The Lesser-Known Key to Dubai and Singapore’s Wealth - VisualPolitik EN & HIR

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 6 มิ.ย. 2024
  • This is the latest video in the series we are doing in collaboration with Harvard International Review: hir.harvard.edu We hope you like it!
    Whichever way you look at it, the numbers in Dubai and Singapore are incredible. These two cities have experienced some of the greatest economic transformations and successes in history. In fact, despite their relatively small size, the Globalization and World Cities Research Network ranks them as no less than two of the nine most influential and economically significant cities in the world.
    They are only one step behind New York and London, the two great world capitals. Behind all this success story is not only a model of openness to the outside world and competitive regulations and taxes, but also a clear entrepreneurial strategy. Singapore and Dubai are two examples of the entrepreneurial state. The question is, can their results be replicated? In this video we tell you all the details.
    Join the VisualPolitik community and support us on Patreon: / visualpolitik
    Interesting links:
    hir.harvard.edu/singapore-dub...
    www.temasek.com.sg/en/index
    www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/20/...
    press.anu.edu.au/publications...
    www.emirates.com
    www.emaar.com
    icd.gov.ae
    #Singapore #Dubai #Economy

ความคิดเห็น • 279

  • @ownthegame3
    @ownthegame3 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +24

    Singapore is a country and Dubai is a city. Singapore has to take care of its defence and be responsible for everything else to survive and thrive.
    Dubai has Abu Dhabi which is the capital and other emirates to complement. When Dubai runs into trouble, Abu Dhabi can help.
    So, a big difference.

  • @AlfariziZakaria
    @AlfariziZakaria 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +84

    Singapore was built on the basis of the intelligence of people and turned a poor country without natural resources into a financial hub while Dubai was built on the basis of oil and became very rich, I respect the people of Singapore more

    • @ChinYeanOng
      @ChinYeanOng 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +15

      SG was turned from one of the poorest slump, muddy everywhere, no one single river to generate electricity, no drinking water, into today's SG. Impressive isn't enough to describe them. Respect

    • @AnonYmouS00816
      @AnonYmouS00816 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Venezuela has more oil but is poorer and angola has oil but isn't close to being as wealthy. So oil is only half the story

    • @sieteocho
      @sieteocho 3 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Being near to a major waterway is in a way like having natural resources. It's a very big advantage, although it's also an advantage that Dubai also has.
      Dubai barely has any oil. Abu Dhabi is the city which has oil.

    • @endi4654
      @endi4654 2 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      ​@@sieteochoDubai started with oil. When they realize oil runs very low, they were able to build mega projects from oil money. Singapore started with nothing. No resources. Taxes from its own people were it's only resources. Props to Singapore.

    • @sieteocho
      @sieteocho 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@endi4654 I think that we are fudging the difference between having oil and being an economic hub for a region that has oil and resources. Is it really such a big difference? Are you willing to claim that oil and commodities has nothing to do with Singapore's prosperity?
      Would you rather be surrounded by neighbours like North Africa instead of Indonesia and Malaysia? Singapore has good neighbours too. That is also luck.
      London has no resources and NYC has no resources either! They're just surrounded by regions that have resources.

  • @angeluscorpius
    @angeluscorpius 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +160

    An "entrepreneurial govt" can work if the govt is "clean" (i.e. not corrupt, or bribeable), and is subject to the legal framework (so foreign investors trust that laws will apply and the govt will not play fast and loose with the rules), and will stick to what is contracted. Singapore has that reputation. Many poor countries suffer from corruption, and "negotiable" laws.

    • @jt80995
      @jt80995 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +27

      It also depends on your definition of corruption. In the US the most politicians are "bought over" by corporations. This is an open secret. In most poor countries this would be labeled as corruption.

    • @revellen
      @revellen 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +14

      It can also work when you have some soft authoritarianism like UAE and Singapore have. S. Korea is another example of using authoritarianism to advance the business sector. All 3 countries have problems with monopolies/duopolies

    • @ridestolenbmx100
      @ridestolenbmx100 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@jt80995I whole heartedly agree that America has corruption issues, but Dubai is on a whole new level.
      They take and hold passports of foreign workers so they can’t leave, and pay horribly at the same time. It’s the closest thing to modern day slavery.
      And they suppress that news so you don’t hear alot about it.

    • @matthewpeloso2172
      @matthewpeloso2172 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Singapore government is not clean. The media is not allowed to report on it, but there is a lot of side deals - what would be called corruption - which is common place.

    • @recoil53
      @recoil53 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@revellen Taiwan, South Korea, and Singapore all benefited from authoritarian governments that moved the countries in the right direction. Then, against all odds they backed off. That is unheard of in the rest of the world. Most would loot everything.

  • @gloriagloria5377
    @gloriagloria5377 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +13

    The water from Malaysia is not drinkable. We got them from a collection of drains water. Singapore will then clean and treat this water. A portion is also sold back to Malaysia. So, it means that Malaysia needs Singapore's water technology to help them with clean, drinkable water. The water contract will end in 2060.

  • @azumishimizu1880
    @azumishimizu1880 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +28

    I didn't know Singapore and Dubai we're richer than Tokyo! Wow, congrats! Thats quite a achievement.

    • @YeeSoest
      @YeeSoest 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Richer than Gelsenkirchen-Bismarck? No way

    • @mobashshirkareem976
      @mobashshirkareem976 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

      Only in per capita numbers. In aggregate, Tokyo is like 5 times richer

    • @jason4275
      @jason4275 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      yes but who is more reliable in technology inventions.

    • @Dominikmj
      @Dominikmj 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      First of all: why do we congratulate? We haven’t spoken about the people who have been taken advantage of. The small cogs in the machine. Born Emirati today is quite something (are they happier than other people? I doubt it... but are they born with a silver spoon in their mouth? Absolutely!). But do you know, that you don’t only have to be born here - but that also both of your parents have to be Emirati, that you benefit of all of it?
      @jason4275
      It is an odd comparison. Tokyo cannot be really compared in technology inventions etc. because it is not a city state. It works completely different - and Japan has a far longer history than the UAE.

    • @MrJermson
      @MrJermson 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      ​@@mobashshirkareem976that's because Tokyo population is so much bigger than both countries. Dubai and Singapore are definitely richer than Tokyo. IMF is correct. IMF used the word 'Richer' and not ' bigger'. India, Indonesia and Tokyo have bigger economies than Dubai and Singapore, but I wouldn't say they are richer than Dubai and Singapore.

  • @yutakago1736
    @yutakago1736 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +34

    Singapore success is due to good leadership, hard working population, foreign investment and talented hardworking people. After Deng Xiao Peng visit Singapore, he realize China can replicate Singapore success by turning all the cities in China into Singapore. China learnt from Singapore and the first Su Zhou Special Economy Zone are created with the help of Singapore.
    Therefore, countries with more resources can replicate Singapore success if they have good leadership. There are some rules that need to be follow in order for Special Economy Zone to work. Tax incentive to attract foreign investors + High salary to attract talented people + High working population. Dubai Emirates airline copied from Singapore airline.

  • @graceho9824
    @graceho9824 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

    Very good point of views and informative. Just want to add 2 points: (1) Anti-corruption Governance strictly enforced by the Singapore leaders are a key factor for success (2) Inclusive and embracive policy among diversified ethinics and religious groups within such small adminstrative regions of Singapore/Dubai, aligning them to a common goal of 'survival against threats from externalities' reduce internal conflicts and potential military coups, allow continuity of strategy and internal stability.

  • @carlomalabanan
    @carlomalabanan 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +24

    What Dubai and Singapore did is what Joseph Schumpeter, the Austrian economist, coined the term "creative destruction" where institutions, including the government, become innovative and entrepreneurial.

    • @matthewpeloso2172
      @matthewpeloso2172 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Singapore St's government run boards are underhanded. The board are both regulators and for profit businesses. The shareholder for all of these businesses is the state run wealth fund. They have monopolised the whole market for friends and family. You don't have fair competition or innovation. Chrony capitalism.

    • @vladtheimpalerofd1rtypajee316
      @vladtheimpalerofd1rtypajee316 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      How is being creative and innovative destruction?

    • @carlomalabanan
      @carlomalabanan 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@vladtheimpalerofd1rtypajee316 please search it up on Google about the Austrian economist Joseph Schumpeter.

    • @gloriagloria5377
      @gloriagloria5377 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @carlomalabanan, please explain "creative distruction".

  • @bingeltube
    @bingeltube 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    What is strange though, is that this video does not mention Lee Kuan Yew at all. A terrible omission!

  • @breaktide251
    @breaktide251 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I appreciate you guys ❤

  • @hughjass1044
    @hughjass1044 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +16

    Been to Singapore and loved it. Can't wait to visit Dubai.

  • @ktchia4740
    @ktchia4740 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    In the early days of Dubai, it was modelled after the development of Singapore.

  • @sandytatham3592
    @sandytatham3592 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    This video was definitely very interesting, thank you...🙏

  • @mojewjewjew4420
    @mojewjewjew4420 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +10

    Dubai-oil, Singapore-crucial location in a strait.

    • @Motivation-Dose476
      @Motivation-Dose476 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Dubai doesn't have much oil

    • @danghoangluong2942
      @danghoangluong2942 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      If that is the case then Panama or Egypt should be rich af

    • @mojewjewjew4420
      @mojewjewjew4420 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@danghoangluong2942 both are corrupt af and under usa domination, no way they would be allowed to be rich.

    • @mojewjewjew4420
      @mojewjewjew4420 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@Motivation-Dose476 UAE does.

    • @shauncameron8390
      @shauncameron8390 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@mojewjewjew4420
      Panama is one of the better off countries in the Americas.

  • @Infernal_Elf
    @Infernal_Elf 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

    you forgot to mentioned the world leading port Facilities of both Singapore and Dubai. I have been to Dubai twice and have been very intrested in the city since 2007 and its great to finnaly see a video that hits the nail on the head. Dubai goverment quickly went from oil into huge and very well managed Government companies that generates money for the government. and then went on to facilitate the development of a huge property and tourism sector. It wasent all just built with oil money. And Location for both Dubai and Singapore is quite favorable but that is just part of it.

    • @andersgrassman6583
      @andersgrassman6583 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Yeah, neither location or natural asset's actually seem to have much to do with anything. Sweden's location on thenorthern fringe of Europe wasn't exactly ideal, as economic developement started taking off in the 1870's from African style levels of starvation and poverty. Ok, Sweden had iron ore, but on the other hand no coal, and seriously, I don't think it would have necessarily mattered if things had been different. Japan is pretty much devoid of any substantial natural resources, and they make one of my favourite example's of success that people in general imediately understand.
      Politic's is really what matters.

  • @DavidOkikiAmayoJr.
    @DavidOkikiAmayoJr. 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    I fully agree. it’s this entrepreneurial mindset that has made Rwanda turn into a success story and that I still have some faith in Kenya’s current head of state; one has to be good at business to be a good president. Governments are companies.

    • @Dominikmj
      @Dominikmj 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      No - governments are not companies. It is the worst idea, to see it this way.
      First of all the video leaves out, that Dubai (probably Singapore as well) provides a welfare state for its local people. And it is more than ambiguous, if you are exploiting others to further your own goals.
      I think a bit entrepreneurship doesn’t hurt - it is even good. But there are negative points and there are positive points in business (especially todays capitalistic business environment). Dubai is still not doing enough to balance it - but there is definitely the attempt to do so.
      And you totally misinterpret the video: not the government is build like a company - they have created subsidiaries which are investing and building profitable companies. But the government is even more (for their own people) taking care of the people.
      This is a very important distinction!

    • @DavidOkikiAmayoJr.
      @DavidOkikiAmayoJr. 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@Dominikmj Sir, respectfully, by definition and using by using the examples of various tax structures, resource optimization dynamics you mentioned and the fundamental need for profit in order to provide welfare for a select few, a government is, at its operational core, a company. Can’t tell me otherwise ☺️

    • @azureliteyahoo
      @azureliteyahoo 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Rwanda is developing but the citizens; illusions that it is the Singapore of Africa is still a long way off.

  • @mfrainogmail
    @mfrainogmail 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Awesome video... great job, and as a Venezuelan I totally agree with taking that as a clear book-type case of failure. Cheers!

  • @markisaac3550
    @markisaac3550 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    So amazing

  • @theconqueringram5295
    @theconqueringram5295 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Interesting analysis.

  • @hoangbarnett567
    @hoangbarnett567 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +39

    It will be very interesting to see how both singapore and the UAE will develop throughout the years. I worry about birthrates for both places as they are sharply in decline.

    • @azumishimizu1880
      @azumishimizu1880 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      There also ????

    • @Unazaki
      @Unazaki 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I don't think its so much a case of it being in sharp decline as it being so low for several years already and staying low despite attempts to try and increase it.

    • @matthewpeloso2172
      @matthewpeloso2172 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      It's a bank, not much more. If everyone wants to work in finance you don't have an economy.

    • @tranium67
      @tranium67 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

      UAE citizens are having babies like there’s no tomorrow

    • @jessefisher1809
      @jessefisher1809 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@tranium67 They are? Where did you find that information? I just googled their fertility rate and it looks to be under 1.5. When 2.1 is needed just to maintain the population.

  • @RayMak
    @RayMak 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Very smart gov

  • @eternng5706
    @eternng5706 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +17

    Proud 👏 to be a Singaporean!!!! Thank you for talking about my country!!!!

  • @abbasaliasgarrampurwala6758
    @abbasaliasgarrampurwala6758 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +30

    Being someone from Dubai, I could not agree more.
    UAE wants Iranian sanctions lifted just because of the fact that it can make UAE the Switzerland of The Gulf.
    Banking and finance will certainly make any countries successful

    • @FlamingBasketballClub
      @FlamingBasketballClub 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Honestly the American government should have been cancelled long time ago dawg.
      💀💀💀

    • @FlamingBasketballClub
      @FlamingBasketballClub 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      @@Lrx111 Even though Israel is a apartheid regime?
      🤡🤡🤡

    • @FlamingBasketballClub
      @FlamingBasketballClub 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

      @@Lrx111 Israel ain't any better with their human rights violations dawg.

    • @ShubhamMishrabro
      @ShubhamMishrabro 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

      ​@@FlamingBasketballClubbetter than iran in many ways

    • @FlamingBasketballClub
      @FlamingBasketballClub 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      @@ShubhamMishrabro Not really. Both are the same from a geopolitical standpoint.

  • @leewn2319
    @leewn2319 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    At 15:37 u were talking about Dubai’s ICB but your video images were Singapore waterfront Fullerton Hotel / Clifford Pier

  • @magnvss
    @magnvss 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    For what I can see, both countries had many conditions that, set on the wrong hands or mismanaged, would've granted economic and social defeat:
    1) Both have a history of limited or no democracy under the hands of people who could make strong economic decision without fearing the political repercussions that would've made such measures impractical on other countries (but that DOES NOT grant that other authoritarian systems would succeed).
    2) Both countries put their own national population first, attending certain basic needs without falling for wasteful populism. The resulting wealth is what quenches dissent and not political maneuvering, what happens when small parties can rise making big promises that aren't exactly based on practical terms.
    3) Foreigners are whether de facto "eternal guests" (than can be easily expelled if certain conditions are no longer met or act in disruptive ways) or find it quite hard to establish as locals if their pre-conditions aren't met, what gives the advantage of having a working mass of people whose circumstances don't destabilize the country when their economies can't sustain them any longer(that is: if the economy contracts or the goals change, someone has to go and other new type of skilled workers are demanded). This would not be practical on countries where foreigners are basically indistinguishable from nationals and can't be expelled when they no longer can participate on the local needs.
    4) Both take advantage of local circumstances hard to replicate on other nations, whether by location, connectivity, size, resources or control of their frontiers.
    5) Both are small countries that make them easier to manage, in the political escenario, in the population, in their territories, etc.
    7) Their national interests and wealth also shields them against easy foreign interference. On many small or weaker countries you see that suddenly you have certain groups financed by foreign interest under the well intended guise of local people's rights or that of the environment or whatever (WHETHER true or not) but that whose real intention is to put pressure on local leaders to bend to certain international interests (if the country is too sensible to such campaigns).
    8) Both countries are quite draconian regarding crime (but that are based on some different Judicial System rather than the mimicry of the Western ones): the Broken Window Theory is therefore defected. Also for their described not so democratic systems (compared to Western models) they can no allow the perception of lawlessness and crime to rise.
    9) Both countries are very conscious of their vulnerabilities regarding their neighbors or the international setting. They also pay due attention to their militaries, so they are just rich but armed to the teeth.

    • @azureliteyahoo
      @azureliteyahoo 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      7. That is not true. If Singapore remains in Malaysia and is rising to the success of what Japan accomplished in the 90s, I bet US will have squash it (Trade Wars,, national security, currency manipulator. you know the usual US playbook now active with China) . it's small size and it's never being large enough to matter to the US is what kept it alive. I don't believe it is their wealth that shields them.
      8. As a former British colony, the legal system in Singapore is based on the English common law.
      Do Western lateral democracy embrace criminals? LA Prop47 and the proposed "staff do not stop thieves" law is perplexing to rational people
      How is western model desirable?
      9. Both countries are in unstable region. So military prowess is key to deter vs Canada or the other countries mentioned in the video.

    • @prometheus7387
      @prometheus7387 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      What's 6 😂

    • @andreys7729
      @andreys7729 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Foreign interference is one of the most important factors. It helps tremendously if you are small enough to not be noticed and to be far away enough from the areas of attention of states-predators.

  • @jamesbonander
    @jamesbonander 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +13

    controlling corruption is key, The second issue is embracing creative destruction so that old industries are not protected and workers can move to new industries freely. free movement of labor is key.

    • @faustosar6151
      @faustosar6151 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Low taxation and free markets.
      The end.

  • @katm9877
    @katm9877 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Are there other countries (apart from Norway) that have something like TEMASEK, i.e. an investment fund?

  • @Hortifox_the_gardener
    @Hortifox_the_gardener 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +25

    Difference between Singapore and Dubai will most likely be Singapore still being vital, healthy and brimming with economic activity when Dubai is a clamour torn forgotten fallen glory desert city with all capital and every wealthy person having fled.

    • @AlfariziZakaria
      @AlfariziZakaria 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      As far as I know, the UAE is rich because of oil, while Singapore is rich because of the intelligence of people, Singapore does not have natural resources, btw rank financial hub in the world Singapore no 3 but dubai It needs a lot of policy improvements to come out on top.

    • @endi4654
      @endi4654 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      ​@@wahhwahhbunchababiesDubai does not have similar human capital and fundamentals that Singapore has. And Singapore economy is far more diverse. Singapore's growth is on the backbone of both locals and foreign talents where the latter makes up a fraction of the population. Some of them turned to become Singapore citizens. Dubai on the other hand have more than 80% of it's workforce as foreigners. When crisis like COVID happens, everyone is just going to leave,making Dubai barren and obsolete. Singapore on the other hand became more attractive to foreigners as the country has sound fundamentals to execute damage control when COVID hits. Not surprising why more high net worth individuals are migrating to Singapore. You don't hear Singaporeans actively promoting real estate to foreign buyers. Despite Government imposing additional 60% stamp duties on foreign buyers, they're still being snapped up. This despite the fact that Singapore already has the most expensive property prices. Dubai on the other hand are actively promoting real estate because it is the only way to maintain high GDP.

    • @Hortifox_the_gardener
      @Hortifox_the_gardener 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@wahhwahhbunchababies - haha yeah sure. In your fantasy this surely is the reason (nobody gives a shit btw). In reality there are dozens of actual reasons for my statement.

  • @ginger55555
    @ginger55555 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Prefer Singapore than hongkong…

  • @alphansoworth9775
    @alphansoworth9775 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    You should really take a strong look at what jamaica is doing the country is developing into a major global logistic hub due to its geographic location in the middle of the Americas and at the mouth of the Panama canal just this week the frist of 3 drydock arrives in the Kingston harbor and developments is happening all across the country I really think jamaica is next in line to be an economic powerhouse

    • @DK-ev9dg
      @DK-ev9dg 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      He is western mouthpiece against China mainly. Shanghai and other 3 cities in China are richest and have soul. Dubai is soulless so as Singapore up to some extent. His hidden agenda is to mitigate power and richness of Shanghai and China. He is cunning and over clever.

    • @vladtheimpalerofd1rtypajee316
      @vladtheimpalerofd1rtypajee316 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      May Jamaica become an advanced economy, so that desperate pa jeets will come there to beg for jobs and residency.

  • @egg174
    @egg174 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    This is what wealth smells like

  • @klauszinser
    @klauszinser 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Singapore was in a very similar situation. than Malta. (where I dont understand why Maltas Population is growing that much).
    A big amount of Indias investment comes from an Island West of India (don't remember the name).
    Such a tiger could become Ruanda.

  • @gabrielgoh375
    @gabrielgoh375 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    I have no expertise or experience in Latin America or Africa, so I can only speak of Singapore's neighbour to the north. Malaysia has been somewhat successful in trying to be "entrepreneurial", and trying to build up a "piggy bank", but the 1MDB funds were corruptly siphoned off. And therein lies the fundamental issue: basic honesty and integrity. Singapore got the basics right - integrity, incorruptibility of govt and public servants, and working honestly for the good of the country. If a country is led by corrupt men trying to enrich themselves, all the entrepreneurial spirit will be for nought.

  • @andersgrassman6583
    @andersgrassman6583 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Rapid economic developement within the lifespan of a person, is very much doable, and has repeatedly been done the past 150 years in various places. In the 1860-70's Sweden was a horribly poor country, where people actually starved to death. And a quarter of the population migrated to the USA, Brazil and elsewhere. I'd say the situation then, was pretty much comparable to some nations in Africa or latin America today. However, government straightened it's act up, and decided to make Sweden a prosperous place where people wanted to stay and live.
    Sadly, it is also possible to run down a country very quickly. I believe Argentina is an example of that.
    Excellent video!😃

  • @avrinrose5457
    @avrinrose5457 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    In my fictional world, it's not impossible for other countries to do like these two cities

  • @gopium1976
    @gopium1976 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    I wish the Caribbean would follow these models. It would never happen but I can wish

    • @jason4275
      @jason4275 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      they don't have billions in oil.

    • @gopium1976
      @gopium1976 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +8

      @@jason4275 I’m not sure Singapore did either

  • @aliukehinde3906
    @aliukehinde3906 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +13

    Doing business in Singapore is just open and easy💯

    • @iliriacum666
      @iliriacum666 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      What business if you don't mind asking

    • @aliukehinde3906
      @aliukehinde3906 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@iliriacum666 well, earlier this year, I opened a brokerage account with a broker there that allows me to trade from my country-Nigeria. I have tried several countries across europe, americas,asia but was told Nigeria is out of their jurisdiction except singapore 💯

    • @CrossbredmiMiyang
      @CrossbredmiMiyang 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@iliriacum666what he meant was setting up businesses in Singapore is easy and quick without little fuss but if the business is going to glow or fail it’s another story.

  • @Black_Sun_Dark_Star
    @Black_Sun_Dark_Star 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +13

    Hmm...People often overlook the fact that Dubai actually copied Singapore's business model. They did not developed independently

    • @AlfariziZakaria
      @AlfariziZakaria 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      Agree and They are also rich because of oil, Singapore its no natural resources

    • @endi4654
      @endi4654 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      Agree. This video put it across like Dubai grow on it's own credit when it's pretty obvious that they copied everything from Singapore. Singapore Airlines was developed first and attained as a global feat in 70s! Emirates only started in the 80's learning from SG.hmph.

    • @wengsoonyuen2086
      @wengsoonyuen2086 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

      Yes indeed. Eg aviation and financial hubs.

    • @bell-xk5dd
      @bell-xk5dd 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

      With all its free oil money, Dubai still couldn’t compete with Singapore in many ways, esp in education....

    • @Motivation-Dose476
      @Motivation-Dose476 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      ​​@@AlfariziZakariaDubai doesn't has oil much

  • @Dominikmj
    @Dominikmj 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    I have lived at this point almost 20 years in Dubai.
    You could misinterpret the video - that Dubai is extremely capitalistic. It is - and it is not.
    Here is the thing: if you are an expat, there is probably few cities (or countries if you look at the UAE) which are more capitalist. However if you are an Emirati (local) - basically the opposite is the case. They get free land when they marry, they get interest-free loans (or loans which have extremely low interest), there is an Emiratisation going on - where companies are pushed to employ more locals. Healthcare for Emiratis (even including medical travel to specialist clinics) is free. Education for Emiratis is subsidized.
    So - it is a strange “extreme social” but also capitalist mixture - where solely expats are (to a certain degree) exploited.
    And there is another problem: the very entrepreneurial society (and government) prevents culture. Dubai Opera features mostly musicals and pop-stars, because they think, that the ROI is safer. The Dubai Jazz Festival has basically only pop acts, rock acts (...) - not one jazz group - because the ROI is safer. Art itself is only established - there is not a thriving art scene - because unknown artists seem to be not a good “business model”. Also other things, which would need government funding (...) - however doesn’t bring profits, are neglected.
    I am not complaining or criticizing (a lot). Dubai (or Singapore) are cities. Where the complexity at times leads to mismanagements - but overall it is manageable. However this is not transferrable to countries. And: Abu Dhabi (which is since few years trying the same as Dubai - much less successfully) is a good example, that there is little opportunity when there is direct competition.

    • @TheJayJayYoung
      @TheJayJayYoung 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      I’m a Singaporean and it’s a fact that culture like arts, music, plays, movies, sports most often than not are being placed on the very very bottom. We are told that we have to acquire skills set that are deemed important for economic development, every few years the government will present to us the visionaries of Singapore 10 years later, and they are pooling resources to invest on education to provide us with the skills in order to achieve the nation goals. It’s very common for parents to say, arts, music, sports won’t earn you money, slowly younger parents allowed their children to learn arts, music, dance and sports as a hobby and character development. There are slight changes now, hope Singapore will be able to have our very own culture.

  • @freetolook3727
    @freetolook3727 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    If you look down the main thoroughfare, you'll see GM's 1964 Worlds Fair City of Tomorrow!

  • @eternng5706
    @eternng5706 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +18

    Not forgetting that Singapore do not even have any natural resources. We depend on human resources. Unlike other cities like dubai

  • @borisdodgingbullets
    @borisdodgingbullets 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Which measures are used to make these determinations? With all due respect, I live in Dubai and have lived in the U.A.E. For 13 years. It is not one of the two richest cities in the world. And it competes with Abu Dhabi for the title in the country. Doha and Riyadh are also very competitive in the region as is Tel Aviv. According to a report produced by Henley and Partners in April 2023, it ranks 20th in terms of the number of high net-worth individuals.

  • @vader1a
    @vader1a 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Odd this video comes out on the the Birmingham announces it's bankrupt lol

  • @helipilotEGLW
    @helipilotEGLW 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Build it and they will come......he was not wrong!

  • @andreasliassides
    @andreasliassides 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    the source of funds of Dubai made me chuckle, its like they didnt want to say its from oil

  • @Ynhockey
    @Ynhockey 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    01:23 300 meters is almost 1000 feet, not 900.

  • @sng1867
    @sng1867 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Singapore got where they are today through hard work, good governance, and great political foresights. Dubai got where they are today by winning the oil lottery. They are not the same.

  • @user-xs9gd1lm2x
    @user-xs9gd1lm2x 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Indeed, China had tried to apply SG example but its had overdid it, held too much control over state owned enterprises and over subsidized its operation.

  • @notorioustori
    @notorioustori 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    I feel that the thing about Latin American countries is that they rest in the shadows of the US and quite a few have had the misfortune of "externally mechanized" coups whereupon US friendly leaders gained considerable power. Every time a South/Central/Latin American country starts leaning left, something tragic happens, even moreso when they become less authoritarian. Not to say tragedy doesn't befall these country's citizens under these authoritarian regimes. It's almost as if a country cannot thrive free of corruption and independent of its great Northern neighbor. The US will not allow another country so close to outshine her.
    One thing Singapore and Dubai have is distance from the US and the US (and other western countries) doesn't have a great military track record in SE Asia nor the Arabian peninsula.
    That's just my sordid take, though. There's definitely more nuance, but it always helps to look at the common denominators.

    • @wengsoonyuen2086
      @wengsoonyuen2086 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Singapore strived as a friend and ally of Uncle Sam right from the beginning. To date the US is still the largest foreign investor in the country. Almost all of our armaments are from the US and we have very close military ties with America too.
      Singapore benefited much for an export orientation development strategy at the right time under a US led globalisation.

    • @ThevralLee
      @ThevralLee 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@wengsoonyuen2086that’s not the kind of influence OP is talking about. Singapore indeed has a track record of rejecting specifically political influence from the US, check out the Singapore Charge of 1960 by the CIA where LKY and the US both confirmed a unsuccessful bribe for a coverup of a CIA operation.

    • @wengsoonyuen2086
      @wengsoonyuen2086 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@ThevralLee One swallow does not make a summer as the saying goes. To be close ally does not mean one has to agree on every matter and issue. LKY was highly critical of the US charge of lack of political freedom, religious freedom like not allowing extreme US Christian evangelists to preach here, public canings, death penalty for drug offences etc.
      LKY had always said that the greatest long term threat to Singapore was Communist China.

  • @ryanrodrigues1166
    @ryanrodrigues1166 7 หลายเดือนก่อน

    🇸🇬🦁

  • @NewmaticKe
    @NewmaticKe 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    All things considered, Dubai is not comparable to Singapore imo

  • @avrinrose5457
    @avrinrose5457 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    In my fictional world, Malaysia surpasses Dubai in every area because they have Boboiboy and Ejen Ali

  • @Armin.2627
    @Armin.2627 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    First❤🎉

  • @dogaredeemer2711
    @dogaredeemer2711 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Narrator definition of development- Skycrapers and largest shopping centres. haha

  • @ranger2000188
    @ranger2000188 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    First!

  • @dawoodwaris
    @dawoodwaris 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +7

    Forget to mention, Abubdhabi is the life blood of Dubai through their massive bond buying program.

  • @lateknight4754
    @lateknight4754 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +9

    building skyscrappers in dubai is so stupid, floor space is not something they lack.

    • @YeeSoest
      @YeeSoest 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      But they're SHINYYYYY😅

    • @cheensenm
      @cheensenm 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

      They don't build that because of land, but for statement (mostly breaking world record), to stand up and seen by international world

    • @Infernal_Elf
      @Infernal_Elf 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      The Emirate of Dubai is Quite small actually.

  • @avrinrose5457
    @avrinrose5457 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    In my fictional world, other countries is do like these cities

  • @jackwood8307
    @jackwood8307 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

  • @rshah1831
    @rshah1831 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Views from 10.14 - 10.30 is actually the great modern & historic city of Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA, not spore

  • @RandallSlick
    @RandallSlick 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    And much like private companies, both Dubai and Singapore have made bugger all contingency plans for the inevitable flooding and land loss that are fast heading their way. Top bants other than that.

    • @RandallSlick
      @RandallSlick 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Not to mention the fact that Dubai has relied on indentured foreign labour, as has been well-documented, and Singapore's manufacturing magnificence magically seems to take place over the border in Malaysia. You're not selling it I'm afraid. Temporarily wealthy places for the spiv class to gamble perhaps. Dubai's screwed by climate. Singapore's screwed by China's foreign policy and climate and US foreign policy and size and water supply and nothing but trade to back up the glitz. My money's on Nuuk.

  • @odifacts
    @odifacts 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    The world biggest mall is Iran mall

  • @bobtshimanga1848
    @bobtshimanga1848 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    In Africa like DRCongo, Morocco 🇲🇦 South Africa, Botswana 🇧🇼, Kenya 🇰🇪 and Maurice 🇲🇺

  • @christopherwillson
    @christopherwillson 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    At 5:27 the video is showing Singapore even though it's talking about Dubai.

  • @syedmansoorqasimali473
    @syedmansoorqasimali473 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Dubai has zero tolerance on crime

  • @avrinrose5457
    @avrinrose5457 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    In my fictional world, Malaysia Surpasses Singapore in every area because they have Boboiboy and Ejen Ali

  • @rajfc
    @rajfc 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    One is purely oil and the other it’s people. There is no comparing these 2

  • @toysandmore1368
    @toysandmore1368 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    Just a note, Singapore is a country and Dubai is a town

    • @breadbreaker500
      @breadbreaker500 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Dubai is actually an Emirate that’s far bigger than Dubai the city, with its own ruler, investment fund, airline, laws etc - because of how autonomous each Emirate is, I think it’s a fair comparison.

  • @avrinrose5457
    @avrinrose5457 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    In my fictional world, Malaysia is the first world country

  • @michaelrowe9359
    @michaelrowe9359 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Did you know every major war machines sold by the USA comes with a remote cut-off switch?

    • @azureliteyahoo
      @azureliteyahoo 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      which is why countries like Singapore modified them working together with Israel.

  • @jason4275
    @jason4275 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Wealth yes but innovations in pharmaceuticals science technology no.

    • @pirateking8620
      @pirateking8620 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      You're clearly a frog inside a box 😂

  • @angelevstatiev8522
    @angelevstatiev8522 3 วันที่ผ่านมา

    Брикс 2024😊

  • @greencresset6056
    @greencresset6056 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Because instead of spending their tax payer money on useless wars that don't belong to them, or fueling genocide with their resources, both these nations spend their dough on themselves and their people. That is why they are rich. You'd find healthcare, jobs, education, inexpensive food, good life quality, no homeless people, good sanitation, and inexpensive living in both these nations and many others like them.

  • @avrinrose5457
    @avrinrose5457 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    In my fictional world, Malaysia is richer than Singapore and Dubai because they have Boboiboy and Ejen Ali

  • @bazz6490
    @bazz6490 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Arab money

  • @FlamingBasketballClub
    @FlamingBasketballClub 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Please do a video on Uruguay cuh.
    🇺🇾🇺🇾🇺🇾

    • @YeeSoest
      @YeeSoest 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      😅cuh?! Paul? Mr Walker? Is that you?

  • @nimuil
    @nimuil 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Dubai is the laziness that won the lottery. Singapore is hard-working people who get rich.

  • @avrinrose5457
    @avrinrose5457 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    In my fictional world, fictional and made-up city is the richest city in the world

  • @albertmisic3876
    @albertmisic3876 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +6

    Dubai is doing a good job in current world situation. The world has actually been multipolar in world politics for more than ten years. America is no longer the only power, but China, which has become a superpower, and also Russia to a lesser extent have intervened in that story. What is really in force in the world is actually the rule of multinational companies, globalism and neoliberalism. There is a worldwide consensus in the vast majority of countries. Only a small number of countries are against it, such as Cuba, Venezuela, North Korea or Iran.

    • @YeeSoest
      @YeeSoest 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Which is why BRICS is nothing but a big PR gig to wave a finger at America. See, we can also find allies and cooperate, haha.
      Yes but what do you have in common other than hating America, Minorities, Gays and being second tier? Nothing? Oh brain drain to the West? Ok. Great.

  • @phyarth8082
    @phyarth8082 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Singapore is known as a tax haven for expats from China, Pakistan, Bangladesh etc. Same for Dubai oligarch real estate country. I personally don't car but Swiss bans tries to wash away "gangster's paradise" label or where "Nazi gold" ended thousands tons of gold. Swiss not only banks and ski resorts they are quite diverse economy still slip from past is hoovering as ghost from past. Swiss airlines and golden bullion chocolate for first class is past of 90s. Rich people afford to subsidized Swiss air lines.

    • @phyarth8082
      @phyarth8082 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @wahhwahhbunchababies First time I heard about Singapore is known as a tax haven is after Bangladesh sweatshop factory collapse where technically his passport was Bangladeshi and factory everything else (money) is Singapore.

  • @coryotamendi9163
    @coryotamendi9163 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    The USA could invest more in its citizens

  • @healthytruth1363
    @healthytruth1363 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    IT WILL BE MUCH CLEARER....IF THIS HOST TALK SLOWER AND NOT CATCHING A TRAIN.....SO BREATHLESS AND TIRED HEARING HIM TALK ❗️❗️❗️❗️

  • @williamjackson8394
    @williamjackson8394 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Oil oil oil oil is the base

    • @Zaabi
      @Zaabi 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Only 1960-1990

    • @williamjackson8394
      @williamjackson8394 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      You can borrow a lot of money against 100 billion in oil reserves

    • @AlfariziZakaria
      @AlfariziZakaria 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

      Oil in UAE but Singapore its not, Singapore Depends on human resources

    • @williamjackson8394
      @williamjackson8394 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@AlfariziZakaria unfettered trade and small government no corruption were key for Singapore. Remember governments are parasites

  • @johnnycomelately6341
    @johnnycomelately6341 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Great expose, three things:
    1. Could you do a similar and comparative of Australia considering its resource wealth usage.
    2. The shame with these two examples which have been brilliant economic success stories is the human rights aspect of their society.
    3. The Gini coefficient of these two examples.

    • @azureliteyahoo
      @azureliteyahoo 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      totally agree with Gini coefficient.
      but if by human rights, Singapore is doing fine. We don't need to measure by decaying western standards.
      In LA, Prop47 means criminal can steal $950 and get away with it and the proposed "staff cannot stop criminal" law is what we do NOT aspire too.
      if Human rights are measured by Maslow hierarchy of needs, Singapore gets the basic 3 tiers right. better than say tent cities USA. Attenzione pickpocket Europe. Keep your criminals. We don't want them here.

    • @prometheus7387
      @prometheus7387 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Singapore has a strict and fair legal system and, apart from their policy on drug traffickers and LGBTQ people, is seen as a great role model.
      On the LGBTQ front, Singapore might see slow progress as its population liberalizes more, as seen with the recent repeal of section 370A. Also Singapore has decent human rights, what it does lack in is press freedom

    • @jeems2066
      @jeems2066 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@prometheus7387 Press Freedom like the US? Where opposing media outlets can make up stories without getting fact checked etc and misleading people?

  • @neutraluser4019
    @neutraluser4019 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +5

    Understand Singapore has no natural resources to start with but still able to get so rich. Dubai is in same situation, no natural resources too ? Black gold ?😅

    • @AlfariziZakaria
      @AlfariziZakaria 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Hahah exactly what i thought, I'm not sure Dubai could develop like it is now if there was no oil

    • @neutraluser4019
      @neutraluser4019 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      ​@AlfariziZakaria The builders of the country are foreigners, more than 80% of the population?, the country will come to a halt without them. 😢

  • @user-ho1ln5ny1r
    @user-ho1ln5ny1r 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Unnecessary richest

  • @munthirkhan1217
    @munthirkhan1217 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    how much are they paying you for these videos?

    • @revellen
      @revellen 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      propaganda pays well

    • @DK-ev9dg
      @DK-ev9dg 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Millions of rials and dinars plus belly dancers.

  • @avrinrose5457
    @avrinrose5457 5 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    In my fictional world, Malaysia are more successful than Singapore and Dubai because they have Boboiboy and Ejen Ali

  • @akmalhafiz8763
    @akmalhafiz8763 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +4

    The downside of this is that everything is expensive and common people are having hard times living.

    • @Infernal_Elf
      @Infernal_Elf 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Compared to Norway Grocerices and stuff is actually silly cheap in Dubai so are cars and ofc Gasoline believe it or not Norway is also an oilstate.

    • @azureliteyahoo
      @azureliteyahoo 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@wahhwahhbunchababies So try getting a meal in a first world country/cities under $7.

    • @prometheus7387
      @prometheus7387 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      In all fairness that's not exactly tied with this status. Angola, for instance, also has a very difficult-to-live-in capital

    • @BoOmMaGuOpEeP
      @BoOmMaGuOpEeP 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      Are you talking about your country malaysia !😂

  • @kim2hawaii1
    @kim2hawaii1 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Dubai is a mirage. Go closer and look inside the high rise building. Mostly the apartments are for show. The Burj don’t even have a sewer, every morning a line of poop trucks pump the goo away!

  • @looseycanon
    @looseycanon 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    This is not replicable. At least not indefinitely. Problem here is, as more and more places like this pop up, the competition between them becomes so intense, they will become unsustainable, between tax breaks, investment incentives and golden visas, much revenue will fall between the cracks and cause deterioration of public utilities, that keep these hubs running. Imagine Dubai go the way of Detroit, because it didn't have for one reason or another the money to inport or desalenate and treat water for it's inhabitants to drink. It is a kin to Dutch desease, only for Dubai the commodity that is overrelied on here is trade itself, while for Detroit it was automotive.

  • @erictayverystrongimaginati1662
    @erictayverystrongimaginati1662 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Dubai is Arab
    Sg is Singaporean lah

  • @chicagolongboarder
    @chicagolongboarder 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    State capitalism in a nutshell.

  • @dolevbenichai3564
    @dolevbenichai3564 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Both are not democratic😮

  • @Dinoknows007
    @Dinoknows007 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

    Benign authoritarian governments and state-managed capitalism is exemplified by these two states.

  • @iliriacum666
    @iliriacum666 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +3

    This never can happen in Latin America and many parts of Africa because crimes on thise regions are through the roof, also I am doubtful about the US because of very low security too and high crime; isn't by any chance that Singapore and Dubai are the best cities today because culturally both population aren't that criminalised, Latin America is. Lost case....

    • @stevenlim9640
      @stevenlim9640 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

      sg oso alot serious crimes, drugs, mental illness, murders, robberies, scams, everyday lah, you no read news niah

    • @BoOmMaGuOpEeP
      @BoOmMaGuOpEeP 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +1

      @@stevenlim9640Your malaysia problems even worse lah!!

  • @Blizdegs
    @Blizdegs 9 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

    Of course Singapore is one of the richest countries in the world, but also one of the most unequal from a wealth perspective. Additionally this video fails to mention the influx of billions of dollars of Russian money into Dubai, since The Ukraine invasion. I know you will never achieve a Utopian society, but some perspective would have been nice.

  • @Zaabi
    @Zaabi 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    The nascent hate Dubai gets is really unnatural, is it racism? Is it bigotry? Or is it orientalism?

    • @endi4654
      @endi4654 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @Zaabi Dubai is built on ostentatiousness. Wasteful on Earth's resources and superficial. Even as a Muslim, I detest the city. I admire Doha far more.

    • @Zaabi
      @Zaabi 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@endi4654 why?

    • @endi4654
      @endi4654 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      ​@@ZaabiThey overbuild. Many of the world islands are not bought. Many skyscrapers lay empty. Those wasted resources should have been channeled to help other Muslims through scholarships, instead built useless skyscrapers until their developer required bailouts from Abu Dhabi.

  • @stevenlim9640
    @stevenlim9640 8 หลายเดือนก่อน

    sg success own hard work, foreign mnc investments, and its regional muslim malays countries which are resourcesful, including provide water, food cheaply to sg AND talents professionals and wealthy rich enrepreneurs into sg... (sg itself has no rich wealthy people, no entrepreneurs, no technologies, just contended salaried people work for big foreign mnc)

    • @BoOmMaGuOpEeP
      @BoOmMaGuOpEeP 8 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      Salty malusian!!

  • @kinokunia
    @kinokunia 9 หลายเดือนก่อน

    Tehmesek 🤣, come on man the pronunciation is not that hard, presenter need to show a little interest on their subject.