If you enjoyed this, watch Sean's first lecture in this series here: th-cam.com/video/BRudidBcfXk/w-d-xo.html and buy his book here: geni.us/BrCs You can also watch the Q&A for this talk by signing up as one of our Science Supporters: th-cam.com/video/HNfEBxaJd-I/w-d-xo.html
@@jolly-rancher why? What did i do? I just was wondering about if that person knew or remmberd carl segan too, i was curious about his opinion, so what did i do wrong?
@@amerhamed Carl Sagan was undoubtedly a great scientist and science communicator, but Sean is much more approachable, as in, he's much closer to his audience. Listening to him is like talking to an old friend, a fellow scientist, eye-to-eye, not professor-to-student. I'm a scientist myself, and while I don't agree with everything he says (but with the vast majority of it), I do appreciate his tone, his openness to different fields, and his efforts to include his community in his podcast. His monthly AMAs are often 3+ hours long. He just seems to be a genuinely great human being (albeit being a bit too American for my liking - but I guess having been raised in such a country does rub off even on the brightest of minds).
How amazing is it to live in a world in which (a) a platform like TH-cam exists to directly disseminate information in a way that I never could have dreamed of as a child, (b) popularizing scientists explain ideas w/ visual references, and (c) Sean Carroll exists! Love it!!!
@@RogerRosenquist Nature. You would, of course, have to study it to notice that there are very significant differences between physical reality and the things Sean Carroll tells you about it. Which you won't.... that takes a lot of work. Fanboyism is so much easier than actual science. ;-)
This is by far, by a long stretch on of the best dissertation about QTF. The way he explains and dissects perhaps one of the most compelled subjects is nothing but amazing! For us, enthusiast of Physics and mathematics but not physicist is priceless!
@@rayn_0ff No doubt about that rack_off. He owes everyone in here an apology. I have a PhD but you will never see me publicly making a grand supreme qualification announcement on any forum - even if I do indeed have a PhD. I would never use my PhD is such a blatantly commercial and egotistical manner. It’s my PhD and it only relates to my overall level of excellence and supreme geniuosity. My PhD qualification is really nobody else’s business- it’s my PhD. If you look at my academic qualification certificate it has my name on it - clear as day. Doctor of Philosophy - it’s written there right next to my name. It’s MY PhD ladies and gentlemen. (too much? 😁)
Prof. Sean Carroll is one of the very few absolutely brilliant Science Communicators in the World! Loved the talk and I am going to buy Vol 2 as well! I already have Vol 1.
Bravo! Great podcast video. I'm sending this to my grandchildren to watch. You explain science so clearly that it draws the viewer into the subject. I'm sitting on my seat as I watch. Thank you for such a good video.
I think this is the 4th iteration of this presentation that I've seen, and it is definitely the best! Sean, you are such a great communicator! I have listened to every Mindscape Podcast you have done, and The Greatest Ideas in the Universe series got me through Covid. I'm an English teacher by training, and have spent about 25 years helping people understand difficult concepts. My specialty is Adult English Language Learning for Academics, Business and Special Purposes, which brings me into contact with people in all kinds of disciplines, like Engineering, Biology, Medicine and very occasionaly Physics. I had an opportunity not too long ago to have a fairly in-depth conversation with a PhD student about Quantum Physics and he couldn't understand how I knew so much about a topic that is usually restricted only to those who have studied it at some length. So, kudos to you for giving me the foundation to engage with people with whom I otherwise would not be able to engage. To be able to ask the right questions and learn as much from my students as I pass on to them.
Def my favorite science communicator, brilliant speaker! I'm psyched to be a mindscape patreon supporter for him, it's on my to do list. Priority question is def gonna be "Doesn't your wife ever tell you to get a haircut"? Thanks for all your fine work in public education.
JUST A THOUGHT. If gravity is still a problem, however we know it is the curvature of spacetime, not a force. Why not look for gravity inside quantum mechanics instead of outside. Gluons hold quarks together with the most strong force we know, hence the name. Neutron stars are as close as possible neutrons can be packed together, that means that the gluons are packed in a small part of spacetime. Gluons don't only make 99% of the mass (E=MC2) of the celestial body, but also most or the volume now. So, gluons make spacetime curve extremely and start to rule. When a star collapsed itself into a blackhole gluons did the work: extreme curvature. Is a blackhole nothing else than gluons' grip on spacetime and therefore are the fabric of blackholes? Everything has to follow the closed loop curvature of spacetime now, including light. All straight lines are now closed loops and give rise to 'nothings escapes'.
In “Something Deeply Hidden,” Dr. Carroll presents the case that Everett’s Universal Wavefunction (Many Worlds) is the simplest explanation for our quantum mechanical observations. It is easy to understand and to me convincing. I highly recommended it. He is a marvelous teacher in print and in speech.
@@xBINARYGODxMany worlds just accepts the math, it doesn't add a sketchy idea like wave function collapse that we made up. Einstein's math predicted black holes, and some scientists tried to make them go away by making stuff up. They were wrong, black holes are real. Carrol just asks, why not accept the math?
@@MarkAhlquist When does it branch then? My point is that many worlds doesn't do away with the issue of wave function collapse. You still have to explain when a branch happens and why
The biggest ideas in the universe from the vast scales of cosmology to the mind-bending phenomena in quantum mechanics-reshape our understanding of reality in ways that challenge our everyday experience. Quantum mechanics, with its concepts of superposition, entanglement, and the uncertainty principle, reveals a universe that operates in ways we can barely comprehend. It’s incredible how particles can exist in multiple states at once or influence each other instantly across vast distances, suggesting that at the most fundamental level, reality is far stranger than it appears. If quantum mechanics shows us that reality is probabilistic and interconnected at a fundamental level, what does that mean for our understanding of space, time, and causality in the broader universe?
15:52 No. 0.In fact, the string is discrete and it is this property of the string that determines the formation of harmonics. 1. It is easy to verify this, since the formation of overtones depends on the place of sound production. 2. If you produce sound in the middle of the string, you will get only the first harmonic, that is, the sound is an octave higher than the main tone, and there will be no other overtones. 3. Accordingly, if we extract the sound in ⅓ part, we get both an octave and a fifth, if in ¼, then an octave, a fifth and an overtone two octaves higher than the main tone, we get all the previous ones and a large third, and so on. 4.The natural scale begins with the ⅛ part, which is practically a major scale (after “calibration”, of course). By the way, this is not temperament: the chromatic scale is obtained by artificially dividing the octave into 12 equal parts according to the parameter 2^1/12~ 1,059. 5. Interestingly, it was Kepler's laws that inspired Mersenne to create “string theory” at the beginning of the XVII century, as well as music theory.
14:56 having figured out how natural and artificial harmonics work on my own, and having a huge respect for Dr. Carroll, it feels wonderful for his view to categorize me as an "expert guitar player".
The universe, expressing it's ' love ' by being complex and demanding from you is a brilliant approach. Paul Erdos used to solve the MATHS ! and then demand you find the , 'elegant solution ' to whatever proof you were pursuing. Two tremendous approaches to problem solving. You are trying to work it out Because! It is difficult to do so . Achieve that , then dig further , a really healthy approach.
I have watched endless lectures, including many by Sean Carroll, about symmetry/gauge theory, and while I feel I am slowly grasping it, there is a level of technical abstraction which I think I cannot reach without the actual mathematics involved. One central question which remains to me is: why does this invariance actually *matter*? I understand the idea of something staying the same when rotating some field(s), but the physical implications of why that matters continues to escape me. There is some connection to symmetry breaking and the particles that carry forces, but it gets hazy at that point> Still, great talk.
OK, so the Higgs boson is a rocky road that slows everything down. Where did it get its energy, what interaction forms mass in condensate, why would it follow in the flow of gravity to any other concentration of mass? And if so, from where?
"Gauge feild added." I just can't.. Why make it so convoluted? It's just a reference frame. Any measurement needs a definition of what the measurement is measured FROM. Measurements are taken relative to this.
I like trying to understand abstract concepts, and they don't get much more abstract than the role of symmetry in particle physics. A lot of talks I've seen just mention symmetry in passing, so it's great to take a whole hour just looking at how it connects to the rest of the structure of the Standard Model.
Physicists should rethink “at rest.” It doesn’t exist and is just an artifact of choosing a coordinate frame, not a system property. What a system actually experiences is acceleration. Photon frequency is another artifact of coordinates that comes from the Doppler effect. Imagine an empty universe with one photon. What is its frequency?
that's why energy can only be explained as an abstract. physical energy does not exist, only in forms associated with matter and the fundamental forces. Physical existence is the source of energy.
Not only the rest mass, all their concept is weird, because they has no idea of the fundamental elements. How they can make theory or calculate anything when they do not know what Space is, Time, Electromagnetism, Polarity, Physical Attraction... How they can explain the Universe, when they do not know why two magnets attracting each other? There is a break thru but not from "Them" - from independent science - the book - "Theory of Everything in Physics and The Universe"
"When the University of Chicago denied tenure to cosmologist Sean Carroll in 2006, he was caught off guard." (He also failed to achieve tenure at Cal Tech.) 😅😊
50:29: "We can claim with very high confidence that there are no particles and forces that we haven't yet discovered that have any role whatsoever in your life (...), but I mean literally in your brain, in your biology. There's no new particle or field that is affecting the firing of neurons in your brain".
So there are no particles affecting the neurons or the electrons fired by neurons in your brain. And there's people that can say they know this for sure. 🤦
if you rotate an equilateral triangle less than 60 degrees it looks different. Why do we have to start with symmetry. It is just a mathematical constraint that we introduced that neglects other ways of looking at it.
A universe with symmetry and breaking of symmetry is a functional universe, that has more probability of being in existence. A universe with just symmetry is a static one, you could say a dead one, where nothing is gonna evolve, also one that can exist, but more rare that the first one, and anyway won't be anyone in it to notice it. A universe without symmetry is one that is a very chaotic, instabil , and is more prone to decay or evolve into the first tipe of universe presented. Simply, put it, our universe with symmetry and breaking of symmetry has more probability to exist.
It looks to me that a lot of the biggest idea in modern quantum mechanics come from Einstein original insights to negate them. Then people refine them , formalize it and become staples in the theory
It seems to me that the interface that we interact with is described by classical physics. The construct that holds up the interface is described (incompletely) by quantum mechanics.
Superb, as always from Professor Carroll. It is such a gift to be able to explain incredibly complicated ideas in accessible and digestible ways. Thank you for helping me appreciate our best current knowledge about how nature put this all together
It sounds like quantum fields work a lot like actual pixels. In reality pixels are voltages. And voltages are continuous. But it needs to reach a certain threshold for it to flip from off to on. Or from off to a predefined brightness level as per binary representation of the possible voltage values. So although the voltage is continuous in reality you'll only see it as certain allowed values. So pixels are probably a pretty good analogy to use that's even better than the waiter. And it seems that computers work similar to quantum fields - at a lower level the binary disappears into continuous voltages.
The best episode of discussing particle physics, but surprised to hear that all particles have been discovered, a huge assumption (5:28). The analogy of brain particles in explaining it is hard to understand.
Not all particles, just those in a certain energy range. For example, magnetic monopoles, if they should exist, would be so massive they wouldn't play any role in our everyday lives.
My question would be: why is there a terrain at all that the waiter has to worry about, and why does the universe allow hills in this terrain to manifest as effecting the particles motion, rather than any other aspect?
I just began, but I hope Shawn goes on to explain how these tremendous and lesser energies were/are imparted to the quantum environment. A wound clock will unwind and a river will run dry without renewal. How can a mating nucleus and surrounding gravity inflow maintain its resonant or circulation layers with constant separation without constant collisions and frictions wearing them down? Quantum specs may be isolated from a rotating universe, but in an unevenly-distributed gravity field that spans a billion or so light years, they are not unrelated with their own power supply, are they? Hope your calculus figures sin that in the same blender.
Maybe the gauge boson paragraphs touch on that holistic effect? But do various quark colors affect their host? Is that a resonant imbalance that compliments or contradicts the fields of its neighbors?
EM/gravitational field irregularity is a great tie-in. But gyroscopic precession is force conversion within particle behaviors and interactions too? A bumpy landscape can interfere with neighbors’ survey stakes?
So, there is no gluon-like force binding our universe together, other than gravity seas, yet in the absence of depth there is a formula for field density? And atomic spheres are isolated from the resonance of greater gravity and its celestial orbital motions? All are at rest, barring some inevitable overload in one system of the ‘grid’ or another?
So quarks and antiquarks are the same unit, but matter/gravity are not? The symbiosis is hard to escape. If Einstein released strong field energy, he didn’t mention how to avoid it or prevent it?
Can we just focus on the actual physics? Sean spends his time in this video on "gauge symmetry", which is not physical but a redundancy in certain mathematical formalisms. Why is this the point to focus on in presentations to the general public?
That did explain a few things. I'd probably have to watch this many times to understand better, and still, much of it would still be hard to understand. You mention graviton like it is a real thing. Last I heard some were only guessing as to its existence. Did they find one in any experiment?
When a plasma ball touches your finger the gas "collapses" into a filament. A quantum interaction wavefunction collapse would be analogous right? Does anyone have any references that explain the math/physics of a plasma ball?
could i just say i love sean and everything he is talking about but how is it 2024 and we have a zoom call lecture in 480p being uploaded to the RI channel like please we know u can do better
Someone just proved the many world theory is wrong and solved quantum mechanics incompleteness. These 3 people are about to publish results I read about in a seminar. Saddly for Sean Caroll :)
MWI has always been trivially wrong. You can find the mistake in the second sentence of Everett's thesis. No math needed. You read that nonsense and you know immediately that Everett didn't understand physics. ;-)
the waiter analogy confuses me. the topological map is the gauge field and the orientation of the tray in relation to the ground represents the orientation of the colors for any given quark when you compare them? what does the force being applied to the waiter represent? is that the force carrying particle? what does that have to do with comparing quark colors? is the waiter the force carrier since he is moving to different tables? r the tables the quarks?
If you enjoyed this, watch Sean's first lecture in this series here: th-cam.com/video/BRudidBcfXk/w-d-xo.html and buy his book here: geni.us/BrCs You can also watch the Q&A for this talk by signing up as one of our Science Supporters: th-cam.com/video/HNfEBxaJd-I/w-d-xo.html
Sean Carroll is my favorite science communicator of all time.
What about carl sagan? There are luctures too here on youtube if you've never heard of him
@@amerhamed stop embarrassing yourself
@@jolly-rancher why? What did i do? I just was wondering about if that person knew or remmberd carl segan too, i was curious about his opinion, so what did i do wrong?
@@amerhamed Carl Sagan was undoubtedly a great scientist and science communicator, but Sean is much more approachable, as in, he's much closer to his audience. Listening to him is like talking to an old friend, a fellow scientist, eye-to-eye, not professor-to-student. I'm a scientist myself, and while I don't agree with everything he says (but with the vast majority of it), I do appreciate his tone, his openness to different fields, and his efforts to include his community in his podcast. His monthly AMAs are often 3+ hours long. He just seems to be a genuinely great human being (albeit being a bit too American for my liking - but I guess having been raised in such a country does rub off even on the brightest of minds).
Agree
How amazing is it to live in a world in which (a) a platform like TH-cam exists to directly disseminate information in a way that I never could have dreamed of as a child, (b) popularizing scientists explain ideas w/ visual references, and (c) Sean Carroll exists! Love it!!!
Yes, he is very good at spreading false information, too. ;-)
@@lepidoptera9337 What is your proof of that?
@@RogerRosenquist Nature. You would, of course, have to study it to notice that there are very significant differences between physical reality and the things Sean Carroll tells you about it. Which you won't.... that takes a lot of work. Fanboyism is so much easier than actual science. ;-)
This is by far, by a long stretch on of the best dissertation about QTF. The way he explains and dissects perhaps one of the most compelled subjects is nothing but amazing! For us, enthusiast of Physics and mathematics but not physicist is priceless!
Brilliant talk! I am PhD student in mathematical physics and I can confirm Prof Carroll has done a fantastic job of making this subject accessible!
Don't even think you can or are allowed to confirm or deny anything just because you're a phd student. Keep your ego in check.
@@rayn_0ff well said!
@@rayn_0ff
No doubt about that rack_off.
He owes everyone in here an apology.
I have a PhD but you will never see me publicly making a grand supreme qualification announcement on any forum - even if I do indeed have a PhD. I would never use my PhD is such a blatantly commercial and egotistical manner. It’s my PhD and it only relates to my overall level of excellence and supreme geniuosity. My PhD qualification is really nobody else’s business- it’s my PhD. If you look at my academic qualification certificate it has my name on it - clear as day. Doctor of Philosophy - it’s written there right next to my name.
It’s MY PhD ladies and gentlemen.
(too much? 😁)
Prof. Sean Carroll is one of the very few absolutely brilliant Science Communicators in the World! Loved the talk and I am going to buy Vol 2 as well! I already have Vol 1.
This has to be one of my favorite physics videos of all time. More please with this level of explanation!
This was fascinating. Sean's voice is very calming, which helps me when he is talking about difficult ideas.
Love that you have a 4 string bass in the background Dr. Carroll. Musical analogies help me tremendously in understanding particle physics.
If I had been in the same room as Carroll I would have stood up and applauded after this explanation, I understood so many topics.
I can't believe I actually understood this by the end. He's a brilliant teacher.
Sean Carroll is one of the best teachers. Thank you so much.
Bravo! Great podcast video. I'm sending this to my grandchildren to watch. You explain science so clearly that it draws the viewer into the subject. I'm sitting on my seat as I watch. Thank you for such a good video.
He loves his subject and this it's contagious! He also has a good inner compass. I like it!
I think this is the 4th iteration of this presentation that I've seen, and it is definitely the best! Sean, you are such a great communicator! I have listened to every Mindscape Podcast you have done, and The Greatest Ideas in the Universe series got me through Covid. I'm an English teacher by training, and have spent about 25 years helping people understand difficult concepts. My specialty is Adult English Language Learning for Academics, Business and Special Purposes, which brings me into contact with people in all kinds of disciplines, like Engineering, Biology, Medicine and very occasionaly Physics. I had an opportunity not too long ago to have a fairly in-depth conversation with a PhD student about Quantum Physics and he couldn't understand how I knew so much about a topic that is usually restricted only to those who have studied it at some length. So, kudos to you for giving me the foundation to engage with people with whom I otherwise would not be able to engage. To be able to ask the right questions and learn as much from my students as I pass on to them.
Amazing video! The analogy of the waiter to explain gauge simmetries is really nice!
Excellent professor and superb lecturer - there is always something new to learn from him.
He's the best public communicator. I love every one of his books, including his textbook
This is a talk that gives excitement and understanding. Prof SC has always made quantum physics flow to gain momentum and become solid (memorable)
I was planning on watching five minutes and going to bed. Well o got sucked in and watched the whole thing 😂 Great lecture. Thank you very much
Def my favorite science communicator, brilliant speaker!
I'm psyched to be a mindscape patreon supporter for him, it's on my to do list.
Priority question is def gonna be "Doesn't your wife ever tell you to get a haircut"?
Thanks for all your fine work in public education.
Have the books - looking forward to this ....
JUST A THOUGHT. If gravity is still a problem, however we know it is the curvature of spacetime, not a force. Why not look for gravity inside quantum mechanics instead of outside. Gluons hold quarks together with the most strong force we know, hence the name. Neutron stars are as close as possible neutrons can be packed together, that means that the gluons are packed in a small part of spacetime. Gluons don't only make 99% of the mass (E=MC2) of the celestial body, but also most or the volume now. So, gluons make spacetime curve extremely and start to rule. When a star collapsed itself into a blackhole gluons did the work: extreme curvature. Is a blackhole nothing else than gluons' grip on spacetime and therefore are the fabric of blackholes? Everything has to follow the closed loop curvature of spacetime now, including light. All straight lines are now closed loops and give rise to 'nothings escapes'.
People are looking, but it's not in there. ;-)
In “Something Deeply Hidden,” Dr. Carroll presents the case that Everett’s Universal Wavefunction (Many Worlds) is the simplest explanation for our quantum mechanical observations. It is easy to understand and to me convincing. I highly recommended it. He is a marvelous teacher in print and in speech.
many worlds barely counts as a hypothesis so anything based on it is very sketchy
What causes a world to split?
@@xBINARYGODxMany worlds just accepts the math, it doesn't add a sketchy idea like wave function collapse that we made up.
Einstein's math predicted black holes, and some scientists tried to make them go away by making stuff up. They were wrong, black holes are real.
Carrol just asks, why not accept the math?
@@MandragaraThe wave function math simply says that these 'branches' exist. The idea of anything 'splitting' is made up by humans.
@@MarkAhlquist When does it branch then? My point is that many worlds doesn't do away with the issue of wave function collapse. You still have to explain when a branch happens and why
The biggest ideas in the universe from the vast scales of cosmology to the mind-bending phenomena in quantum mechanics-reshape our understanding of reality in ways that challenge our everyday experience. Quantum mechanics, with its concepts of superposition, entanglement, and the uncertainty principle, reveals a universe that operates in ways we can barely comprehend. It’s incredible how particles can exist in multiple states at once or influence each other instantly across vast distances, suggesting that at the most fundamental level, reality is far stranger than it appears. If quantum mechanics shows us that reality is probabilistic and interconnected at a fundamental level, what does that mean for our understanding of space, time, and causality in the broader universe?
What a talented fellow you are. My thanks.
Thank you to Dr. Carroll and to the Ri for hosting this lecture, amazing and insightful!
Sean Carroll is the most charismatic speaker I have ever heard.
Sean is an incredible communicator
That was great. One question though....... huh?
🤯⁉️
Sean Carroll - he is so humble
He should be!
Lol.
15:52 No.
0.In fact, the string is discrete and it is this property of the string that determines the formation of harmonics.
1. It is easy to verify this, since the formation of overtones depends on the place of sound production.
2. If you produce sound in the middle of the string, you will get only the first harmonic, that is, the sound is an octave higher than the main tone, and there will be no other overtones.
3. Accordingly, if we extract the sound in ⅓ part, we get both an octave and a fifth, if in ¼, then an octave, a fifth and an overtone two octaves higher than the main tone, we get all the previous ones and a large third, and so on.
4.The natural scale begins with the ⅛ part, which is practically a major scale (after “calibration”, of course).
By the way, this is not temperament: the chromatic scale is obtained by artificially dividing the octave into 12 equal parts according to the parameter 2^1/12~ 1,059.
5. Interestingly, it was Kepler's laws that inspired Mersenne to create “string theory” at the beginning of the XVII century, as well as music theory.
But at the end of the day string theory is just a romantic idea used by crooks to make a living.
That’s truly amazing! Let’s stay in touch!
wow... I always say Quantum science is intuitive (only that it is contrary to the "historically tamed mind"). This is so wonderful.
My favorite ambassador of physics!
Many thanks Sean, super educational. keep it up. more please. 🙏
Excellent again by Prof. Carroll.
14:56 having figured out how natural and artificial harmonics work on my own, and having a huge respect for Dr. Carroll, it feels wonderful for his view to categorize me as an "expert guitar player".
Sean seems to pick his enemies without pushback
The universe, expressing it's ' love ' by being complex and demanding from you is a brilliant approach. Paul Erdos used to solve the MATHS ! and then demand you find the , 'elegant solution ' to whatever proof you were pursuing. Two tremendous approaches to problem solving. You are trying to work it out Because! It is difficult to do so . Achieve that , then dig further , a really healthy approach.
I have watched endless lectures, including many by Sean Carroll, about symmetry/gauge theory, and while I feel I am slowly grasping it, there is a level of technical abstraction which I think I cannot reach without the actual mathematics involved.
One central question which remains to me is: why does this invariance actually *matter*? I understand the idea of something staying the same when rotating some field(s), but the physical implications of why that matters continues to escape me. There is some connection to symmetry breaking and the particles that carry forces, but it gets hazy at that point>
Still, great talk.
THANK YOU... DR. SEAN CARROLL...!!!
OK, so the Higgs boson is a rocky road that slows everything down. Where did it get its energy, what interaction forms mass in condensate, why would it follow in the flow of gravity to any other concentration of mass? And if so, from where?
It is actually the Higgs fields that does this, not the Higgs Bosson.
Great lecture, I learned a lot from it, thanks Sean
Thank you very much, you help me to understand more about symmetry
OK I now have an idea what "gauge symmetry" means. I never understood it before.
Amazing, thank you, Sean!!
"Gauge feild added." I just can't.. Why make it so convoluted? It's just a reference frame. Any measurement needs a definition of what the measurement is measured FROM. Measurements are taken relative to this.
Great talk!!
I like trying to understand abstract concepts, and they don't get much more abstract than the role of symmetry in particle physics. A lot of talks I've seen just mention symmetry in passing, so it's great to take a whole hour just looking at how it connects to the rest of the structure of the Standard Model.
Wonderful talk!
Thanks for the video
Can't wait for Sabina's response.
Who's that? Another one like him that thinks they have any idea of what's happening in our universe?
@@rayn_0ffSabine Hossenfelder. She can keep up and make Sean sweat with her explanations. And funny too.
It was good. I listened to it twice. 😮
Physicists should rethink “at rest.” It doesn’t exist and is just an artifact of choosing a coordinate frame, not a system property. What a system actually experiences is acceleration.
Photon frequency is another artifact of coordinates that comes from the Doppler effect.
Imagine an empty universe with one photon. What is its frequency?
"At rest" means precisely that, choosing a coordinate system that travels at the same velocity as the object.
That was excellent!
The concept of rest mass/energy is weird, because it’s only relative to something that it’s at rest and everything is always moving in the universe.
that's why energy can only be explained as an abstract. physical energy does not exist, only in forms associated with matter and the fundamental forces. Physical existence is the source of energy.
There is no true conept of restmass .Reestmass is the same mass as the mass that is beeing moved and is invarient in all frames of refrence
Not only the rest mass, all their concept is weird, because they has no idea of the fundamental elements. How they can make theory or calculate anything when they do not know what Space is, Time, Electromagnetism, Polarity, Physical Attraction... How they can explain the Universe, when they do not know why two magnets attracting each other? There is a break thru but not from "Them" - from independent science - the book - "Theory of Everything in Physics and The Universe"
Perhaps you've heard of a Spherical Cow? They do not exist, but they are a useful simplification used to help explain the concept of what makes a cow.
Think of it this way: rest energy is the energy of something measured in its own frame of reference, i.e. when traveling at the same speed.
"When the University of Chicago denied tenure to cosmologist Sean Carroll in 2006, he was caught off
guard."
(He also failed to achieve tenure at Cal Tech.)
😅😊
Apparently, tenure committees sometimes make mistakes.
So, so good
This is a great lecture. Really appreciate how Sean steps through the theory/thinking incrementally. Thank you!
The reason why no one understand quantum mechanics is the enforced symmetry imposed on quantum field theory.
wow, great explanation❤
He mentioned gravitons 6:42
Hey Sean, awesome guy, awersome podd 😀😀
50:29: "We can claim with very high confidence that there are no particles and forces that we haven't yet discovered that have any role whatsoever
in your life (...), but I mean literally in your brain, in your biology. There's no new particle or field that is affecting the firing of neurons in your brain".
So there are no particles affecting the neurons or the electrons fired by neurons in your brain. And there's people that can say they know this for sure. 🤦
if you rotate an equilateral triangle less than 60 degrees it looks different. Why do we have to start with symmetry. It is just a mathematical constraint that we introduced that neglects other ways of looking at it.
Because, like you, most people don't understand symmetry or how it is fundamental to everything that follows.
@@jssamp4442 its fundamental because we say it is lol its just math
A universe with symmetry and breaking of symmetry is a functional universe, that has more probability of being in existence.
A universe with just symmetry is a static one, you could say a dead one, where nothing is gonna evolve, also one that can exist, but more rare that the first one, and anyway won't be anyone in it to notice it.
A universe without symmetry is one that is a very chaotic, instabil , and is more prone to decay or evolve into the first tipe of universe presented.
Simply, put it, our universe with symmetry and breaking of symmetry has more probability to exist.
The electron particle is timeless therefore it exists everwhere in its wave function until observed
Sounds good because it's 100% false. :-)
It looks to me that a lot of the biggest idea in modern quantum mechanics come from Einstein original insights to negate them. Then people refine them , formalize it and become staples in the theory
None of Einstein's objections against quantum mechanics have panned out. He simply didn't understand it, even though it's absolutely trivial.
Carroll's voice makes me in sleepy mode , maybe that is in quantum state
Absolutely fantastic.
Fantastic.
It seems to me that the interface that we interact with is described by classical physics. The construct that holds up the interface is described (incompletely) by quantum mechanics.
Superb, as always from Professor Carroll. It is such a gift to be able to explain incredibly complicated ideas in accessible and digestible ways. Thank you for helping me appreciate our best current knowledge about how nature put this all together
Why is the reference "professor"?
It sounds like quantum fields work a lot like actual pixels. In reality pixels are voltages. And voltages are continuous. But it needs to reach a certain threshold for it to flip from off to on. Or from off to a predefined brightness level as per binary representation of the possible voltage values. So although the voltage is continuous in reality you'll only see it as certain allowed values. So pixels are probably a pretty good analogy to use that's even better than the waiter. And it seems that computers work similar to quantum fields - at a lower level the binary disappears into continuous voltages.
Is every pixel a mode of the quark field?
@@tomaskubalik1952 Nah... electron and photon fields are doing all the cool things at our scale of existence!
QQ: if you have a field contour/change (gauge field) that exists but with equals zero that would mean no mass, but it should exist..
You didn't ask an actual question.
Awareness is known by awareness alone.
His podcast is the absolute best. Check it out if you haven't yet. Cannot recommend it enough :)
The best episode of discussing particle physics, but surprised to hear that all particles have been discovered, a huge assumption (5:28). The analogy of brain particles in explaining it is hard to understand.
Not all particles, just those in a certain energy range. For example, magnetic monopoles, if they should exist, would be so massive they wouldn't play any role in our everyday lives.
He didnt't say ALL particles. Just those that interact with us. He stated quite clearly that we don't know what Dark Matter is.
Miss Noether will be spinning in her rotationally -invariant under R1 grave at not being mentioned
But she is in the slide of all the names of those who contributed to the Lagrangian at 4:45.
18:07 “you don’t need matter and forces”.. IMHO as a “matter of fact” you don’t need energy and time either….
No, you don't but the universe gives them to you anyway. It doesn't give you matter and forces, though. Those are just emergent effects.
So good
My question would be: why is there a terrain at all that the waiter has to worry about, and why does the universe allow hills in this terrain to manifest as effecting the particles motion, rather than any other aspect?
(Scale2) = (Energy2) = (Mass2) = (Time2) = (Entrophy2)
(ISO(3,1)) x (SO(3,1)) x ((U(1))) x ((SU(2)_L)) x ((SU(2)_R)) x ((SU(3)))
Yes very similar to what I thought.
Thanks
I just began, but I hope Shawn goes on to explain how these tremendous and lesser energies were/are imparted to the quantum environment. A wound clock will unwind and a river will run dry without renewal. How can a mating nucleus and surrounding gravity inflow maintain its resonant or circulation layers with constant separation without constant collisions and frictions wearing them down? Quantum specs may be isolated from a rotating universe, but in an unevenly-distributed gravity field that spans a billion or so light years, they are not unrelated with their own power supply, are they? Hope your calculus figures sin that in the same blender.
Maybe the gauge boson paragraphs touch on that holistic effect? But do various quark colors affect their host? Is that a resonant imbalance that compliments or contradicts the fields of its neighbors?
EM/gravitational field irregularity is a great tie-in. But gyroscopic precession is force conversion within particle behaviors and interactions too? A bumpy landscape can interfere with neighbors’ survey stakes?
So, there is no gluon-like force binding our universe together, other than gravity seas, yet in the absence of depth there is a formula for field density? And atomic spheres are isolated from the resonance of greater gravity and its celestial orbital motions? All are at rest, barring some inevitable overload in one system of the ‘grid’ or another?
So quarks and antiquarks are the same unit, but matter/gravity are not? The symbiosis is hard to escape. If Einstein released strong field energy, he didn’t mention how to avoid it or prevent it?
Where do we find the 1st lecture on classical mechanics?
You can find the first lecture here: th-cam.com/video/BRudidBcfXk/w-d-xo.html
I love me some Sean.
Very interesting ✅
Can we just focus on the actual physics? Sean spends his time in this video on "gauge symmetry", which is not physical but a redundancy in certain mathematical formalisms. Why is this the point to focus on in presentations to the general public?
That did explain a few things. I'd probably have to watch this many times to understand better, and still, much of it would still be hard to understand.
You mention graviton like it is a real thing. Last I heard some were only guessing as to its existence. Did they find one in any experiment?
This explains everything about the Big bang
The addition of so many particles from the Higgs field lead to a explosion of atomic particles and atoms called the BB
No, it does not.
Thanx
When a plasma ball touches your finger the gas "collapses" into a filament. A quantum interaction wavefunction collapse would be analogous right? Does anyone have any references that explain the math/physics of a plasma ball?
could i just say i love sean and everything he is talking about but how is it 2024 and we have a zoom call lecture in 480p being uploaded to the RI channel like please we know u can do better
Someone just proved the many world theory is wrong and solved quantum mechanics incompleteness. These 3 people are about to publish results I read about in a seminar. Saddly for Sean Caroll :)
MWI has always been trivially wrong. You can find the mistake in the second sentence of Everett's thesis. No math needed. You read that nonsense and you know immediately that Everett didn't understand physics. ;-)
the waiter analogy confuses me. the topological map is the gauge field and the orientation of the tray in relation to the ground represents the orientation of the colors for any given quark when you compare them? what does the force being applied to the waiter represent? is that the force carrying particle? what does that have to do with comparing quark colors? is the waiter the force carrier since he is moving to different tables? r the tables the quarks?
I feel let down; I wanted Sean M Carroll.
What unicode characters?
@@alan2here channel membership (aka RI sponsor) stuff
pitiful
Well, gravitons (if they exists) play big role in everyday and they were not discovered.