hocam dedikleriniz mantıklı. Hazar denizinin üstünden Türklerin çıkması. Bana da erkenekon, Ural dağları gibi geliyor. Hazarların musavi oldukları da bir gerçeklik . Benim kafama oturmayan neden hazar bakiyelerinden sadece küçük bir grup olan Karaylar Türkçe konuşuyor. Sizin bahsettiğiniz derin hazarların derin kalması için kendileri öbür musevilerden ayıran bir dili olması lazım değil mi.
The names of some organs it's used as the suffix for nouns, “Ak”= ~each of both (Yan= side) Yan-ak= each of both sides (of the face) >Yanak= cheek (Gül= rose) Kül-ak = each of both the roses >Kulak= Ear (Şek=facet) Şek-ak = each of both sides (of forehead) >Şakak= temple (Dal=subsection, branch) Dal-ak=dalak= Spleen (Böbür=scarlet fleck) Böbür-ak=böbrek= Kidney = each of both red-spots / blodfleck Bağça-ak>(Paça-ak)>bacak= Leg (ankle) (Pati = paw) Batı-ak>pathiak>phatyak>hadyak>adyak)=Ayak= the foot > each of the feet (Taş=stone) Taş-ak=testicle Akciğer=~(each of) both lungs Bacı-yan-ak > Bacanak= each of the husbands of the sisters of your wife >> just for men TÜL-KARN-AK =that obscures/ shadowing each of both dark/ covert periods= Karanlık (batıni) çağların her birini örten tül ZHU'L-KARN-EYN=the (shader) owner of each of both times DU’AL-CHORN-EIN=double-horned-one=(the horned hunter)Herne the hunter> Cernunnos> Karneios it's used as the suffix for verbs, “Ak /ek“=a-qa ~which thing to / what’s to… Er-mek = to get / to reach Bar-mak (Varmak)= to arrive / to achieve Er-en-mek > erinmek / Bar-an-mak > barınmak =to arrive on one's own Erin-ek / barın-ak = what’s there to arrive at oneself Ernek / Barnak > Parmak = Finger Çiğ=uncooked, raw Çiğne-mek =to chew Çiğne-ek>Çiğneh> Çene = Chin Tut-mak = to hold / to keep Tut-ak=Dudak= Lip Tara-mak = to comb/ ~to rake Tara-ak > Tarak =(what’s there to comb)> the comb Tara-en-mak > taranmak = to comb oneself Taran-ak > Tırnak =(what’s there to comb oneself)> fingernail
Bal = (Honey) Bal >Mel >Mer >Mil >Meli > Melit > Melis =(yumuşak, melul, balsam, hoş kokulu, tatlı / yummy, mellow, balmy, malleable, dessert, sweet) Al-Bal (red-sweet) =Alpal (Apple) >Afal >Almelo> >Alma > Elma (the dessert) > Alba> halba > halvah > helva Mel-ak (sweet-white)>(Mela >Mal >Mar >Milo >Melon >Melam) Melak>>>Milk >>>Lak (sweetie) > Balak > bala >>> bella ? >> well ? Almıla / Melah >> Elma = Apple (Ma-hoş-mela)> Moş-mela > Muşmula = Medlar ( not so pleasant but yummy) Meltem= mellow wind = breeze Mel-melat > marmelat = marmellata, marmalade Melisa = balm / jam / rosin Melamine = a type of chemical resin (Mel-hem)> merhem=(almost-balm) > ointment (Mel-sumac) merşumak> mercimek = lentil Mel-audio = melody (Dağ = mountain)> height > altitude (tow/toğ/tao/tai/tav/tag)>> high/ 塔 / 高 /ضيقة /ضيق dev/deva/devasa/diva/dheu/theo/theus/zeus/大>> huge (dar /tar /dai /tay /tav /dae /too /toi) = narrow / nearest /stuck / compressed / solid / hard / durable Phone / Phoon/ Fun / Wajan / Wehen = (Esen/ Esinti / Rüzgar/ Ses ) - Wind / Breeze / Sound / Voice Dae-vane /tai-fun / tao-wen/ too-phone/ typhoon/ 大风 = (loud sound) >> hard-strong wind Dağ= litosferik tabakaların sıkışarak yükselmesi / compression and rise of lithospheric layers Dar-lık= to rise upwards by squeezed, feeling of height, feeling of being squeezed Dar = narrow / nearest /stuck / compressed / solid / hard / durable Dar = birbirine yaklaşmış / sıkışık / sıkışmış / sıkıştırılmış / sağlam / sert / dayanıklı Darlık= sıkışarak yükselmek, yükseklik hissi, sıkışma duygusu Dar = yakın olmak , alakalı olmak, ilgilenmek / to be close, to be involved, to be interested Hüküm-dar = Hükümle ilgilenen , hüküm veren = Sovereign Mihman-dar = Misafire yakın olan , misafire alaka gösteren = ~hostess Darülaceze =(diyar-u-el-aceze) Acizerle ilgilenilen yer = ~hospice Dai-u > nearest he's = Dayı = (materal) uncle Toy = meeting /ceremony/feast/ immature-game boy Kurula-toy > Kurultay = scheduled meeting / council (Dai-emek)> Dayamak =to base on /make it support/fasten down / get it closer well to (Dai-en-mak)> Dayanmak= to recline upon / stay strong /be close literally (Dai-et-mak)>Dayatmak = to impose / insist / keep it completely nearest to Yanardağ ile ilgili / pertaining to a volcano Dağ-et-mak >Dağıtmak = to distribute /to deal out / to deploy Dağ-al-mak >Dağılmak = to get dispersed / to go to pieces Dağ-la-mak = krater şekline çevirmek / cauterize (Doğ-umak) = Doğmak = to come up / rising up / come into the world > to born Doğ-ğur-mak= Doğurmak= to make this come up > bring this into the world > to give birth Doğu=the direction where the sun comes up > East / 东方 (Doy-umak) = Doymak = to rise to the top / to be full Doy-ğur-mak= Doyurmak=to satiate > to make it full > to feed Tok= has peaked, satiate, full (Tik) Dik= direct to endpoint / ~upright Dikey= vertical Dik-uğru =Doğru = right direction = true Diken= thorn Dik-mek =to make directly them overlap each other at the endpoints > sew / sow Doğa= upper surface structure of the earth > nature Doku = surface structure, texture Doku-mak=to weave (on the surface) (Toku-en-mak) Dokunmak=to touch / to contact the surface of..
29+ tenses in turkish language Istanbul Turkish verb conjugations A= To (towards /~for) (for words with a thick vowel in the last syllable) E= To (towards /~for) (for words with a thin vowel in the last syllable) Okul=School U (ou)=it’s that/ it’s about Mak/Mek (umak/emek)= aim /exertion (machine/mechanism)(activity purpose / effort process) Git-mek=(verb)= to Go /the effort of going> getmek =to get there 1 .present continuous tense (right now or soon, currently or nowadays) Used to describe the current actions or planned events -for designated times YOR-mak =to tire ( to try ,engage in) >Yor= go onto it too much (yorgunum=I’m tired) A/E Yormak=(to arrive at any idea of what it is) I/U Yormak=(to deal completely with) used as the suffix=” ı/u - i/ü + Yor" positive Okula gidiyorsun ( you are going to school)= Okul-a Git-i-Yor-u-Sen >School-to Go-to-Try that-You < (please read backwards) Evden geliyorum ( I'm coming from home) = Ev-de-en Gel-i-yor-u-Men >(from Home I’ try to Come) =Come-to-try that-Me Home-at-then< negative A) Mã= Not B) Değil= Un-equivalent examples A: Okula gitmiyorsun ( you’re not going to school)= Okul-a Git-Mã-i-yor-u-Sen >You don't try to Go to school B: Okula gidiyor değilsin ( you aren’t going to school)=Okul-a Git-i-yor değil-sen >You aren't try..to Go to School Question sentence: Mã-u =Not-it> is not it? Used as the suffixes =" Mı / Mu / Mi / Mü “ Okula mı gidiyorsun? ( Are you going to school )= Okul-a Mã-u Git-i-yor-u-sen (To-school/ Not-it / You-try-to-go)>Are you going to school or somewhere else? Okula gidiyor musun? ( Do you go to school )= Okul-a Git-i-yor Mã-u-sen (To school /Try-to-go /Not-it-you)>~do You (try to) go to school (at specific times) or not ? Okula sen mi gidiyorsun ?= Are you the (only) one going to school? 2 .simple extensive tense ( used to explain our own thoughts about the topic) (always, since long , for a long time, sometimes, currently, sooner or later/ inşallah) positive VAR-mak = to arrive at /to attain (var= ~being there) used as the suffixes >"Ar-ır-ur" (for thick vowel) ER-mek= to get at /to reach (er= ~achieve ) used as the suffixes >"Er-ir-ür" (for thin vowel) examples Okula gidersin (You get to go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-er-sen= You get (a chance) to go to school Kuşlar gökyüzünde uçarlar=(~ Birds fly in the sky )=Kuş-lar gökyüzü-n’de uç-a-var(u-lar)= Birds have (likelihood) to fly in the sky = ~ Birds arrive by flying in the sky Bunu görebilirler (They can see this) = Bu-n’u Gör-e-Bil-e-er-ler =~They get to be able to see what this is Question sentence: In interrogative sentences it means: isn't it so /what do you think about this topic? Okula gider misin? (Do you get to go to school) Okul-a Git-e-er Mã-u-Sen =You get to Go to School -is Not it?=~What about you getting to go to school? Okula mı gidersin? =Do you get to go to school or somewhere else? negative Mã= Not Bas-mak =to tread on/ dwell on/ stand on (bas git=get out of here > pas geç= pass by> vazgeç=give up Ez-mek = to crush/ to run over (ez geç= think nothing about > es geç= stop thinking about) Mã-bas=(No-pass/ Na pas) > (give up on/not to dwell on) >the suffix "MAZ" (for thick vowel) Mã-ez=(Don’t/ Doesn’t)> (to skip/ avoid) >the suffix "MEZ" (for thin vowel) for the 1st person singular and 1st plural is only used the suffix “Mã” ,except for questions examples Okula gitmezsin (you don't/won't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-ez-sen > You skip going to school Babam bunu yapmaz (my dad doesn't do this)= Baba-m bu-n’u yap-ma-bas > My dad doesn't dwell on doing this Bugün okula gitmem (I won't go to school today)> Okul-a Git-mã-men =I don't (have to) go to school Bugün okula gidemem (I can’t go to school today)= Okul-a Git-e-er-mã-men >I don't get (a chance) to go to school Bir bardak su almaz mısınız (Don't you get a glass of water)> Bir fincan çay al-ma-bas ma-u-sen-iz > Do you (really) give up on getting a cup of tea? Kimse senden (daha) hızlı koşamaz (Nobody can run faster than you)=Kimse sen-den daha hızlı kaş-a-al-ma-bas 3.simple future tense (soon or later) Used to describe events that we are aiming for or think are in the future Çak-mak =~to tack ,~fasten,~keep in mind ,~hit them together (for thick vowel) Çek-mek=~to pull, ~take time, ~feel it inside, ~attract , ~to will (for thin vowel) positive.. Okula gideceksin ( you'll go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-çek-sen = You fetch-keep (in mind) to-Go to school Ali bu kapıyı açacak ( Ali’s gonna open this door)= Ali Kapı-y-ı Aç-a-çak = Ali takes (on his mind) to open the door negative A. Okula gitmeyeceksin (you won't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-e-çek-sen =You don't take (time) to go to school B. Okula gidecek değilsin (you aren't gonna go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-çek değil-sen =~you won't go to school and nobody is demanding that you 4 . simple past tense (currently or before) Used to explain the completed events we're sure about Edû = done / Di = anymore Used as the suffixes= (Dı /Di /Du/ Dü - Tı /Ti /Tu /Tü) positive Okula gittin = You went to school = Okul-a Git-di-N Dün İstanbul'da kaldım= I stayed in Istanbul yesterday Okula mı gittin ? (Did you go to school)= Okul-a Mã-u Git-di-n> You went to school or somewhere else? Okula gittin mi ? (~Have you gone to school)= Okul-a Git-di-n Mã-u> You went to school or not? negative Okula gitmedin =You didn't go to school / Okul-a Git-mã-di-N Bugün pazara gitmediler mi? =Didn't they go to the (open public) market today? Dün çarşıya mı gittiniz? = where Did you go yesterday, to the (covered public) bazaar? Akşamleyin bakkala (markete) gittik mi?= Did we go to the grocery store in the evening? 5 .narrative/reported past tense (just now or before) Used to describe the completed events that we're unsure of MUŞ-mak = ~to inform (muşu=perceive/notice muştu>müjde=evangel) that means > I've been informed/ I heard/ I found out/ I noticed /I learned used as the suffixes= (Mış/ Muş - Miş/ Müş) positive Okula gitmişsin= I heard you went to school> Okul-a Git-muş-u-sen Yanlış birşey yapmışım=~I realized I did something wrong negative A. Okula gitmemişsin (I learned- you didn't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-miş-sen (I heard you haven't gone to school) B. Okula gitmiş değilsin =(Apparently you haven't been to school) Okul-a Git--miş değil-sen In a question sentence it means: Do you have any inform about- have you heard- are you aware -does it look like it? İbrahim bugün okula gitmiş mi? =~Did you heard that Abraham has gone to school today? İbrahim bugün okula mı gitmiş? =~Are you sure Abraham went to school today? 6.Okula varmak üzeresin =You're about to arrive at school 7.Okula gitmektesin (You're in (process of) going to school)= ~you’ve been going to school 8.Okula gitmekteydin =~You had been going to school =Okula gidiyor olmaktaydın 9.Okula gitmekteymişsin =I found out you've been going to school 10.Okula gidiyordun (Okula git-i-yor er-di-n) = You were going to school 11.Okula gidiyormuşsun (Okula git-i-yor er-miş-sen)=I noticed you were going to school (at the time/ now on) 12.Okula gidiyor olacaksın (Okula git-i-yor ol-a-çak-sen)= You’ll be going to school 13.Okula gitmekte olacaksın (Okula git-mek-de ol-a-çak-sen)= You’ll have been going to school 14.Okula gitmiş olacaksın (Okula git-miş ol-a-çak-sen)= You’ll have gone to school 15.Okula gidecektin (Okula git-e-çek er-di-n)=You were gonna go to school > I had thought you'd be going to school 16.Okula gidecekmişsin (Okula git-e-çek ermişsen)=I found out you're gonna go to school>~I hear you wanna go to school. 17.Okula giderdin ( Okula git-e-er erdin)=You used to go to school >~You'd have had a chance to go to school 18.Okula gidermişsin ( Okula git-e-er ermişsen)=I heard you used to go to school> I realized that you’d get to go to school 19.Okula gittiydin ( Okula git-di erdin)= I had seen you went to school >I remember you had gone to school 20.Okula gittiymişsin = I heard you went to school -but if what I heard is true 21.Okula gitmişmişsin = I heard you've been to school -but what I heard didn't sound very convincing 22.Okula gitmiştin (Okula git-miş er-di-n)= you had gone to school 23.Okula gitmiş oldun (Okula git-miş ol-du-n)= you have been to school Dur-mak=to remain in the same way/order/layout Durur=remains to exist / keeps being / seems such used as the suffixes=(Dır- dir- dur- dür / Tır- tir-tur-tür) (in official speeches these suffixes are used only for the 3rd singular and 3rd plural person) its meaning in formal speeches> it has been and goes on like that Bu Bir Elma = This is an apple Bu bir elmadır= (bu bir elma-durur)= This is an apple (and keeps being) Bu Bir Kitap = This is a book Bu bir kitaptır= (bu bir kitap-durur)= This is a book (and keeps being) informal meaning in everyday speech>it seems/ likely that/ remained so in my mind Bu bir elmadır= (bu bir elma-durur)=It seems like- this is an apple Bu bir kitaptır= (bu bir kitap-durur)=It's likely that -this is a book Bu bir elma gibi duruyor=(looks like an apple this is )>This looks like an apple Bu bir kitap gibi duruyor=This looks like a book 24.Okula gidiyordursun =(guess>likely-You were going to school 25.Okula gidiyorsundur =(I think> you are going to school 26.Okula gidecektirsin =(guess>likely- You would (gonna) go to school 27.Okula gideceksindir=(I think> You'll go to school 28.Okula gitmiştirsin =(guess >likely- You had gone to school 29.Okula gitmişsindir =(I think> You've been to school
Ba Ba = Baba / Apa / eba / abu /爸爸= Papa ( Pater > Father) Na Na = Ana / Anne = 妈妈/ Ma Ma / Mom ( Mater > Mother) Ne Ne = Nene / Nine = 奶奶/ Nanny (Grandmother) / Bög anne = big mama Ta Ta = Ata / Dede =爷爷/ Grandfather / Bög baba = big father Ka Ga = Aga / Keke (~steerer /beak) 哥哥/ aga bög > ağabey = big brother Bir-ol-diger> Birader = (per-alter /pre-other > one other) =兄弟/ Brother Ba ba la =Baba-la /apa-la /abula > Abla = older sister ( ~with father) Ba ba chui = Bavoji > Bacı = younger sister ( ~loves father) Ba ba cha = Apa-ça /abuja > emijae > Emmi / Amca =舅舅/ paternal uncle (~fatherly) Tai U = Dayı = 叔叔/ maternal uncle ( nearest’s he ) Tai Thu =Taitsu> Teyze = maternal aunt / Dasy ( nearest’s that ) Çe Çe = Ece / Cece / 姐姐 / older sister Mi Mi = Ümmü / Mimi / 妹妹 / younger sister or younger aunt (or little mom) Bi Bi = Bibi / Hala = 姑姑/ paternal aunt Pe Pe = Bebe / bebek =宝宝 / baby >>( sweetie > balak / bala ) Kayın ağacı = Beech tree >>>difficult pedigree = different family tree Kayın peder / Kayın baba / Kaynata = father-in-law /公公 Kayın valide / Kayın anne / Kaynana = mother-in-law /婆婆 Kayın = brother in-law for women > Kayınçı / Kayınço = brother in-law for men Baldız = sister-in-law /嫂子 ( honey- salt) wife's sister for men Görümce = sister-in-law (~observer) husband's sister for women Elti = Brother in-law's wife > just for women Gelin = bride / 新娘 (~newcomer) Nedime= the bride's assistant at the wedding and closest friend Yenge = Brother's wife (~came over marriage) Dünür= parents who are related to each other through their children's marriages (~ later relatives) Güvey /Damat = groom /倌 / 马夫 Sağdıç (sağdeş) = The groom's assistant at the wedding and closest friend Bacanak = sister-in-law's husband (each of the husbands of the sisters of your wife) just for men Enişte = sisters or aunts husbands
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- Tan Can
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hocam dedikleriniz mantıklı. Hazar denizinin üstünden Türklerin çıkması. Bana da erkenekon, Ural dağları gibi geliyor. Hazarların musavi oldukları da bir gerçeklik . Benim kafama oturmayan neden hazar bakiyelerinden sadece küçük bir grup olan Karaylar Türkçe konuşuyor. Sizin bahsettiğiniz derin hazarların derin kalması için kendileri öbür musevilerden ayıran bir dili olması lazım değil mi.
The names of some organs
it's used as the suffix for nouns, “Ak”= ~each of both
(Yan= side)
Yan-ak= each of both sides (of the face) >Yanak= cheek
(Gül= rose)
Kül-ak = each of both the roses >Kulak= Ear
(Şek=facet)
Şek-ak = each of both sides (of forehead) >Şakak= temple
(Dal=subsection, branch)
Dal-ak=dalak= Spleen
(Böbür=scarlet fleck)
Böbür-ak=böbrek= Kidney = each of both red-spots / blodfleck
Bağça-ak>(Paça-ak)>bacak= Leg (ankle)
(Pati = paw)
Batı-ak>pathiak>phatyak>hadyak>adyak)=Ayak= the foot > each of the feet
(Taş=stone)
Taş-ak=testicle
Akciğer=~(each of) both lungs
Bacı-yan-ak > Bacanak= each of the husbands of the sisters of your wife >> just for men
TÜL-KARN-AK =that obscures/ shadowing each of both dark/ covert periods= Karanlık (batıni) çağların her birini örten tül
ZHU'L-KARN-EYN=the (shader) owner of each of both times
DU’AL-CHORN-EIN=double-horned-one=(the horned hunter)Herne the hunter> Cernunnos> Karneios
it's used as the suffix for verbs, “Ak /ek“=a-qa ~which thing to / what’s to…
Er-mek = to get / to reach
Bar-mak (Varmak)= to arrive / to achieve
Er-en-mek > erinmek / Bar-an-mak > barınmak =to arrive on one's own
Erin-ek / barın-ak = what’s there to arrive at oneself
Ernek / Barnak > Parmak = Finger
Çiğ=uncooked, raw
Çiğne-mek =to chew
Çiğne-ek>Çiğneh> Çene = Chin
Tut-mak = to hold / to keep
Tut-ak=Dudak= Lip
Tara-mak = to comb/ ~to rake
Tara-ak > Tarak =(what’s there to comb)> the comb
Tara-en-mak > taranmak = to comb oneself
Taran-ak > Tırnak =(what’s there to comb oneself)> fingernail
Bal = (Honey)
Bal >Mel >Mer >Mil >Meli > Melit > Melis =(yumuşak, melul, balsam, hoş kokulu, tatlı / yummy, mellow, balmy, malleable, dessert, sweet)
Al-Bal (red-sweet) =Alpal (Apple) >Afal >Almelo> >Alma > Elma
(the dessert) > Alba> halba > halvah > helva
Mel-ak (sweet-white)>(Mela >Mal >Mar >Milo >Melon >Melam) Melak>>>Milk >>>Lak
(sweetie) > Balak > bala >>> bella ? >> well ?
Almıla / Melah >> Elma = Apple
(Ma-hoş-mela)> Moş-mela > Muşmula = Medlar ( not so pleasant but yummy)
Meltem= mellow wind = breeze
Mel-melat > marmelat = marmellata, marmalade
Melisa = balm / jam / rosin
Melamine = a type of chemical resin
(Mel-hem)> merhem=(almost-balm) > ointment
(Mel-sumac) merşumak> mercimek = lentil
Mel-audio = melody
(Dağ = mountain)> height > altitude
(tow/toğ/tao/tai/tav/tag)>> high/ 塔 / 高 /ضيقة /ضيق
dev/deva/devasa/diva/dheu/theo/theus/zeus/大>> huge
(dar /tar /dai /tay /tav /dae /too /toi) = narrow / nearest /stuck / compressed / solid / hard / durable
Phone / Phoon/ Fun / Wajan / Wehen = (Esen/ Esinti / Rüzgar/ Ses ) - Wind / Breeze / Sound / Voice
Dae-vane /tai-fun / tao-wen/ too-phone/ typhoon/ 大风 = (loud sound) >> hard-strong wind
Dağ= litosferik tabakaların sıkışarak yükselmesi / compression and rise of lithospheric layers
Dar-lık= to rise upwards by squeezed, feeling of height, feeling of being squeezed
Dar = narrow / nearest /stuck / compressed / solid / hard / durable
Dar = birbirine yaklaşmış / sıkışık / sıkışmış / sıkıştırılmış / sağlam / sert / dayanıklı
Darlık= sıkışarak yükselmek, yükseklik hissi, sıkışma duygusu
Dar = yakın olmak , alakalı olmak, ilgilenmek / to be close, to be involved, to be interested
Hüküm-dar = Hükümle ilgilenen , hüküm veren = Sovereign
Mihman-dar = Misafire yakın olan , misafire alaka gösteren = ~hostess
Darülaceze =(diyar-u-el-aceze) Acizerle ilgilenilen yer = ~hospice
Dai-u > nearest he's = Dayı = (materal) uncle
Toy = meeting /ceremony/feast/ immature-game boy
Kurula-toy > Kurultay = scheduled meeting / council
(Dai-emek)> Dayamak =to base on /make it support/fasten down / get it closer well to
(Dai-en-mak)> Dayanmak= to recline upon / stay strong /be close literally
(Dai-et-mak)>Dayatmak = to impose / insist / keep it completely nearest to
Yanardağ ile ilgili / pertaining to a volcano
Dağ-et-mak >Dağıtmak = to distribute /to deal out / to deploy
Dağ-al-mak >Dağılmak = to get dispersed / to go to pieces
Dağ-la-mak = krater şekline çevirmek / cauterize
(Doğ-umak) = Doğmak = to come up / rising up / come into the world > to born
Doğ-ğur-mak= Doğurmak= to make this come up > bring this into the world > to give birth
Doğu=the direction where the sun comes up > East / 东方
(Doy-umak) = Doymak = to rise to the top / to be full
Doy-ğur-mak= Doyurmak=to satiate > to make it full > to feed
Tok= has peaked, satiate, full
(Tik) Dik= direct to endpoint / ~upright Dikey= vertical
Dik-uğru =Doğru = right direction = true
Diken= thorn
Dik-mek =to make directly them overlap each other at the endpoints > sew / sow
Doğa= upper surface structure of the earth > nature
Doku = surface structure, texture
Doku-mak=to weave (on the surface)
(Toku-en-mak) Dokunmak=to touch / to contact the surface of..
29+ tenses in turkish language
Istanbul Turkish verb conjugations
A= To (towards /~for) (for words with a thick vowel in the last syllable)
E= To (towards /~for) (for words with a thin vowel in the last syllable)
Okul=School
U (ou)=it’s that/ it’s about
Mak/Mek (umak/emek)= aim /exertion (machine/mechanism)(activity purpose / effort process)
Git-mek=(verb)= to Go /the effort of going> getmek =to get there
1 .present continuous tense (right now or soon, currently or nowadays)
Used to describe the current actions or planned events -for designated times
YOR-mak =to tire ( to try ,engage in) >Yor= go onto it too much (yorgunum=I’m tired)
A/E Yormak=(to arrive at any idea of what it is)
I/U Yormak=(to deal completely with)
used as the suffix=” ı/u - i/ü + Yor"
positive
Okula gidiyorsun ( you are going to school)= Okul-a Git-i-Yor-u-Sen >School-to Go-to-Try that-You < (please read backwards)
Evden geliyorum ( I'm coming from home) = Ev-de-en Gel-i-yor-u-Men >(from Home I’ try to Come) =Come-to-try that-Me Home-at-then<
negative
A) Mã= Not B) Değil= Un-equivalent
examples
A: Okula gitmiyorsun ( you’re not going to school)= Okul-a Git-Mã-i-yor-u-Sen >You don't try to Go to school
B: Okula gidiyor değilsin ( you aren’t going to school)=Okul-a Git-i-yor değil-sen >You aren't try..to Go to School
Question sentence:
Mã-u =Not-it> is not it?
Used as the suffixes =" Mı / Mu / Mi / Mü “
Okula mı gidiyorsun? ( Are you going to school )= Okul-a Mã-u Git-i-yor-u-sen (To-school/ Not-it / You-try-to-go)>Are you going to school or somewhere else?
Okula gidiyor musun? ( Do you go to school )= Okul-a Git-i-yor Mã-u-sen (To school /Try-to-go /Not-it-you)>~do You (try to) go to school (at specific times) or not ?
Okula sen mi gidiyorsun ?= Are you the (only) one going to school?
2 .simple extensive tense ( used to explain our own thoughts about the topic)
(always, since long , for a long time, sometimes, currently, sooner or later/ inşallah)
positive
VAR-mak = to arrive at /to attain
(var= ~being there) used as the suffixes >"Ar-ır-ur" (for thick vowel)
ER-mek= to get at /to reach
(er= ~achieve ) used as the suffixes >"Er-ir-ür" (for thin vowel)
examples
Okula gidersin (You get to go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-er-sen= You get (a chance) to go to school
Kuşlar gökyüzünde uçarlar=(~ Birds fly in the sky )=Kuş-lar gökyüzü-n’de uç-a-var(u-lar)= Birds have (likelihood) to fly in the sky = ~ Birds arrive by flying in the sky
Bunu görebilirler (They can see this) = Bu-n’u Gör-e-Bil-e-er-ler =~They get to be able to see what this is
Question sentence:
In interrogative sentences it means: isn't it so /what do you think about this topic?
Okula gider misin? (Do you get to go to school) Okul-a Git-e-er Mã-u-Sen =You get to Go to School -is Not it?=~What about you getting to go to school?
Okula mı gidersin? =Do you get to go to school or somewhere else?
negative
Mã= Not
Bas-mak =to tread on/ dwell on/ stand on (bas git=get out of here > pas geç= pass by> vazgeç=give up
Ez-mek = to crush/ to run over (ez geç= think nothing about > es geç= stop thinking about)
Mã-bas=(No-pass/ Na pas) > (give up on/not to dwell on) >the suffix "MAZ" (for thick vowel)
Mã-ez=(Don’t/ Doesn’t)> (to skip/ avoid) >the suffix "MEZ" (for thin vowel)
for the 1st person singular and 1st plural is only used the suffix “Mã” ,except for questions
examples
Okula gitmezsin (you don't/won't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-ez-sen > You skip going to school
Babam bunu yapmaz (my dad doesn't do this)= Baba-m bu-n’u yap-ma-bas > My dad doesn't dwell on doing this
Bugün okula gitmem (I won't go to school today)> Okul-a Git-mã-men =I don't (have to) go to school
Bugün okula gidemem (I can’t go to school today)= Okul-a Git-e-er-mã-men >I don't get (a chance) to go to school
Bir bardak su almaz mısınız (Don't you get a glass of water)> Bir fincan çay al-ma-bas ma-u-sen-iz > Do you (really) give up on getting a cup of tea?
Kimse senden (daha) hızlı koşamaz (Nobody can run faster than you)=Kimse sen-den daha hızlı kaş-a-al-ma-bas
3.simple future tense (soon or later)
Used to describe events that we are aiming for or think are in the future
Çak-mak =~to tack ,~fasten,~keep in mind ,~hit them together (for thick vowel)
Çek-mek=~to pull, ~take time, ~feel it inside, ~attract , ~to will (for thin vowel)
positive..
Okula gideceksin ( you'll go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-çek-sen = You fetch-keep (in mind) to-Go to school
Ali bu kapıyı açacak ( Ali’s gonna open this door)= Ali Kapı-y-ı Aç-a-çak = Ali takes (on his mind) to open the door
negative
A. Okula gitmeyeceksin (you won't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-e-çek-sen =You don't take (time) to go to school
B. Okula gidecek değilsin (you aren't gonna go to school)= Okul-a Git-e-çek değil-sen =~you won't go to school and nobody is demanding that you
4 . simple past tense (currently or before)
Used to explain the completed events we're sure about
Edû = done / Di = anymore
Used as the suffixes= (Dı /Di /Du/ Dü - Tı /Ti /Tu /Tü)
positive
Okula gittin = You went to school = Okul-a Git-di-N
Dün İstanbul'da kaldım= I stayed in Istanbul yesterday
Okula mı gittin ? (Did you go to school)= Okul-a Mã-u Git-di-n> You went to school or somewhere else?
Okula gittin mi ? (~Have you gone to school)= Okul-a Git-di-n Mã-u> You went to school or not?
negative
Okula gitmedin =You didn't go to school / Okul-a Git-mã-di-N
Bugün pazara gitmediler mi? =Didn't they go to the (open public) market today?
Dün çarşıya mı gittiniz? = where Did you go yesterday, to the (covered public) bazaar?
Akşamleyin bakkala (markete) gittik mi?= Did we go to the grocery store in the evening?
5 .narrative/reported past tense (just now or before)
Used to describe the completed events that we're unsure of
MUŞ-mak = ~to inform (muşu=perceive/notice muştu>müjde=evangel)
that means > I've been informed/ I heard/ I found out/ I noticed /I learned
used as the suffixes= (Mış/ Muş - Miş/ Müş)
positive
Okula gitmişsin= I heard you went to school> Okul-a Git-muş-u-sen
Yanlış birşey yapmışım=~I realized I did something wrong
negative
A. Okula gitmemişsin (I learned- you didn't go to school)= Okul-a Git-mã-miş-sen (I heard you haven't gone to school)
B. Okula gitmiş değilsin =(Apparently you haven't been to school) Okul-a Git--miş değil-sen
In a question sentence it means: Do you have any inform about- have you heard- are you aware -does it look like it?
İbrahim bugün okula gitmiş mi? =~Did you heard that Abraham has gone to school today?
İbrahim bugün okula mı gitmiş? =~Are you sure Abraham went to school today?
6.Okula varmak üzeresin =You're about to arrive at school
7.Okula gitmektesin (You're in (process of) going to school)= ~you’ve been going to school
8.Okula gitmekteydin =~You had been going to school =Okula gidiyor olmaktaydın
9.Okula gitmekteymişsin =I found out you've been going to school
10.Okula gidiyordun (Okula git-i-yor er-di-n) = You were going to school
11.Okula gidiyormuşsun (Okula git-i-yor er-miş-sen)=I noticed you were going to school (at the time/ now on)
12.Okula gidiyor olacaksın (Okula git-i-yor ol-a-çak-sen)= You’ll be going to school
13.Okula gitmekte olacaksın (Okula git-mek-de ol-a-çak-sen)= You’ll have been going to school
14.Okula gitmiş olacaksın (Okula git-miş ol-a-çak-sen)= You’ll have gone to school
15.Okula gidecektin (Okula git-e-çek er-di-n)=You were gonna go to school > I had thought you'd be going to school
16.Okula gidecekmişsin (Okula git-e-çek ermişsen)=I found out you're gonna go to school>~I hear you wanna go to school.
17.Okula giderdin ( Okula git-e-er erdin)=You used to go to school >~You'd have had a chance to go to school
18.Okula gidermişsin ( Okula git-e-er ermişsen)=I heard you used to go to school> I realized that you’d get to go to school
19.Okula gittiydin ( Okula git-di erdin)= I had seen you went to school >I remember you had gone to school
20.Okula gittiymişsin = I heard you went to school -but if what I heard is true
21.Okula gitmişmişsin = I heard you've been to school -but what I heard didn't sound very convincing
22.Okula gitmiştin (Okula git-miş er-di-n)= you had gone to school
23.Okula gitmiş oldun (Okula git-miş ol-du-n)= you have been to school
Dur-mak=to remain in the same way/order/layout
Durur=remains to exist / keeps being / seems such
used as the suffixes=(Dır- dir- dur- dür / Tır- tir-tur-tür)
(in official speeches these suffixes are used only for the 3rd singular and 3rd plural person)
its meaning in formal speeches> it has been and goes on like that
Bu Bir Elma = This is an apple
Bu bir elmadır= (bu bir elma-durur)= This is an apple (and keeps being)
Bu Bir Kitap = This is a book
Bu bir kitaptır= (bu bir kitap-durur)= This is a book (and keeps being)
informal meaning in everyday speech>it seems/ likely that/ remained so in my mind
Bu bir elmadır= (bu bir elma-durur)=It seems like- this is an apple
Bu bir kitaptır= (bu bir kitap-durur)=It's likely that -this is a book
Bu bir elma gibi duruyor=(looks like an apple this is )>This looks like an apple
Bu bir kitap gibi duruyor=This looks like a book
24.Okula gidiyordursun =(guess>likely-You were going to school
25.Okula gidiyorsundur =(I think> you are going to school
26.Okula gidecektirsin =(guess>likely- You would (gonna) go to school
27.Okula gideceksindir=(I think> You'll go to school
28.Okula gitmiştirsin =(guess >likely- You had gone to school
29.Okula gitmişsindir =(I think> You've been to school
Ba Ba = Baba / Apa / eba / abu /爸爸= Papa ( Pater > Father)
Na Na = Ana / Anne = 妈妈/ Ma Ma / Mom ( Mater > Mother)
Ne Ne = Nene / Nine = 奶奶/ Nanny (Grandmother) / Bög anne = big mama
Ta Ta = Ata / Dede =爷爷/ Grandfather / Bög baba = big father
Ka Ga = Aga / Keke (~steerer /beak) 哥哥/ aga bög > ağabey = big brother
Bir-ol-diger> Birader = (per-alter /pre-other > one other) =兄弟/ Brother
Ba ba la =Baba-la /apa-la /abula > Abla = older sister ( ~with father)
Ba ba chui = Bavoji > Bacı = younger sister ( ~loves father)
Ba ba cha = Apa-ça /abuja > emijae > Emmi / Amca =舅舅/ paternal uncle (~fatherly)
Tai U = Dayı = 叔叔/ maternal uncle ( nearest’s he )
Tai Thu =Taitsu> Teyze = maternal aunt / Dasy ( nearest’s that )
Çe Çe = Ece / Cece / 姐姐 / older sister
Mi Mi = Ümmü / Mimi / 妹妹 / younger sister or younger aunt (or little mom)
Bi Bi = Bibi / Hala = 姑姑/ paternal aunt
Pe Pe = Bebe / bebek =宝宝 / baby >>( sweetie > balak / bala )
Kayın ağacı = Beech tree >>>difficult pedigree = different family tree
Kayın peder / Kayın baba / Kaynata = father-in-law /公公
Kayın valide / Kayın anne / Kaynana = mother-in-law /婆婆
Kayın = brother in-law for women > Kayınçı / Kayınço = brother in-law for men
Baldız = sister-in-law /嫂子 ( honey- salt) wife's sister for men
Görümce = sister-in-law (~observer) husband's sister for women
Elti = Brother in-law's wife > just for women
Gelin = bride / 新娘 (~newcomer)
Nedime= the bride's assistant at the wedding and closest friend
Yenge = Brother's wife (~came over marriage)
Dünür= parents who are related to each other through their children's marriages (~ later relatives)
Güvey /Damat = groom /倌 / 马夫
Sağdıç (sağdeş) = The groom's assistant at the wedding and closest friend
Bacanak = sister-in-law's husband (each of the husbands of the sisters of your wife) just for men
Enişte = sisters or aunts husbands
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