How a Hydraulic Steering Rack Works
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 13 มิ.ย. 2024
- Here's how a hydraulic steering rack works to turn the wheels on your car.
Hydraulic steering has been used for decades to provide assist to drivers turning the wheels of especially heavy vehicles.
Fluid is pressurized by a hydraulic pump and is sent to the rotary valve via the high pressure hose.
The rotary valve has a small torsion bar, which connects its input shaft (from the steering column) to the output shaft (the pinion gear). The torsion bar twists slightly, opening up a small passageway for fluid to escape and be lead out to the piston.
Depending on the direction, the fluid is pushed into the opposite side of the cylinder housing, pushing the piston. The piston is connected to the rack, which connects the tie rods and hence the wheels at the steering knuckle.
Once there is no more torque on the steering wheel, the torsion bar resumes its rest position, and fluid is fed back to the reservoir to be recycled again at the pump.
Mechanically, the pinion links the steering wheel to the rack, to provide a manual method of steering as a fail safe.
Hydraulic power steering setups are rather inefficent, which of recently has given way to the trend of electric power steering, where an - ยานยนต์และพาหนะ
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Love how you explain things so plainly in your videos with toothbrush and all.
+Abdullah Al-Munim Thanks - I guess alot of people like my style
I NEVER knew how this worked!! You have the BEST way of describing how things work. Almost too quick, but fast enough to not lose people like me with short attention spans.
Brilliantly done!
Thanks very much for your feedback!
I didn't know myself before cutting it open to find out.
The best video explaining how hydraulic power steering works around steering column centre position. This is amazing.
Thanks!
The most amazing thing about power steering to me is the simple fact that they always tend to be so reliable. Even when they do go out it usually takes a long time.
Exactly the tear-down I was looking for! Thanks for going into detail about the torsion bar and showing the diagram of the fluid flow.
Glad it helped. I too had to sit there and figure it out myself, it's hard to understand but not seeing the real thing.
This is hands down THE best explanation of a rack and pinion that I've ever seen!!! Great job sir!
You are welcome
Exemplary video. The explanation is clear and direct and doesn't waste the viewers time. Great work.
Thanks for the fantastic feedback
Finally! A video that explains how the directional control valve works! Thank you!
Right!! I was doing research and had to tear it apart myself just to find out
Your a great teacher. Your English is awesome. You are the first person that don't say "um" between words. I can really understand your video. Specially with your details description on each components and it's purpose. .
Thanks I'm glad you appreciate it, I edit out all those things and make my video straight and to the point
Nice detailed video and cutting everything open really brings these systems functions home! Great job
I'm sold, straight forward explanation, 8 min vid of your vid is typically 15-20 min from the other guys without the extra movements and talking. Love the dirty toothbrush pointer.
+Pj Miguel thanks. Cut the waste and get to the point!
Excellent! Finally!!! Somebody who moves quickly through an explanation and doesn’t waste time with an unrehearsed video.
Thank you.
Thanks
Short and to the point is my style
Man, you are the best! Came in knowing nothing about steering and left knowing something! Amazing crash course!
Thank you so much!
I retired from a Ford dealership. In old days we had to reseal power racks... I got really fast at it after doing a few. Great video and great explanation on the torsion bar input shaft.
Thanks. The rotary valve is quite something!
I have been a mechanic 20 yrs now. Just discovered your channel.And you do a great simple job of explaining.
Thanks, it's good to hear that from a mechanic
Holy pepperoni power steering is more complicated than I expected.
The genius of the torsion bar system is truly amazing that someone designed that decades ago.
My tacomas pump is whining and in a few hours I coulda been fixing it I spent learning the exact way the system works. Quite fulfilling to learn.
Thanks
You deserve more subcribers.
+mr Canadian I do, but where are they?
I'm not even a car guy, but I find this amazing. I now understand a bit about power steering. Very cool!
speedkar99 I’m with Eddy. I’m not really a car guy but your videos are incredible. I watch a lot of videos on how things work and this is some of the best stuff I’ve seen regardless of subject matter
These videos are amazing! lol I love the humor it amazing... and the toothbrush hahahaha I literally can't stop laughing but i'm trying not to because the information is so good.. well done explaining something that is very technically complex in such a digestible manner. Your videos are great keep up the good work.
The explanation of the control valve is perfect !! A1
Another gem of a video..thank you sir
Plus the famous toothbrush 👍🏾
+AccessDenied thanks. Glad you learned something
LMAO @ "NEXT I'M GOING TO USE MY 19MM HEXAGON SOCKET"!!!!!!
+asdflkjh yep, I didn't have the right size so I choose the next size up :)
speedkar99 where can I get a 19.3 mm socket?
AKA the angle gringer and suicide wheel
I know, right? Funny as hell
"Next size up" LOL Nice!
i love how now you can learn more on youtube than you can in any class
Sadly it's true
I've been learning everything I can about cars for 15 years and never knew this. I had no idea that power steering was so complex. Thanks for making such a great video!
+MoutainMan3000 thanks, your right, the rotary valve is quite something.
Been a mechanic for pushing 30 years now. Always had a pretty good understanding of what's going on inside a rack even though I never had one fully apart. This was a good video. In addition to being very informative, it was also good instructional lesson on how to use the proper tool for the job.
iraq, lol. i never understood what was going on inside iraq either.
@@socks2441 stupid talk to text lol
I am a student at universal technical institute and this is far more helpful than what I've been learning in class. thank you and keep doing what your doing
Thanks, the best way to learn is by practical experience
As a former rack and pinion steering engineer for an OEM, I commend you for your explanation. Very well done. The only correction is that the steering fluid flows thru precision metered lands on the edges of the slots in the input shaft.
Thanks!
Yeah that rotary valve is really something
For some reason, I like to watch this channel more than other car related channels. Don't know why.
Ur a natural engineer then..
+Yathu prem I sure am a natural engineer
I like this channel too. It's pretty great.
+speedkar99 Hell you are.. ur the best.. Long time i've been thinking?? where do u get this name for the channel??
speedkar99 ✋السلام عليكم ورحمة اللّه وبركاته
🌹🌹اخي العزيز شكرا لك بماتقوم به من مجهود وعمل وتصوير فقد استفدت كثيرا منك واقدر ذلك وانا من المتابعين لك
ادعو الله ان يرزقك الصحه والعافيه وكل خير تتمناه وان يبعد عنك كل مكروه اللهم امين
تحياتي اليك بحفظ الله💜
Excellent videos. You sir, gave me the courage and instruction to perform a complete timing belt and water pump service on my 1MZ-FE V6. So... thank you! I saved over $1500 that I would have spent at my Lexus dealer.
+Adam Fredell I'm glad you learned how to change your belt. Check out my other videos for more
Good, precise and cogent description of how rack&pinion assembly works without being over technical. Thanks 99.
Glad you enjoyed it
Perfect video......This is the kind of information that kids at schools should be made to watch before they get a license.
I agree!
You sir are amazing. Respect goes to whole different level when you explained the inefficiency of hydraulic steering. That’s insightful :)
Thanks allot
That's right
Hydraulic pumps fluid regardless of what the steering is doing
50 dislikes were all dentists.
due to the dirty toothbrush?
Yes, I don't know what there is not to like about this video, why would you even watch it if it is not to your liking or interest is beyond me? There are plenty of weirdos out there.
Yes anti-dentites as Kramer would call them.
This is a very clear and easily understandable explanation of how power steering racks work
This guy really knows his stuff. This is the clearest video on power steering I've seen. Once you get past that toothbrush, these videos are worth their weight in gold.
+Labrador McGraw haha thanks!
if you ever loose you power steering like I did, you will appreciate this video a lot!!!
+viciousocean yes
Actually he said it was loose and in need of tightening xD
speedkar99 is it better to reseal rack steeting with new seals kit or replace it with new OEM ???
ft. "the toothbrush of automotive wisdom" 👌😊
Best professor ever
I can't thank you enough for the fast pace and high info density. When I'm looking for this kind of video, it's usually because I'm in the middle of a repair and I'm stuck. On most channels I end up watching at 2x speed just to get to the info I'm looking for. Thank you for taking the time to research, plan, disassemble, film, and edit!
I'm glad my video helped you understand and learn, check out the rest of my channel for more!
You have given a very articulate clear description of this steering rack. You are a very gifted man. Thankyou, very much appreciate.
Awesome video!! I just found your channel and i think we’re similar in the sense that we’re very “resourceful” when we work on our machines and we aren’t afraid to tear them apart to see whats inside. Thats the best part about working on cars. There are so many parts working together and they’re all fascinating. i try to impart that enjoyment on friends when they get work out of me but it takes a specific person to understand and care about whats going on instead of just mindlessly throwing parts at a car to fix a problem - or worse yet, taking it to the dealer for something that otherwise would cost no more than the parts themselves, a morning or two on a weekend, and a pair of dirty hands.
+Martin Mankins agreed. In fact this project has given me so much more confidence working around cars now, as I know the inner workings of them.
Dude u cool, the way you dismantle or cut the parts seriously amazing. i also belong to mechanical field and hence i love your videos. keep going bro.
+Abu Galib Glad you appreciate my work
no silly animations, no drawings, no bullshit talk in front of camera- we need more people do this stuff. Good job
+Aivaras Sutkus learn by experience. That's my style.
One of the best explanations of rotary control valve operations. Many youtubers skip that part bcz they don't understand themselves the operation and importance of this part as the heart of power steering system.
That I'm glad you appreciate my work
Awesome explanation sir. Great work!
+kalpit katpara thank you
thanks for this information very helpfull
+amera nyo your welcome amera
Amera Nyo is the oil seal mentioned at 2:33 able to be replaced alone without removing the entire rack and reseal the entire rack?
I worked in TRW, one of the largest steering gear manufacturer in the world, for 20 years working on the hydraulic steering gear.
Your explanation is THE best I've seen on the Internet. I don't think some of my colleagues at work couldn't explain it as well as you did. I don't know where you got your training but this video is A+. VERY WELL DONE. IMPRESSIVE!
One additional info if I may... at 6:40 where you explain the inner workings of the valve... the "slots" you see on the input shaft has really tiny chamfers along the edge, called "metering edge" which is ground to micron precision, give you a precise amount of assist proportional to the "relative twist" of the input shaft and pinion. That "metering edge" is the heart of the hydraulic power steering system.
Wow thanks very much for that information and feedback, it makes sense that that controls the sensitivity. I would love to work in tier1 or OE one day!
This is the only video that explains power steering in a way I understand.
fantastic video mate
+colin Lyne thanks mate
colin Lyne really good demonstration
keep it up i like your efforts
+saurabh sharma thanks for the appreciation
Thanks very informational, 0% bullshit and fast cuts. One of the best videos in TH-cam.
Thanks, that's my style. Quick and to the point.
I've always scratched my head at how power steering works, even after getting so-called explanations. This video is the first COMPLETE explanation I've seen. Thank you for making it.
*His Brother:* “Yes! New socks and underwear hell yea!”
*Speedkar:* “Yea, new rags!”
Pretty much me
DO NOT EVER STOP using your brothers underware/socks for rags. Its your trademark.
Disgusting
Best description of power steering on the internet!!!
Thank you for simplifying the magic of power steering.
nobody:
speedkar: I'm about to end this steering rack's whole career
Yep! Angle grinder time!
your brother will be missing his socks....
+baskoro tejo See my latest video where he makes a barefoot appearance pumping brakes.
ew.. dude, you also use his underwear, he wouldn't be making an appearance holding the seat down right? I bet you're Latin, Latin moms use old underwear as cleaning rags. represent La Raza! LOL.
really feeling privileged to see this because you cut through the system just for us.. God bless you
You are welcome
This is wonderful, the first time I see every detail of the Steering rack, thanks buddy
Nice video and you are teacher do a car
+KennyTheFoxySFM1 - FNAF and MC thanks. I am teaching you a car , got the full thing taken apart.
Great explanation. But I have a doubt, what did you do with your brother for all those underwears and socks 😁😁😁
+Midhun Mohan I didn't do anything. What he doesn't know won't hurt him, right?
You are the best! 🤣
Wow. I feel kind of like I just tried to drink from a fire hose. If all your videos are like this, you are an underrated youtube channel.
Thank you , thank you! Best video on power steering that I have seen; your approach, humor and excellent point by point explanations are spot on.
The magic happens at 5:50 👍
GREAT JOB!! FULL, Thorough, Explanation in just a few minutes.
Thanks. Short and to the point is my style
Mechanic for 30 years, always learning, great video, brilliant channel, keep up good work. Appreciated over in London Uk
+wellstuffedup thank you, it's great to hear that from a mechanic
This helped with mechanic college classes so much, youre a life saver. Thank you 🙏
Very well done video. You took every single piece off and explained how it works. By far best video on power steering out there.
Im telling you man, your content is invaluable to beginning mechanics. Thank you for all your work. Keep it UP!
+Zach Mci Glad you like it!
That's a really great video. One more bit of information: The control valve actually lets the steering pump free-wheel by letting the fluid flow easily from input to output when you're not using the steering wheel, so it's not all that in-efficient. It doesn't put much load on the engine until you begin to turn the steering wheel, and the control valve then blocks free-flow of fluid and forces it through the steering rack piston.
That's why the engine RPM (at idle) drops a little when you turn the steering wheel, and if you turn the steering wheel all the way against the stop, the rack piston stops taking more fluid which causes the pressure to rise rapidly until the overpressure relief valve in the pump begins to let the excess fluid bypass the control valve. That's the hissing sound when you turn the steering wheel all the way.
Thanks for the great video! I enjoyed every second and I enjoyed the fact that every second had something useful in it!
I meant it's still inefficient compared to electric steering, since you still have the pump and fluid circulating
@@speedkar99 Oh, I see what you mean. Although with electric, you have to consider it's pump - an electron pump - aka the alternator - and it has to be larger to handle the increased load, and it's always turning and always sending full voltage to the electronic control module, which wastes some of that power all the time. The larger alternator puts more of a load on the engine, all the time. (Yes, a larger alternator has larger core losses even when producing small currents. Look up core losses in generators.) So the increase in vehicle efficiency isn't as great as you'd guess. But sure maybe you can get a couple percent better mileage - which could save you a few dollars a year - but my guess is that your entire savings is gone when you then also take into account the greater cost EPS to start with, and the greater cost when it dies and you have to replace it, and the much greater chances of it breaking: It's a very complex system involving wires, semiconductors, electromagnetics, and a computer chip more complex than the one that first landed on the moon: The average rate of failure and average yearly cost of EPS repairs per thousand cars FAR exceeds that for engine driven hydraulic power steering, and this cost severely consumes the slight fuel savings brought by EPS. Hydraulics last an extremely long time, are very simple, and nearly bulletproof.
Excellent descriptive demonstration how a power steering assembly works. Commendable job done.
+Zia ul Qadir Khan Thanks for the feedback!
Nobody explains car mechanics better than this guy.
The absolute best.
This is an exemplary explanation. Seriously top notch. Thank you for putting it together. I especially like your "19mm hexagon socket" 🤣
😁
Thanks. Glad you like my handy angle grinder.
Hey, its the guy reviewing the TH-cam teachers videos. My goodness. Such a great explanation especially with the diagram. I like how you had three videos that talked about ABS system. 10 out of 10 my friend. 10 out of 10.
Just replaced 2 racks in my truck because of defects in rebuilding process, someone be was sleeping on the job...
Thanks for the education in how racks work!
I'm subbed!!
I always enjoy watching your videos, lots of details and explanations.
This is a fantastic description of how power steering works. Even a complete amateur like me could understand it all first time round.. You are a brilliant teacher.
WOW ... the best (thorough and concise) explanation and demonstration of how a power steering (rack and pinion hydraulic) system actually works ! Bravo and thank you very much.
You are welcome
This excellent explanation lit me up! It’s nice to understand how the control valve and rack works. Thanks!!
Damn! 70 years old and I never knew how those things worked. Thanks!
Wow! Well done. I'm blown away at the number of parts that make the steering work so smoothly. Good job and thank you!
You are welcome, Yea the steering is quite an interesting system!!
Thanks, I’ve suffered terribly with bad racks, leaky, hard to steer, etc. Now I know more. Didn’t know those holes the fluid moves through were so small by the pinion gear. Easy to clog.
Make sure the seals are intact and the fluid is fresh ATF.
This technology has been used for a very long time. It still blows my minds how genius Hydraulic systems are.
Thank you. A real explanation of fluids.
Good explanation. I knew in general how it worked but seeing the various pieces as you took them apart made everything clearer. Thanks.
+Russel Brooks Hey thats what I'm here for, thanks for the feedback.
Great video. A super clear and straight to the point, simple explanation.
holy shit, this was the most detailed, succinct, well explained video I've ever seen on power steering functionality. THANK YOU!!!
One of the best videos in TH-cam. Thanks for sharing your knowlage with us
Yes, sir!....the human heart is so inefficient.......it keeps pumping when you're just sitting there and not thinking about anything :)
great video, informative and entertaining as heck, keep up the great work!!
Relevant and concise detail with demonstrations and cut-away parts - I really appreciate the efficient delivery of this knowledge.
Thanks
Thank you! I watched several videos on the subject but your hands on tear down coupled with a well worded explanation of the inner workings of each component put an end to my guess work.
You are welcome, thanks for watching, I have alot more teardown videos coming soon.
Talk about Modern Marvels, it's truly amazing how engineers designed something as complicated as a "Rack and Pinion" steering system. Great Teaching Tutorial, Thanks !!
+Joe De Jesus agreed, theres a lot of engineering gone into this
Excellent demonstration of the wotking
Brilliant video, thank you. I'm amazed that you don't feel the slack in the steering resulting from the torsion bar twisting.
You are welcome.
No you won't feel that slack because of the steering ratio
Best video so far about this topic! No more questions.
Easily the number one explanation of this matter on youtube; as usual; thanks.
It's amazing how much fancy engineering goes into when cheap cars. Great video.
Excellent presentation! A LOT of work to produce this and a lot covered in a relatively short period of time. No time wasted jawing on about nothing like some do. Thank you for this video!
Hey man this is by far the best video I’ve seen that explains how a power steering rack works. Great Job!!!!
Glad you enjoyed it
Excellent job with this video . Great job using the correct part names . Very thorough. Great job.
Thank you for taking the time to show how the rotary valve operates. This video help explain problems I'm having. Job well done. Sir
+Randall Huelsman Glad you found it helpful. Yes I found the rotary valve was the hardest to find examples on when researching for this video.
You are the king of the internet! 👌
Great video! Thanks for cutting it open, helps with visualization.
Excellent presentation! I recently had the rack and pinion replaced in my old 4Runner.....seal was leaking....Had no idea of how this worked, so now....thank you!