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Hearing the word "superacid" may evoke memories of that scene from Breaking Bad, but perhaps counterintuitively, the strongest acid on Earth wouldn't be able to destroy your bathroom.
Our previous video about the strongest acids in the world: • The Strongest Acids in...
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Measuring how acidic something is by how basic it isn't sounds like some serious Discworld science 😂
Not how basic the acid isn't, rather how crap of a base the conjugate base is - i.e. for HF how basic is the fluoride ion? - by comparison it is quite basic and therefore HF is not a super acid. It actually isn't even a strong acid.
conjugate acid with pH 7 when
@@user-pr6ed3ri2k ??? pH measures the hydrogen ion concentration in a particular solution
GNU
OMG! Thank you for that reference! I haven't heard anybody reference Terry Pratchet for a while...
I must be the strongest acid then because I disassociate all the dang time
Anxiety is secretly an acid 😅😅😅 stronger anxiety? More disassociation
User name checks out hahaha
@@Waltitude welllll wouldn't their username imply the exact _opposite_ of acid?
Dang, you managed to say it before I did. 😂
Nah, you’re just not basic.
"...the helium hydride ion."
Oh no. That is cursed. That's some CH5 -tier cursed.
Where is Dr That Chemist when you need him?
@@Thesnakerox i will admit, he is the one who made me aware of acids that can protonate methane.
That’s extremely cursed. CH5, I can someone understand. A noble gas other than xenon forming a molecule? That’s illegal.
Helium hydride (usually deuteride) ion is what drives the methyliodide dissociation in chemical lasers
@@ferretyluv I remember I used the fact it's borderline batshit insanity for something like that to happen as the basis for one of the wacko races in a sci-fi I wrote a while back... lol
The first thing that comes to my mind when thinking of super acids is Hank Green getting really excited about the concept of a super acid.
After that, Xenomorph blood.
The dangerous chemicals video is my all-time favorite
I had a moment of "okay but when do the potatoes come into the testing?". Might need to rewatch this when I'm more sober...
Irish much? 😂
hol up let him cook
Our pH meters at my workplace can measure negative pH values, but more often than not it's a sign that there's something wrong with the probe rather the acidicity is lower than zero.
Measuring negative values is not impossible, it just doesn't correlate to the hydronium concentration anymore. When the pH falls bellow zero, multi shelled ion clusters start forming in solution which drastically affect hydrogen ion activity, throwing the measurement way off
That's why we should probably be asking what is the most corrosive acid. Which is presumably fluoroantimonic acid?
Is there a scale for corrosivity?
Cause I think there should be, BC even non-acidic solutions have some scary corrosive properties. People act way more relaxed around alkaline/basic chemicals than they do acidic (likely due to entertainment portraying acid this way). I think a scale on the bottle (obviously there is a corrosive warning label anyways) would be a bit less vague than "corrosive, wash if skin contact"
I mean fluoroantimonic acid is very corrosive and it’s more corrosive than magic acid which there is a myth that it can dissolve candles but that’s not true I recommend to watch the videos from the TH-camr Chemical Force on fluoroantimonic acid and the video on magic acid from him also
@@williambradley611
You have to store it in polytetrafluoroethylene bottles because it's so corrosive that it corrodes glass. It reacts with alkanes.
There definitely is at least one corrosion scale, which is the one shown in the diamond shaped labels on the back of chemical-carrying trucks
@@caracatoacacepe on the NFPA Fire Diamond, blue represents health hazard, red represents flammability and yellow represents how prone to explosive decomposition it is
6:06 "Scary looking equation" ... Bruh. I would love to work with equations that straightforward. *cries in radiative transfer*
Tbf, the moment you bring up logarithms and their facsimiles is when you start entering into genuinely scary math territory.
@@Brown95P fornme it is when there are nabla operators, tensors and closed loop tripple integrals involved :)
Nerds!
@@dinkleburg9429 i wish! i am just a guy doing engineering while trying to avoid doing maths :) most of the time i make MathCAD do it for me :)
@@sanches2 nah, gotta go all the way with 15+ lemmas, 300+ pages, and a lot of abstract algebra
It makes me wonder, could carborane acids be the basis for the biology of a fictional alien species with highly acidic blood, similar to the Xenomorphs? Given their selectivity and catalytic potential, carborane acids could be a more realistic explanation. Granted, it removes the horror movie spectacle of seeing a drop of alien blood eating through several layers of spaceship floor.
i understod about 25% of that but you sound smart, thumbs up
Boron isn’t a super common element as it’s not a product of regular nuclear fusion (stellar nucleosynthesis if you want to use the fancy term), while I couldn’t tell you about how easy it would be for an organism to synthesise, it’s not common enough for a complex species to make use of
Are you asking if it will function as an oxygen carrying motif? I don't see any reason why it would, nor any means for boron centers in the cage to display cooperativity. Generally, for aqueous biology as we know it, if your goal is to buffer the blood pH to within a certain range, you would want to use a weak acid-base system, one which can accept protons if there are too many and donate protons if there are too few. This is a pretty hard question to definitively answer because you're asking about alien life that might have non-carbon or aqueous physiology, in which case a boron-based super acid might have a function that we have no analog to. But there is no physiological function appearing in earth-based life that could be handled with super acid chemistry. As the person above mentioned, boron is cosmologically rare because it tends to get burned in early stellar fusion; but, like uranium, it's much more crustally abundant than expected because geological processes tend to concentrate it into dense pockets in the upper crust, which is why borax mining can give us cheap boron-based laundry detergent. Perhaps on other planets there are similar processes that concentrate boron into nutrient accessible pockets
Nah, the conjugate base it forms is stable. For instance, sulphuric acid corrodes metal because, in contact with metal, it releases hydrogen, and then the sulphate ion reacts with the metal that was deprived of its electrons. So, the destructive action is done by the ion left behind, which is the conjugate base. The same happens if you drop an iron piece onto copper sulphate. The iron piece gets corroded, because the sulphate ions floating around have more affinity for iron than for copper. That also explains why certain metals resist certain acids.
nope
While the ad read got my interest, 7$ per pack of instant Ramen can F right off with Poki's 7$ cookies that are basically trying to compete with Oreos but with 1/3 the contents.
I'll definitely be sticking to 60c per package instant ramen that I spruce up with vegetables and veggie bouillon on my own, thank you.
Was definitely the “steal your face” tabs from ‘82 Dead tour
Hahaha
The only acid strength measurement I accept is the number of Nostromo decks one drop will go through.
I almost think we want to separate terms, because colloquially, 'strong' means 'don't touch', which is a useful function to flag. Perhaps 'reactive'?
But wow this was a fantastic tour of the science of acids!
it feels like scientists always end up doing this
@@tatianatub I suspect they start out with the colloquial terms in mind, then when they try to define them in the mechanics of their discipline, things get... complicated.
'corrosive'
Wait, the corrosive dissolving of nearby material we associate superacids with is actually due to their free bases?!
Man, no wonder most pH levels below 7 are still eatable while anything past 7 is questionable for consumption; bases are the real culprits! 😨
As a chemist I would use the standard definition of acid strength which is essentially the concentration of the H+ ion in solution. HF is generally a week acid at normal solution levels as it does not dissociate as much as say HCl or H2SO4. Of course the corrosiveness is not dependent on strength - sulphuric acid essentially removes water directly so that sugars, for instance, become pure carbon. Nitric acid react badly with the skin. Hydrochloric exists in the stomach.
Ah, the Acid Dissociation Constant, also known as my sophomore year of college
actually hydrofluoric acid isn't only not the strongest its actually a weak acid acid≠corrosive hydrofluoric acid is corrosive (and poisonous) because of its reactivity and something can be reactive without being an acid
most acids also are not as corrosive as people imagine
I tell my students this all the time. HF is weak, but it will dissolve your arm quite effectively, so long sleeves please.
I had to acid wash an obscene number of sample cups a few months ago. I had to use 10%HCl. I spilled a bit on my arm and the pain was intense. A few days later, I spilled about 2L on my pants and lab floor. My pants survived, the wax did not. Within minutes the wax was gone and I had a bright red burn on my leg.
@@cggc9510 i mean hcl is dangerous but it takes a bit of time before it starts burning and it wont dissolve you, hf is a weak acid and it can kill you if you are not careful. people heave a wierd cartoonish view of acids and just chemicals in general
@@cggc9510 damn that sounds terrifying
For those struggling with the concept in 4:30, pH is calculated as a figure of the concentration; at the concentrations we're talking about, the figure has to be negative to match reality.
"Be a real hero. Be strong enough to be gentle." Captain Larry Cullen, Jr, USMC.
12:12 we have got it, but we will give it to you only if you prove or disprove the collatz conjecture.
plant based ramen? is wheat not a plant anymore?
Unfortunately some idiot thought adding eggs to the noodles was a good idea, and its not just ramen, many spagettis have eggs
That person was no idiot. Eggs are delicious and egg noodles amazing
@@pootis1699 ALL dried pasta is water and wheat. Google it.
@@danielhaigler556 egg noods are delicious. but standard dried pasta has no eggs.
The product being sold comes with seasonings, so it isn't just talking about the noodles
You explain this better than my 3 different uni (1sh year chemistry) professors
Hoffman 60th anniversary tabs were pretty good. But Felix tabs hands down were the strongest we had.
Water dissolves pretty much everything, given time.
I actually like the multichoice pop quizzes you do.
A wonderful example on how to transform hard academic science into a real moment of discovery and pleasure !
At about $7 per package, IMMI Ramen is pretty darned expensive. You're paying quite the premium for "healthy" ramen noodles.
Which is also pretty funny because almost all noodles are "plant based" to begin with.
It has fairly high protein, but it's just because it uses pumpkin seed protein powder instead of wheat flour.
And tbh if you want that protein content you can just eat peanuts, which are way cheaper.
Pumpkin seed powder is 25 bucks per kg, so it's fairly affordable if you want to make your own noodles. It'll cost like 30 bucks and take around 2 hours for the equivalent of 15 packs.
Also the 50g of carbs in a packet of regular ramen is nothing.
You're better off eating beans and chickpeas.
If you want quick food, take canned couscous vegetables, measure the juice, boil it, and add 1:1 couscous semolina.
If you want to cut the carbs you could use high protein semolina.
@@tree_eats the seasoning of an instant ramen isn't necessarily plant based
Buckminsterfullerine is an interesting form of carbon.
the balls carbon
$6.50 for a SINGLE packet of ramen? W'what?
Hi Nice video and synthesis.
So the H-C(BCl)11 is the strongest acid by now.
The Cl atoms pull onto the electrons of B atoms and the eleven BCl team pull onto the electrons of the the C atom that is more than happy to form C(BCl)11(-) and give his H atom away as a H(+).
Let us compare acidity of some chosen stuffs methane, chlorofom, nitroform, phenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol.
The introduction of Cl atoms into the molecule increases the acidity of the molecule, but this effect is negligeable vs the introduction of NO2 groups.
Acidity of CH4
Plant based ramen? Isn't that just regular ramen? Aren't the noodles wheat? Isn't wheat a plant?
I know That some Noodles have Eggs included, so Maybe they Are using An egg Replacement?
Or maybe Their flavour Packets are Completely vegan As well
A potassium-nickel or rhodium battery would likely be very effective.
A potassium-gold or lead battery would likely be super effective.
This just shows why I ran from the high school chemistry class in horor into the physics lab, locked the door and refused to come out.
this title is me at every festival
To boink an atom with a lazer to measure the vibes of the atom should be scientific terminology.
What do you mean "BOING" isn't a scientific term???!!!???
My favorite acid is the one you use to make Aqua Regia, because gold water is cool imo
helium hydride is so cured that I've never even heard of it, bravo
4:47 HUH? Acids with negative ph definitely exist. It's a logarhythm.. any amount above 0 will be x elevated to something, and even x elevated to a negative number is still above zero.
I think they should have picked a better title for this loooool
Loved chemistry ⚗️ in school. That and Geography and history. Great channel. Educational and informative 👌
Looks like a Finnish M61 gas mask in the thumbnail. Definitely surplus at this point
"let´s figure out the strongest acid in the world!"
"Cool, how?"
"let´s redefine what "strongest" means in regards to acid!"
"Brilliant!"
I call shenanigans.
I ate some serious acid one time. Bounced on my boys d for the hours. Then we put on our glasses and lab coats and made some chemistry of our own all over each other. Stem really is important.
im confused... you took lsd and then had sex with... your boy?
Yeah the bathtub scene from BRBA wasn't what came to mind. Fear and loathing did
Nope, the scene that comes to mind is the scene from alien
The introduction topic is very ionic equilibrium in General/Analytical Chemistry then H-knot changed everything. Nice topic, dude! :)
Look bossman when I think of powerful acids I think of Aliens.
Acid (or Lysergic acid diethylamide), despite the name is actually slightly basic. If you accidently ingest acid, taking an antacid will not prevent the effects.
While everyone is having insightful discussion about strong acids I suddenly feel like making some Carbonara for dinner. 👀
my favorite acid is auric acid
Strong bases can dissolve flesh too not just strong acids and some of those bases are more effective than Hydrochloric acid.
Fun fact: All ant stings contain formic acid. This makes it the most popular ant-acid in the world.
"strong enough to be gentle" comes to mind.
Ok then which is the most universally corrosive chemical? Like in the movie ‘Alien’.
So, the corrosive strength of an acid has to do with the reactivity of the conjugate base it leaves behind. Makes sense.
Pretty much, yes. Acid is acid, it donates protons. Everything else happens after it donated the protons, that's where the real fun begins.
I think of the sulfuric acid lake from that one disaster movie. Eats through an entire motorboat in seconds.
Very interesting, at least the 20% of it I understood. This goes in the "come back later" list.
The strongest acid I ever took melted on my tongue!
drugs are bad, hmmkaaaay
you need more Tegridy!
:P
@mho... Not all drugs are bad. Acid is fun. It's not for everybody though. It's not really habit forming. You can't do it every day. Potency decreases the shorter the time span between use. I give it 3 weeks before doing it again, minimum. Also, weed and acid compliment each other. It's therapeutic af.
Hydrofluoric acid despite being highly corrosive and extremely toxic is considered to be a weak acid since the bond between H and F in Hydrofluoric acid is strong it doesn't dissociate much in water and since dissociating completely in water is what defines a strong acid Hydrofluoric acid is therefore a weak acid. But don't underestimate Hydrofluoric acid it's extremely dangerous to work with, my point is an acid doesn't necessarily need to be a strong acid to be dangerous to work with.
This is the first time I’ve been thankful to have tried in ap chem
Aliens' blood is the strongest acid. They can burn through the ship hull.
How does heavy hydrogen affect acids?
(Any/all)
10:15 U w0t m8.
Did you say.. Helium. *HYDRIDE????*
I saw Kermit the frog as the thumbnail
Thnx Pal
The true most powerful acid would be "positronic acid", with positronium "atoms", as it would just *unexist* electrons.
And also its surroundings.
The most acidic as a solid, liquid, and gas, huh...
Now try it as a plasma.
0:56 lol you know what we were thinking 😂
Strongest acid? One time i tried some strong acid and forgot that i lived on earth for a couple hours.
Good times
What about Peroxymonosulfuric acid and Perchloric acid?
Ok, I just wanted to watch a cool video about acids. Was not expecting flashbacks to the final chem exam ( I didn't study for it, and it came back to bite me). Should have been expected given how informative Sci show is.
Acid flashbacks 😂
Be careful with the glassware, we don't want anyone to...
*puts on safety glasses*
...drop acid.
😁
I would tell my science teacher to “shut up I’m a real scientist now “
"the world's strongest acid"
the scene from that Mandy movie with Nicolas Cage comes to mind
If y'all really cared about truthful science, you'd share that plant-based protein isn't nearly as bioavailable as animal-based.
This video will be keeping my teeth awake at night.
What did the helium hydride molecule say to the chlorinated carborane acid when it gets crowned the super of the super acids?
"HeH"
Hot potato hydrogens! And sproinged springs! (Slinkys) Everything I needed to know I learned in Kindergarten!
Good heavens, solving Ka was so annoying. Making a buffer solution was worse
watching this video high is so confusing and trippy
try it
Wait “plant based” instant ramen? What he hell are the noodles made of it not plants?!
Ramen is a dish, not the noodles.
Ramen is usually in a broth, so meat based...
Please do a video on helium hydride
Will you please do an episode about the most corrosive substance whether it's acid or base or whatever.
*Whoa that's so much to unpack no wonder i failed back in the day in my educational days* 🐴
“Boing” is not a scientific term, but “Bucky balls” are.
Someone discover a resonating helix or spring structure in chemistry so we can name the movement boinging officially please 😂
Hi Stefan!
I thought the strongest acid was no-doubt-about-it helium hydride, but I guess that's only known for sure in the gas phase.
Have you ever heard of piranha solution
Two words: Alien Blood.
How is Helium Hydride ions formed with helium being a noble gas and with how stable helium typically is?
Presumably it's the hydrogen that's doing the giving of ions or whatever... he said at the start it was hydrogen donating a proton or something...so I'd guess helium whatever you said also has a hydrogen..just a total guess I haven't a clue what I'm talking about.
With great difficulty. It's quite rare and it reacts with just about anything to get rid of that extra hydrogen. Essentially if you've got a lot of spare protons (hydrogen ions) hanging around with a lot of helium, sometimes the protons will take a liking to the helium's sweet, sweet electrons and get (very very slightly) attached. It's not a stable arrangement at all, but there were quite a lot of hydrogen ions and helium atoms floating around in the early universe, so it happened sometimes.
I think my inability to get my head around acids and bases was one of the reasons I failed organic chem (after blitzing inorganic chem) at uni. I've watched this, I still don't get it. But heck, I eventually got my head around radiation watching youtube videos, so maybe if I watch enough organic chem stuff I'll finally understand that.
My highschool chemistry teacher had a son who started a band named Coldplay
Hold on, how can the boron atom in carborane acid form 6 bonds?!
Those aren't "normal" containing 2 electrons between 2 atoms. All of the bonds in boranes are delocalised over the structure, so each of the lines you see drawn there represent less than 2 electrons. Remember, the little pictures with lines between atoms are massive simplifications, in reality chemistry stems from quantum mechanics.
Look up 3c-2e bonds
Is that what they used in Breaking Bad when the bathtub fell through the floor at Jessie's?
The juxtaposition of superacids and ramen 😂
Something is not quite right here.
Negative pH values are perfectly valid. Sure, most pH meters won't measure below 0, but that's an engineering problem, not some fundamental limit. For example, a 10 Molar aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid has a pH of -1. It would be child's play* to use this to calibrate a pH meter that has been designed to go below 0.
There *is* a fundamental limit to pH, because there's a limit to how many molecules there can be in a litre of water. The concentration of purified water is approximately 55.5 M at STP. Thus, one cannot form a concentration of hydronium ions greater than 55.5 M, which would equate to a pH of -1.74.
But, the donation of protons to water is but one definition of an acid (Bronsted-Lowry, IIRC). The Lewis definition of an acid is an electron acceptor, which continues to work as a definition even when there is no water present. However, the concept of pH becomes meaningless under such circumstances.
* Never allow actual children to play with 10 M HCl. It was a figure of speech.
1:18 Thanks but I'm still in High school.
Here I was hoping this was about LSD.
Real OGs immediately thought of Richie Rich
I've had Immi ramen, it's not very good and wouldn't recommend. And if you look at reviews for it, it's not great. BUT if you are looking for something different with ramen, I recommend momofuku. Okay, cheers.