Sir, your channel is one of the treasures that I found in TH-cam. Thank you for your dedication to educate people all over the world. Always be healthy🙏
superb explanation but can you please tell me why you put implication with Universal Quantifier and Conjunction with There exist Quantifier what is the reason?
I've got some predicate logic problems that I have done. a. Each person is either a student or a staff. Allx(Student(x) or Staff(x)) b. Each lecturer teaches some courses. Allx(Lecturer(x)-->~Courses(x)) c. Some hard-working people are not boring. Somex(Hard-working(x) ^~Boring(x)) d. Hard-working people are respectable. Allx(Hard-working(x) ^ respectable(x)) e. Everyone knows some hard-working people. Allx(Knows(x) ~ Hard-working(x)) Is it possible to check if I got it correct? Any help of correcting/confirming if these are correct would be appreciated.
Thank You for a very interesting Electure! But may I ask a question. Is quantifier always a subject presented by the noun phrase or verb phrase? Or it can be anything logically suitable in the discussion?
Maybe someone can clarify this for me. I'm required to take this class at my university; however, I don't see the purpose for knowing any of this. What are the real-world applications to this knowledge?
Predicate logic deals with how computers understand natural language. Simply ,if you tell your computer "I love pineapples" then using predicate logic , it will actually UNDERSTAND that you love pineapples. You see , predicate logic is a way to represent the MEANING of a sentence. So now that a computer has a way to understand basic sentences it can do various things for us. Like summarizing a huge bunch of text into a tiny paragraph(of course this is a very elaborate process which involves much more than Predicate logic). Newspaper apps on your mobile phone use the same technology. Then there is language translation , text / speech recognition and other things. To know about computational linguistics you can read a book on "Natural Language Processing". It has a very important component called semantic analysis which is involved with the actual meaning of a sentence i.e. the context of a sentence. There you will found predicate logic. Natural Language Processing -> Semantic Analysis -> Predicate logic
Thank you! Finally someone gave me a real answer! Not many people in my class know the actual purpose for taking it, lol. I'm a linguistics major, so I had a feeling it had to do with computational linguistics.
Sir there is also one solution exist for that case, if all girls love paul so I can write all the letters of girl in capitalize (GIRLS) order, if some girls love so girl is capitalize but s is still written in lowercase (GIRLs) which represents some but not all, and if no girl love paul so all alphabets should be in lowercase (girls)
i get to know more about quantifier, variable. but i still cannot answer few of my question. can someone help me? example of my question is "all students of this course are happy if they pass the mathematics exam".(university student).
Interpret your sentence as - If there is a person who has passed the mathematical exam, he will be happy. So you will have 2 predicates - 1. Passing mathematical exam (P(x)), 2. Being happy (H(x)). The predicate will be, For all X (P(x) ->H(x))
@@mahadeiv2458 There are 3 predicates 1. X is a student S(X) 2. X passes the Maths ExamP(X) and 3. X is Happy H(X). We can now say: For all X it holds that if X is a student and X passes the Maths exam then X is happy. The above can be put in the symbolic form as Vx[S(X).P(X)-->H(X)
I have some problems on predicate logic 1). No guys likes Lisa 2). Every student reads some book 3). No student answers all questions. 4). John was a liberal but Jack was a socialist. Anybody pls solve it and explain, I will be very thankful for this
Thank you for the lecture! But must say Predicate Calculus is the mess, and it isn't worth to be studied. Firstly, it is not logical in some of it aspects: a) we assume some configuration of individuals, properties, which makes our universe be narrow; b) some rules as Universal introduction or Existential eliminations have non-logical elements in it; c) the arbitrariness which is used in some proof is completely broken. I guess (a) and (b) are not needed to be explained, not about (c), so here it is: when c is arbitrary we mean by that that, let's say, if a triangle has a sum of its angles equal to 180, then all the triangles have the same sum of their angles. What about dog named Fido? If Fido loves bones, then every such dogs as Fido loves bones. Usually we are being assured the constants cannot be used to generalize them, but it is a fault. We can do this. Does a triangle have some privileges over Fido? Nope. That's an absurd, so the Predicate Calculus.
There are some mistakes regarding the discussion of the negative quantifier "no" starting at about 10:23. (1) You cannot just negate a variable x. Instead, the correct predicate logic representation of "no" would be "not some x (P(x))". (2) Since there is thus an existential quantifier present, the correct connective for two properties would be conjunction "and", not implication, "then."
No, but the linguists have stolen some concepts from math. Math uses predicate logic as a base for most mathematical theories, because it "conserve" truth.
Sir, your channel is one of the treasures that I found in TH-cam. Thank you for your dedication to educate people all over the world. Always be healthy🙏
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thanks for this man, u have no idea how useful it is
Du bist so ein Ehrenmann! Manchmal wünsche ich mir so ein Dozenten.
Thank you for this video and greetings from Spain!
The explanation is clear.
Prof. Handke really loves his non-PC examples :P. Very easy to understand though :)
You're a lifesaver!!! Thank you so much!
superb explanation
but can you please tell me why you put implication with Universal Quantifier and Conjunction with There exist Quantifier what is the reason?
Realy Very good ,thanks
interesting and good representation
thanx for sharing
thanks prof leaved your hand so usefull lecture
Thank you. I find it very interesting.
Very clear and concise. Thanks.
great lecture
Very good lecture.
amazing thank you so much my friend!!
Confused re the introduction of a negative quantifier? I have only ever seen an existential and universal quantifier defined within this scope?
Very clear concept
great and useful........really.
thank u , it's very clear and useful
Great video
very helpful THANK U A LOT
I've got some predicate logic problems that I have done.
a. Each person is either a student or a staff.
Allx(Student(x) or Staff(x))
b. Each lecturer teaches some courses.
Allx(Lecturer(x)-->~Courses(x))
c. Some hard-working people are not boring.
Somex(Hard-working(x) ^~Boring(x))
d. Hard-working people are respectable.
Allx(Hard-working(x) ^ respectable(x))
e. Everyone knows some hard-working people.
Allx(Knows(x) ~ Hard-working(x))
Is it possible to check if I got it correct?
Any help of correcting/confirming if these are correct would be appreciated.
Very useful, Thank you.
Thank you, good job
عمو شرح المادة ممتازة
Thank You for a very interesting Electure! But may I ask a question.
Is quantifier always a subject presented by the noun phrase or verb phrase? Or it can be anything logically suitable in the discussion?
very usefull
extremely good
Thanks very useful
Thanks!
Thank you, now I can understand Wittgensteins scribbles a bit better :D
Good explain teacher
good job >>>thanks ever so much
Thank you!
Thnku sho much sr..
😊
wow ,good job
thanks
Maybe someone can clarify this for me. I'm required to take this class at my university; however, I don't see the purpose for knowing any of this. What are the real-world applications to this knowledge?
Predicate logic deals with how computers understand natural language. Simply ,if you tell your computer "I love pineapples" then using predicate logic , it will actually UNDERSTAND that you love pineapples. You see , predicate logic is a way to represent the MEANING of a sentence.
So now that a computer has a way to understand basic sentences it can do various things for us. Like summarizing a huge bunch of text into a tiny paragraph(of course this is a very elaborate process which involves much more than Predicate logic). Newspaper apps on your mobile phone use the same technology.
Then there is language translation , text / speech recognition and other things.
To know about computational linguistics you can read a book on "Natural Language Processing". It has a very important component called semantic analysis which is involved with the actual meaning of a sentence i.e. the context of a sentence. There you will found predicate logic.
Natural Language Processing -> Semantic Analysis -> Predicate logic
Thank you! Finally someone gave me a real answer! Not many people in my class know the actual purpose for taking it, lol. I'm a linguistics major, so I had a feeling it had to do with computational linguistics.
Sir there is also one solution exist for that case, if all girls love paul so I can write all the letters of girl in capitalize (GIRLS) order, if some girls love so girl is capitalize but s is still written in lowercase (GIRLs) which represents some but not all, and if no girl love paul so all alphabets should be in lowercase (girls)
good vidio
my lecturer doesn't use & for and, he uses the upside down V, so this is confusing me
The upside down V is a suitable alternative.
i get to know more about quantifier, variable. but i still cannot answer few of my question. can someone help me?
example of my question is "all students of this course are happy if they pass the mathematics exam".(university student).
Interpret your sentence as - If there is a person who has passed the mathematical exam, he will be happy.
So you will have 2 predicates - 1. Passing mathematical exam (P(x)), 2. Being happy (H(x)).
The predicate will be, For all X (P(x) ->H(x))
@@mahadeiv2458 There are 3 predicates 1. X is a student S(X) 2. X passes the Maths ExamP(X) and 3. X is Happy H(X).
We can now say: For all X it holds that if X is a student and X passes the Maths exam then X is happy. The above can be put in the symbolic form as Vx[S(X).P(X)-->H(X)
please step by step
gud stuff
I have some problems on predicate logic
1). No guys likes Lisa
2). Every student reads some book
3). No student answers all questions.
4). John was a liberal but Jack was a socialist.
Anybody pls solve it and explain, I will be very thankful for this
'not" should be a backwards N
it complicates me im not understant
Thank you for the lecture! But must say Predicate Calculus is the mess, and it isn't worth to be studied. Firstly, it is not logical in some of it aspects: a) we assume some configuration of individuals, properties, which makes our universe be narrow; b) some rules as Universal introduction or Existential eliminations have non-logical elements in it; c) the arbitrariness which is used in some proof is completely broken. I guess (a) and (b) are not needed to be explained, not about (c), so here it is: when c is arbitrary we mean by that that, let's say, if a triangle has a sum of its angles equal to 180, then all the triangles have the same sum of their angles. What about dog named Fido? If Fido loves bones, then every such dogs as Fido loves bones. Usually we are being assured the constants cannot be used to generalize them, but it is a fault. We can do this. Does a triangle have some privileges over Fido? Nope. That's an absurd, so the Predicate Calculus.
There are some mistakes regarding the discussion of the negative quantifier "no" starting at about 10:23. (1) You cannot just negate a variable x. Instead, the correct predicate logic representation of "no" would be "not some x (P(x))". (2) Since there is thus an existential quantifier present, the correct connective for two properties would be conjunction "and", not implication, "then."
wagwan tumerada
No, but the linguists have stolen some concepts from math.
Math uses predicate logic as a base for most mathematical theories, because it "conserve" truth.
Thank you, good job