CloverHAL i agree but as always with new regultions im sure it will make its own challenges, it is always hard to predict (even for engeneers) how it is going to perform in races. I almost can’t wait to see it in action 🏁
@@Moonlakes The hard part is making it work in real world conditions (with corners, gusts, turbulent air) rather than just in laminar flow in a wind tunnel.
Sadly, with F1 being so complicated, that probably just means we didn't actually understand anything they were saying. I think the only thing more complex than F1 at this point is quantum mechanics. That is actually the field that made famous the expression 'If you think you finally understand it, you haven't understood anything.'
@@jamielonsdale3018 Well as an airline pilot I find these concepts very basic, mostly because we had to study them in performance and principles of flight back in the day. But you have a point, most people dont have the chance to learn about it. Stay strong 💪
@@ivanrodriguez956 Chainbear usually links his Autosport contributed videos in his videos talking on similar subject, just gotta keep watching to the end-cards :)
Your diagrams, images and animations are very explanatory. By using gifs, your commentary is made more effective, so a novice viewer can easily understand physics that, for a non-driver, may be hard to understand. This has greatly increased my understanding of F1, and the changes in 2022 that I did not 100% understand, but now have a better grasp. Thank you very much for making this video. I look forward to watching more of your content.
That's why they are proposals, the FIA have gathered a team of rule busters specifically employed to find loopholes, in order to eliminate those loopholes. Though I do hope F1 will retain some engeneering freedom and will not slowly turn into a stock series.
@@mrid5850 Agreed. I like the idea of close racing but not at the expense of spec. Why they don't just free it up but add suspension and aero body contingencies, it's beyond me. Good luck to the teams looking for a work around here.
In addition, I'd bring back the late 1970's / early 1980's side pod shapes for added safety and better aesthetics / more bilboard space for sponsors, and go back to low noses.
@@YASEEN_ZA That is just flat out wrong. RB have by far the better chassis. Mercedes just did a good job with the aero. Bad Chassis + Good Aero = Horrific Tire Wear (chassis ain't up to scratch so aero picks up slack, putting more stress on the tires). And that, my friend, is why Ferrari and Red Bull aren't dealing with the same tire issues Merc is.
@@YASEEN_ZA Mercedes never has the best chassis. They have the best and most reliable power unit in the hybrid era. RBR probably always has the best chassis. They make every power unit look competitive. But if I were Max, I would stay put at RBR
Agreed, Indycar have had a form of this aero for years and it does mean overtaking on even the most tricky of circuits is possible. Ok, yes they are more of a spec formula but the cars can follow closer together and that's the end goal of these new rules :)
2:47 I think you need to explain why speeding up the airflow leads to a drop in pressure. Non-technical people may feel it is not quite so intuitive to conclude this, I think. Simplistically people might think the "squeezing together" of the airflow would densify the air and make its pressure rise according to the p = rgh formula, where p is static pressure, r is the fluid density, g is the gravitational constant and h is the height of fluid above the pressure probe. (Weather presenters often quote this formula so it is known to many) Of course in fact air is not very compressible so the density won't change that much at the throat. The real reason for the pressure drop at the throat is the interplay between fluid pressure, speed and vertical level along a streamline. Bernoulli derived an equation for this: p/rg + sqr(v)/2g + z = constant. This implies that as the velocity of air increases along the same horizontal streamline, its (static) pressure decreases.
As a graduating ME student, I really appreciate the perfect balance in your explanations between technical info and simplicity. Gorgeous graphics and great pacing in all of your videos. Really enjoying all of your content. Thank you!
They use this principle now. Between the flat floor and the seat, there are hidden tunnels that channel's the air flow to create a Real Venturi tunnel effect. And tho, Fans are not allowed, they use the excess air pressure of the turbo to force more air through the tunnels. When entering a corner, you slow down and lose some of the high speed air going IN the venturi tunnel, and lose downforce.. but the engine also stops needing the highly compressed air of the turbo.. So where do you channel this excess pressure..?! At the entrance of the venturi tunnel !!. And when you exit the corner, you qwickly need air going IN the turbo, to boost the engine. That air comes from the output of the venturi tunnel.
i dont think mercedes will win the 2021 championship the real challengers can be 1. Ferrari (of course they have been in f1 the longest so they have some experience on ground effect.) 2. RedBull (they have the best aerodynamicist and thats adrian newway) 3. mclaren maybe can bounce back who knows (they too are like ferrari a long standing team that has some experience) 5. williams why not (like ferrari and mclaren they have experience in this department being a long experienced team with these things). Mercedes will struggle but they can catch up because those mfers will always cheat
Engineer here, taking away the end plates on the rear wing actually increase the amount of vortices induced as the high and low pressure areas will have less of a barrier between. It is the removal of slot gaps in the end plates that will reduce vortex generation.
Also engineer here, but electrical engineering so I only know so much about aerodynamcs. :D Maybe I'm a bit dull but can you please explain why exactly the Venturi effect is working here? I mean sure the low pressure area sucks the car to the ground, but respectively the high pressure areas push the car up, or don't they? To me it seems that if the suction force is bigger than the pushing force, it violates the energy conservation law. Assuming the volumetric and mass flow rate in front and at the end of the car is the same, then suction force and pushing force should cancel each other out. What am I missing?
@@Meltorizor That is actually a very good question. The notion that pressure and suction cancel out is very logical, and it is actually true in inviscid flows. There is no drag or lift in (theoretical) inviscid flows. In real flows however, lift is a product of the bound circulation of flow inside a wing. the circulation comes from integrating the friction components of air passing with different speeds on both sides of the object (wing, diffusor+body,..). So by having a speed difference we always induce a circulation over the body and a counterrotating one aft of the lifting surface (sometimes visible as a shedded vortex or von Karman straight). Where the edges of the lifting surface are we get tip vortices and tip vortex sheets, connecting the bound and the shedded circulation, according to Helmholtz' second theorem. The details of the flow are complicated, but in a venturi diffusor system, the are of cross section contraction is connected to the freestream through a large cross section, which means that ambient pressure dominates the pressure field before the flow is accelerated enough to be of reduced pressure. The better optimised the flow constraint and expansion, the closer the ends of the tunnel will be to pure ambient pressure, with less influence of the stagnation component of the pressure, and the lower your suction pressures will go. Also, looking at CFD results of venturi underfloors, there is a distinct suction peak just aft of where maxmium restriction occurs and parasitic drag reduces the energy of the flow and its relative speed to the object its passing. so an underfloor has its centre of pressure a bit forward of its centroid. It is a complicated topic and not so easy to explain with diagrams, but I hope you can use your engineering curiosity and my initial answer to find the right explanation for you :)
@@virtual_GaRy Thanks for your answer. As it's working for real I already imagined that it must have to do with atmospheric pressure and that air is compressable. It's not a a closed system so to say. Saying "high pressure" in this video is kinda misleading. Gotta look at the Bernoulli equations again. Best regards
Diffuser skirts attached to the suspension arm / brake duct structures is the kind of exotic yet philosophically simple(?) space magic F1 needs. Watching the slow motion shots of of these things plowing through kerbs is the kind of thing that would make us racing fans moist.
FANS: Also yes. The sooner you're gone and replaced with a real solution, the sooner we can get back to more dramatic close racing and exciting overtaking at tracks that are currently processional ... Don't let the wheel gun hit you on the way out.
@Star Saber that's a completely meaningless response you have there... DRS is objectively bad for the sport. It was always a stop gap measure which was only ever going to be around until the aero issue was resolved. It goes against a long tradition of the FIA's policy against active aero, and never really achieved what it set out to do anyway. Passing under DRS is rarely exciting. You can suggest I am being salty, you can suggest some "fanboi" take on the situation. Meanwhile, I will suggest if that really is the best comeback you could think of, perhaps you should sit down before you exert yourself ;)
the FIA: here is literally a track corner designed for passing in which we hold your hand throught the process, also heres flappyboi we previously banned but now have total control of. fans and drivers: but we didnt ask for that specific banned thing to come back. that was more Can-Ams thing anyway. FIA 10 years later: hey we um finally got around to reading your suggestions. sorry bout that, here's the real banned item coming back
Henry Callahan As far as I can recall, ground effect in Can Am never got beyond having two snowmobile motors on the back of the car. It was never a Venturi effect.
Those are completely different things my friend... - GE makes use of the vacuum generated by the difference of pressure to "stick" the car to the floor. - DRS prevents the air flow to "hit" the tail and stop the car. Both can coexist without affecting each other.
Good explanation of the new design rules. I look forward to seeing this implemented. Hopefully, it will work as expected and make passing less artificial and more the result of grip, power and driver skill in making the best of it and another driver’s errors. DRS tends to make passing another car more of forgone conclusion. While I understand why DRS was necessitated due to the over reliance of wings to create downforce, it always seem to be a very flawed bandaid solution to the problem.
Great video. I wish that you had acknowledged the fans that may teams were using to create suction under the body of the car. You even had an image of a red car with the fan on the back. That is a big part of the downforce ideas from back in the day. also part of why they had the big block off plates on the sides of the car. It wasn't just the venturi effect but an actual vacuum created by the fans. The image of the car with the vacuum fan is at 3:55 for those who want to see it and understand what they were doing back then.
Another problem with the oldschool ground effect cars was the suspension. That was made rock hard to keep the car level and maintain the area of low pressure. As a result the cars were extremely uncomfortable to drive. Colin Chapman tried to solve this with the dual chassis Lotus 88, but the FIA was having none of it. Nice to see the lessons learned from that car are being implemented now though.
its better to be over ambitious and fall short than go for an easy goal. Why the hell would you complain about Ross Brawn trying to make the regulations be as good as they can possibly be for racing.
@@xander1052 This. Even if he fails miserably and they lose like 200% more downforce than is targeted.. so roughly 15% loss opposed to targeted 5% it is still a massive improvement on the current 45%, I just hope sufficient testing is done before they remove DRS (which I actually don't like btw as it's artificial but until this is proven to work I would be careful to just dump it in case it negates the improvements)
I hate how the ground effect term is thrown around with ignorance in forums and on csome yt channels Ground effect is not banned...because diffusers are still legal and the floor still produces over 50% of the cars downforce. What IS banned are sealing devices such as sliding skirts which would drastically increase the amount of downforce from the diffuser
To combat the 'instability' through the corners, maybe bring back active suspension too.. That way it might also negate the lack of sidewall on the tyres (suspension) also... For those that don't understand.... Around 40% of an F1 cars suspension is made up from the tyre sidewall, 13" (330mm) rims and a tyre diameter of 670mm... Meaning there's 340mm (divided by 2) of tyre between the road and and the rim.... 2021, the rims go to 18" (457mm) with the tyres growing to 720mm. Meaning there's 263mm (divided by 2) of tyre between the road and tyre... In F1 terms, that's a huge change.
Been looking at the current cars' floor and it really seems the step floor actually makes some ground effect possible. The flat floors from the previous regulations look like they were too low to scoop any significant air underneath, even with the a raised nose (like on the FW14), and that air is likely to have gone under the sidepods but above the floor. With the step floor, the step plane to each side is higher, so some of the air scooped by the splitter under the cockpit goes right under it, to each side of the reference plane. Seal it with some vortices and you have a more significant ground effect. The classic ground effect cars in essence also had a step floor, except the step planes under the sidepods were not planes, but curved like an airfoil.
Early 2010's was the closest we got to actual close racing, but Red Bull got away. F1 will always have 2 or 3 teams at the top, it always had and always will.
@@Starfire_Storm As long as it isn't just ONE team running away with things, I'll keep watching. The sport needs a competitive top tier of 3 or 4 teams, otherwise it's just a 200mph procession...
Great video. As a long time but casual fan (I don't take notice of tiny aero package upgrades and the like) this explained it really well. F1 has some amazing talent right now and of course there has been some fantastic racing lately, but 2021 regs seems like it will unlock "real racing" again. Rather than DRS passes we should have much closer wheel to wheel racing even through corners leading to passes in new places we might have seen far less of currently. Now we can watch drivers competing even more fiercely, and one mistake will compromise you more now than perhaps in the past because your competitor will be right on your tail at all times and not hanging back to keep the superior airflow, and then relying on DRS to close the gap.
Chain bear just hinted that DRS could be eliminated! That will be awesome and history will remember current F1 as the dark days of artificially enhancing overtaking rules.
I think people are starting to underestimate how good those merc cars are on a good day. They have only had two bad races this year and DOMINATED everything else. Red Bull and Ferrari aren’t as close as it seems.
if they can keep newey and honda going like theyre now 2021 will be a great season hopefully 2020 will still be fun with most teams looking further ahead.
Sure. Driver controlled active aero, forcing the drivers to outbrake each other at the corners. If you go off into the gravel or the tire barrier, well, that's just your rotten luck. The cars, with their crash cells and cockpit placement, are much safer than they were 25 years ago, so why not?
I watched like a half dozen videos on this and this video was by far the clearest and most detailed. Most other videos didn't even explain why the new ground effect was safer. Thanks for this!
Not really. The reason why modern f1 cars are so big is because they have to accommodate a longer wheel base (which allows greater stability at higher speed). Refueling will make little to no differences to the cars' size
@@riccardozanetti2893 it does effect the car size, even it doesn't do much. They have to increase the back part of the car to compensate a larger fuel tank. But I agree with the longer wheelbase thing, the front part of the car is way too long, especially the front wing. They also should decrease the size of the tires to make the car narrower.
DRS is planned as a possible workaround; it has been incorporated in the design but not "activated". The place where to put the mechanism is thought of and the overall "default" wing design is easy to change to have a DRS. So it might make a sudden return between seasons. Pretty much everything i've seen from the new rules has been great.
@@arbazannbecause they thought it would be possible to have a venturi tunnel effect, but without a tunnel..🤣🤣 At high speed, the air escaped from the sides and made the car bounce .
I remember the downforce days, don't remember seeing it at the time, but when they first introduced it had mechanics covering wings on cars to distract from real reason for corner speeds. Later there was the huge fan fitted to another car, to increase pressure differential under the car, which was like following turbo charged road gritter. But as you alluded to, safety wasn't as great a concern in those days, crashes could quickly turn fatal. But the new rules hopefully will reinvigorate the sport, while being safer for the drivers.
Anyone missing grid girls is either a 13 year old hormone buzzing prepubescent child, or a virgin 30 yo manchild. They brought literally nothing to the sport, other than being a sign of the "good-ol' 70's" where slapping a girl in her butt was considered a gentle, flirty move
Thanks for this😁 I just hope the proposed changes actually work the way they're expected. Close racing is what we want😁. Also, is there any news on the engine regulations to be used for 2021?
They will remove some of the electronic parts of the engine and open the turbo wastegates so you can hear the turbo + bumping the max rpm up by 3000 rpm which will make it sound better
Why are they getting rid of DRS? With the use of Venturi effect aero, won't DRS be even more important on the straights because the car ahead won't be punching a hole?
This is all in theory. F1 has a great reputation of hyping us up and then the teams find loopholes and someone will dominate and we are left with the midfield fighting close while one or two teams are winning. We’ll have to wait and see. Seems interesting though. I do look forward to seeing the teams interpretations of these new regulations.
It all makes pretty good sense except how is it possible for air pressure to be lower at the point of restriction in a venturi? In the "choked pipe" example, surely the pressure increases up to the point of restriction and doesn't actually drop until after the point where the airflow stops being squeezed, no?
Why can't they just make a rule stating that a trailing car of predetermined design must be able to generate a set amount of downforce? That way it's up to the car manufacturers to fix the dirty air problem.
Yep. Active aerodynamics in simple ways should be allowed in my opinion. Maybe restricted to Front and rear wing. Seeing the car 'transform' from corners to straights would be really cool to be honest 😅
@socketus popetus Yeah the new aero kit since 2018 moved most of the downforce away from the wings and into the floor work. I guess F1 wanted to try ground effect again for a long time but wasnt sure if it was safe and now theyve seen Indycars get it to work again?
Indycar / CART from about 1990 to 1995 is a great example of a formula racing series with ground effects, multiple chassis / engine / tyre manufacturers, top driver talent, big budgets, and close racing.
Yes, it was great. I miss that iteration of CART. IRL/Indycar may be more financially viable but it's just a glorified spec series...I try to watch it, but can't. Give me early 90s F1 and CART any day over that BS.
I think you have the equation perfectly backward. It's up to team engineering to exploit the given tire. If the tire manufacturer is tasked with matching the tire to the car, the tire will only match ONE design and that's not a good situation
I shall attempt to contain my excitement with cynical sarcasm: I for one welcome our new fully-unsprung "really freaking stressed out member" monocoques.
You clearly don't understand aerodynamics then. The front wing, underfloor and diffuser All operate in ground effect and motorsport diffusers don't work without ground effect. You should do your research
The only problem I have is that the low pressure doesn't suck the car to the ground. The high pressure from above is trying to balance pressure and move towards the area of low pressure and in turn pushing the car down.
I don’t want the wheel covers back. They looks so stupid, I know it’s for the aero and so on but still make it look great all around and not put some Prius wheelcovers
Ryan Miller well I can clearly see I’m not the only one hating them, one of if the worst ideas is those wheel covers. And one of the things if you didn’t notice was to make the cars look more appealing and the wheel covers doesn’t do that. So call it what you what sunshine people CARE about the looks not only the performance
Long before Lotus, the true pioneer of ground effects in race cars was Jim Hall of Midland TX. Check out the (banned) Chaparral 2J active GE car. He was also the first to put an elevated wing on CanAm racers. His private track (the so-called "Rattlesnake Raceway") is still south of Midland.
If it was a case of designing a spec chassis that everyone had to adhere to, that would have been done a long time ago. The problem in F1 is anticipating where the development gets out of hand and creates turbulence. You don't worry about that in Indycar or SuperFormula.
This has to be the most excited I’ve been for future regulations
CloverHAL i agree but as always with new regultions im sure it will make its own challenges, it is always hard to predict (even for engeneers) how it is going to perform in races. I almost can’t wait to see it in action 🏁
Same. Just hope teams don’t interfere too much and the regs get too watered down. Does anyone know what’s happening with the engine regs aswell?
As I am but I'm scared the FIA will find a way to ruin it
@@Parkie355 & @Starscream_xxx Also, they should be able to rev engines higher by 3-4k
Same! : )
i'm no aerodynamicist but this video was so well explained i kept thinking "oh okay that makes sense"
lol thats actually pretty basic stuff, the hard part was getting the idea
@@Moonlakes The hard part is making it work in real world conditions (with corners, gusts, turbulent air) rather than just in laminar flow in a wind tunnel.
@@alasdairduncan3 no we were just talking about the theoretical part, not the practical, but besides of that you are right.
Sadly, with F1 being so complicated, that probably just means we didn't actually understand anything they were saying. I think the only thing more complex than F1 at this point is quantum mechanics. That is actually the field that made famous the expression 'If you think you finally understand it, you haven't understood anything.'
@@jamielonsdale3018 Well as an airline pilot I find these concepts very basic, mostly because we had to study them in performance and principles of flight back in the day. But you have a point, most people dont have the chance to learn about it. Stay strong 💪
Things to do before dying:
- travel the world
- play bannerlord
- watch 2021 cars running
Hadn't heard about Bannerlord, until I read your comment. Guess I'm adding Bannerlord to my Bucket List Too!
Hope you keep healthy until 2021 and beyond, my friend..
One of those has gotten ticked off
You'll have to wait till 2022, sorry bud
How can you sad react a YT commentw? We´re gonna have to wait another year
Hail to the mighty Chain Bear!
He's a legend
I heard a lot about the 2021 rule changes, but till know I didn't know, that unsprung aero will become partially allowed o0
who called it ground effect and not "downfloorce"?
No shitty puns, get out
Galis why so mad?
Josh Philpott I rate this 👍🏻
I approve of what you have done here 👏👏😂
You heard chainbear mispronounce it in the video, we get it.
i know its old news but just how cool is it, that we have an independent youtuber working with a massive outlet like Autosport?
@@ivanrodriguez956 Chainbear usually links his Autosport contributed videos in his videos talking on similar subject, just gotta keep watching to the end-cards :)
Your diagrams, images and animations are very explanatory. By using gifs, your commentary is made more effective, so a novice viewer can easily understand physics that, for a non-driver, may be hard to understand.
This has greatly increased my understanding of F1, and the changes in 2022 that I did not 100% understand, but now have a better grasp.
Thank you very much for making this video. I look forward to watching more of your content.
I'm pretty sure the somes teams with find a way to by-pass these proposals and come up with something totally different.
And boy can't I wait for that
That's why they are proposals, the FIA have gathered a team of rule busters specifically employed to find loopholes, in order to eliminate those loopholes. Though I do hope F1 will retain some engeneering freedom and will not slowly turn into a stock series.
@@mrid5850 Agreed. I like the idea of close racing but not at the expense of spec. Why they don't just free it up but add suspension and aero body contingencies, it's beyond me.
Good luck to the teams looking for a work around here.
@@mrid5850 They are trying to plughole the loophole
That's kind of the point of F1 man
Getting rid of DRS and the ridicilous wing structures? Sounds plenty good.
Ridiculous? Complicated wings looked better imo.
and also those hideous nose cones
In addition, I'd bring back the late 1970's / early 1980's side pod shapes for added safety and better aesthetics / more bilboard space for sponsors, and go back to low noses.
Is that gonna improve anything?
@@alohatigers1199 Did you watch the video?
Everything will be improved
Adrian Newey must be getting excited about F1 again. Max would be smart to stay at Red Bull
Well the Mercs chassis is better than the Redbulls atm
@@YASEEN_ZA is it? Has Honda already surpassed Ferrari and matched Merc power? Idk thats the truth but I ignorantly doubt it
@@YASEEN_ZA That is just flat out wrong. RB have by far the better chassis. Mercedes just did a good job with the aero. Bad Chassis + Good Aero = Horrific Tire Wear (chassis ain't up to scratch so aero picks up slack, putting more stress on the tires). And that, my friend, is why Ferrari and Red Bull aren't dealing with the same tire issues Merc is.
@@YASEEN_ZA Mercedes never has the best chassis. They have the best and most reliable power unit in the hybrid era. RBR probably always has the best chassis. They make every power unit look competitive. But if I were Max, I would stay put at RBR
You can turn that around: Max needs to go where Newey is going!
This is exactly what is needed for better racing.
Agreed, Indycar have had a form of this aero for years and it does mean overtaking on even the most tricky of circuits is possible. Ok, yes they are more of a spec formula but the cars can follow closer together and that's the end goal of these new rules :)
2:47 I think you need to explain why speeding up the airflow leads to a drop in pressure.
Non-technical people may feel it is not quite so intuitive to conclude this, I think.
Simplistically people might think the "squeezing together" of the airflow would densify the air and make its pressure rise according to the p = rgh formula, where p is static pressure, r is the fluid density, g is the gravitational constant and h is the height of fluid above the pressure probe. (Weather presenters often quote this formula so it is known to many)
Of course in fact air is not very compressible so the density won't change that much at the throat.
The real reason for the pressure drop at the throat is the interplay between fluid pressure, speed and vertical level along a streamline. Bernoulli derived an equation for this: p/rg + sqr(v)/2g + z = constant. This implies that as the velocity of air increases along the same horizontal streamline, its (static) pressure decreases.
The last time I was this early Hamilton and Bottas were still 1-2 in Hockenheim
Yeah, I've seen this joke at least four times now.
Seems like originality isn't relevant anymore. Therefore haha.
turn 16: hold my beer
Nice
I was at Hockenheim and wanted to look down the main straight, sadly the only seats left were looking at turn 15 and 16.
Not anymore , but Mercedes are still 1-1 in driver and constructor standings ;)
Me watching this in 2022.. you basically predicted what the cars would look like with your drawing at the end of the video, great job 😄👍
These cars if they work as expected could be amazing and able to race closely for the first time in over 20 years
As a graduating ME student, I really appreciate the perfect balance in your explanations between technical info and simplicity. Gorgeous graphics and great pacing in all of your videos. Really enjoying all of your content. Thank you!
same
thank god it was chainbear explaining this
They use this principle now.
Between the flat floor and the seat, there are hidden tunnels that channel's the air flow to create a Real Venturi tunnel effect.
And tho, Fans are not allowed, they use the excess air pressure of the turbo to force more air through the tunnels.
When entering a corner, you slow down and lose some of the high speed air going IN the venturi tunnel, and lose downforce.. but the engine also stops needing the highly compressed air of the turbo.. So where do you channel this excess pressure..?!
At the entrance of the venturi tunnel !!.
And when you exit the corner, you qwickly need air going IN the turbo, to boost the engine.
That air comes from the output of the venturi tunnel.
Finally, "Autosport" has hired a "real analysist".
JBL is uselss.
"Hired", it's just an temporal contract.
amen to that!!!
Watch ChainBear’s TH-cam channel. I think it’s his voice here!
The team that gets the ground effect right will win the 2021 championship
This could be what Williams need to get themselves back up the other end of the grid for a few years.
I have no doubt that teams would find an aero exploit that would generate just as much dirty air today
i dont think mercedes will win the 2021 championship the real challengers can be 1. Ferrari (of course they have been in f1 the longest so they have some experience on ground effect.) 2. RedBull (they have the best aerodynamicist and thats adrian newway) 3. mclaren maybe can bounce back who knows (they too are like ferrari a long standing team that has some experience) 5. williams why not (like ferrari and mclaren they have experience in this department being a long experienced team with these things). Mercedes will struggle but they can catch up because those mfers will always cheat
@@gigasigma8373 did u just skip 4?
@@f.o.8547 Who needs a 4 anyway...
OK Autosport, don't ever upload another technical video unless Chain Bear does it.
Engineer here, taking away the end plates on the rear wing actually increase the amount of vortices induced as the high and low pressure areas will have less of a barrier between. It is the removal of slot gaps in the end plates that will reduce vortex generation.
Also engineer here, but electrical engineering so I only know so much about aerodynamcs. :D
Maybe I'm a bit dull but can you please explain why exactly the Venturi effect is working here? I mean sure the low pressure area sucks the car to the ground, but respectively the high pressure areas push the car up, or don't they? To me it seems that if the suction force is bigger than the pushing force, it violates the energy conservation law. Assuming the volumetric and mass flow rate in front and at the end of the car is the same, then suction force and pushing force should cancel each other out. What am I missing?
@@Meltorizor That is actually a very good question. The notion that pressure and suction cancel out is very logical, and it is actually true in inviscid flows. There is no drag or lift in (theoretical) inviscid flows.
In real flows however, lift is a product of the bound circulation of flow inside a wing. the circulation comes from integrating the friction components of air passing with different speeds on both sides of the object (wing, diffusor+body,..). So by having a speed difference we always induce a circulation over the body and a counterrotating one aft of the lifting surface (sometimes visible as a shedded vortex or von Karman straight). Where the edges of the lifting surface are we get tip vortices and tip vortex sheets, connecting the bound and the shedded circulation, according to Helmholtz' second theorem.
The details of the flow are complicated, but in a venturi diffusor system, the are of cross section contraction is connected to the freestream through a large cross section, which means that ambient pressure dominates the pressure field before the flow is accelerated enough to be of reduced pressure. The better optimised the flow constraint and expansion, the closer the ends of the tunnel will be to pure ambient pressure, with less influence of the stagnation component of the pressure, and the lower your suction pressures will go. Also, looking at CFD results of venturi underfloors, there is a distinct suction peak just aft of where maxmium restriction occurs and parasitic drag reduces the energy of the flow and its relative speed to the object its passing. so an underfloor has its centre of pressure a bit forward of its centroid.
It is a complicated topic and not so easy to explain with diagrams, but I hope you can use your engineering curiosity and my initial answer to find the right explanation for you :)
@@virtual_GaRy Thanks for your answer. As it's working for real I already imagined that it must have to do with atmospheric pressure and that air is compressable. It's not a a closed system so to say. Saying "high pressure" in this video is kinda misleading. Gotta look at the Bernoulli equations again.
Best regards
So aero attached to the uprights and moving with them , somewhere Colin Chapman is having the last laugh... 1.5 chassis F1
@@AzathothsAlarmClock Yep. Jim Hall for one
@@wingracer1614 Did Jim Halls 2J have inner and outer bodies? I know it had a fan
@@mickoholland1 no it did not
Exactly just what i was thinking too.
@@mickoholland1 it had skirts attached to the suspension.
The graphics, and careful explanations in this video make it a joy to take in. Said another way- I loved it. Well done over there.
Excellent video, thanks for clarifying ground effect.
The animations on these videos are so painfully simple, yet extremely effective
Did he just say "downfloorce" at 2:00?
10/10 pun if so.
He didn’t
@@tianmoezelaar5689 he did
Diffuser skirts attached to the suspension arm / brake duct structures is the kind of exotic yet philosophically simple(?) space magic F1 needs. Watching the slow motion shots of of these things plowing through kerbs is the kind of thing that would make us racing fans moist.
Now we just pray that the FIA and F1 stand their ground against top teams who probably aren't keen on the idea of closer racing
Ferrari has vetoed this comment.
Never has been. I just watch cat weigh reduction vidro where top team ask opposition creativity to be banned
On the other side aren’t top teams the ones who are most able to make this translation
The 2021 cars are gonna look fantastic with the sleeker and simplified bodywork designs.
F1 should start working with you to explain these concepts to fans
F1 2021 is gonna be like mid to late 90s champ cars with those floors.
This is gonna be sick
inb4 we get a "Monaco Racing League"
Now all we need is a non-championship oval race to see if we can go all the way with ths CART thing. That drawing, for one, makes me very excited.
Mitchell-Wallis Force ovala are trash lol
That ground effect might be the thing that finally keeps drivers from abusing all the curbs.
I waited 12 days for this to be on Chain Bear's channel but I guess I'll have to watch it here now.
FIA : Were bring back ground effect
DRS : Am I a joke to you ?
FIA : Yes , now jog on
LMFAO
FANS: Also yes. The sooner you're gone and replaced with a real solution, the sooner we can get back to more dramatic close racing and exciting overtaking at tracks that are currently processional ... Don't let the wheel gun hit you on the way out.
@Star Saber that's a completely meaningless response you have there...
DRS is objectively bad for the sport. It was always a stop gap measure which was only ever going to be around until the aero issue was resolved. It goes against a long tradition of the FIA's policy against active aero, and never really achieved what it set out to do anyway. Passing under DRS is rarely exciting.
You can suggest I am being salty, you can suggest some "fanboi" take on the situation. Meanwhile, I will suggest if that really is the best comeback you could think of, perhaps you should sit down before you exert yourself ;)
the FIA: here is literally a track corner designed for passing in which we hold your hand throught the process, also heres flappyboi we previously banned but now have total control of.
fans and drivers: but we didnt ask for that specific banned thing to come back. that was more Can-Ams thing anyway.
FIA 10 years later: hey we um finally got around to reading your suggestions. sorry bout that, here's the real banned item coming back
Henry Callahan As far as I can recall, ground effect in Can Am never got beyond having two snowmobile motors on the back of the car. It was never a Venturi effect.
Those are completely different things my friend...
- GE makes use of the vacuum generated by the difference of pressure to "stick" the car to the floor.
- DRS prevents the air flow to "hit" the tail and stop the car.
Both can coexist without affecting each other.
This needs reupload. It is so much more relevant now. Thanks!
Good explanation of the new design rules. I look forward to seeing this implemented. Hopefully, it will work as expected and make passing less artificial and more the result of grip, power and driver skill in making the best of it and another driver’s errors. DRS tends to make passing another car more of forgone conclusion. While I understand why DRS was necessitated due to the over reliance of wings to create downforce, it always seem to be a very flawed bandaid solution to the problem.
Great video. I wish that you had acknowledged the fans that may teams were using to create suction under the body of the car. You even had an image of a red car with the fan on the back. That is a big part of the downforce ideas from back in the day. also part of why they had the big block off plates on the sides of the car. It wasn't just the venturi effect but an actual vacuum created by the fans. The image of the car with the vacuum fan is at 3:55 for those who want to see it and understand what they were doing back then.
Love these "Chain Piola" / "Giorgio Bear" videos 😎👍
Another problem with the oldschool ground effect cars was the suspension. That was made rock hard to keep the car level and maintain the area of low pressure. As a result the cars were extremely uncomfortable to drive. Colin Chapman tried to solve this with the dual chassis Lotus 88, but the FIA was having none of it. Nice to see the lessons learned from that car are being implemented now though.
They say the car will only lost 5%of downforce
That is too ambitious
i swr they said 20%
@@jamalthasim9041 🤣
@@jamalthasim9041 20% was the intention for 2019.
its better to be over ambitious and fall short than go for an easy goal. Why the hell would you complain about Ross Brawn trying to make the regulations be as good as they can possibly be for racing.
@@xander1052 This. Even if he fails miserably and they lose like 200% more downforce than is targeted.. so roughly 15% loss opposed to targeted 5% it is still a massive improvement on the current 45%, I just hope sufficient testing is done before they remove DRS (which I actually don't like btw as it's artificial but until this is proven to work I would be careful to just dump it in case it negates the improvements)
Great video, the explanation was simple but not superficial, very nice
I hate how the ground effect term is thrown around with ignorance in forums and on csome yt channels
Ground effect is not banned...because diffusers are still legal and the floor still produces over 50% of the cars downforce. What IS banned are sealing devices such as sliding skirts which would drastically increase the amount of downforce from the diffuser
To combat the 'instability' through the corners, maybe bring back active suspension too.. That way it might also negate the lack of sidewall on the tyres (suspension) also... For those that don't understand.... Around 40% of an F1 cars suspension is made up from the tyre sidewall, 13" (330mm) rims and a tyre diameter of 670mm... Meaning there's 340mm (divided by 2) of tyre between the road and and the rim.... 2021, the rims go to 18" (457mm) with the tyres growing to 720mm. Meaning there's 263mm (divided by 2) of tyre between the road and tyre... In F1 terms, that's a huge change.
Just remember Villeneuve vs Arnoux 1979 French Grand Prix. That's the type of racing ground effects can cause.
I would not assume anything this early on.
that's the goal...that would make F1 very watchable again for certain.
@@jamesstewart1794 I mean there was damn good racing throughout the entire ground effects era.
Been looking at the current cars' floor and it really seems the step floor actually makes some ground effect possible. The flat floors from the previous regulations look like they were too low to scoop any significant air underneath, even with the a raised nose (like on the FW14), and that air is likely to have gone under the sidepods but above the floor. With the step floor, the step plane to each side is higher, so some of the air scooped by the splitter under the cockpit goes right under it, to each side of the reference plane. Seal it with some vortices and you have a more significant ground effect. The classic ground effect cars in essence also had a step floor, except the step planes under the sidepods were not planes, but curved like an airfoil.
while closer racing is the objective, it never seems to either last, or be truly realized as two or three teams run away from the field.
That is why the FIA will eventually have to enforce budget caps so that it's not just the richest teams building the best cars year-in-year-out.....
Early 2010's was the closest we got to actual close racing, but Red Bull got away. F1 will always have 2 or 3 teams at the top, it always had and always will.
@@Starfire_Storm As long as it isn't just ONE team running away with things, I'll keep watching. The sport needs a competitive top tier of 3 or 4 teams, otherwise it's just a 200mph procession...
Great video. As a long time but casual fan (I don't take notice of tiny aero package upgrades and the like) this explained it really well. F1 has some amazing talent right now and of course there has been some fantastic racing lately, but 2021 regs seems like it will unlock "real racing" again. Rather than DRS passes we should have much closer wheel to wheel racing even through corners leading to passes in new places we might have seen far less of currently. Now we can watch drivers competing even more fiercely, and one mistake will compromise you more now than perhaps in the past because your competitor will be right on your tail at all times and not hanging back to keep the superior airflow, and then relying on DRS to close the gap.
Chain bear just hinted that DRS could be eliminated!
That will be awesome and history will remember current F1 as the dark days of artificially enhancing overtaking rules.
Chainbear explaining stuff with Giorgio Piola illustrations is immediate Kreygasm
I'm putting my money on RedBull for 2020.
max shall lead us to victory ☺
2021 maybe, not 2020.
I think people are starting to underestimate how good those merc cars are on a good day. They have only had two bad races this year and DOMINATED everything else. Red Bull and Ferrari aren’t as close as it seems.
@@psquared518 same was true for Redbull 2010-13 and Ferrari Scumacher Era but now they are nowhere near that.
if they can keep newey and honda going like theyre now 2021 will be a great season hopefully 2020 will still be fun with most teams looking further ahead.
My vote would be for keeping DRS, but letting cars use it at-will in the zones. I love seeing the wing flip down at the end of the straight!
Sure. Driver controlled active aero, forcing the drivers to outbrake each other at the corners. If you go off into the gravel or the tire barrier, well, that's just your rotten luck. The cars, with their crash cells and cockpit placement, are much safer than they were 25 years ago, so why not?
It’s all about the WEC and Le Mans 2021 with the hyper car category. the Aston Martin Valkyrie and its 6.5l v12 it’s going to be mental
Extremely well put together and interesting video. Well done.
No more vortices flying off rear wings? Those look so good on tv
Not as good as the battles that are about to happen
Those will still be there, just a lot smaller. Wingtip vortex size is related to both the wing size and the amount of lift/downforce being generated.
I watched like a half dozen videos on this and this video was by far the clearest and most detailed. Most other videos didn't even explain why the new ground effect was safer. Thanks for this!
These videos are exceptionally good.
Chainbear is the only reason why I'm still a subscriber to this channel.
Guys I really hate that plate cover on the rims. Hope that they will not include in the regulation.
Maybe some cars will have it, brawn had them but I think brawn had them right
I know nothing about physics and I was still able to understand all of this. Incredible explanation, thank you!
I'm excited for it.
"Make F1 competitive and entertaining again."
From now on... let Chain Bear do everything. This was awesome !!
If Ross Brawn’s study of bringing back refueling for 2021 is approved, we might see smaller cars like those back in the early 2000’s
Not really. The reason why modern f1 cars are so big is because they have to accommodate a longer wheel base (which allows greater stability at higher speed). Refueling will make little to no differences to the cars' size
@@riccardozanetti2893 it does effect the car size, even it doesn't do much. They have to increase the back part of the car to compensate a larger fuel tank. But I agree with the longer wheelbase thing, the front part of the car is way too long, especially the front wing. They also should decrease the size of the tires to make the car narrower.
@@opalblue2232 no
I'm so obsessed with ground effect, I've watched this video more times I can admit. Great vid.
We need Lotus back in F1
DRS is planned as a possible workaround; it has been incorporated in the design but not "activated". The place where to put the mechanism is thought of and the overall "default" wing design is easy to change to have a DRS. So it might make a sudden return between seasons. Pretty much everything i've seen from the new rules has been great.
Ah! So that's how they're going to do it without the track damaging skirts
Great video, very well researched and presents the info in such plain language. nice
Here we are, 4 years later, laughing at how just BAD of an idea this was.
Why exactly was it bad?
@@arbazannLook at 2023 races and you will understand
@@arbazannbecause they thought it would be possible to have a venturi tunnel effect, but without a tunnel..🤣🤣
At high speed, the air escaped from the sides and made the car bounce .
@@martf1061 That just seems like a skill issue from Mercedes. Notice how Red Bull doesn't have any problems?
@@arbazann thanks to Newey.
I remember the downforce days, don't remember seeing it at the time, but when they first introduced it had mechanics covering wings on cars to distract from real reason for corner speeds. Later there was the huge fan fitted to another car, to increase pressure differential under the car, which was like following turbo charged road gritter.
But as you alluded to, safety wasn't as great a concern in those days, crashes could quickly turn fatal. But the new rules hopefully will reinvigorate the sport, while being safer for the drivers.
we need grid girls back from 2021
That ain't gonna improve racing much is it
You are not wrong
If you want to look at pretty girls, go to google, and type "pretty girls". Sorted.
Anyone missing grid girls is either a 13 year old hormone buzzing prepubescent child, or a virgin 30 yo manchild. They brought literally nothing to the sport, other than being a sign of the "good-ol' 70's" where slapping a girl in her butt was considered a gentle, flirty move
@@szalonysebcio5 I love seeing grid girls, what am I?
So well put together, great video to explain this
Thanks for this😁 I just hope the proposed changes actually work the way they're expected. Close racing is what we want😁. Also, is there any news on the engine regulations to be used for 2021?
Miguel Enriquez no expected change sadly so still 1.6L V6 hybrids
They will remove some of the electronic parts of the engine and open the turbo wastegates so you can hear the turbo + bumping the max rpm up by 3000 rpm which will make it sound better
Power-train remains the same except with EOT standardised gearbox.
@@oharryc Pretty sure that's been done.. 🤔
The mgu h will be gone and the single turbo will be swapped for a biturbo
Why are they getting rid of DRS? With the use of Venturi effect aero, won't DRS be even more important on the straights because the car ahead won't be punching a hole?
I'm feeling for the sofa team, CB runs rings around them...
2:47 our reliable old friend Bernoulli's Principle
This is all in theory. F1 has a great reputation of hyping us up and then the teams find loopholes and someone will dominate and we are left with the midfield fighting close while one or two teams are winning. We’ll have to wait and see. Seems interesting though. I do look forward to seeing the teams interpretations of these new regulations.
It all makes pretty good sense except how is it possible for air pressure to be lower at the point of restriction in a venturi? In the "choked pipe" example, surely the pressure increases up to the point of restriction and doesn't actually drop until after the point where the airflow stops being squeezed, no?
Why can't they just make a rule stating that a trailing car of predetermined design must be able to generate a set amount of downforce?
That way it's up to the car manufacturers to fix the dirty air problem.
Drs is still an amazing tool to cut drag and should be implemented for topspeed purposes
Yep. Active aerodynamics in simple ways should be allowed in my opinion. Maybe restricted to Front and rear wing. Seeing the car 'transform' from corners to straights would be really cool to be honest 😅
I agree, but get rid of the restrictions on its use. Force the drivers to outbrake each other. You know. Like real racing : )
Sooooo, F1 just copied the current Indycar. Which is fine by me because they look great and the racing is phenomenal.
@socketus popetus ummmmm, Indycar does have ground effects. The DW12 has a floor that has been nearly copied 1/1 by F1. Same for the wings
@socketus popetus Yeah the new aero kit since 2018 moved most of the downforce away from the wings and into the floor work. I guess F1 wanted to try ground effect again for a long time but wasnt sure if it was safe and now theyve seen Indycars get it to work again?
Indycar / CART from about 1990 to 1995 is a great example of a formula racing series with ground effects, multiple chassis / engine / tyre manufacturers, top driver talent, big budgets, and close racing.
Yes, it was great. I miss that iteration of CART. IRL/Indycar may be more financially viable but it's just a glorified spec series...I try to watch it, but can't. Give me early 90s F1 and CART any day over that BS.
The main question is whether pirelli can produce a tyre that's work properly
I think you have the equation perfectly backward.
It's up to team engineering to exploit the given tire.
If the tire manufacturer is tasked with matching the tire to the car, the tire will only match ONE design and that's not a good situation
Pirelli produces tire EXACTLY how the FIA wants them. It's just that FIA asked for bullshit tyres.
That car is sick although it would look better if tge wheel cover was off. but thats okay since i value the rscing higher than how the cars look.
2:00 ...generate downFLOORce
wow an explanation of the venturi effect that actually explained how it works. Thank you i finally understand it.
I shall attempt to contain my excitement with cynical sarcasm:
I for one welcome our new fully-unsprung "really freaking stressed out member" monocoques.
Chain bear videos are the best this channel has!
All of todays F1 cars currently use ground effect.
@Starscream_xxx yes they do. Sincerely, F1 Aerodynamicist.
@@marshyyboyy good joke
You clearly don't understand aerodynamics then. The front wing, underfloor and diffuser All operate in ground effect and motorsport diffusers don't work without ground effect. You should do your research
how does it work?
Chaimbear; the only high quality content Autosport seems to be able to put out nowadays
Gotta stay away from them kerbs then
which is good!
Top notch explanation. But anyone else dislike the haphazard nature of the slides falling-in, perpendicular cuts and angled movements of the content?
Ed Straw: We must not look at the past to solve the problems that we have now.
They’re not. They’re looking at the difference between F1 and Indy.
The only problem I have is that the low pressure doesn't suck the car to the ground. The high pressure from above is trying to balance pressure and move towards the area of low pressure and in turn pushing the car down.
I don’t want the wheel covers back. They looks so stupid, I know it’s for the aero and so on but still make it look great all around and not put some Prius wheelcovers
Ryan Miller well I can clearly see I’m not the only one hating them, one of if the worst ideas is those wheel covers. And one of the things if you didn’t notice was to make the cars look more appealing and the wheel covers doesn’t do that.
So call it what you what sunshine people CARE about the looks not only the performance
Long before Lotus, the true pioneer of ground effects in race cars was Jim Hall of Midland TX. Check out the (banned) Chaparral 2J active GE car. He was also the first to put an elevated wing on CanAm racers. His private track (the so-called "Rattlesnake Raceway") is still south of Midland.
And Indycar says, "You're welcome."
Mark York and Disney says “copyright” 😂
If it was a case of designing a spec chassis that everyone had to adhere to, that would have been done a long time ago. The problem in F1 is anticipating where the development gets out of hand and creates turbulence. You don't worry about that in Indycar or SuperFormula.
That 2021 car design proposal looks spectacular
No wheel covers please !!! 😳😳
@@WinWal2000 True! True!
@@WinWal2000 The 2021 changes do have some form of wing cover but it's more effective to just cover it up altogether, according to Redbull.
@@WinWal2000 idc the car looks ugly
@@s.d.h.3t981 thats the picture i had in mind..that it will look bull,but im sure they will figure it out
What would the cars look like if teams were allowed to build them any way they want?