Imagine breaking away from the crowd in being an artist in predynastic Egypt all for someone to say the sculpture you made of your warrior hero great granddad looks like a potato
Good to see this is being done. When ever Egypt is being covered it's always when Egypt has already been established and there are pharaohs and the pyramids. I think people forget that it didnt just magically pop out of thin air. It had predecessors, it took thousands of years for it to become Egypt
U right,there surely were predecessors, I somewhat understand the meaning of at least 3 of the cities mentioned in my Akan language ( Faiyum, Abydos, Hierakropolis ). Fa-yèmu is land- tilling/working meaning a place of farming ( today afuyèmu in ,Akan). - Abydos sounds like "abedoo" means a land of STONE BEDROCKS , Implying stone boulders are present on the land. - Hierakropolis - is like "hinakroponso" meaning the King's capital city. I wish sbd tells me these are historically correct and that the Akans were likely the Nakanda/Naqada
@egy6434 I'm not too aware of the differences between peoples in the region, but are the people living in Egypt today largely the direct decendants of the very same peoples that populated it in predynastic Egypt, or has there been so many influxes and settlements of people since then that it's hard to say?
yes! I love the time periods that are the least "commonly" known about, like the Hittites, Pre dynastic Egypt, the v early middle ages, sub Saharan african history, polynesian history etc
@@egy6434 lmao. literally all humans mix w all other humans. the 2 things one can count on people doing when 2 different groups meet, is kill each other, and have sex. it is what it is
@@egy6434 Yeah, like the common folk would never had sex with none of the dozens of foreign races through history, not a single time in thousands of years, sure thing!!
@@paemonyes8299 lmao, that’s what comes to mind? Ps it was done to embarrass and Mark people, it was not created in any goof faith and shouldn’t be done to people even to this day. Or instead of collecting heads of people conquered and killed they took that as proof
Emy Magdalene I thought that bowl was SUPER cute but, I also imagine that it was VERY hard to shape and fire correctly! Since you say it was a physical representation of the Egyptian hieroglyph "to bring" I wonder if this bowl was a one off gag type item or was it a high status item common to that time in Egypt? Do you know?
R. Blakehole As far as I know, it’s the only one of its kind. We know very little about predynastic culture, but in later periods the lower class would copy some royal art just in a cheaper medium. This lil guy is from a burial, so it might be a strictly afterlife item. In the afterlife, funeral object like this would animate, so this bowl would “bring” offerings to the gods or the deceased person with his lil feet.
@@NeptunesLagoon they said the bowl with feet meant the same thing as to bring not the same meaning of feet so I didn’t see how what you said is the same thing as what the bowl means
Thank you for always stopping by and watching these, really motivates me to put out more for you all. Thanks so much for the support, really appreciate it. More to come, stay safe!
While my home state has literally been on fire and I have been unable to go outside for nearly two full weeks, you have helped keep me entertained and intellectually engaged. It brings me great joy to see your channel nearing 50k. This grand endeavor of yours deserves a big audience to appreciate it.
Oh you're in on the west coast like me then! Yeah I'm in southern CA so it hasn't been as bad over here, finally the sky is looking less like Mars and more like Earth and the smell of ash has faded away. Hope it's also getting better on your end...I take it you're further up north? Thanks again also for the good wishes, this channel would be nowhere without the kind support of viewers like yourself! More to come in the next few weeks, stay tuned and more importantly, stay safe!
@@HistorywithCy I suspect our "History Books" are absent in the subjects and greater facts of the "presynaptic Egypt". I've noticed some peculiar actions of Academia whom wrote the Stories that we learn as History. Condemning particular Ancient Written Records and History, while using and referencing the same resources. I've an expectation the Current Academic Stories of History are actually "preparing a pathway to a new statement", (this may cause some a challenge, due to allowing the Ego to infiltrate their self concept and their works" I wish all ease, in the transforming experiences as they make their way to transition into a greater clarity, understanding, and vision of the greater facts of our Collective 's History. We each have an equal value of lineage that goes back into this Ancient History, each equally a right to have it's truths. The recommended prescription for experiencing a change in "a story held as facts" is in gaining an understanding of and adaptation to the *"Standards of Science and Research",* particularly the values of: It is recommended to establish a habit of being *"Conscious in Thought" + "Applying Higher Mind" (Higher Mind aka Mature Mind holds all our Positive Thought Energies and it where Wisdom resides) (Lower Mind, aka Ego Mind, aka Adolescent Mind: holds the negative thought energies, fear based thoughts and ideas, prejudice, Judgemental, envy, jealousy, etc, a state of resistance, and unhappiness prevalent.) *"With Mind Fully Open, free 9f any predetermined Beliefs, Theories, Opinions, and allowing the Research Methodologies to extract the greater fact findings."* The Academic works are to benefit from free to think, consider, evaluate, propose Theories, for Explorations and Discoveries. In the past 30 years I've observed behaviors, actions, and listened/read statements that exhibit a departure from these Standards I was taught and continue to hold in great regards. There is little doubt that the times would arrive to 1st encourage, then shake the remaining back into the Academic Model governed by Wise and Experienced Scholars, with the Standards that guide all in the area of Administration, Teaching, and Research to hold to the Focus on Facts and allowing the Freedom to Evolve the Stories with the Standards 9ffering both guidance and protection of Ethics, in the Individuals and the Findings. Yes, it is definitely the most appropriate Prescription and it will offer the greatest satisfaction and recoveries. Theory based Paradigm always been a Shakey ground. Just a shared perspective. Best Regards, Beth Bartlett Sociologist/Behavioralist and Historian
Ah... The pre dinastic period... And to think that the ancient egyptians openly tried to preserve these ancient artifacts in much the same way we now try to preserve theirs, and that in the distant future someone will do the same with what we are creating now. It's rather poetic don't you all agree?
@@MasonBryant well. They may be cringe, but they are still a part of our society, making them a valuable treasure in the future. Bruh... The best archeological discoveries are literally ancient garbage... 😂
@@HistorywithCy I think they would look at us in the same way WE do with the middle ages. I mean. We ARE primitive when compared to our descendants. That's how humans work I guess... 🤷
... I don't think it's insulting to acknowledge that the evidence you've provided suggests Faiyum's people were run of the mill farmers in a period when most people could be described in much the same way. It's still fascinating to see what a run of the mill farmer's life was like 5000-7000 years ago.
Harsh environment forced these ancient civilizations in the Middle east to settle and farm .. slowly began first empires and kingdoms and writing and became the first humans civilizations The climate change began with the Holocene period .lwhich began 13k or 12 years ago Forcing middle eastern people to stop their hunting gathering way of life And embracing a new path .. or die in the deserts
It wasn't always this desertified, the sahara used to be much greener. Same with mesopotamia which is today significantly drier than it was in the past. Also, the shorelines looked slightly different too. So imposing present day climate maps on ancient and especially pre-history does not always give an accurate picture.
@@transsylvanian9100 According to geologists the Sahara goes through cycles of greater or lesser desertification. By most estimates even by the time described above it was already desert almost as large as it is today. Mesopotamia is a little different -- its current dryness is in good part due to human development in the region, and more particularly the funneling of the Tigris and Euphrates waters to human industry.
@@someone-wi4xllies the Naqada culture are tropical African from the Great Lakes in the Sahara and east Africa who became sedentary after the Sahara green. What complete and utter nonsense, e the Naqada culture and Badarian culture are in upper Egypt lower Nubia and the people in upper Egypt are Africans. Every biological analysis suggests the first inhabitants of this Nile were undeniably native African populations. Stop talking nonsense
Awesome video. Is there a way you can do a video on Egypt from the year 10,000 BCE to 5,000 BCE? It’d be nice to hear what Egypt was during a green Sahara. I once read that when Sahara ended its green phase (ie about 5000 BCE?), the inhabitants moved out and many settled along the Nile to help establish Egypt. How true is that theory. Thank!
I was lucky enough to study Egyptology in university and I always bucked the trend by preferring predynastic cultures like the Naqada. I find these peoples with their advanced trade routes and customs, which obviously laid the foundations of classical Egypt, quite interesting. I guess when it comes to history in antiquity I much prefer the beginnings.
8:28 I'm gonna need your sources on the Nile's unpredictable flooding. As I've learned it, the Nile is the most predictable river of the early civilizations. Mesopotamia has destructive, apocalyptic flood myths. Ancient Egyptian flood myths are always life giving.
Hi, thanks for stopping by... sure, there's a link in the video description leading to the sources used. As for unpredictable flooding, as I state in the video with regard to Faiyum, yes, the Nile flooded annually, but the level of water was not always the same. If the rains were low a particular year in the highlands to the south, the level of flooding would be much less. It's one thing if your farm is on the banks of the Nile and you can divert water using canals, but Faiyum was in a valley some distance away from the Nile River, and so even a slight decrease in annual rainfall could drastically affect the amount of flooding and silt provided to that area year-by-year. That's what I mean by unpredictable flooding. If you have any other questions, please don't hesitate to contact me. Thanks again for stopping by, appreciate it! .
History with Cy Ah, thanks for answering. As soon as I hit enter I thought wait, what if he was talking about the Faiyum specifically. 😅 Thanks, I really enjoy your history series.
Flood is a somewhat ambiguous term. A regular repeating flood is not truly a flood at all in the modern parlance - closer to a monsoon event. Today a flood is generally defined as an unpredictable event of sudden rainfall causing destructive movement of water across the land. I believe that the Mesopotamian clime simply did not have a regular flooding event as the Nile region experienced - therefore a sudden massive, destructive rise in river levels would be seen by contemporary historians as an unusual and likely divine event of judgement on the people.
@@TheMercian13 lol I've heard that the main character is a guy called "the Akkadian" so um, yeah, with regard to historical accuracy, doesn't look very promising 😂.
@@HistorywithCy It's incredibly inaccurate, as are all of the flicks in this 3-part ''Mummy'' series. But all are worth watching for the effects. Now for a macabre Historical question-- I've read accounts that claim 40-60% of the males members of a pre-Dynastic culture (6000 to 4000BC) were assassinated by sharp stone enemas. It sounds gross to me, but the sources were credible. As usual, thanks for all of the videos.
there is a cheap little game with the same name as this video; Predynastic Egypt, which was great fun for me, much as this video! Great work as always Cy.
Thoroughly enjoyed this vid especially since I'm reading the book "An Intro to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt" Thanks for posting and looking forward for more
Awesome vid mate. If you ever get a chance to visit the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford has a superb collection of predynastic and early old kingdom artefacts. You can see the similarities with the later more famous items but much more roughly hewn and primal. The gradual transition from bands of herders and farmers into the worlds first super power is much more interesting than ‘aliens did it’, or ‘ancient Atlantan super civilization did it’
Thanks and agreed. I actually really want to go the Ashmolean Museum on my next trip to the UK, I just don't know when that'll be. I'm hoping in 2021 and if so, I'll definitely let you know and if you're free, feel free to join...I actually have a list of 6 or 7 museums in the UK that I'm dying to see. Hope all is well on your side of the pond and stay safe!
@@Non-Serviam300 Well, the Hermes Trismagistus story (The Emerald Tablets of Thoth) would suggest the Atlanteans weren't the first ones there. The wild peoples who inhabited Egypt at the time may have been one of the four predynastic egyptian tribes mentioned by Cy. So, Egypt itself as a remnant of Atlantis is only half-correct, for the remnant integrated with the native to achieve the Egypt we all know so well.
As a kid growing up with my father, I remember the museums in and around London; none - in the world compare, not that I've ever seen. The amount of items, the diversity, the splendor of richness in one edifice after the next - left indelible markings on this child's mind. If the whole of Britain were to go bank- rupt - overnight ! - their museums alone would make them a world power. Plus I guess it doesn't hurt that since then I've been entirely in-love with England. I really miss it; but that was during the hippy era. I've not seen her since, but - truth is, I'm kinda afraid for my beloved these days. Greetings from the hell of the Sonoran desert.
Fascinating and illuminating documentary, especially for my studies, since I decided this week to explore Ancient Egyptian civilization from scratch. As already mentioned many times, I appreciate and admire your excellent historical channel. BRAVO!!!!
Thanks so much for stopping by and the feedback, really appreciate it! Glad that you liked this and there will also be plenty on ancient Egypt coming up as well in the next few months. Lots more on the way, stay safe!
Many thanks, comments like this make my day. It was fun to make and glad that you liked it...I wasn't sure how it would be received since it deals with a subject so distant in the past and not about your typical kings and empires, etc. Glad I was proven wrong! Thanks again, stay safe!
@@HistorywithCy "distant in the past and not about your typical kings and empires" describes exactly what I'm here for. I loved your vids on Sardinia and Cyprus too. I'd really like to know more about Naqada culture, but I'm not sure there's even enough information for another video about it. So many sources present stuff like Old Kingdom Egypt as this fully formed culture, and present stuff like hunter gatherers as sameish across the whole world. I'm FASCINATED by the transitional phase between that sameish H/G culture, and the distinct cultures of the great ancient civs. How did Egypt become Egypt? Same question for any civ. The architecture, religion, technology, dress, etc. WHY did it end up so different in different places? I don't know if that helps you decide what future vids to make, but there's my ramble.
@@HistorywithCy I'd also be really interested in vids about the ancient cultures that surrounded Egypt. You already did Cannan and I loved that vid, but what about the ancient Libyans that the Egyptians fought and traded with? What about ancient Nubia before the Kingdom of Kush? What abut things even further up river from Egypt? These might be impossible to make videos on, cause we know so little. "Welp, we've got some pottery, that's about it" wouldn't make a great video. But if there's anything like that where you can do as much detail as in this video...I'd be amazed and delighted.
Massive thanks for the video!!! I'm very interested in the Ancient Egypt and especially in predynastic and early dynastic periods. I really can't thank you enough!
I have read in one book about predinastic culture known as Maadi. It was situated on eastern bank of Nile. Archeological excavations between 1930 and 1935 revealed remains of settlement on 18 hectars from cca. 3600 BC. One of the earliest sites in Egypt were metal was produced. By the way, English name for Egypt, as in other modern languages, it comes from Greek: Aigyptos. It seems that from steam "gyptos" was developed later name for Kopti (Qopti), what is name for Christians in modern Egypt. Because, before Egypt was conquered by Muslim Arabs, it was one of important centers of early Christianity, but also of different Gnostic sects, related with early Christianity. Finally, in Nag Hammadi, in middle Egypt area cca. in 1947 were discovered many "gnostic" texts including alternative euangelia (gospels) labeled as apocrifs.
Haha thanks! Yeah I have a Q&A vid partially ready where I answer questions several of you asked a few months back, I just have to edit it... working on it. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
Yeah, I really enjoyed researching and putting this video together... maybe I'll follow it up with a podcast in future. Thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it. Stay safe!
I hit the thumbs up. I’m going to tell everyone I know about your channel. You have the least emotional most factual review of antiquity. Good on you sir. Please keep up the good work
Thanks so much for the feedback, that's pretty much what I'm going for...to be as objective as possible. Glad that you stopped by...more to come in future, stay safe!
Ayyy, thanks for doing this video, there's hardly any video on this, so nothing to listen to while in transit. And reading entire articles requires patience. I've been searching for more than a year
Thanks, glad you enjoyed it! I remember you had also mentioned the Ubaid or Halaf some time back. I will be doing a new video on those soon, stay tuned. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it. Stay safe!
You're quickly becoming my favorite ancient history channel. I love your accent and crisp pronunciation of complex historical names. I particularly enjoyed your work on Assyria. Nobody pronounces those names like you.. Idk if you do it right, but every time I hear someone else try, I cringe a little and want to direct them to your vids for proper pronunciation. :P Thanks, Cy. Your work is much appreciated.
Thanks so much, I really appreciate the feedback and kind words. I think my pronunciation gets better with time and I study this more and listen to those more knowledgeable than me pronounce them. In my early videos, I think my pronunciation of some terms was mediocre at best. I do love some some of these names, especially of the Mitanni kings - Tushratta, Artatama, Shaushtartar... they just sound fierce and powerful. Thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it... more to come, stay safe!
You MUST be a millennial or a Gen z, because he mispronounced and poorly pronounces SO MANY WORDS. ALL of you need to get some education. NO, HE DOESN'T PRONOUNCE MOST OF THE NAMES CORRECTLY. Now you know.
@@HistorywithCy WELL, try listening to MORE people who are more knowledgeable than you, because your multiple mispronounciations in this video were SO bad that it ruins the video fir people who actually DO know how these things are SUPPOSED TO BE SAID. Have you ever thought of attending university, instead of just listening to other Gen z idiots? You might, actually, learn some things.
Egypt's land area is the one of my favorite ancient Egypt , to me reading and writing other types of writing. And you giving more information that make me more interested even more , thank for the great video and keep it up video good luck on the next one.
yes! does this mean the Egypt series will come soon, this vid is very informative about ancient proto Egypt tho I wish there was more detail about the ethnography of the people still I understand such information is hard to come by and vids like this take a long time, keep it up.
Absolutely, yes! Much more on ancient Egypt coming up. I have some info on various ethnicity in ancient Egypt, but it generally deals with a much later and more with regard to various dynasties (Libyan, Canaanite, Nubian, etc.). That would would be a very interesting topic to cover. Thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
I often turn on one of your videos to fall asleep to, because your voice is very easy to listen to - however, at least 90% of the time, I end up staying awake and watching multiple videos until dawn. I appreciate you and your content buddy, thanks for helping my brain simultaneously relax AND learn. :)
Haha I wasn't sure in the beginning whether to take that as a compliment or criticism that these were boring and putting you to sleep, but I understand what you're saying lol. Thanks so much for the feedback and constantly stopping by, I really appreciate it...more um, bedtime stories from history to come, stay tuned and safe!
Comon practice even today in equitorial/tropical regions, crops often die out without excessive watering over the summer, whereas winter is much more gentle on crops.
Thanks so much for the feedback, really appreciate it! Yeah ancient Egypt is fascinating for me, and since I can't go there, studying it from home is the best I can do for the moment. More to come, stay safe!
Thank you for adding to my knowledge as always. I would have liked if you had touched on the Egyptian myths regarding the predynastic period. Zep Tepi and the "official line" don't always agree shall we say
I loved this so much! I was just brushing up on Fayum mummy portraits this morning, so your timing was excellent! I didn't even know where Faiyum was on a map. Thank you so much for expanding our historic horizons! Love your channel and your passion. Thanks for including images of artifacts! ❤❤❤ Fascinating!
Yeah, Faiyum has a really long history... this video only touches up with some of the earliest. Glad you liked the video and interesting art project you have there...if you post your work online let me know, would love to see. As always, thanks so much for tuning into these videos, really appreciate it! More on Egypt to come soon, stay safe!
My pleasure, glad you liked it! Yeah, Faiyum apparently is a resort town and pretty popular tourist spot, especially for the locals. Never been myself, but after learning more about it's history (was an active place during other periods of Egyptian history) I'd also like to check it out. Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it. Stay safe!
Hi, thanks for stopping by, appreciate it! I think that's more what they'd call prehistoric, but I could be wrong with regard to the exact terminology for Egypt. However, the period covered in this video was mainly the two thousand year span between 5000-3000 BC. Thanks again, stay safe!
It’s called the Green Sahara or Wet Sahara. Uan Muhuggiag Mummy of Libya 1000 years before the unification of Egypt is an example of the culture of the ancestors of the Egyptians, a culture that spanned the whole Sahara and lake mega chad region.
@@HistorywithCy There was also the Green Sahara period, and Uan Muhuggiag mummy, the oldest mummy ever found. The Sahara dried up quickly only two centuries before Egyptian unification.
@@chillininthesunshine5447 Yes, Caucasians with Eurasian DNA were all over the Sahara when it was green. They grazed their domesticated cattle there. That's how R1b haplogroup and pastoralism came to Chad. The Kiffians that lived in Niger 10,000 years ago share closest affinity with the Iberomaurusian people that lived in Morocco 15,000 years ago. They both were the early robust form of Caucasian. The Uan Muhuggiag mummy is supposed to be the oldest artificially mummified human remains. Other remains found in the same area had N mtDNA haplogroup, which split from the original out of Africa group. The migrations and the movement of ideas was in a North to South direction. Europeans were crossing the Mediterranean Sea at least 7,000 years ago. Eurasian migrations IN to Africa began at least 40,000 years ago when E split from DE haplogroup.
Is it just me, or does the figurine at 7:13 resemble the statue recently discovered at Gobekli Tepe? (the one with the protruding ribs and the hands on its sides)
I was hoping this video would shed some light on stone working and building advancements that led up to the monumental structures created by the Old Kingdom Pharaohs. The pyramids exhibit architecture that would have taken long periods of time to develop. Where are these developments?
The stone is sandstone so not that hard. The first pyramid was made out of mud brick and sandstone. It does not rain there so the structure still stands. The pyramid "craze" lasted about 100 years. In that time they built 130+ pyramids. Some in really rough shape due to weathering. The red pyramid is the first granite pyramid that is a perfect pyramid.(no where near Giza) Giza "mids" are the last 3 built then they went to underground mining in the Valley of the Kings. Cleopatra was the last Pharaoh and she had a temple complex built near the Mediterranean sea and it seems to have fallen into the sea. WE are closer to Cleopatra than her life time is to the last pyramid built. Present to Cleo approx 2000yrs. Cleo's reign to the last pointy building approx 2500yrs
The first Egyptian pharaohs were buried in rectangular tombs called mastabas. Later, extra steps were added to the roof of the mastaba, leading to the creation of step pyramids. Employ some extra techniques, and you end up with a "true" pyramid. This process of evolution took the Egyptian builders around 500 years, iirc.
Wow! Ancient Egypt! Nice to see that you started to do Egypt. It is very demanding and vast. Hopefully you will do it till the end. And please do no forget the last Elamite part!😜 Your channel is the best
Hi! Yes, definitely plan to do more on ancient Egyptian history, ideally I'd like to cover every dynasty, but that may take a while! And no worries, Elam is still on my mind... that's coming soon! As always, thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it... stay safe!
Thanks so much for the kind words and feedback, really appreciate it! Glad you like the video and will do my best to keep the same pace when speaking in future programs. Take care and stay safe!
flip the map the Egyptians, Arabs, and Chinese had south up orientation. The oldest stone assembly calendar that predates stonehenge by 5000 years, The Nabta Playa should have had a mention. Dating back to 7500 BC.
I hope the comments are actually relevant to the video and not the usual, " aCtuAlLy mOdErN eGyPtIaNs aRe nOt tHe rEaL dEsCeNdAnTs oF aNcIeNt eGyPtIaNs"
all that come down from kush. there's a reason all the kushites could read the hieroglyphs. also ma'at has an ostrich feather which is a giveaway. they also came from the areas of kush. osirus, also from kush.
Aegean Sea and Egypt are written in Greek (Αιγαίο & Αίγυπτος) you can easily notice there is a big similarity in those words if you examine how are written in Greek. For some linguistic researchers that's because both words are created from the greek word Αίγα = Goat And it makes sense to, since still today all Lands around the Aegean sea and Egypt are places ideal for cultivating goats
haha yeah when I first saw that bowl, I had to do a double take because it didn't look like something from the period. Apparently someone commented here that there's a hieroglyph that looks similar to it, and I'm not sure what it's true meaning may have been. Interesting and well, odd piece of kitchenware (or perhaps it was used in some religious ritual?). As always, thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it! More on ancient Egypt to come!
Yes, I have plans to do so in the near future, most likely first half of 2021. I've actually been reading up on the region's history, especially Ghana, Nigeria, Mali and Senegal and will start writing some scripts soon. Thanks for your interest, and if you have any other requests or suggestions, please don't hesitate to let me know. Thanks again and stay safe!
History with Cy thankyou a lot of black Americans don’t want to be from Africa for some reason I know it’s not your thing but can you do a video on the culture surrounding this and maybe the history proving it
@@trevoncowen9198 sure, I'll do my best! I"m not an expert on the subject by any means but over the past few years my interest in African history, especially ancient and medieval, has skyrocketed and I do want to expose others who might not know too much about the continent's rich history to a taste of what they're missing. Hopefully that goal will be achieved. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it... stay safe!
@@trevoncowen9198Not true at all. We take more pride in the Motherland than native Africans. We are even defending Ancient Kemet as an African country/culture while you guys are allowing Eurocentrism, like this gentleman to keep KMT out of Africa. Did you notice there was not one mention of the word Africa in this video?? A young, impressionable child might think it has absolutely NO connection to the continent. It's heartbreaking because it's so not true. And Indigenous Africans are not even trying to fight for or defend YOUR Continent's history. Shame on you! 😢💯
Khoisan live thousands of kilometers south so it is impossible Bantu wasn’t widely spread as it is now at those times And i doubt it moved outside Western Africa They are also clearly not Cushite For that they saw their southern neighbors as foreign people for thousands of years My humble guess is that Ancient Egyptians were closer genetically to Southern Levant people of Copper age and stone age Than other Africans And that they moved to Egypt from the levant Also brought Farming and tools with them from the Levant Which is a more realistic expectation Than some other Africans walking thousands of kilometers Or crossing the Sahara (which became a desert 8000+ years ago) On foot Remember There was no domesticated Horses or Camels back them You got to walk on foot Thousands of kilometers in short time because the Sahara began to be Arid desert Which is in my humble opinion isn’t possible While mixing and migrating from the Levant is more realistic
@@AGoogleuserfromthefuture yes .. and it took 10's of thousands of years not couple of centuries AFTER the Sahara became the desert we know today long distance travel became possible thanks to domestication of Donkeys Horses Camels and things like ships and whatnot back then (pre-dynastic egypt) .. these said animals weren't domesticated except in small places and when they did .. the domistication happened IN the Middle Easta Not Sub-Sahara Africa which continued to be in Neolithic age until 2000-2500 years ago when farming and forging started to become a thing in Sub-Sahara Africa and those who got such advancement (Bantu) spread in Africa SOUTH WARD not north
@@someone-wi4xl you're absolutely wrong. A mass of people, so long as they have good and water can move great distances on foot in months/a couple of years. Don't know where you got that information. The vandals moved from the eastern steppes into Africa in a few years.
@@brucewaite3733 are you seriously comparing the Vandals (2nd century BC) to Pre-Dynastic Egypt (5000 BCE) ?? you realize at the time of the Vandals Animals were well domesticated and used for long distance travel + trade ? as well as ships being strong and capable as well thanks to previous Civilizations such as the Phoenicians and others you realize that the Sahara became the desert we know today way before Animals were domisticated and that Sub-Sahara were ISOLATED from animal domestication (which occurred in the M.E) and were mostly living as Hunter-Gatherers till 500 BCE when the Bantu started farming / forging metals and spread SOUTH (not north) Genetics show that Ancient Egyptians had closer ties to the Levantine peoples than the rest of North Africans (let alone Sub-Sahara Africans)
Pre Dynastic Egypt (Kemet) The earliest evidence of human habitation in the region is thought by some to go back as far as 700,000 years. The oldest evidence of structures discovered thus far were found in the region of Wadi Halfa, ancient Nubia, in modern-day Sudan. These communities were built by a hunter-gatherer society who constructed mobile homes of flat sandstone floors most likely covered by animal skins or brush and perhaps held up by wooden stakes. The actual structures vanished centuries ago, of course, but man-made depressions in the earth, with stone floors, remained. These depressions were discovered by the Polish archaeologist Waldemar Chmielewski (1929-2004 CE) in the 1980's CE and were designated 'tent rings' in that they provided an area to set up a shelter which could easily be taken down and moved, similar to what one would find at a modern campsite. These rings are dated to the Late Paleolithic Age of approximately the 40th millennium BCE.
I am FAR more interested in Egypt 5000 to 9000 years ago than I am in the river-valley above the Red Sea. Even at these times, I can it help but think that within some of these Egyptian archeological sites at places, peoples, and very early cultures - digs have unearthed not items created by indigenous people's. Even earlier than this a very active exchange of art, various implements as well as ideas itself were being 'ferryed' back and forth and up and down between Egypt and the near east via the Levant.
If they were so basic, why are the pre-dynastic remains at Egypt’s main museum, of much higher quality than dynastic Egypt? From tombstones to hieroglyphs to mechanical looking devices we still haven’t figured out, they are clearly of much higher quality and really do not fit with the mainstream narrative....
Amazing video! Keep going on videos about this great country's history. I'd like to comment on something important you might not have heard of. The name of Egypt at these times wasn't official. For example, farmer communities called it "Kmt" as you said referring to their black soil, miners who lived in Sinai abd the eastern desert called it "Deshert" referring to the red colored dunes around them, merchants called it "Gbt" which means the "river land" and that's because their merchants travelled through the Nile river roots in the Delta region and then through the outer sea to Phoenicia, Greece and Anatolia, and btw Gbt was translated later to "Aegyptos" in Greek. In Tell Al Amarna tablets of the 14th century BC, Egypt was mentioned by Pharoah Akhenaten as "Masar/Masr" while Kings of the Levant and Mesopatamia referred to it as "Mesru" & "Misir". It was also called "Mitzrayim" by Israelites which means the "Two Egypts" referring to Lower & Upper Egypt. In Quran it was mentioned several times as "Misr", while in modern Egyptian Arabic it's called "Masr". Basically, Egypt can be used as European version of the name with knowing that Masr/Misr is the original one.
Hi, thanks so much for stopping by and the explanations on etymology, really appreciate them and love learning from comments such as this. Yeah I mentioned Kmt/Kemet because in the past I've gotten a lot of criticism for not mentioning it, but I mostly use the name Egypt not because it is European but due to the fact that most in the audience are familiar with it. But yes, this land has many names, some which I didn't even know of until you mentioned them. Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it and the info... more on Kmt/Masr/Misir/Egypt to come in the near future, stay tuned!
Yes. I appreciate the channel. Like your voice. The yellow letters for titles make it easy to find your videos on my phone. If there is a place you keep your booklist or sources...that would be awesome to see. Thank you.
Hi, thanks so much for stopping by, I really appreciate it and also thanks so much for the feedback. For booklist/sources, you can seen those (for this an other videos) by clicking "Sources and Suggested Reading" in the video description. Here's the link: bit.ly/3hqT9v5 Thanks again and if you have any other questions, please don't hesitate to ask...stay safe!
Fayum, wasn't an oasis in a "harsh desert environment" 7k years ago. The Sahara Desert was MUCH smaller then...all those cave men burning wood to keep warm and cook on made the climate change for the warmer at the end of the last ice age...The Sahel at that time was an open steppe environment, not semi-desert region. The Nile Valley was far wider and much less harsh than it currently is.
Yes, absolutely! I've just been working chronologically for the most part, but soon I'll get to some of the native peoples of the Americas, probably Mesoamerica and South America first and then shortly afterward North America. Look for that early 2021. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
“A "black body" in physics is a perfect absorber of light. It is an object that absorbs all electromagnet radiation that falls onto it. The object does not reflect radiation, and no radiation passes through it. In practical terms, black is both a color and the shade of objects that do not reflect light in any part of the visible spectrum. In the BCOAG Logo, black also refers to one of the earliest names for the country that the Greeks named Egypt. Kemet, and Kemet gave the world its first medical literature in the form of medical papyri. The Egyptians have been described as the "light" of the Ancient World.”
Haha maybe not. The caption from the British Museum said it is supposed to be a "toliet spoon" so um...yeah...not sure you'd want to use it at a dinner party haha. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it. Stay safe!
The culture and civilization of Africa is so beautiful, we Egyptian often cutted-off from africa as we are no longer look or resembles the Ethnicity of Africa along with other north african countries, but we still are proud Africans and the rest of the continent are our FAMILY. 💚💙🖤
Yup, it's unfotunalty a deliberate move and known trade of the outsiders, to divide people historically, Africa was on a plate and divided like a stake
Imagine breaking away from the crowd in being an artist in predynastic Egypt all for someone to say the sculpture you made of your warrior hero great granddad looks like a potato
He was just predicting the last American President.
Well at that time, it was brilliant. Now its potato head.
Potatoes are from the New World and were not known in these times.
Very true, specifically South America in the Andean cultures like the Moche or Inca.
Mesoamerican cultures like the Maya didn’t even have potatoes.
😂😂😂😂😂
Good to see this is being done.
When ever Egypt is being covered it's always when Egypt has already been established and there are pharaohs and the pyramids. I think people forget that it didnt just magically pop out of thin air. It had predecessors, it took thousands of years for it to become Egypt
Very much agree
U right,there surely were predecessors, I somewhat understand the meaning of at least 3 of the cities mentioned in my Akan language ( Faiyum, Abydos, Hierakropolis ).
Fa-yèmu is land- tilling/working meaning a place of farming ( today afuyèmu in ,Akan).
- Abydos sounds like "abedoo" means a land of STONE BEDROCKS ,
Implying stone boulders are present on the land.
- Hierakropolis - is like "hinakroponso" meaning the King's capital city.
I wish sbd tells me these are historically correct and that the Akans were likely the Nakanda/Naqada
Obviously. pyramids are skyscrapers of their civilisation, the peak of their civilization.
Im egyptian and im always fascinated by the pre deynastic egypt more that the period every one knows
@egy6434 I'm not too aware of the differences between peoples in the region, but are the people living in Egypt today largely the direct decendants of the very same peoples that populated it in predynastic Egypt, or has there been so many influxes and settlements of people since then that it's hard to say?
yes! I love the time periods that are the least "commonly" known about, like the Hittites, Pre dynastic Egypt, the v early middle ages, sub Saharan african history, polynesian history etc
@@egy6434 lmao. literally all humans mix w all other humans. the 2 things one can count on people doing when 2 different groups meet, is kill each other, and have sex. it is what it is
《𓂀 ŦÂRЄҚ𓂀》 Not the Egyptians I know. Even the Coptic man I used to know married a Lebanese, I think she was.
@@egy6434 Yeah, like the common folk would never had sex with none of the dozens of foreign races through history, not a single time in thousands of years, sure thing!!
I wish I had a magic camera that could be pointed to any period of time.
Imagine what sights could be there throughout history.
if you ever do point it to nuremberg germany 1561
I wonder what the first circumcision looked like or how those georgian ladies with massive balk gowns went to the loo
@@paemonyes8299 lmao, that’s what comes to mind? Ps it was done to embarrass and Mark people, it was not created in any goof faith and shouldn’t be done to people even to this day. Or instead of collecting heads of people conquered and killed they took that as proof
There's a science fiction book about that called _Pastwatch._ In the book, they are studying Christopher Columbus.
That's a better idea than a time machine. You never know what dangers you might find yourself in.
14:27 Fun fact! The bowl with feet is actually the image of the hieroglyph "to bring." It's an ancient pun.
Cool, thanks for sharing, appreciate it!
Emy Magdalene I thought that bowl was SUPER cute but, I also imagine that it was VERY hard to shape and fire correctly! Since you say it was a physical representation of the Egyptian hieroglyph "to bring" I wonder if this bowl was a one off gag type item or was it a high status item common to that time in Egypt? Do you know?
R. Blakehole As far as I know, it’s the only one of its kind. We know very little about predynastic culture, but in later periods the lower class would copy some royal art just in a cheaper medium. This lil guy is from a burial, so it might be a strictly afterlife item. In the afterlife, funeral object like this would animate, so this bowl would “bring” offerings to the gods or the deceased person with his lil feet.
@@Emymagdalena the feet... Like a base or pedestal, ped means foot...
We still use this expression today...
@@NeptunesLagoon they said the bowl with feet meant the same thing as to bring not the same meaning of feet so I didn’t see how what you said is the same thing as what the bowl means
Hey Cy, I just would liek to thank you for your work extremely informative, accurate and unbiased.
Thank you for always stopping by and watching these, really motivates me to put out more for you all. Thanks so much for the support, really appreciate it. More to come, stay safe!
While my home state has literally been on fire and I have been unable to go outside for nearly two full weeks, you have helped keep me entertained and intellectually engaged. It brings me great joy to see your channel nearing 50k. This grand endeavor of yours deserves a big audience to appreciate it.
Oh you're in on the west coast like me then! Yeah I'm in southern CA so it hasn't been as bad over here, finally the sky is looking less like Mars and more like Earth and the smell of ash has faded away. Hope it's also getting better on your end...I take it you're further up north?
Thanks again also for the good wishes, this channel would be nowhere without the kind support of viewers like yourself! More to come in the next few weeks, stay tuned and more importantly, stay safe!
🤣 🤣 🤣 🤣
@@HistorywithCy
I suspect our "History Books" are absent in the subjects and greater facts of the "presynaptic Egypt". I've noticed some peculiar actions of Academia whom wrote the Stories that we learn as History. Condemning particular Ancient Written Records and History, while using and referencing the same resources.
I've an expectation the Current Academic Stories of History are actually "preparing a pathway to a new statement", (this may cause some a challenge, due to allowing the Ego to infiltrate their self concept and their works"
I wish all ease, in the transforming experiences as they make their way to transition into a greater clarity, understanding, and vision of the greater facts of our Collective 's History.
We each have an equal value of lineage that goes back into this Ancient History, each equally a right to have it's truths.
The recommended prescription for experiencing a change in "a story held as facts" is in gaining an understanding of and adaptation to the *"Standards of Science and Research",* particularly the values of:
It is recommended to establish a habit of being *"Conscious in Thought" + "Applying Higher Mind" (Higher Mind aka Mature Mind holds all our Positive Thought Energies and it where Wisdom resides)
(Lower Mind, aka Ego Mind, aka Adolescent Mind: holds the negative thought energies, fear based thoughts and ideas, prejudice, Judgemental, envy, jealousy, etc, a state of resistance, and unhappiness prevalent.)
*"With Mind Fully Open, free 9f any predetermined Beliefs, Theories, Opinions, and allowing the Research Methodologies to extract the greater fact findings."*
The Academic works are to benefit from free to think, consider, evaluate, propose Theories, for Explorations and Discoveries.
In the past 30 years I've observed behaviors, actions, and listened/read statements that exhibit a departure from these Standards I was taught and continue to hold in great regards.
There is little doubt that the times would arrive to 1st encourage, then shake the remaining back into the Academic Model governed by Wise and Experienced Scholars, with the Standards that guide all in the area of Administration, Teaching, and Research to hold to the Focus on Facts and allowing the Freedom to Evolve the Stories with the Standards 9ffering both guidance and protection of Ethics, in the Individuals and the Findings.
Yes, it is definitely the most appropriate Prescription and it will offer the greatest satisfaction and recoveries.
Theory based Paradigm always been a Shakey ground.
Just a shared perspective.
Best Regards,
Beth Bartlett
Sociologist/Behavioralist
and Historian
P
Ah...
The pre dinastic period...
And to think that the ancient egyptians openly tried to preserve these ancient artifacts in much the same way we now try to preserve theirs, and that in the distant future someone will do the same with what we are creating now.
It's rather poetic
don't you all agree?
I'm not sure people in the future will hold footage of tiktock routines to a high standard!
@@MasonBryant
well.
They may be cringe, but they are still a part of our society, making them a valuable treasure in the future.
Bruh...
The best archeological discoveries are literally ancient garbage...
😂
but they told me its the end of history
@@MasonBryant lol I certainly hope not... they might think, "wow, such a primitive society..."
@@HistorywithCy
I think they would look at us in the same way WE do with the middle ages.
I mean.
We ARE primitive when compared to our descendants.
That's how humans work I guess...
🤷
... I don't think it's insulting to acknowledge that the evidence you've provided suggests Faiyum's people were run of the mill farmers in a period when most people could be described in much the same way.
It's still fascinating to see what a run of the mill farmer's life was like 5000-7000 years ago.
It's amazing how the Nile is this noodle of life in a huge swathe of basically uninhabitable desert
Harsh environment forced these ancient civilizations in the Middle east to settle and farm .. slowly began first empires and kingdoms and writing and became the first humans civilizations
The climate change began with the Holocene period .lwhich began 13k or 12 years ago
Forcing middle eastern people to stop their hunting gathering way of life
And embracing a new path .. or die in the deserts
That's often how it's been around the world. No water, no life.
It wasn't always this desertified, the sahara used to be much greener. Same with mesopotamia which is today significantly drier than it was in the past. Also, the shorelines looked slightly different too. So imposing present day climate maps on ancient and especially pre-history does not always give an accurate picture.
@@transsylvanian9100 According to geologists the Sahara goes through cycles of greater or lesser desertification. By most estimates even by the time described above it was already desert almost as large as it is today. Mesopotamia is a little different -- its current dryness is in good part due to human development in the region, and more particularly the funneling of the Tigris and Euphrates waters to human industry.
@@someone-wi4xllies the Naqada culture are tropical African from the Great Lakes in the Sahara and east Africa who became sedentary after the Sahara green. What complete and utter nonsense, e the Naqada culture and Badarian culture are in upper Egypt lower Nubia and the people in upper Egypt are Africans. Every biological analysis suggests the first inhabitants of this Nile were undeniably native African populations. Stop talking nonsense
Awesome video. Is there a way you can do a video on Egypt from the year 10,000 BCE to 5,000 BCE? It’d be nice to hear what Egypt was during a green Sahara. I once read that when Sahara ended its green phase (ie about 5000 BCE?), the inhabitants moved out and many settled along the Nile to help establish Egypt. How true is that theory.
Thank!
Very true
The sphinx had a lion head.
@@alexislaisney3404fr fr water takes away all
Research the green Sahara hypothesis and how people migrate
What do you want to know
It's pre history even 5000 Bc to 3200 bc period of Egypt is pre history
I really like how you show the artifacts. A nice tight concise package. Thank you
Thanks for the feedback and stopping by, really appreciate it...more to come, stay safe!
I was lucky enough to study Egyptology in university and I always bucked the trend by preferring predynastic cultures like the Naqada. I find these peoples with their advanced trade routes and customs, which obviously laid the foundations of classical Egypt, quite interesting. I guess when it comes to history in antiquity I much prefer the beginnings.
Respect from Naqada🙃💜
8:28 I'm gonna need your sources on the Nile's unpredictable flooding. As I've learned it, the Nile is the most predictable river of the early civilizations. Mesopotamia has destructive, apocalyptic flood myths. Ancient Egyptian flood myths are always life giving.
Hi, thanks for stopping by... sure, there's a link in the video description leading to the sources used. As for unpredictable flooding, as I state in the video with regard to Faiyum, yes, the Nile flooded annually, but the level of water was not always the same. If the rains were low a particular year in the highlands to the south, the level of flooding would be much less. It's one thing if your farm is on the banks of the Nile and you can divert water using canals, but Faiyum was in a valley some distance away from the Nile River, and so even a slight decrease in annual rainfall could drastically affect the amount of flooding and silt provided to that area year-by-year. That's what I mean by unpredictable flooding. If you have any other questions, please don't hesitate to contact me. Thanks again for stopping by, appreciate it! .
History with Cy Ah, thanks for answering. As soon as I hit enter I thought wait, what if he was talking about the Faiyum specifically. 😅 Thanks, I really enjoy your history series.
@@Emymagdalena No worries, thank you!
Flood is a somewhat ambiguous term.
A regular repeating flood is not truly a flood at all in the modern parlance - closer to a monsoon event.
Today a flood is generally defined as an unpredictable event of sudden rainfall causing destructive movement of water across the land.
I believe that the Mesopotamian clime simply did not have a regular flooding event as the Nile region experienced - therefore a sudden massive, destructive rise in river levels would be seen by contemporary historians as an unusual and likely divine event of judgement on the people.
@@HistorywithCy They always knew how high it would flood because the crocodile would always know and wait at the spot insctinctively. Hence, Sobek.
The last time I was this early, I was watching King Scorpion on campaign...
Haha I still have to see that movie... heard a lot about it though. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it. More to come, stay safe!
Ha!!!!
History with Cy a historical review is required.
I’m not sure if you’d laugh or cry 😂
@@TheMercian13 lol I've heard that the main character is a guy called "the Akkadian" so um, yeah, with regard to historical accuracy, doesn't look very promising 😂.
@@HistorywithCy It's incredibly inaccurate, as are all of the flicks in this 3-part ''Mummy'' series. But all are worth watching for the effects.
Now for a macabre Historical question--
I've read accounts that claim 40-60% of the males members of a pre-Dynastic culture (6000 to 4000BC) were assassinated by sharp stone enemas. It sounds gross to me, but the sources were credible.
As usual, thanks for all of the videos.
I really enjoy your videos. Thanks for covering these early periods, we don’t know enough about these truly ancient and fascinating times.
there is a cheap little game with the same name as this video; Predynastic Egypt, which was great fun for me, much as this video! Great work as always Cy.
Thoroughly enjoyed this vid especially since I'm reading the book "An Intro to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt" Thanks for posting and looking forward for more
Thank you for stopping by, really appreciate it...more to come, stay safe!
Awesome vid mate. If you ever get a chance to visit the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford has a superb collection of predynastic and early old kingdom artefacts. You can see the similarities with the later more famous items but much more roughly hewn and primal. The gradual transition from bands of herders and farmers into the worlds first super power is much more interesting than ‘aliens did it’, or ‘ancient Atlantan super civilization did it’
Thanks and agreed. I actually really want to go the Ashmolean Museum on my next trip to the UK, I just don't know when that'll be. I'm hoping in 2021 and if so, I'll definitely let you know and if you're free, feel free to join...I actually have a list of 6 or 7 museums in the UK that I'm dying to see. Hope all is well on your side of the pond and stay safe!
I’m still pretty intrigued by Atlantis and the possibility that Egypt is a remnant or reflection of that amazing place/people.
@@Non-Serviam300 Well, the Hermes Trismagistus story (The Emerald Tablets of Thoth) would suggest the Atlanteans weren't the first ones there. The wild peoples who inhabited Egypt at the time may have been one of the four predynastic egyptian tribes mentioned by Cy.
So, Egypt itself as a remnant of Atlantis is only half-correct, for the remnant integrated with the native to achieve the Egypt we all know so well.
As a kid growing up with my father,
I remember the museums in and around London; none - in the world compare, not that I've ever seen.
The amount of items, the diversity,
the splendor of richness in one edifice after the next - left indelible markings on this child's mind.
If the whole of Britain were to go bank-
rupt - overnight ! - their museums alone would make them a world power.
Plus I guess it doesn't hurt that since then I've been entirely in-love with England. I really miss it; but that was
during the hippy era.
I've not seen her since, but - truth is,
I'm kinda afraid for my beloved these days.
Greetings from the hell of the Sonoran desert.
nerd
Fascinating and illuminating documentary, especially for my studies, since I decided this week to explore Ancient Egyptian civilization from scratch.
As already mentioned many times, I appreciate and admire your excellent historical channel. BRAVO!!!!
Thanks so much for stopping by and the feedback, really appreciate it! Glad that you liked this and there will also be plenty on ancient Egypt coming up as well in the next few months. Lots more on the way, stay safe!
The is my favourite video yet, and since so many of yours are great, that's saying something. I really learned a lot on this one, thank you, Cy.
Many thanks, comments like this make my day. It was fun to make and glad that you liked it...I wasn't sure how it would be received since it deals with a subject so distant in the past and not about your typical kings and empires, etc. Glad I was proven wrong!
Thanks again, stay safe!
@@HistorywithCy "distant in the past and not about your typical kings and empires" describes exactly what I'm here for. I loved your vids on Sardinia and Cyprus too. I'd really like to know more about Naqada culture, but I'm not sure there's even enough information for another video about it. So many sources present stuff like Old Kingdom Egypt as this fully formed culture, and present stuff like hunter gatherers as sameish across the whole world. I'm FASCINATED by the transitional phase between that sameish H/G culture, and the distinct cultures of the great ancient civs. How did Egypt become Egypt? Same question for any civ. The architecture, religion, technology, dress, etc. WHY did it end up so different in different places? I don't know if that helps you decide what future vids to make, but there's my ramble.
@@HistorywithCy I'd also be really interested in vids about the ancient cultures that surrounded Egypt. You already did Cannan and I loved that vid, but what about the ancient Libyans that the Egyptians fought and traded with? What about ancient Nubia before the Kingdom of Kush? What abut things even further up river from Egypt? These might be impossible to make videos on, cause we know so little. "Welp, we've got some pottery, that's about it" wouldn't make a great video. But if there's anything like that where you can do as much detail as in this video...I'd be amazed and delighted.
Love this channel so much
Massive thanks for the video!!! I'm very interested in the Ancient Egypt and especially in predynastic and early dynastic periods. I really can't thank you enough!
My pleasure, glad liked it! I'll do some more on early Egypt soon, stay tuned. Thanks for stopping by, stay safe!
I have read in one book about predinastic culture known as Maadi. It was situated on eastern bank of Nile. Archeological excavations between 1930 and 1935 revealed remains of settlement on 18 hectars from cca. 3600 BC. One of the earliest sites in Egypt were metal was produced. By the way, English name for Egypt, as in other modern languages, it comes from Greek: Aigyptos. It seems that from steam "gyptos" was developed later name for Kopti (Qopti), what is name for Christians in modern Egypt. Because, before Egypt was conquered by Muslim Arabs, it was one of important centers of early Christianity, but also of different Gnostic sects, related with early Christianity. Finally, in Nag Hammadi, in middle Egypt area cca. in 1947 were discovered many "gnostic" texts including alternative euangelia (gospels) labeled as apocrifs.
When do we get a vid about you, Cy?
Great work as always ❤👌
Haha thanks! Yeah I have a Q&A vid partially ready where I answer questions several of you asked a few months back, I just have to edit it... working on it.
Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
you have a nice voice making your video easier for me to stay interested in
Did my intro to archeology research paper on pre-dynastic and dynasty 0. Loved researching the subject.
Yeah, I really enjoyed researching and putting this video together... maybe I'll follow it up with a podcast in future. Thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it. Stay safe!
They had kings or early Pharoahs in 4000 bce and well temples too archaeology displays.
I hit the thumbs up. I’m going to tell everyone I know about your channel. You have the least emotional most factual review of antiquity. Good on you sir. Please keep up the good work
Thanks so much for the feedback, that's pretty much what I'm going for...to be as objective as possible. Glad that you stopped by...more to come in future, stay safe!
Ayyy, thanks for doing this video, there's hardly any video on this, so nothing to listen to while in transit. And reading entire articles requires patience. I've been searching for more than a year
Thanks, glad you enjoyed it! I remember you had also mentioned the Ubaid or Halaf some time back. I will be doing a new video on those soon, stay tuned. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it. Stay safe!
You're quickly becoming my favorite ancient history channel. I love your accent and crisp pronunciation of complex historical names. I particularly enjoyed your work on Assyria. Nobody pronounces those names like you.. Idk if you do it right, but every time I hear someone else try, I cringe a little and want to direct them to your vids for proper pronunciation. :P
Thanks, Cy. Your work is much appreciated.
Thanks so much, I really appreciate the feedback and kind words. I think my pronunciation gets better with time and I study this more and listen to those more knowledgeable than me pronounce them. In my early videos, I think my pronunciation of some terms was mediocre at best. I do love some some of these names, especially of the Mitanni kings - Tushratta, Artatama, Shaushtartar... they just sound fierce and powerful. Thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it... more to come, stay safe!
You MUST be a millennial or a Gen z, because he mispronounced and poorly pronounces SO MANY WORDS. ALL of you need to get some education. NO, HE DOESN'T PRONOUNCE
MOST OF THE NAMES CORRECTLY. Now you know.
@@HistorywithCy WELL, try listening to MORE people who are more knowledgeable than you, because your multiple mispronounciations in this video were SO bad that it ruins the video fir people who actually DO know how these things are SUPPOSED TO BE SAID. Have you ever thought of attending university, instead of just listening to other Gen z idiots? You might, actually, learn some things.
ok how about you try and pronounce words that have not been spoken in over 2000 years@@jchang76
Egypt's land area is the one of my favorite ancient Egypt , to me reading and writing other types of writing. And you giving more information that make me more interested even more , thank for the great video and keep it up video good luck on the next one.
yes! does this mean the Egypt series will come soon, this vid is very informative about ancient proto Egypt tho I wish there was more detail about the ethnography of the people still I understand such information is hard to come by and vids like this take a long time, keep it up.
Absolutely, yes! Much more on ancient Egypt coming up. I have some info on various ethnicity in ancient Egypt, but it generally deals with a much later and more with regard to various dynasties (Libyan, Canaanite, Nubian, etc.). That would would be a very interesting topic to cover. Thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
@@HistorywithCy thanks, looking forward to the next one
Wow, i found your channel through your babylon video and im stunned man, great quality video, very informative thank you
I literally had no idea about how prehistory in Egypt was like because Egypt. This is really eye-opening.
Can you rewrite what you meant to say friend?
can you please make a dedicated video on the Naqada Culture of Egypt, and another one on the Badarian Culture.
Even run of the mill farmers are extraordinary. Today we like to forget the incredible intelligence it took to realize one could reap what he sows.
I often turn on one of your videos to fall asleep to, because your voice is very easy to listen to - however, at least 90% of the time, I end up staying awake and watching multiple videos until dawn. I appreciate you and your content buddy, thanks for helping my brain simultaneously relax AND learn. :)
Haha I wasn't sure in the beginning whether to take that as a compliment or criticism that these were boring and putting you to sleep, but I understand what you're saying lol. Thanks so much for the feedback and constantly stopping by, I really appreciate it...more um, bedtime stories from history to come, stay tuned and safe!
I love ancient Egyptian history
Me too, and I'll be putting out more on the subject too...thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
Fascinating video! I haven't found any videos about predynastic Egypt until now. I really appreciate this one
4:35 Planting in fall and harvesting in spring? Am I missing something, because we do the exact opposite today?
Comon practice even today in equitorial/tropical regions, crops often die out without excessive watering over the summer, whereas winter is much more gentle on crops.
In the American South, wheat is planted in late Fall for a late Spring harvest. In Florida tomatoes are usually grown in the Winter.
So engaging! Loved this ancient history documentary.
3:59 the little figurines look like the statue from Gobeckli Tepe.
Thanks To You. It's so great getting a good education in history without having to return to school. You do a great job.
Thanks so much for the feedback, really appreciate it! Yeah ancient Egypt is fascinating for me, and since I can't go there, studying it from home is the best I can do for the moment. More to come, stay safe!
Thank you for adding to my knowledge as always. I would have liked if you had touched on the Egyptian myths regarding the predynastic period. Zep Tepi and the "official line" don't always agree shall we say
That doesn’t mean anything. Read the four Christian gospels starting with the genealogy of someone who never existed.
This is a great video. I love all your videos. However, this one was wonderful. Thank you Cy.
I loved this so much! I was just brushing up on Fayum mummy portraits this morning, so your timing was excellent! I didn't even know where Faiyum was on a map. Thank you so much for expanding our historic horizons! Love your channel and your passion. Thanks for including images of artifacts! ❤❤❤ Fascinating!
Yeah, Faiyum has a really long history... this video only touches up with some of the earliest. Glad you liked the video and interesting art project you have there...if you post your work online let me know, would love to see. As always, thanks so much for tuning into these videos, really appreciate it! More on Egypt to come soon, stay safe!
Been waiting for this video for so long. Thanks!
Oh nice, glad to hear it! I'll be doing more on early Egypt quite soon. Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
The further we go back the less we seem to know but everytime i see a new video on the topic i react the same way "yay, new content" hahaha.
Thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
Very interesting and informative. Looking forward for your explanation of the incredible leap from pre-dynastic to dynastic. Subscribed.
PROPER Egyptian archaeology :) No Aliens, Stargates, Atlanteans, or Lovecraftian mythology :D There's doubtless much more to learn :)
Faiyum will be another stop on my bucket list. Thanks for another great video.
My pleasure, glad you liked it! Yeah, Faiyum apparently is a resort town and pretty popular tourist spot, especially for the locals. Never been myself, but after learning more about it's history (was an active place during other periods of Egyptian history) I'd also like to check it out.
Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it. Stay safe!
Egyptian pre-dynastic period extends beyond 15k years
Hi, thanks for stopping by, appreciate it! I think that's more what they'd call prehistoric, but I could be wrong with regard to the exact terminology for Egypt. However, the period covered in this video was mainly the two thousand year span between 5000-3000 BC. Thanks again, stay safe!
It’s called the Green Sahara or Wet Sahara. Uan Muhuggiag Mummy of Libya 1000 years before the unification of Egypt is an example of the culture of the ancestors of the Egyptians, a culture that spanned the whole Sahara and lake mega chad region.
@@HistorywithCy There was also the Green Sahara period, and Uan Muhuggiag mummy, the oldest mummy ever found. The Sahara dried up quickly only two centuries before Egyptian unification.
@@chillininthesunshine5447- shhh you'll kill their illusion lol.
@@chillininthesunshine5447 Yes, Caucasians with Eurasian DNA were all over the Sahara when it was green. They grazed their domesticated cattle there. That's how R1b haplogroup and pastoralism came to Chad. The Kiffians that lived in Niger 10,000 years ago share closest affinity with the Iberomaurusian people that lived in Morocco 15,000 years ago. They both were the early robust form of Caucasian.
The Uan Muhuggiag mummy is supposed to be the oldest artificially mummified human remains. Other remains found in the same area had N mtDNA haplogroup, which split from the original out of Africa group.
The migrations and the movement of ideas was in a North to South direction. Europeans were crossing the Mediterranean Sea at least 7,000 years ago. Eurasian migrations IN to Africa began at least 40,000 years ago when E split from DE haplogroup.
Is it just me, or does the figurine at 7:13 resemble the statue recently discovered at Gobekli Tepe? (the one with the protruding ribs and the hands on its sides)
I was hoping this video would shed some light on stone working and building advancements that led up to the monumental structures created by the Old Kingdom Pharaohs. The pyramids exhibit architecture that would have taken long periods of time to develop. Where are these developments?
The stone is sandstone so not that hard. The first pyramid was made out of mud brick and sandstone. It does not rain there so the structure still stands. The pyramid "craze" lasted about 100 years. In that time they built 130+ pyramids. Some in really rough shape due to weathering. The red pyramid is the first granite pyramid that is a perfect pyramid.(no where near Giza) Giza "mids" are the last 3 built then they went to underground mining in the Valley of the Kings. Cleopatra was the last Pharaoh and she had a temple complex built near the Mediterranean sea and it seems to have fallen into the sea. WE are closer to Cleopatra than her life time is to the last pyramid built. Present to Cleo approx 2000yrs. Cleo's reign to the last pointy building approx 2500yrs
The first Egyptian pharaohs were buried in rectangular tombs called mastabas. Later, extra steps were added to the roof of the mastaba, leading to the creation of step pyramids. Employ some extra techniques, and you end up with a "true" pyramid. This process of evolution took the Egyptian builders around 500 years, iirc.
I remember studying Egypt in my college world history class. Thank you, Dr. Lasher.
Wow!
Ancient Egypt!
Nice to see that you started to do Egypt.
It is very demanding and vast. Hopefully you will do it till the end.
And please do no forget the last Elamite part!😜
Your channel is the best
Hi! Yes, definitely plan to do more on ancient Egyptian history, ideally I'd like to cover every dynasty, but that may take a while! And no worries, Elam is still on my mind... that's coming soon!
As always, thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it... stay safe!
Your wish is granted... new program/podcast on the Elamites out now...enjoy!
This was really interesting and you talk slow enough that I can process what you are saying. Thank you...
Thanks so much for the kind words and feedback, really appreciate it! Glad you like the video and will do my best to keep the same pace when speaking in future programs. Take care and stay safe!
Comment for the algorithm.
+
NEVER!
Exactly
Thanks y'all, appreciate it!
Well done ... i'll be back to see more
flip the map the Egyptians, Arabs, and Chinese had south up orientation. The oldest stone assembly calendar that predates stonehenge by 5000 years, The Nabta Playa should have had a mention. Dating back to 7500 BC.
Amazing video
I hope the comments are actually relevant to the video and not the usual, " aCtuAlLy mOdErN eGyPtIaNs aRe nOt tHe rEaL dEsCeNdAnTs oF aNcIeNt eGyPtIaNs"
I’m afraid it’s the latter
But it’s fax though
@@giddy9831It literally isn't. DNA has shown this over and over again. Stop erasing the Coptic people for your pseudoscientific nonsense.
@@theangryholmesian4556 nuh-uh
Very interesting video.
all that come down from kush. there's a reason all the kushites could read the hieroglyphs. also ma'at has an ostrich feather which is a giveaway. they also came from the areas of kush. osirus, also from kush.
No
They saw the Nubians as foreigners for thousands of years.. fighting them off their borders and enslaving some of them after wars
someone But they also acknowledge themselves that they came from the horn, Down the river Nile.
Beautifully described about the Pre Pre-dynastic period of Egypt in a nut shell
Aegean Sea and Egypt are written in Greek (Αιγαίο & Αίγυπτος) you can easily notice there is a big similarity in those words if you examine how are written in Greek. For some linguistic researchers that's because both words are created from the greek word Αίγα = Goat And it makes sense to, since still today all Lands around the Aegean sea and Egypt are places ideal for cultivating goats
@@egy6434 :)
Doesn't matter the original people didnot Refered to the land as Kemet, not Egypt..
Very well done I enjoyed this episode.
Can you do a video about the Berbers/amazigh/people of North Africa?:) it would be awesome!:)
Thanks for the video!
I LOVE Ancient Egypt 💖 Thank you, Cy. Wot an adorable little bowl with human feet 🦶🦶😍
I loved that too
Part adorable, part creepy. Perfect!
haha yeah when I first saw that bowl, I had to do a double take because it didn't look like something from the period. Apparently someone commented here that there's a hieroglyph that looks similar to it, and I'm not sure what it's true meaning may have been. Interesting and well, odd piece of kitchenware (or perhaps it was used in some religious ritual?). As always, thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it! More on ancient Egypt to come!
I was hoping for a longer video......maybe a part 2? Also it f you could do more pre history videos that'd be great!
Can you do something on west Africa
Yes, I have plans to do so in the near future, most likely first half of 2021. I've actually been reading up on the region's history, especially Ghana, Nigeria, Mali and Senegal and will start writing some scripts soon. Thanks for your interest, and if you have any other requests or suggestions, please don't hesitate to let me know. Thanks again and stay safe!
History with Cy thankyou a lot of black Americans don’t want to be from Africa for some reason I know it’s not your thing but can you do a video on the culture surrounding this and maybe the history proving it
@@trevoncowen9198 sure, I'll do my best! I"m not an expert on the subject by any means but over the past few years my interest in African history, especially ancient and medieval, has skyrocketed and I do want to expose others who might not know too much about the continent's rich history to a taste of what they're missing. Hopefully that goal will be achieved. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it... stay safe!
@@trevoncowen9198 they dont want to be from Africa. But people let them know they are African they just tired of being labeled and judged
@@trevoncowen9198Not true at all. We take more pride in the Motherland than native Africans. We are even defending Ancient Kemet as an African country/culture while you guys are allowing Eurocentrism, like this gentleman to keep KMT out of Africa. Did you notice there was not one mention of the word Africa in this video?? A young, impressionable child might think it has absolutely NO connection to the continent. It's heartbreaking because it's so not true. And Indigenous Africans are not even trying to fight for or defend YOUR Continent's history. Shame on you! 😢💯
What are the wooden/Ivory Idols featured at 3:10, they look similar to the Mesolithic period, Shakir Idol found in Russia?
17:48 just going by the hairstyle of the people picture in the stone they look like Khoisan or Bantu.
Khoisan live thousands of kilometers south so it is impossible
Bantu wasn’t widely spread as it is now at those times
And i doubt it moved outside Western Africa
They are also clearly not Cushite
For that they saw their southern neighbors as foreign people for thousands of years
My humble guess is that Ancient Egyptians were closer genetically to Southern Levant people of Copper age and stone age
Than other Africans
And that they moved to Egypt from the levant
Also brought Farming and tools with them from the Levant
Which is a more realistic expectation
Than some other Africans walking thousands of kilometers
Or crossing the Sahara (which became a desert 8000+ years ago)
On foot
Remember
There was no domesticated Horses or Camels back them
You got to walk on foot
Thousands of kilometers in short time because the Sahara began to be Arid desert
Which is in my humble opinion isn’t possible
While mixing and migrating from the Levant is more realistic
@@someone-wi4xl every continent on the planet aside from Antarctica was colonized by humans walking on foot.
@@AGoogleuserfromthefuture yes .. and it took 10's of thousands of years
not couple of centuries AFTER the Sahara became the desert we know today
long distance travel became possible thanks to domestication of
Donkeys
Horses
Camels
and things like ships and whatnot
back then (pre-dynastic egypt) .. these said animals weren't domesticated except in small places
and when they did .. the domistication happened IN the Middle Easta
Not Sub-Sahara Africa
which continued to be in Neolithic age until 2000-2500 years ago when farming and forging started to become a thing in Sub-Sahara Africa
and those who got such advancement (Bantu) spread in Africa SOUTH WARD
not north
@@someone-wi4xl you're absolutely wrong. A mass of people, so long as they have good and water can move great distances on foot in months/a couple of years. Don't know where you got that information. The vandals moved from the eastern steppes into Africa in a few years.
@@brucewaite3733 are you seriously comparing the Vandals (2nd century BC) to Pre-Dynastic Egypt (5000 BCE) ??
you realize at the time of the Vandals Animals were well domesticated and used for long distance travel + trade ?
as well as ships being strong and capable as well thanks to previous Civilizations such as the Phoenicians and others
you realize that the Sahara became the desert we know today way before Animals were domisticated
and that Sub-Sahara were ISOLATED from animal domestication (which occurred in the M.E) and were mostly living as Hunter-Gatherers till 500 BCE
when the Bantu started farming / forging metals and spread SOUTH (not north)
Genetics show that Ancient Egyptians had closer ties to the Levantine peoples than the rest of North Africans (let alone Sub-Sahara Africans)
Thank you so much for showing the great ancestors’s works by your legendary work 🙏🏼
Pre Dynastic Egypt (Kemet) The earliest evidence of human habitation in the region is thought by some to go back as far as 700,000 years. The oldest evidence of structures discovered thus far were found in the region of Wadi Halfa, ancient Nubia, in modern-day Sudan. These communities were built by a hunter-gatherer society who constructed mobile homes of flat sandstone floors most likely covered by animal skins or brush and perhaps held up by wooden stakes. The actual structures vanished centuries ago, of course, but man-made depressions in the earth, with stone floors, remained. These depressions were discovered by the Polish archaeologist Waldemar Chmielewski (1929-2004 CE) in the 1980's CE and were designated 'tent rings' in that they provided an area to set up a shelter which could easily be taken down and moved, similar to what one would find at a modern campsite. These rings are dated to the Late Paleolithic Age of approximately the 40th millennium BCE.
As far as I heard I thought the rings where never dated
Very interesting! Thanks for uploading!
Thank you for stopping by, really appreciate it. Stay safe!
- Can we get a dynasty soon?
- Nah, let's wait a couple of hundred years. I'm quite comfortable with the predynastic lifestyle.
Haha I'll do a few vids about the early dynasties of the Old Kingdom, yes! Thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it... stay safe!
Am finding your channel really interesting. Appreciate the unique content . Look forward to viewing more. Thank you.
I am FAR more interested in Egypt 5000 to 9000 years ago than I am in the river-valley above the Red
Sea. Even at these times,
I can it help but think that
within some of these Egyptian archeological
sites at places, peoples,
and very early cultures -
digs have unearthed not
items created by indigenous people's.
Even earlier than this a very active exchange of art, various implements as well as ideas itself were being 'ferryed' back and forth and up and down between Egypt and the near east via the Levant.
White people had nothing to do with the creation of Ancient Egypt , you guys involved 3000years after the first king of Egypt
Highly informative. Thanks
There was no Pre-Dynastic Egypt, there was Pre-Dynastic Kemet ( 4236 - 3150 B.C.E)
People know what you mean when you say Egypt. Pipe down Tyrone.
@theangryholmesian4556 evidently not, if you have nothing to debate, keep your emotions to yourself.
Very informative video, thank you. I hope your audio has improved in more recent videos. Subbed
If they were so basic, why are the pre-dynastic remains at Egypt’s main museum, of much higher quality than dynastic Egypt? From tombstones to hieroglyphs to mechanical looking devices we still haven’t figured out, they are clearly of much higher quality and really do not fit with the mainstream narrative....
because it doesnt fit neatly into their mad-made timeline
liars... why else
Because the Brits stole all the good artifacts
I don't think hieroglyphs really were fully developed in this period
I'm in freaking love with your work & videos. And I've only watched 2 thus far
Hope you enjoy the rest! Thanks for watching, really appreciate it!
Amazing video! Keep going on videos about this great country's history. I'd like to comment on something important you might not have heard of. The name of Egypt at these times wasn't official. For example, farmer communities called it "Kmt" as you said referring to their black soil, miners who lived in Sinai abd the eastern desert called it "Deshert" referring to the red colored dunes around them, merchants called it "Gbt" which means the "river land" and that's because their merchants travelled through the Nile river roots in the Delta region and then through the outer sea to Phoenicia, Greece and Anatolia, and btw Gbt was translated later to "Aegyptos" in Greek. In Tell Al Amarna tablets of the 14th century BC, Egypt was mentioned by Pharoah Akhenaten as "Masar/Masr" while Kings of the Levant and Mesopatamia referred to it as "Mesru" & "Misir". It was also called "Mitzrayim" by Israelites which means the "Two Egypts" referring to Lower & Upper Egypt. In Quran it was mentioned several times as "Misr", while in modern Egyptian Arabic it's called "Masr".
Basically, Egypt can be used as European version of the name with knowing that Masr/Misr is the original one.
Hi, thanks so much for stopping by and the explanations on etymology, really appreciate them and love learning from comments such as this. Yeah I mentioned Kmt/Kemet because in the past I've gotten a lot of criticism for not mentioning it, but I mostly use the name Egypt not because it is European but due to the fact that most in the audience are familiar with it. But yes, this land has many names, some which I didn't even know of until you mentioned them.
Thanks so much for stopping by, really appreciate it and the info... more on Kmt/Masr/Misir/Egypt to come in the near future, stay tuned!
It's always black soil when it comes to kmt! Not one scribe / meduneter refers to that term! Kmt land of the burnt face!
Egypt is still called Misriyam in Hebrew.
Yes. I appreciate the channel. Like your voice. The yellow letters for titles make it easy to find your videos on my phone. If there is a place you keep your booklist or sources...that would be awesome to see. Thank you.
Hi, thanks so much for stopping by, I really appreciate it and also thanks so much for the feedback. For booklist/sources, you can seen those (for this an other videos) by clicking "Sources and Suggested Reading" in the video description.
Here's the link: bit.ly/3hqT9v5
Thanks again and if you have any other questions, please don't hesitate to ask...stay safe!
Fayum, wasn't an oasis in a "harsh desert environment" 7k years ago. The Sahara Desert was MUCH smaller then...all those cave men burning wood to keep warm and cook on made the climate change for the warmer at the end of the last ice age...The Sahel at that time was an open steppe environment, not semi-desert region. The Nile Valley was far wider and much less harsh than it currently is.
Lol the Cave Men did not cause the end of the last ice age with camp fires, that's the most ridiculous thing I've heard.
@@Muad_Dib420 ever heard of sarcasm? How about humour? Difficult to comprehend I know...
Great video. I'm looking forward to the next one! 💪👍
Thank you, appreciate the kind words. Yes, more are in the works...I just can't get them out to you as fast as I'd like but they're coming!
Will you ever do a video on the pre-columbian peoples of North America? Really enjoyed this one thanks for the great content as always.
Yes, absolutely! I've just been working chronologically for the most part, but soon I'll get to some of the native peoples of the Americas, probably Mesoamerica and South America first and then shortly afterward North America. Look for that early 2021. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it...stay safe!
Appreciate the additional details!
14:27 I made a little bowl like this, I gave it a little bellybutton though. I am just enamored with predynastic Egyptian art.
“A "black body" in physics is a perfect absorber of light. It is an object that absorbs all electromagnet radiation that falls onto it. The object does not reflect radiation, and no radiation passes through it. In practical terms, black is both a color and the shade of objects that do not reflect light in any part of the visible spectrum. In the BCOAG Logo, black also refers to one of the earliest names for the country that the Greeks named Egypt.
Kemet, and Kemet gave the world its first medical literature in the form of medical papyri. The Egyptians have been described as the "light" of the Ancient World.”
I need that ivory spoon...
😐
Haha maybe not. The caption from the British Museum said it is supposed to be a "toliet spoon" so um...yeah...not sure you'd want to use it at a dinner party haha. Thanks again for stopping by, really appreciate it. Stay safe!
@@HistorywithCy
...
A toilet spoon uh?
...
😐
We can never thank the Chinese enough...
this was an excellent documentary. loved the images and the maps.
Thanks, glad you enjoyed it! Lots more on the way, stay tuned and thanks for watching!
I love the bowl with human feet.
Yeah, cool and a bit creepy looking at the same time...thanks for stopping by, really appreciate it! Stay safe!
I think it’d be better to put this video in the dynasty by dynasty playlist also. It is a very nice introduction to Egypt’s history.
The culture and civilization of Africa is so beautiful, we Egyptian often cutted-off from africa as we are no longer look or resembles the Ethnicity of Africa along with other north african countries, but we still are proud Africans and the rest of the continent are our FAMILY. 💚💙🖤
Yup, it's unfotunalty a deliberate move and known trade of the outsiders, to divide people historically, Africa was on a plate and divided like a stake
Have you done a video on any of the pre-Inca people of Peru? The Moche in particular are fascinating