Complex Analysis 1 | Introduction

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  • เผยแพร่เมื่อ 1 ก.พ. 2025

ความคิดเห็น • 163

  • @brightsideofmaths
    @brightsideofmaths  2 ปีที่แล้ว +11

    Please do the quiz to check if you have understood the topic in this video:
    thebrightsideofmathematics.com/courses/complex_analysis/overview/

  • @alute5532
    @alute5532 3 ปีที่แล้ว +19

    I swear your videos could literally bring me to a new higher order realms of being High!
    Danke

  • @ZanderzMcCluer
    @ZanderzMcCluer 3 ปีที่แล้ว +18

    I've been wanting to learn more about complex analysis for years now! My college campus sadly has no courses in this. Thank you so much!!!!

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      th-cam.com/video/Upvk1_M0B-k/w-d-xo.html😊

  • @ezzaddin9351
    @ezzaddin9351 3 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    Hey dude you are doing gods work here. I am in highschool and your explanations could not be more clear. Much thanks!

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @malawigw
    @malawigw 3 ปีที่แล้ว +71

    Finally! One of my fav subjects in math :) Been more than 10 years since I studied it, looking forward to recap some of the stuff here :) Happy new year!

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      th-cam.com/video/S8-97elM3ho/w-d-xo.html😊

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      th-cam.com/video/Upvk1_M0B-k/w-d-xo.html😊

  • @umbranocturna6342
    @umbranocturna6342 3 ปีที่แล้ว +57

    This could be a lifesaver, very unhappy with my current lectures.

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      th-cam.com/video/S8-97elM3ho/w-d-xo.html😊

    • @r58302
      @r58302 14 วันที่ผ่านมา

      im about to take the course in a week, kind of scared ngl

  • @joshuad.furumele365
    @joshuad.furumele365 3 ปีที่แล้ว +23

    I'm about to start my third yr in a couple of weeks, and I was so apprehensive about which modules to pick, especially Complex Analysis coz it sounded scary... But you made it sound so interesting, and it felt like a natural continuation of Real Analysis which was fun for me. Thank you. If I had any money I would defs support your channel💕

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      th-cam.com/video/Upvk1_M0B-k/w-d-xo.html😊

  • @PunmasterSTP
    @PunmasterSTP 3 ปีที่แล้ว +6

    Introduction? More like "Unmitigated instruction!" This lecture was jam-packed with information, and I loved watching every second of it. Thanks for making and uploading these wonderful videos!

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

    • @PunmasterSTP
      @PunmasterSTP 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@chessplayer5728 Hey, quick math is good! Btw, do you like chess by any chance? 😎

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@PunmasterSTP yesss

    • @PunmasterSTP
      @PunmasterSTP 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@chessplayer5728 I played it a bit back in high-school, though I was never very good. Do you go to tournaments and play ranked matches?

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@PunmasterSTP No:( , I play chess online. Why did you think you were never very good?

  • @thesorrowfulhero6981
    @thesorrowfulhero6981 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    *Holomorphic functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations, integration, zeroes of analytic functions, Cauchy
    formulas, maximum modulus theorem, open mapping theorem, Louville’s theorem, poles and sin-
    gularities, residues and contour integration, conformal maps, Rouche’s theorem, Morera’s theorem*. These are some topics I'd love to see being covered in this course. Thank you for making this series 🙏🙏

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

      Thanks! All these topics are on my list :)

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @realAhmedAbdElGhany
    @realAhmedAbdElGhany 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    waiting for this to complete, that's so awesome i can't even believe my eyes, please keep going !!!

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @stephenkormanyos766
    @stephenkormanyos766 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Superb. Concise and straight forward foundational presentation. I wish I had your videos when I studied math 25 years ago.
    Cheers!
    Steve K.

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you very much :)

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @punditgi
    @punditgi 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Complex analysis made clear at last! Hurrah!

  • @ДанилПетров-ф8к
    @ДанилПетров-ф8к 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hello. I'm from Russia. You are very good at explaining math. Came across your channel. Then I was very interested to see something unusual in the sense of how the same mathematics is taught in other countries.
    p.s. Sorry for my English.

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @Duskull666
    @Duskull666 3 ปีที่แล้ว +10

    If only this playlist was made 2 semesters ago T_T
    I'll be sure to watch it when i retake this course to improve my grade in the near future :)

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Watch the latest video of wishing happy new year in the language of Mathematics
      th-cam.com/video/lqVEgVea4Dg/w-d-xo.html

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      th-cam.com/video/S8-97elM3ho/w-d-xo.html😊

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @pinklady7184
    @pinklady7184 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    *HAPPY NEW YEAR.*
    Thank you for continually making videos.

  • @DanjumahAnnurat
    @DanjumahAnnurat 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I don't know who you are though,but I want to say a very big thank you for helping me out this midnight for my test tomorrow...God bless you

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  5 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Glad I could help! And thanks for the support!

  • @akrishna1729
    @akrishna1729 3 ปีที่แล้ว +4

    Happy new year! I was just checking your channel after having found it recently to see if you had any lectures on the subject, really excited to see this series from you!

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      th-cam.com/video/S8-97elM3ho/w-d-xo.html😊

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @TheJimmyTron500
    @TheJimmyTron500 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    I've finished my complex analysis course last year and I'm so happy that I came across your channel! The videos are very informative and concise and present the subject very well. I can't wait to see more!

  • @NewDeal1917
    @NewDeal1917 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Your videos are among the best on the TH-cam simply for the reason you take time to motivate the definitions and provide clear examples of their use and concstruction. That really shows the vast majority of difficulties for students learning math lies not only in how complicated the ideas are, but in how poorly the subject is handled. Waiting forward with great anticipation!
    Btw, do you think it'd be useful to get some inspiration from Rudin and begin using topolog-ish terms like compactness, perfectness etc. to simplify the theorems and properties in the long run? What is your view on that!
    Have a wonderful year, thanks for all the content!

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Thank you very much :)

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      th-cam.com/video/S8-97elM3ho/w-d-xo.html😊

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

    • @Schnitzel_23
      @Schnitzel_23 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@chessplayer5728 stop spamming this everywhere

  • @sanjursan
    @sanjursan 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Ok, does this guy just keep getting better, or ... am I getting better just from watching this guy?

    • @Hold_it
      @Hold_it 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      Why not both? :)

    • @malawigw
      @malawigw 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      The entire world gets better!

    • @alute5532
      @alute5532 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      We both get better when we wrote with our lovely professor

  • @henrywoo1668
    @henrywoo1668 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Have been waiting for this topic for long time !
    Happy new year!

  • @arunjayaraman6917
    @arunjayaraman6917 3 ปีที่แล้ว +30

    I wish I discovered your series while taking Real Analysis. But it is okay because now I watch your videos for fun! By the way, what software do you use to make and draw over your videos?

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 ปีที่แล้ว +7

      Thanks! I use the old and free software Xournal :)

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Watch the latest video of wishing happy new year in the language of Mathematics
      th-cam.com/video/lqVEgVea4Dg/w-d-xo.html

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      th-cam.com/video/S8-97elM3ho/w-d-xo.html😊

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @carlkpsplucky5554
    @carlkpsplucky5554 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thanks so much, almost have my degree in IT, just need to pass this class. Loved your explanations on the functions.

  • @tmendoza6
    @tmendoza6 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Thank you! very excited for this series

    • @l.s.1078
      @l.s.1078 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      same

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @nihilistbookclub5370
    @nihilistbookclub5370 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    hey! i'm taking this class this semester! perfect timing!

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      th-cam.com/video/S8-97elM3ho/w-d-xo.html😊

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      th-cam.com/video/Upvk1_M0B-k/w-d-xo.html😊

  • @thesorrowfulhero6981
    @thesorrowfulhero6981 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    Thank you for making this, I really needed this

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @umaraderibigbe6922
    @umaraderibigbe6922 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hi,
    I am really grateful to you for coming up with these educative videos. I and my friend who recommended me to this channel both got a B in this very challenging course thanks to your videos. Is there a way to donate a token in appreciation?
    Thanks.

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you very much! I have an overview page for donations :) tbsom.de/s/support

  • @mertunsal1389
    @mertunsal1389 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    very excited for the new series!

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @kingplunger1
    @kingplunger1 20 วันที่ผ่านมา

    I study physics and in a recent lecture for mechanics and GR I saw, continuity was defined based on the topological spaces of domain and range of the maps.
    Roughly
    f: M -> N continuous if: For all V element Top_N : preimage_f(V) element Top_M
    How is that version related to the continuity based on sequences, that doesn't mention the topological spaces on domain and range ?
    Edit: Based on the next lecture I assume we use some form of the standard topology ?

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  20 วันที่ผ่านมา +1

      Yes, standard topology given by the absolute value of C. More general topology is covered in my manifolds series.

  • @alacaleb1940
    @alacaleb1940 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    My stress in maths are finally over. Thanks for the video

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @barrybai5123
    @barrybai5123 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    I needed this 2 months ago! Great material!

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Sorry :) I have so many ideas for videos that I am not so quick with all the courses.

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @jacquelinengandwe4461
    @jacquelinengandwe4461 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    I look forward in learning more about complex analysis

  • @dlevi67
    @dlevi67 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you, and a belated Happy New Year!

  • @FioDavid767
    @FioDavid767 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Hi, I hope you read this. I was throwed into the deep in maths right now. I am trying to re-pick my fundamentals. I need to learn complex analysis and I finished Set theory and complex numbers. You mentioned that It could be helpful to learn continuous and differentiable function + power series. Are there more video's that I should watch in the real analysis video's? My exam should be in 3 months. I am full grind mode. I would appreciate if someone can help me, so that I don't watch 60 video's on real analysis. Thanks!!

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  2 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thank you very much! You can just start with the complex analysis series. I always mentions what you should know from real analysis.

    • @Adam-sl9qc
      @Adam-sl9qc 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      How’s your exam

    • @FioDavid767
      @FioDavid767 2 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@Adam-sl9qc I dropped the course lol

  • @vivicalviv
    @vivicalviv 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    You are my hero!

  • @afzalsoomro7950
    @afzalsoomro7950 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wow really really amazing video i ever saw on complex analysis 🤩 really lovely. Can you suggest book for Complex analysis .. so that i will follow that book along with your lectures to understand Complex analysis in detail😁
    Thanks

  • @NoNTr1v1aL
    @NoNTr1v1aL 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Amazing video!

  • @gutzimmumdo4910
    @gutzimmumdo4910 2 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    do you cover the residue theorem in this course? thanks

  • @nilmonikarak2773
    @nilmonikarak2773 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Really nice presentation.

  • @AJ-et3vf
    @AJ-et3vf 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    awesome video! Thank you!

  • @darthtleilaxu4021
    @darthtleilaxu4021 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Merci ! Ca me rappelle ma jeunesse à l'université à Paris.

  • @siyuanruan3404
    @siyuanruan3404 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you so much!

  • @Sarah-pu8un
    @Sarah-pu8un ปีที่แล้ว

    Enorm hilfreich, danke!

  • @aisack1588
    @aisack1588 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Por favor has videos de Geometría Diferencial. Amo tus videos. ❤️

  • @justinjames2436
    @justinjames2436 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    taking complex analysis this fall.

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      Yeah! Have fun and please use my course as well :)

  • @stijncousin4891
    @stijncousin4891 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    subbed! this is great

  • @oskaradolfson7450
    @oskaradolfson7450 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Wow! You made a great introduction! When will the next video be uploaded? :)

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Thanks! I am working on the upcoming videos. Maybe in this week, the next one will be uploaded :)

    • @MrAlRats
      @MrAlRats 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      I hope each video in the sequence of videos will be uploaded with closer and closer time intervals between them.

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      @@MrAlRats The time intervals will converge :)

  • @remlatzargonix1329
    @remlatzargonix1329 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Thank you!

  • @B0sTonCeltics20534
    @B0sTonCeltics20534 ปีที่แล้ว

    Should I take Real Analysis before taking Complex Analysis?

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  ปีที่แล้ว

      Not necessarily. It is definitely helpful to understand all the objects involved. However, while watching the Complex Analysis course, you can always go back to the corresponding videos of the Real Analysis class.

  • @j.adrianriosa.4163
    @j.adrianriosa.4163 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    Is the real analysis required to follow this series?

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

      No, not the complete series is required. However, some important definitions and facts from Real Analysis we will need.

  • @yaolu9970
    @yaolu9970 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Fantastic!

  • @ARABELAFRATEA
    @ARABELAFRATEA 2 ปีที่แล้ว

    Hello!How many parts is gonna have the entire course?

  • @lagrangian143
    @lagrangian143 3 ปีที่แล้ว +2

    lol is the next series on quaternionic analysis?

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Historically, there was some interest in quaternionic analysis but I don't think that it deserve a whole video series here ;)

    • @lagrangian143
      @lagrangian143 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@brightsideofmaths lol yeah no one likes things not commuting, also i love your videos, they're super helpful and really well made, thank you.
      also your accent is awesome :)

  • @josephatmbuya3328
    @josephatmbuya3328 ปีที่แล้ว +1

    please help me solve this:
    find the cube root of the complex number z=-1+i

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  ปีที่แล้ว +1

      Yeah, I have a video about that.

    • @josephatmbuya3328
      @josephatmbuya3328 ปีที่แล้ว

      @@brightsideofmaths may you share it's link please.

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  ปีที่แล้ว

      @@josephatmbuya3328 Yeah, you can just check the explanation here: th-cam.com/video/7w0mdxbisbo/w-d-xo.html

  • @PURULUMK
    @PURULUMK ปีที่แล้ว

    Are you some kind of god??
    Awesome videos!!

  • @richardpatove4587
    @richardpatove4587 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

    fine but sometimes cannot follow due to subtitles that you are writing downside

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  2 หลายเดือนก่อน +2

      You can move them :)

    • @richardpatove4587
      @richardpatove4587 2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@brightsideofmathsyeah might be true on computers but in iphone i think i am not able to :(

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  2 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@richardpatove4587 But there, you can just turn the subtitles off.

  • @duchengp2422
    @duchengp2422 3 ปีที่แล้ว +3

    hooray!!!!! complex analysis!!!!!

    • @l.s.1078
      @l.s.1078 3 ปีที่แล้ว +1

      yes!!!!! Complex analysis is my favorite topic

  • @kitstudent4446
    @kitstudent4446 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    awesome!

  • @nabilhamri2902
    @nabilhamri2902 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    thank u

  • @realAhmedAbdElGhany
    @realAhmedAbdElGhany 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Would you please discuss these topics ( analytic polynomials, prop that a polynomial is analytic if py = ipx proof , a complex valued function is said to be differentiable at z if lim f(z+h) - f(z) / h exists proof, power series, power series convergence in z, theories on the last part) i hope if you simplify it from this book at ch2 " Joseph Bak, Donald J. Newman Complex analysis 2010"

    • @chandranichaki9580
      @chandranichaki9580 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Watch the latest video of wishing happy new year in the language of Mathematics
      th-cam.com/video/lqVEgVea4Dg/w-d-xo.html

    • @chessplayer5728
      @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @aliagree8448
    @aliagree8448 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Usefull

  • @lacasadeacero
    @lacasadeacero 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    make zeta=e^(2pi*i*t)

  • @ddcddc_
    @ddcddc_ 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    I thought this was a chain bear video about F1

  • @capsade
    @capsade 4 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I don't even take complex analysis i just wanted to see it💀

  • @Voice-OverM
    @Voice-OverM 3 หลายเดือนก่อน

    can you add arabic translation pleaseeee?

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 หลายเดือนก่อน

      I cannot do that. But the GitHub is open for everyone to add these translations.

  • @Mercytidbug
    @Mercytidbug 5 หลายเดือนก่อน

    wow

  • @hachemmarzouk513
    @hachemmarzouk513 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Trivial

  • @lume.3887
    @lume.3887 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    How in the world are these videos free...

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  3 ปีที่แล้ว

      Since I see me as an ambassador of free education, everything here is available for everyone in the world. However, you can support me if you like the stuff I do :)

  • @planetsharks4746
    @planetsharks4746 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

    I'm too dumb for this 😢

    • @brightsideofmaths
      @brightsideofmaths  6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      No, no. I really doubt that. Just start with my other series first: tbsom.de/s/slm

    • @planetsharks4746
      @planetsharks4746 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@brightsideofmaths Ok

    • @planetsharks4746
      @planetsharks4746 6 หลายเดือนก่อน

      @@brightsideofmaths Thank you

  • @chessplayer5728
    @chessplayer5728 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Le me who just knows 2+2 is 4, minus 1 thats 3 quick math: Noice

  • @antoniomantovani3147
    @antoniomantovani3147 3 ปีที่แล้ว

    Almost nothing