Material science really doesn't get the public recognition it deserves, although the pay is quite outstanding. As long as engineers are giving their best, material is and will most of the time be the limiting factor to our technologies.
literally the major differences in our world are almost universally coupled with a materials leap forward, the bronze age, iron age, etc. I think it's wildly under rated the impact that materials advances have on our lives.
Superconducting wires held in tubes at the same ambient pressure as Jupiter's surface? I think you have just explained the explodium consoles of Star Trek.
Would they hold up in deep underground digging technology that goes further into the Earth's crust and mantle then ever before? It could be wrapped in a aerogel type material exterior wrap to allow it to hold up. Maybe even add that "better then Teflon material to increase its effective ability to slide through dug holes without getting caught or jammed up on things as much?
Meet the material of the future that's 40 times stronger than Diamond.Graphene can withstand the impact of Bullet. th-cam.com/video/Zj9WFnyEyLw/w-d-xo.html ......
When picking an engineering major your videos had an influence on me all those years ago. That combined with other influences ended in me choosing materials engineering due to its flexibility (pun intended) and applicability to many industries. So thank you. You gave high-school Junior me a little guidance in an uncertain time.
CNT-Polymer composites are underappreciated. They appear to be the most practical approach to building space elevators. Even though they won't work for an Earth space elevator, they're perfect for almost any other celestial body.
The smelling or "sensing" when something needs maintenance reminds me of my college professor who "listened" to concrete structures. Small microphones can detect microcracking in concrete structures and can improve the lifecycle of such structural systems as we hear more cracking during the load cycles. If we hear lots of cracks the system may need more maintenance to remain in service.
Material science is the main concern of any hypothetical time travel to the past- sure you can sketch a boiler and even do the Math of its operating principals… but can you make steel from bog iron?
Meet the material of the future that's 40 times stronger than Diamond.Graphene can withstand the impact of Bullet. th-cam.com/video/Zj9WFnyEyLw/w-d-xo.html ......
19:48 Was not expecting that Grandfather Nurgle reference. Got a good chuckle out of me.😄 Learned quite a bit in this video, lots of stuff going on in materials science that slips by my attention. And remains quite unknown. Great video as always Isaac and team.
Hearing about micro-atoms forming stronger, tough bonds than regular atoms takes me back to the 'Lensman' scifi series of the 50's where they built spaceships out of something called ''Ten Point Steel' which was like regular steel except they somehow shoved ten times the amount of normal steel into the space occupied by a single density of steel.
@@gunnaliteswafford3842 Really? I'll have to look for carbon1479 to see what he/she said. I don't think I'm a bot. I'll ask the missus and see what she thinks.
Hopefully solid state batteries will come very soon. They will really change many things. Solid state batteries made of a lithium free abundant material would be even more amazing.
@Olaf Nilsen there is not enough lithium on earth to meet projected needs and the extraction processes are getting to the point of having greater carbon footprints than not having the batteries in the first place - metal-air and other batteries are the way of the future, Li-Ion is going to have to become niche again as we switch to the right battery technique for each specific purpose.
@@jasonisbored6679 Lithium is abundant. There is enough on Earth. The problem is that it is very diffuse. So accessing it can be very disruptive. For example the several hundred square miles of salt pans in the Atacama dessert. Don’t forget that there is another new source of highly concentrated lithium. Old batteries. The need to mine fresh Lithium will decline over time.
You know what would be an interesting topic, what about recyclable advanced materials? I mean think about it if you plan a mission to another star system that's going to take possibly thousands of years to complete recycling is going to be really important possibly more important than the unique properties these advanced materials can offer. If you put thousands of people into a giant tin can and send them sailing off on a mission that's going to take thousands of years then it's really important to take into account the fact that if they can't reuse these materials they may wind up functionaly running out of resources.
Recycling tends to be an industrial process, and that means space, energy, and all that jazz. You build for endurance over performance, you build modular, you build redundant, and you build hot-swappable. You bring the spares you can, and you build so that failure isn't catastrophic so that when something _does_ go wrong (and it will) Earth can figure out how to keep the next ship from failing in the same way.
@Boo Bah Current US and most navy’s ships have industrial facilities on them - provided you don’t keep poking holes in them, and they have access to those facilities, they can rebuild anything except for the super highly technical bits like computers or radar or whatnot. Including this on spaceships manufactured in space (where a little bit more mass added isn’t so cost prohibitive as on earth) and it’s perfectly reasonable to expect it of slower colonial or seed ships.
@@boobah5643 A lot of very smart people in industries all over STEM are working on making wayyy distant future sci-fi tech achievable within the century, or at least trying to. Recent legitimate developments in physics and materials have me cautiously optimistic that within my lifetime I could see working warp drives, fusion generators, all-purpose smart nanobots, colonies and cities off planet, even interstellar ships with the ability to repair themselves. Hopefully I'm still around when 2100 gets here, who knows what breakthroughs will have happened by then
It's not even close to my field, but I love to hear about it. I suppose because when it comes down to it, this is what all those fantastical sci-fi concepts depends on. Somehow, the future seems more attainable when you look at the building blocks and see the progression.
The biggest problem with Osmium apart from its rarity is its propensity to form volatile and toxic Osmium Tetroxide when exposed to air. Otherwise it would be pretty useful.
Osmium metal by itself wouldn't be so useful because of it's brittleness, but alloys or compounds such as superhard borides or topological superconductors would be.
Yup! That's excatly why it was a well reaserched show. Although the implications where that the transparent aluminum would have the same properties as metallic aluminum im not sure we are quite there!
@@icecold9511 Material science is well known and has been for a long time. Transparent metals was a big fad in scientific endeavors in the post WWII era, so yeah, they probably not only knew about it but used it a critical plot point.
@@cadengrace5466 We're talking about people who used trilithium 3 times. And also talking about matter antimatter mix ratios like it was a gas engine, when the boy one time gave the real answer.1:1 is the only ratio. But maybe the movie writers paid more attention to detail.
@@icecold9511 And? There were many writers during the run of the franchise. Just because some got stuff wrong does not mean others did. Logic is not your strong suit is it?
Most of these are ecological hazards, funny enough. Many existing materials, say carbon nanotubes, won't break down and will cause various environmental issues. At least for plastics we know that near-term bacteria can chow down on it for net energy gain. Diamond-strength stuff not so much. At least outdoors this means we have teflon in our water, and might get lots of nanotubes in our lungs. Before we go city-scale industry with a new material, at least for exteriors, it should become standard to tune our purification and environmental cleanup systems. The way new materials will be cleaned up, at least in areas near explosions and warzones, is akin to clearing depleted uranium. Or normal uranium with future mining tech.
Of course, let's not forget that plastic was inedible and wouldnt break down either. There would inevitably be something in nature that chows down on this new food, but yea pollution is still a serious issue especially as it would just be an extra pollutant in addition to plastic.
@Robert Reynolds As usual that runs into Tragedy of The Commons until problems are profitable to deal with, which also disincentivizes cleaning up unprofitable areas. 2kg of depleted uranium spread across 1/2 km^2 of a town isn't in itself very lucrative even before terrain is considered. The margins also award scale which is anti-competitive, similar to the endgame trajectory of CO2-extraction farms. So maybe you're right under some contexts but in general I disagree. Well the overall mover on these incentives is the large-scale economic power-balance so who knows.
The key is to think long term and the key to that is to educate women in the "third world." If we can reduce the fertility rate in places like Africa to 2.0 or lower, the continent will see rapid gains in efficiency and GDP per person - that and fixing the damage already done in the oceans will go a long way to fixing our problems. I can also see the potential of new jobs opening up in the disposal of these materials.
@Robert Reynolds Why would you not want the fertility rate of badly impoverished nations to drop closer to the level of Europe? Especially since, doing so is achieved by educating women and providing contraceptives? What is the issue? Educating girls? Providing cheap and effective contraception? Why should Africa not embrace a lower fertility rate that will allow her to invest more in each individual and rapidly raise her living standards?
@Robert Reynolds The solution to that would be to have the developed countries - the already developed countries of Europe and Northeast Asia - have more children while Africa cools down. Besides, at 2.1 children, Africa would not need immigrants since her fertility rate would be replacement level.
I keep thinking about how quickly generations pass and the tech those generations were familiar with. Its insane to me that my grandmother remember having a Model T in her family. Literally only a few decades away from horse drawn carriages. Here we are in the future... and the 80s and 90s are now just a memory.
Technology breeds technological advances. In only 120 years, we went from riding horses to the dawn of becoming a space-faring planet. In 35 years, we went from piston-driving airplanes to landing on the moon. In less than one year, we went from an uncontrolled, world-wide pandemic to having multiple vaccines available world-wide. The pace of technological change is not slowing down, but rather, it is accelerating at a phenomenal pace. All of these exotic, theoretical materials are on the horizon, or already in the laboratory, or filed somewhere in the patent office. They are not many generations away.
For as improbable as both mass drivers and space elevators sound, it seems like our best bet would be designing areal floating platforms sturdy enough to decrease the amount of atmosphere that rockets need to go through.
Decades ago when I was a child and Madonna was a popular musician someone I was listening to the music with said to me after she and "Material Girl" that the song sounded like the FUTURE to her. Boy was she (not Madonna, the girl I was talking to) ahead of her time since now we have so many futuristic "materials".
I’m currently doing a PhD, researching how to implement CNTs and graphene nano sheets in between thin composite plys in order to make ultra light weight composites for high altitude UAVs. Nanotechnology is an extremely exciting field of research which can produce multi functional materials that will change the world
I was pretty naive starting tbh, thinking I would have access to all the materials I needed 🤣 alas I changed my research direction focusing on fibre bridging between dissimilar architectures in composite materials. The same damage mechanisms but different story haha have 11 months left
Schrodinger's dislike count - Is the video disliked or is it not? According to my extremely limited understanding of quantum physics, it's both until we look at it using the dislike extension.
@@jamieevans5984 Because corporate yt videos were being disliked to oblivion, and you can't have people knowing that something Google and other corpos are trying to push is unpopular
That mag-matter concept sounds a whole lot like the monofilament seen in lots of sci-fi. Subatomically thin, tensile strength so high it's effectively unbreakable, and as a result a near-perfect cutting edge.
Having pipes that stink when damaged would pair well with giving robots chemical detectors on their hands. Like on opposite sides so they have stereo sense of smell for locating damaged pipes.
Ive lost count of the years, the first skyhooks episode i think. i want to thank you so much for both keeping it grounded in hard science, but showing a realistic path to the future that is viable and real. The future is never out of reach, the are just few that are explained well (present company excluded of course). Long time fan (and patron, you deserve it for giving me hope) and fellow measured and optimistic futurist.
Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) a cutting tool has been used for year especially in the field of turning hardened metals As to magnetic monopoles. All we really need to do is wait for Niven's Belter prospectors
Material Science is likely to be the number 1 growth area of future science. Since we are quite far along in our understanding of nature's fundamental forces and particles, there is a huge slowing of advancement in that study area. But the nearly uncountable combinations of these fundamental particles will keep material scientist busy for many centuries to come.
4:18 okay, less dense than air.... but it has air in it too, making it more dense... this means it doesn't float in air, which would have been amazing. Maybe at some point we can put it in a vacuum container and have a big neutrally buoyant blimp filled with a solid.
I suffer from anosmia, so the idea of a prosthetic has fascinated me for well over a decade now. Gas leaks can be fatal, especially when you can't smell it. It also affects my ability to taste and enjoy food.
One of the many nice applications for high temperature superconductors is low loss transmission of work. So for example in a conventional bike you pedal and the motion is transmitted to the wheel by a chain and sprocket. With a high temperature superconductors you can make very small ultrahigh efficiency motors, since you can make much stronger and more compact magnetic fields. So in the case of a bike you'd have two superconducting motors linked with a superconducting wire and the work input into one would instantaneously be transferred to the other. Kind of silly to use such sophistication on a bike, but the point is that you can suddenly substitute any mechanical transmission with superconducting wires, over any length. To humans from the future mechanical transmissions will seem like the silliest thing ever.
A dystopian future with a distant comet mining station full of used space suits and modules that always have a slight background stink if rotten eggs from superficial scratches in the warning material.
- Magmatter atoms are smaller that normal atoms. - Oh! That means we can use it to make a everything-cutting sword?! - WHAT?! No! Why do you want to turn EVERYTHING in a sword?! - I just think they are neat...
Literally 10 minutes ago was talking with my friend who's doing a phd in material science. She is developing a material that is sponge like to store high amount of energy. Too bad they will sell it to a big company because their lab is small...
@@kdegraa or they just take it and store the patent/tech so they can continue to profit off their existing stuff until the market for it falls off so they can then unveil that material
Those animal blood bricks remind me a bit of some textures I saw in a game called Cruelty Squad.... ironic, considering the world building and focus on unethical biotech in that game
I wonder about how many of these future materials will decay, like on some level we don't care, but I wonder how these materials will interact with nature, through pollution and then more importantly, how our body would handle these materials when they get exposed to them, like internally through dust of this meta material.
Note: The process node size, e.g. 2nm, does not refer to the size of a whole transistor. It has historically referred to the "feature size", essentially the resolution of the lithography. A transistor needs more than one pixel to lay out! But of late, the numbers don't correspond to any real size. They just use a smaller number for each generation.
5:10 hmm given how strove it is in compression you reackon you could make an open foam aerogel panel then vacuum pack it in a layer of plastic and then suck all the air out leaving a vacuum with the aero gel to keep it from imploding ?
With regards to making materials with lasers, I've long considered the possibility of using holograms to bulk-pattern materials. Imagine something looking not all that different from your typical "holographic" foil sticker used to produce the laser peaks and troughs on a substrate, every tenth micron or so, to encourage a chemical vapor to settle in just those spots, being ejected from other spots, and bind with the substrate and other materials already present. Swap the hologram for another hologram, and introduce the next gas to bind every tenth micron or so. Basically, using holograms as a sort of stencil for laying down materials, quickly, but with nano-tech precision. Of course, to achieve this, you probably need holograms that involve EM down in the longer wavelength X-Ray range.
14:46 for some reason this reminds me of an old sf short tale about a robot that makes a machine that can create anything that starts with the latter N. When his friend asks the machine to make Nitrogen the machine said it can't. I just can't put my finger on why this image reminds me of that tale.
I've made an RPG environment where I needed to study and research a lot of material science discoveries to create "futuristic items" and there are even more mind-blowing technologies, some already being used like PEEK, Diamond-avil cells, Germanium quantum discs and Molybdenium based solar cells. When I get back to it I'll comment here so you can have more contents for videos.
I have studied Materials,Engineering and Science. Materials have so many Properties,and they can be applied to all Technologies and Environments.That is what makes them so Flexible in their Usage. I am sure in the future,there will be new materials produced and made,for the benefit of Mankind.
Great episode. I like the thought of 'shielding' gravity rather than actual "anti-grav." When you mentioned it in another episode ('technologies that probably won't exist' or some such), it got me thinking about using it in a DnD-ish based story. i.e. finding some fancy tree on the 'elemental plane of air' that has a natural ('non-magical') 10th thickness for gravity. Notably, how something like that would might work for building a skyscraper, hauling freight, and such; i.e. a low-quality apartment giving residents vertigo when they walk past certain spots, or 'center of gravity'-related accidents when unloading a low-grav lined truck. Or partially replacing elevators with Metroid-style vertical low-grav corridors (i.e. jumping from floor to floor), all manor of flying drones, a massive ship or island that experiences lunar gravity greater than (or similar to) earth gravity, so on. Dunno, its just cool to think about.
Am I misunderstanding space elevators? The center of mass is at geostationary orbit, right? Out at 36,000 km. The diameter of the earth is only 13,000 km. So in illustrations, their height should be nearly three times the size of the earth, right?
I think developments in photonic circuitry is worth looking into, with it being a potential low energy low temperature high speed electronic alternative which theoretical has the potential for near to higher then room temperature quantum computation.
So minor thing. Moore's law is about the density of transistors not the speed of processing. We're still on the Moore's law train last I looked. However the power dissipated by a CMOS chip is proportional to the clock speed. So we had to stop increasing the speed so the silicon wouldn't vaporize....
This got me so hyped for science and I really want someone to discover how we can live a ton longer just so I can witness the scientific advancements that occur down the line. I'm too curious to eventually have to miss out on science just because my biology demands it one day biodegrades.. lame.. lol
I think materials science is going to relate to so many topics covered here. I was thinking about consciousness - if it comes is found to come in the form of light - then we can make synthetic brains easily! I want materials science to be the next renaissance in science!
Sure, except it might also have a problematic property of exploding very easily due to quantum tunneling into regular hydrogen and releasing all the energy that's inside it.
@@Nethan2000 Wouldn't that also apply to its use as a fuel in that case? I don't know, I'm not a physicist. I was hoping for replies from people who are and have more knowledge than me.
Mawwiage. Mawwiage is what bwings us togethew today. Mawwiage, that bwessed awwangement, that dweam within a dweam. And wove, twue wove, wiww fowwow you fowevah and evah… So tweasuwe youw wove.
Material science really doesn't get the public recognition it deserves, although the pay is quite outstanding.
As long as engineers are giving their best, material is and will most of the time be the limiting factor to our technologies.
Such an important field. As a layman, I was reading about "The Science of Strong Materials" years ago. So fascinating.
the history of technology is the history of material science
I actually was going to say just that - I don't keep up with it enough, because it's just too hard - which is bad - so much I miss out on!
Materials science is the achilles heel of science progress in society - not knowing this stuff is going to hold us back!
literally the major differences in our world are almost universally coupled with a materials leap forward, the bronze age, iron age, etc. I think it's wildly under rated the impact that materials advances have on our lives.
00:00 Intro
01:32 Strength
04:13 Density & Melting point
07:32 Electromagnetic & Optical properties
10:22 Conductivity
14:54 Pressure & Liquid crystals
15:47 Viscosity & Friction
16:54 Space manufacturing
18:10 Scratch & sniff
19:40 Biotechnology
21:19 2D materials
22:58 Low-tech
23:56 Hypothetical materials
27:28 _Sponsor: Brilliant_
29:13 _Schedule_
Hotel: Trivago
Thank you.
Thank you, friend.
Whenever there is materials talk on SFIA my inner geek smiles profoundly
There's an option to have "inner geek"? Might have made high school easier if I knew that :)
Superconducting wires held in tubes at the same ambient pressure as Jupiter's surface? I think you have just explained the explodium consoles of Star Trek.
Holy crap that would actually make sense
Would they hold up in deep underground digging technology that goes further into the Earth's crust and mantle then ever before? It could be wrapped in a aerogel type material exterior wrap to allow it to hold up. Maybe even add that "better then Teflon material to increase its effective ability to slide through dug holes without getting caught or jammed up on things as much?
Meet the material of the future that's 40 times stronger than Diamond.Graphene can withstand the impact of Bullet.
th-cam.com/video/Zj9WFnyEyLw/w-d-xo.html
......
When picking an engineering major your videos had an influence on me all those years ago. That combined with other influences ended in me choosing materials engineering due to its flexibility (pun intended) and applicability to many industries.
So thank you. You gave high-school Junior me a little guidance in an uncertain time.
Hope you're enjoying your work. Never a wasted education in materials science.
Yes!.Integrated materials has been a very great path for me!
CNT-Polymer composites are underappreciated. They appear to be the most practical approach to building space elevators. Even though they won't work for an Earth space elevator, they're perfect for almost any other celestial body.
The smelling or "sensing" when something needs maintenance reminds me of my college professor who "listened" to concrete structures. Small microphones can detect microcracking in concrete structures and can improve the lifecycle of such structural systems as we hear more cracking during the load cycles. If we hear lots of cracks the system may need more maintenance to remain in service.
Materials science is the unsung hero of modern engineering advances. I haven't watched the video yet, but I'm hoping you mention biomaterials!
hell yea they are and in my opinion are a major key to the space age..
"Living ships" FTW
Except that every man-made object so far conceived can be made out of (and out performed by) dried mud packed with straw.
Material science is the main concern of any hypothetical time travel to the past- sure you can sketch a boiler and even do the Math of its operating principals… but can you make steel from bog iron?
@@Eragon954 Have fun creating the first mud-straw space ship mah dude
As a material engineering student can’t say that I wasn’t waiting for this one 😎
Good work as always !
Matse gang
As a mechanical engineering student, I can only say we can't thank you guys enough. You make quantum leaps in our work possible.
@@TheNavalAviator really nice to hear man ! In my uni most mechanical engineering student kind of look down upon us 😂
Meet the material of the future that's 40 times stronger than Diamond.Graphene can withstand the impact of Bullet.
th-cam.com/video/Zj9WFnyEyLw/w-d-xo.html
......
@@pierretoure84 What is the difference between material science and material engineering? Are they interchangeable? Could you double major in both?
19:48 Was not expecting that Grandfather Nurgle reference. Got a good chuckle out of me.😄
Learned quite a bit in this video, lots of stuff going on in materials science that slips by my attention. And remains quite unknown.
Great video as always Isaac and team.
Hearing about micro-atoms forming stronger, tough bonds than regular atoms takes me back to the 'Lensman' scifi series of the 50's where they built spaceships out of something called ''Ten Point Steel' which was like regular steel except they somehow shoved ten times the amount of normal steel into the space occupied by a single density of steel.
You and @carbon1479 have the same comment? Are both of you bots?
@@gunnaliteswafford3842 Really? I'll have to look for carbon1479 to see what he/she said. I don't think I'm a bot. I'll ask the missus and see what she thinks.
Hopefully solid state batteries will come very soon. They will really change many things. Solid state batteries made of a lithium free abundant material would be even more amazing.
Lithium is abundant
There already are battery chemistries based on Abundant elements but that's not the main thing, they also have to be energy dense
@Olaf Nilsen
there is not enough lithium on earth to meet projected needs and the extraction processes are getting to the point of having greater carbon footprints than not having the batteries in the first place - metal-air and other batteries are the way of the future, Li-Ion is going to have to become niche again as we switch to the right battery technique for each specific purpose.
@@jasonisbored6679 it is abundant and many new processes coming online that will make it much less wasteful
@@jasonisbored6679 Lithium is abundant. There is enough on Earth. The problem is that it is very diffuse. So accessing it can be very disruptive. For example the several hundred square miles of salt pans in the Atacama dessert. Don’t forget that there is another new source of highly concentrated lithium.
Old batteries.
The need to mine fresh Lithium will decline over time.
You know what would be an interesting topic, what about recyclable advanced materials? I mean think about it if you plan a mission to another star system that's going to take possibly thousands of years to complete recycling is going to be really important possibly more important than the unique properties these advanced materials can offer. If you put thousands of people into a giant tin can and send them sailing off on a mission that's going to take thousands of years then it's really important to take into account the fact that if they can't reuse these materials they may wind up functionaly running out of resources.
Recycling tends to be an industrial process, and that means space, energy, and all that jazz. You build for endurance over performance, you build modular, you build redundant, and you build hot-swappable. You bring the spares you can, and you build so that failure isn't catastrophic so that when something _does_ go wrong (and it will) Earth can figure out how to keep the next ship from failing in the same way.
@Boo Bah Current US and most navy’s ships have industrial facilities on them - provided you don’t keep poking holes in them, and they have access to those facilities, they can rebuild anything except for the super highly technical bits like computers or radar or whatnot. Including this on spaceships manufactured in space (where a little bit more mass added isn’t so cost prohibitive as on earth) and it’s perfectly reasonable to expect it of slower colonial or seed ships.
The nearest star is 500 trillion miles distant. This is fantasy for sci fi writers and nothing more. Sorry.
@@boobah5643 A lot of very smart people in industries all over STEM are working on making wayyy distant future sci-fi tech achievable within the century, or at least trying to. Recent legitimate developments in physics and materials have me cautiously optimistic that within my lifetime I could see working warp drives, fusion generators, all-purpose smart nanobots, colonies and cities off planet, even interstellar ships with the ability to repair themselves. Hopefully I'm still around when 2100 gets here, who knows what breakthroughs will have happened by then
@@82spiders hey Mojo ! Gliese 710 - The Star That Will Enter Our Solar System
It's not even close to my field, but I love to hear about it. I suppose because when it comes down to it, this is what all those fantastical sci-fi concepts depends on. Somehow, the future seems more attainable when you look at the building blocks and see the progression.
The biggest problem with Osmium apart from its rarity is its propensity to form volatile and toxic Osmium Tetroxide when exposed to air. Otherwise it would be pretty useful.
In theory you can put a layer of something on it too protect it from the air but it sounds like a environmental disaster waiting to happen.
This is the kind of community I want to party with
Fourth Root is here yeah.
Sounds like it'll be more useful once we start building things in space. No air up there to cause issues.
Osmium metal by itself wouldn't be so useful because of it's brittleness, but alloys or compounds such as superhard borides or topological superconductors would be.
There is a reason Star Trek went with "transparent aluminum". Sapphires are made of crystalized aluminum oxide and they're transparent.
I doubt they knew that.
Yup! That's excatly why it was a well reaserched show.
Although the implications where that the transparent aluminum would have the same properties as metallic aluminum im not sure we are quite there!
@@icecold9511 Material science is well known and has been for a long time. Transparent metals was a big fad in scientific endeavors in the post WWII era, so yeah, they probably not only knew about it but used it a critical plot point.
@@cadengrace5466
We're talking about people who used trilithium 3 times. And also talking about matter antimatter mix ratios like it was a gas engine, when the boy one time gave the real answer.1:1 is the only ratio. But maybe the movie writers paid more attention to detail.
@@icecold9511 And? There were many writers during the run of the franchise. Just because some got stuff wrong does not mean others did. Logic is not your strong suit is it?
Yay, another materials science episode! The one on meta-materials is still one of my favorites, so I was happy to get this one.
Most of these are ecological hazards, funny enough. Many existing materials, say carbon nanotubes, won't break down and will cause various environmental issues. At least for plastics we know that near-term bacteria can chow down on it for net energy gain. Diamond-strength stuff not so much. At least outdoors this means we have teflon in our water, and might get lots of nanotubes in our lungs. Before we go city-scale industry with a new material, at least for exteriors, it should become standard to tune our purification and environmental cleanup systems. The way new materials will be cleaned up, at least in areas near explosions and warzones, is akin to clearing depleted uranium. Or normal uranium with future mining tech.
Of course, let's not forget that plastic was inedible and wouldnt break down either. There would inevitably be something in nature that chows down on this new food, but yea pollution is still a serious issue especially as it would just be an extra pollutant in addition to plastic.
@Robert Reynolds As usual that runs into Tragedy of The Commons until problems are profitable to deal with, which also disincentivizes cleaning up unprofitable areas. 2kg of depleted uranium spread across 1/2 km^2 of a town isn't in itself very lucrative even before terrain is considered. The margins also award scale which is anti-competitive, similar to the endgame trajectory of CO2-extraction farms. So maybe you're right under some contexts but in general I disagree. Well the overall mover on these incentives is the large-scale economic power-balance so who knows.
The key is to think long term and the key to that is to educate women in the "third world." If we can reduce the fertility rate in places like Africa to 2.0 or lower, the continent will see rapid gains in efficiency and GDP per person - that and fixing the damage already done in the oceans will go a long way to fixing our problems.
I can also see the potential of new jobs opening up in the disposal of these materials.
@Robert Reynolds Why would you not want the fertility rate of badly impoverished nations to drop closer to the level of Europe? Especially since, doing so is achieved by educating women and providing contraceptives?
What is the issue? Educating girls? Providing cheap and effective contraception? Why should Africa not embrace a lower fertility rate that will allow her to invest more in each individual and rapidly raise her living standards?
@Robert Reynolds The solution to that would be to have the developed countries - the already developed countries of Europe and Northeast Asia - have more children while Africa cools down. Besides, at 2.1 children, Africa would not need immigrants since her fertility rate would be replacement level.
Aluminum Titanium Composite Alloy (Proteus). What are the underlying properties and how well could be leverage in space constructions.
I keep thinking about how quickly generations pass and the tech those generations were familiar with.
Its insane to me that my grandmother remember having a Model T in her family. Literally only a few decades away from horse drawn carriages.
Here we are in the future... and the 80s and 90s are now just a memory.
Now the concept of time constantly passing will make me very depressed thank you.
@@Phantom-kz9bv Bob dole......Was born in the 20s. He probably remembered model t cars too. He probably also had met veterans from the Civil War.
By the time it's the 2050s, people will look back at the 2000s and 2010s as a mere point in history.
Danged whippersnappers! Get off my lawn!
Technology breeds technological advances. In only 120 years, we went from riding horses to the dawn of becoming a space-faring planet. In 35 years, we went from piston-driving airplanes to landing on the moon. In less than one year, we went from an uncontrolled, world-wide pandemic to having multiple vaccines available world-wide. The pace of technological change is not slowing down, but rather, it is accelerating at a phenomenal pace. All of these exotic, theoretical materials are on the horizon, or already in the laboratory, or filed somewhere in the patent office. They are not many generations away.
For as improbable as both mass drivers and space elevators sound, it seems like our best bet would be designing areal floating platforms sturdy enough to decrease the amount of atmosphere that rockets need to go through.
Ductile ceramics and superconducting materials are what I look forward to the most.
"like materials so sharp, they can cut space or time"
Do you want spectres? Because this is how you get spectres...
Decades ago when I was a child and Madonna was a popular musician someone I was listening to the music with said to me after she and "Material Girl" that the song sounded like the FUTURE to her. Boy was she (not Madonna, the girl I was talking to) ahead of her time since now we have so many futuristic "materials".
I’m currently doing a PhD, researching how to implement CNTs and graphene nano sheets in between thin composite plys in order to make ultra light weight composites for high altitude UAVs. Nanotechnology is an extremely exciting field of research which can produce multi functional materials that will change the world
How'd it go?
I was pretty naive starting tbh, thinking I would have access to all the materials I needed 🤣 alas I changed my research direction focusing on fibre bridging between dissimilar architectures in composite materials. The same damage mechanisms but different story haha have 11 months left
@@Dystopianshortstories Wish you luck! Educated people are very necessary in today's world
Schrodinger's dislike count - Is the video disliked or is it not? According to my extremely limited understanding of quantum physics, it's both until we look at it using the dislike extension.
You know why they hid the dislikes right
@@banjobear3867 why?
@@jamieevans5984 Because corporate yt videos were being disliked to oblivion, and you can't have people knowing that something Google and other corpos are trying to push is unpopular
TH-cam it removing the dislike from everyone’s videos
@@Mbeluba All owned by the same kosher tribe as well.
That mag-matter concept sounds a whole lot like the monofilament seen in lots of sci-fi. Subatomically thin, tensile strength so high it's effectively unbreakable, and as a result a near-perfect cutting edge.
you can cut the space-time when performing a vasectomy :)
Sadly I have to leave for work, so I will be saving this video for my lunch break!
Small correction at 25:11. The interatomic spacing between carbon atoms is 1.42 *angstroms* (1e-10 meters) not nanometers (1e-9 meters)
Okay virgin.
Having pipes that stink when damaged would pair well with giving robots chemical detectors on their hands. Like on opposite sides so they have stereo sense of smell for locating damaged pipes.
Yes, but that would be the end of "Who smelt it, dealt it."
Ive lost count of the years, the first skyhooks episode i think. i want to thank you so much for both keeping it grounded in hard science, but showing a realistic path to the future that is viable and real. The future is never out of reach, the are just few that are explained well (present company excluded of course). Long time fan (and patron, you deserve it for giving me hope) and fellow measured and optimistic futurist.
Nice I've been waiting for this episode!
Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN) a cutting tool has been used for year especially in the field of turning hardened metals
As to magnetic monopoles. All we really need to do is wait for Niven's Belter prospectors
Material Science is likely to be the number 1 growth area of future science. Since we are quite far along in our understanding of nature's fundamental forces and particles, there is a huge slowing of advancement in that study area. But the nearly uncountable combinations of these fundamental particles will keep material scientist busy for many centuries to come.
4:18 okay, less dense than air.... but it has air in it too, making it more dense... this means it doesn't float in air, which would have been amazing. Maybe at some point we can put it in a vacuum container and have a big neutrally buoyant blimp filled with a solid.
That would actually be super amazing.
“Something able to block, reflect, or focus gravity waves or gravitons would be of incredible value.” That may be a bit of an understatement.
Yeah I wish we knew if that was possible
*I love learning about new alloys & technology .*
*Please do more of these videos .*
I suffer from anosmia, so the idea of a prosthetic has fascinated me for well over a decade now. Gas leaks can be fatal, especially when you can't smell it. It also affects my ability to taste and enjoy food.
One of the many nice applications for high temperature superconductors is low loss transmission of work. So for example in a conventional bike you pedal and the motion is transmitted to the wheel by a chain and sprocket. With a high temperature superconductors you can make very small ultrahigh efficiency motors, since you can make much stronger and more compact magnetic fields. So in the case of a bike you'd have two superconducting motors linked with a superconducting wire and the work input into one would instantaneously be transferred to the other. Kind of silly to use such sophistication on a bike, but the point is that you can suddenly substitute any mechanical transmission with superconducting wires, over any length. To humans from the future mechanical transmissions will seem like the silliest thing ever.
I truly love the “drink and a snack” it’s the perfect pair while consuming this incredible content 😁😁
A dystopian future with a distant comet mining station full of used space suits and modules that always have a slight background stink if rotten eggs from superficial scratches in the warning material.
Isaac Arthur: A material that could cut space/time?
Ichigo: ...
Getsuga tensho.
lol the little girl smashing the tv.
Yes! I've been waiting for this. Materials science has always been very interesting to me.
- Magmatter atoms are smaller that normal atoms.
- Oh! That means we can use it to make a everything-cutting sword?!
- WHAT?! No! Why do you want to turn EVERYTHING in a sword?!
- I just think they are neat...
@The European Bee Meh, I'm more of a "Put The Traveller in charge" kind of man, I mean he(?) is the embodiment of goodness and light in the universe.
videos here feed my soul
The issue with trying to put scents into polymers is keeping them there and removing contamination, especially with the more "noticeable" ones!
Literally 10 minutes ago was talking with my friend who's doing a phd in material science. She is developing a material that is sponge like to store high amount of energy. Too bad they will sell it to a big company because their lab is small...
The big company will want to get a return on its investment so your friend’s material should be in the market sooner or later if it’s any good.
@@kdegraa or they just take it and store the patent/tech so they can continue to profit off their existing stuff until the market for it falls off so they can then unveil that material
What a noob
Those animal blood bricks remind me a bit of some textures I saw in a game called Cruelty Squad.... ironic, considering the world building and focus on unethical biotech in that game
This episode reminds me of the descriptive language of the best Alpha Centauri datalinks entries. I am learning a lot from this channel.
are you talking about sid meiers alpha centauri ?
I wonder about how many of these future materials will decay, like on some level we don't care, but I wonder how these materials will interact with nature, through pollution and then more importantly, how our body would handle these materials when they get exposed to them, like internally through dust of this meta material.
Note: The process node size, e.g. 2nm, does not refer to the size of a whole transistor. It has historically referred to the "feature size", essentially the resolution of the lithography. A transistor needs more than one pixel to lay out!
But of late, the numbers don't correspond to any real size. They just use a smaller number for each generation.
5:10 hmm given how strove it is in compression you reackon you could make an open foam aerogel panel then vacuum pack it in a layer of plastic and then suck all the air out leaving a vacuum with the aero gel to keep it from imploding ?
Gotta love that stock footage of a little girl repeatedly hitting a television with a hammer.
With regards to making materials with lasers, I've long considered the possibility of using holograms to bulk-pattern materials. Imagine something looking not all that different from your typical "holographic" foil sticker used to produce the laser peaks and troughs on a substrate, every tenth micron or so, to encourage a chemical vapor to settle in just those spots, being ejected from other spots, and bind with the substrate and other materials already present. Swap the hologram for another hologram, and introduce the next gas to bind every tenth micron or so. Basically, using holograms as a sort of stencil for laying down materials, quickly, but with nano-tech precision.
Of course, to achieve this, you probably need holograms that involve EM down in the longer wavelength X-Ray range.
Can they make a Reece's cup that wont stick to the paper?
Thanks for sharing 👍
Imagine making the electro-matter from Futurama only being made of electrons .
It'd make a potent explosive if you can keep it from ripping itself apart until a specified time or event
I was thinking more in the form of a plasma-battery but a bomb would do as well .
finaly ive been waiting for you to make a vertical farming video so im excited
14:46 for some reason this reminds me of an old sf short tale about a robot that makes a machine that can create anything that starts with the latter N. When his friend asks the machine to make Nitrogen the machine said it can't. I just can't put my finger on why this image reminds me of that tale.
Looking for more on diminished or microgravity Metallurgy.
i love you so much isaac thank you for this
I've made an RPG environment where I needed to study and research a lot of material science discoveries to create "futuristic items" and there are even more mind-blowing technologies, some already being used like PEEK, Diamond-avil cells, Germanium quantum discs and Molybdenium based solar cells. When I get back to it I'll comment here so you can have more contents for videos.
Tantalum hafnium carbide is a ceramic, not a metal alloy.
It uses transitional metals but the compound is ionic with the carbon.
loved it
This looks promising.
I have studied Materials,Engineering and
Science.
Materials have so many Properties,and they
can be applied to all Technologies and
Environments.That is what makes them so
Flexible in their Usage.
I am sure in the future,there will be new
materials produced and made,for the benefit
of Mankind.
It is interesting that you speak of an analog to "The Subtle Knife" by Pullman (His Dark Materials series).
When in the episode does he do that?
@@goldenwarrior1186 26:45 so sharp they can cut space or time.
@@silvadelshaladin thx
Nano Clay, you want T-1000s, because that’s how you get T-1000s.
Great episode. I like the thought of 'shielding' gravity rather than actual "anti-grav." When you mentioned it in another episode ('technologies that probably won't exist' or some such), it got me thinking about using it in a DnD-ish based story. i.e. finding some fancy tree on the 'elemental plane of air' that has a natural ('non-magical') 10th thickness for gravity.
Notably, how something like that would might work for building a skyscraper, hauling freight, and such; i.e. a low-quality apartment giving residents vertigo when they walk past certain spots, or 'center of gravity'-related accidents when unloading a low-grav lined truck. Or partially replacing elevators with Metroid-style vertical low-grav corridors (i.e. jumping from floor to floor), all manor of flying drones, a massive ship or island that experiences lunar gravity greater than (or similar to) earth gravity, so on. Dunno, its just cool to think about.
Biofabrication is pretty cool
Could graphene reinforced polymers be a thing? Particularly interested in the transparent category.
I think of the Greek letter "Mu" as an *M* with that drip...
What type of materials do you need to build a Karman space tower?
You could use active support with current materials😊
I just did a college presentation on 2-D materials.
This is an impressive list of knowledge
Am I misunderstanding space elevators? The center of mass is at geostationary orbit, right? Out at 36,000 km. The diameter of the earth is only 13,000 km. So in illustrations, their height should be nearly three times the size of the earth, right?
I think developments in photonic circuitry is worth looking into, with it being a potential low energy low temperature high speed electronic alternative which theoretical has the potential for near to higher then room temperature quantum computation.
Beautiful work. Thanks.
Episode of the year hands down 👐 bravo Isaac
I really enjoy your deep dive in these topics.
Hey Issac how about programmable matter or computronium as Dr. Ray Kurzweil puts it ?
Great video just like always !
Thanks Isaac
So minor thing. Moore's law is about the density of transistors not the speed of processing. We're still on the Moore's law train last I looked. However the power dissipated by a CMOS chip is proportional to the clock speed. So we had to stop increasing the speed so the silicon wouldn't vaporize....
This is the most interesting video you have done so far .
I like deep dive and it broad application at the same time.
@Issac Arthur, when are you going on to the Wolfram channel?
15:30 Aren't you reinventing LCDs?
This got me so hyped for science and I really want someone to discover how we can live a ton longer just so I can witness the scientific advancements that occur down the line. I'm too curious to eventually have to miss out on science just because my biology demands it one day biodegrades.. lame.. lol
I think materials science is going to relate to so many topics covered here. I was thinking about consciousness - if it comes is found to come in the form of light - then we can make synthetic brains easily! I want materials science to be the next renaissance in science!
Ah yes, Magmatter. I was wondering if you'd highlight this idea. But your constant referencing to Orions Arm proves as reliable as ever. Love it.
So, not only would metallic hydrogen be a great fuel, it should make a great radiation shield as well?
Sure, except it might also have a problematic property of exploding very easily due to quantum tunneling into regular hydrogen and releasing all the energy that's inside it.
@@Nethan2000 Wouldn't that also apply to its use as a fuel in that case?
I don't know, I'm not a physicist. I was hoping for replies from people who are and have more knowledge than me.
@@Nethan2000 God dammit quantum mechanics always makes things a pain in the ass. 😑
Been a while since i caught one right at upload, lol
I've never seen a video like this before. Brilliant!
Mawwiage. Mawwiage is what bwings us togethew today. Mawwiage, that bwessed awwangement, that dweam within a dweam. And wove, twue wove, wiww fowwow you fowevah and evah… So tweasuwe youw wove.
Nah bruh you did not just like your own comment😂😂😂😂
great video..TY
...also, old-school comic geek factoid: The X-Men's character Colossus is osmium steel.
We really have to break out into space first. Alot of materials out there to work with.
Actually it’s mostly empty with long distances between anything much.
@@kdegraa still more raw materials out there than there are on this solitary planet.
Isaac !!!! Nurgle Loves You!!!
I'm a materials science and engineering major and i clicked on this video so fast
As someone with a strong academic background in materials science, it was great seeing this video. Thanks for sharing!