, which would then be condensed. You could make several liters per day with something like this and it would be very cheap to run. The initial investment in platinum wire would be a little expensive though.
Why not do it with the beaker in a bath of dry ice and acetone? Would keep it nice and cold
Probably because of cost. Dry ice is relatively cheap, but one might need a lot of it since it sublimates very quickly. Acetone is kind of expensive to be using as a coolant unless you have to.
Sexy glass. I hope your homelife will settle and you come back making videos with a vengeance.
why didn't you just use an ice bath and add ice instead of running back and forth to the freezer every few minutes on the initial addition?
+Termin Ator en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooling_bath#Water_and_ice_baths
A bath of ice and water will maintain a temperature 0 °C since the melting point of water is 0 °C. However, adding a salt such as sodium chloride will lower the temperature through the property of melting-point depression. Although the exact temperature can be hard to control, the weight ratio of salt to ice influences the temperature:
−10 °C can be achieved with a 1 to 2.5 ratio by weight of calcium chloride hexahydrate to ice.
−20 °C can be achieved with a 1 to 3 ratio by weight of sodium chloride to ice.
+Termin Ator your yield will be greater with better temp control ...
You should make some from pure urea( DEF Fluid) now used in semi trucks to burn off exhaust suit from mufflers,,, or maybe just make something from def fluid,
Why do this rather than forming the sulfate directly after making the hydrazine?
In other words, why use the MEK and form the azine?
Just to have less solution to deal with?
Primarely to extract the hydrazine from the other impurities that are in the solution. It is faster and gives a purer product than just neutralising it and than boiling it down.
Zock4 Okay I see I see
Why do this rather than forming the sulfate directly after making the hydrazine?
I'm gonna guess...less likely to kill you?
bcubed72 I think you have a fundimental misunderstanding.
The sulphate is what he is making here, but other syntheses I've seen have directly formed the salt. However here he added in an extra step.
Nothing to do with killing anything, I've even done it myself 5-6 times.
For this reaction your measurements were pretty important why were you using a beaker they are very inaccurate it's where it's measuring devices the graduated scale in a beaker is just a rough estimate
What are the 90% 'other ingredients'? Why on earth label so ambiguously if the other ingredients are water???
Any suggestions on buying a vacuum aspirator?
Nathan Tobergta check eBay
Why you've didn't used an ice bath with ice cold water or with calcium chloride. You could have achieved less than -50°C !
Must get old watching my cameras
Nice video
Is possible to obtain Anhydrous hydrazine by this process?
+Robson Hahn Yes you can drydistill the sulfate with sodium hydroxide - but the yield is said to be poor.
+Florian Clausen
Yes, also anhydrous hydrazine is explosive and attacks glass.
But from first part, before mixture of MEK, the Erlenmeyer is full of Hydrated Hydrazine? Using this step is possible dehydrated bay molecular sieves for example?
Usually N2H4 is only unstable and explode when catalyzed or due to excess heat.
No that is not possible as far as I know. Also you have a lot of other junk in the mixture.
+Robson Hahn Here I found something interesting: a patent from 1954 wich describes the production of anhydrous hydrazine via the sulfate in high yields. I hope this might be useful. US 2675302 19540413
sadly off the shelf MEK at the hardware store is a thing of the past.
Nice sir & thanks
I wonder if you can react the hydrazine solution with Carbonyl Bromide instead to form Isocyanogen tetrabromide tho idk if it works.
so try phosgene ?? but yea thats a highly toxic gas.
a really toxic, unforgiving war gas, avoid it at all costs. They put 1% ethanol as stabilizer in chloroform, because otherwise phosgene forms by aging.
so what is the use of this compound?
it has many uses, it was/is used a a component of hypergolic rocket fuels, often it is mixed with another nasty one called nitrogen tetroxide, it produces a violent explosion, and no flame is needed to get it to burn, which is perfect for space rockets etc.The germans used hydrazine intheir rockets in WW2, accidents meant people literally melting and turning into goo when they get exposed to liquid hydrazine...
it's powerful sure, but not insanely powerful, RDX is considerably more powerful, and then there's Sorguyl and DINGU, SORGUYL (sp?) has a VOD over 9000
bottoms up
Seeing as H2SO4 is a restricted chemical what are your preferred methods of making it?
+Minipac S
Restricted? I don't know of Sulfuric Acid being restricted anywhere, I live in the US and I know the same goes for Canada and the UK. In fact, it should be one of the easiest things to obtain for the beginner chemist. Sulfuric Acid drain cleaner can easily be distilled to remove the water and other stuff. Another form is car battery acid, which can be purchased from some automotive stores for refilling batteries. That's about 35% and can be easily concentrated with little to no impurities.
It can be made by various methods if necessary, just search TH-cam for "making Sulfuric Acid". I believe those methods are not the most efficient though. It can be made from Sulfur and Water if you have a catalyst of some sort.
If only it was as easy to make as Nitric acid. Nitric acid is ridiculously easy to made. Take air, zap it with a 10kV or higher voltage electric arc, and bubble the resulting brown colored air fumes into water. After running for several days, you'l have at least 10% Nitric if done right. It can be further distilled.
+Minipac S. In uk several brands of 'drain unblocker' are available from DIY store. Best Ive found also happens to be the cheapest and is sufficiently clean and 96%W/W. Hexeal Chemicals Ltd. Worth a try.
Cheers! I will look into it
*****
Well, I can definitely see why. High temperatures and very corrosive fumes. It's easy to do, but you need very good ventilation and high temp grease to seal the glass joints.
*****
That would be terrible. Especially if you Nile Red's method to make it. H2SO4 + H2O2 + boiling makes very hot H2SO5. All the alarms go off at that one. Boiling Piranha solution anyone? NOPENOPENOPENOPENOPE.
That's one noisy aspirator.
Hey great work we all wanna see you reveal that bmw at 200000 subs lol
+Conor H-W
Screw the BMW, I'll sell it and buy a mass spectrometer or something. :D
how about a nice HPLC ?
man, I really enjoy watching your videos, just one thing I would say, the volume of your voice is a little low, it's hard to hear what you were saying there
+praspurgh unless I turn the volume all the way on, but sometimes I forgot, and turned on the music in iTune, it sounds like an explosion, you know...
+praspurgh Hey, thanks for the feedback. I'll bump the gain for future vids.
Why nobody makes pure hydrazine?
+Marcin Goławski because it's very toxic, volatile and unstable
+Hakkı Oktay that only makes it more interesting!
Marcin Goławski because pure hydrazine so damn ornery... It’s very poisonous, it’s explosively flammable, and it’s hypergolic with many oxidizing agents, which basically means that it explodes immediately on contact with said oxidizer, regardless of the temperature.
The Apollo astronauts actually depended on the hypergolic ignition of hydrazine with red-fuming hno3 to return to earth.
You comment a lot about chemical safety, such as when you make ketene (which is so unstable in humid atmosphere you would be hard put to breathe any), but make no comment about hydrazine. Hydrazine is insanely toxic, being able to penetrate through skin in addition to the lungs. (There are cases of people dying later from one drop falling on skin.) "Allowed" exposure, one time only, is in the range of 2 parts per million in air.
great vid thx!
Biggest beakers I’ve ever seen
Plz.Make a video of synthesis of r.d.x. explosive
Dude, Doug, stop apologizing and oil your friggin lab jacks. Not just for us, it's just proper equipment maintenance.
Oiling the lab jack may actually be dangerous in some cases. Some chemicals will seek out hydrocarbons to react with.
8:23 you mean fortunately, right? ;)
Calm down, comments section.I'm being facetious.
+The Kush Connoisseur
Oh my, yes. The only thing English units are good for is crashing probes into Mars. :)
+Doug's Lab Well to be fair, the numbers transferred between the two teams didn't have friggin' units on them. Oy vey.
basic #hydrazic acid
oh, c'mon. you're at least 3rd youtuber doing this. Chemplayer and another weird guy make hydrazine from urea before. Not a long time ago, however.
yup
+Martin of Gliwice Ugh, I know. I was already halfway done filming this when ChemPlayer uploaded his! Luckily I think I have used a different method than any of the other videos, even if the yield is a bit low.
+Doug's Lab Variety being the spice of life, the more paths to the same end the better.
+Doug's Lab You, however, brought it to a larger scale. Great video as always.
+Chem Player
Honestly though, I don't think it's any less useful to make videos about things other channels have done. The apparatus, lab technique, and scale is all a little different. Everyone knows the surest synthesis pathway is one with multiple references. I have things on my list to do that you guys ave already covered, but I need them as intermediates for other stuff, and I figured I'd film anyway. If anything it says, "I used this method and it worked for me too."
Lol ..
14:24 looks like pee, sorry
Ha, I just buy mine. :)
+Azide N3 Double the convenience; half the fun.
John Ratko Also, better price.
Azide N3 That's true; and if goal is to perform a specific reaction in an efficient and cost effective manner, purchasing commercially produced chemicals will almost always be the best route. However, having watched Doug's videos for a while now, it appears his approach on this channel is geared more towards the production of chemicals for the sake of performing the reactions.
John Ratko
Yes, I agree.
I hate to be critical but I don't know how in God's name you use that lab ZAP crap oh it's terrible I would rather get used Corning Pyrex beakers on EBay
Nurd Rage it it 12 years ago you video is 7 years so NurdRage 5 prior😅