Jesus | Jewish Revolutionary in the 1st century

Yeshua and Yaakov | Jewish Martyrs
Now after John was arrested, Jesus came into Galilee, preaching the gospel of God, and saying, “The time is fulfilled, and the empire of God is at hand; repent, and believe in the gospel.”
The Gospel of Mark
"Blessed are you poor, for yours is the kingdom of God."
Jesus of Nazareth, Luke Q source
The original diversity of late second Temple Judaism and Early Christianity meets the bottleneck of the great clashes between the Jewish rebellions and the Roman Empire. Out of the Anvil and the Hammer will emerge a new religion and a new Judaism forged from this dynamic explosive mix of civilizations.
Jesus was crucified publicly by the Roman state for sedition and a political claim to kingship of the Jews. The Romans and those who collaborated with the empire saw Jesus as a threat to the status quo. Jesus could not have survived as long as he did without support from the Jewish people. The gospel of Mark attests to the popular support of Jesus from the Jewish population in Jerusalem. The arrest at night at the mount of olives also attests to popular support. It was this support that would have put him on the radar of the Roman rulers and the Jewish elite who benefited from Roman rule. It was not the Jewish people who killed Jesus but the old story of the powerful and wealthy elite of society protecting their status at all costs.
Second Maccabees states, "The King of the Universe will raise us up to an everlasting renewal of life, because we have died for his laws."
“You see, brother, how many thousands of believers there are among the Jews, and they are all zealous for the law."
James the brother of Jesus according to Luke/Acts
"I have always thought of the historical Jesus as a homeland Jew within Judaism within the Roman Empire. For me, then, within Judaism within the Roman Empire has always been the absolutely necessary matrix rather than the annoyingly unnecessary background for any discussion of earliest Christianity."
John Dominic Crossan
Shema: the First Passage
In the recitation of Deuteronomy 6:4-9, special emphasis is given to the first six Hebrew words of this passage (Shema Yisrael, Adonai eloheinu, Adonai echad) and a six-word response is said in an undertone (barukh shem kevod malkhuto le'olam va'ed). After a pause, Deuteronomy 6:5-9 is then recited, which stresses the commandment to love the L-rd your G-d with all of your heart, soul, and might.
Roman Catholicism looks to Peter as the apostolic founder of its tradition, and the churches of the Reformation look back to Paul. Like Jesus in the gospel of Mark, James has been abandoned by all. Jewish Christianity has been lost and can only be recovered with careful reading and research of the historical data.
167 Seleucid ruler Antiochus Epiphanes introduces pagan rites at Jerusalem Temple, triggering the Maccabean revolt
Daniel
The Seleucid king Antiochus IV Epiphanes directed a series of measures against Judaea which culminated in the suppression of Jewish worship. The Temple was desecrated, circumcision proscribed (forbidden) and abstention from pork was outlawed. Opposition from the Jews broke out all over the country.
"The Apostle Paul accomplished by his pen (also the Roman sword against the Jews) what Antiochus Epiphanes had tried to achieve by force: a religion detached from Torah, assimilated into common Hellenistic culture."
- Scholar Barrie Wilson
“The Maccabees won many of the battles, but in the end, they lost the war against Hellenism,” said Meyers, a retired professor of religion at Duke University and founding director of its Center for Jewish Studies.
“There is no doubt about the victory of the Maccabees over Antiochus IV,” said Meyers. “It was stunning and memorable. But what happened in the two revolts against Rome? Jews were soundly defeated.”
“While the Hanukkah revolt story is inspirational for rejecting foreign ways and bans against Jewish practice, the aftermath was very complicated,” he said. “Ultimately Hellenism triumphs in the sense that it led to accommodation to some ideas and customs of Greco-Roman culture.
The Maccabean Revolt
In summary, the Greek period (333-63 B.C.E.) was marked by two trends: the Hellenization of Palestine, and the reaction of the Jews to forced Hellenization resulting in the Maccabean Revolt and the independent Hasmonean kingdom. From this history we can see several forces at work: the tendency of some to come to terms with Hellenization; the tendency of others to hold onto the traditional ways; and the willingness of still others to revolt because of “zealousness” for the Law when the traditions are severely attacked. Similar responses will occur in the first century CE. Moreover, in the period of the independent Hasmonean kingdom, three religious movements appear for the first time: the Sadducees, the Pharisees, and the Essenes.
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