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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 3 ต.ค. 2024
- After watching Game of Thrones or playing DND, you might wonder if Dire Wolves were actually real. Turns out, these were real animals that lived during the last Ice Age, but they weren't actually...wolves? Join Hank Green and learn what these giant creatures really were i this new episode of SciShow!
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no
Hey Scishow, check out the Philippine Witch dog! Its a very interesting breed! A kind of wild dog that climbs trees!!
Let's clone them, and bring them back!
We could use African Jackals as surrogates.
Just want to point out that North America still has some huge animals
Moose , Bisons & Reindeer. And South America has Lamas
So lose of pray might not be the reason
On the other hand Humans might be
@@borntowild480
"prey"
What I’ve learned from SciShow so far is that everything will inevitably converge into either a crab or a wolf.
Beware the crab-wolf... the ultimate life form
A lot of things also turn into fish and birds.
So, beware the crabfishwolfbird.
that old biology joke: everything on land wants to be a wolf, everything in the water wants to be a crab lol
@@cristiaolson7327 can’t wait for manbearpig
AWOO!
**snap** **snap**
Sooo... is it a crolf or a wrab?
nature: I'm going to evolve everything to wolves and crabs
The apex predators of the world. The perfect organisms
There are two types of builds; pure defense and pure offense...
For those who've watched the anime;
Maple and Sally
Soon: carcinized canines
@@kairou_mikael then there is humans. Pure intelligence and endurance at the cost of having rubbish offence and defence.
@@outandabout259 well said
We asked Dr Angela Perry - leader of the Dire Wolfd study - why Evolution seems to like wolves so much, she told us
- Hank because wolves are just so *freaking cool* man
Felines are cool too.
Accurate summary
The question is, why does evolution *adore* crabs?
Well, it's to be expected to get an answer like that from someone working on that field.
Evolution is a dog person.
Big props to SciShow for always having subtitles ready at video launch! I'm watching this half an hour after video release and there are full manual subtitles ready!
@whesley hynes u ok
@whesley hynes you sure do like to the use inventions of scientists and doctors tho, like a interneT and modern medicine. You're just as bad as them for benefiting from it
@whesley hynes What does your nutjob rant have to do with subtitles on videos?
Not many channels do this, and it's always hugely appreciated. Part of why I'm so glad to be one of their patrons. 🙂
so we're renaming them from Dire Wolf to Dread Wolf... I demand we clone one and name it Roberts.
you know, for science...
The Dread Wolf Roberts?
Or Fen'harel
Leman Russ must be excited
@@Great_Olaf5 The Dread Pirate Roberts (The Princess Bride)
We should also bring back The Old Spanish Pointer and name it Inigo Montoya
@@acediadekay3793 I'm fully aware of the reference. That's why I said that...
Stuff like this really goes to show just how little we know about extinct fauna.
99% of species don't fossilize.
@@Kirealta that’s cringe ngl
@@autismman6360 Thank you Autism Man, you're doing the lord's work.
@@Kirealta thank you kind sir
we can learn so much from just a few fragments of bone and cartilage preserved in a rock, yet at the end of the day, its only a piece of the whole animal that once lived.
For some reason at first glance, I interpreted the title as saying that wolves weren't real lmao
Nothing is real.
@Nathan Hope We live in a society.
@@General12th Nothing to get hung about.
@@soaringvulture *BOTTOM TEXT*
Strawberry Fields Forever
“Swapping genes” is a nice euphemism.
my favorite euphemism is "struggle snuggle"
@@p00lboy LOL!
@@p00lboy My favorite euphemism is "No mom, I'm not getting in the shower with you again"
Oh wait, nvm.
@@p00lboy jimmy carr? Or is that not original to him?
@@blobbertmcblob4888 damn, but a look at the most popular vids on PH correlates with your conclusion
Whenever I hear "dire wolves," my mind immediately goes to the Canada section of South Park: The Stick of Truth.
Dire wolves: They are like regular wolves, but dire.
Hahaha! So much "YES!!!!".
"You have Dire Aids.. it's like regular AiDs but dire"
I haven't played stick of truth in years but i can never unhear this line.
@@MagicianFairy And, of course, if you see a healer in Canada after you have been infected with Dire AIDS: "You have been healed of Dire AIDS. You still have AIDS, but it's not dire anymore."
I was just about to say this. So glad it was said already....
Hahahaha
"They weren't actually wolves, so we renamed them from Dire wolves to Dread wolves"
... wait... what?
It's actually "dread dog". "Cyon" means "dog" in Greek, same way "canis" means" dog" in Latin. This suffix is used to name almost every caniform mammal fossil species, even though most of them weren't even canids at all, let alone wolves. In a similar way, we use "hippus" for ancient horses, while the Latin derrived "Equus" is reserved for today's horses.
Scientific names use a Latin/Ancient Greek format, so you end up with animals that have all sorts of weird names unrelated to them. Like pronghorn are called goats twice.
@@nomatternevermind6818 I think it was "hippos" in Greek, actually. It means "horse". It's used a either a PREFFIX or a SUFFIX in the scientific names of basically all the species of extinct horses...except the ones that pertain to the Equus genus obviously (and that weird early one that was thought to be a hyrax at first and was thus dubbed Hyracotherium): Hipparion, Merychipus, Eohippus, etc. But no, there is no genus actually called "Hippus"... Lol, where did you get the impression I said that? :)) My point was that, typically, the Latin denomination of an animal is used for today's gennera, while the older, more "primitive" ones (usually extinct, but not always) get names that are constructed from the Greek name of that animal. The horse's case was just another example. I could have used bears just as well: the modern genus for most bears is called Ursus (Latin for "bear"), while most of the older ones are some variation on the Greek "arctos".
Don't forget "saurus" meaning "lizard", even though the majority of the time that descriptor is not used on lizards.
Actually, they were wolves, it's just that wolves are not a monophyletic group, they are a polyphyletic group, because there are living and extinct genera of dogs with species called wolves.
No matter what they are, or are not, Canis or Aenocyon, one thing is certain. They were probably the goodest of bois.
This comment made me smile for some reason and I really needed it today 😁
godbless you op
I wanna boop a Dire Wolf snoot now. 😍
I think you spelled Scariest wrong =P
Not all dogs (or caniforms) are good boys.
.
.
.
.
Some are good girls :)
The lupine body plan has a lot of consistency with with other non-aquatic predators. Long limbs, a mid-sized body for its ecosystem, a relatively large head and a large thorax relative to its abdomen. Thats a set of physical features common to a lot of successful groups; hominids, felines, dromaeosaurs, raptorial birds, pterosaurs (not so much midsized). Its a nice balance of agility, endurance, efficiency and intelligence.
Also hyenas
Nature be like: big pupper, the ultimate life form
Nature is wise
@whesley hynes we do that to animal that are helpful to understand our own bodies. Rats, monkeys, pigs and yeah, maybe some other animal that gets close to use. Still, is not like scientist pay hunters to kill animals the most horrible ways they can imagine
@whesley hynes all species take something from others: canivores take from prey, herbivores from plants, parasites from their hosts, plants from the soil and all that died there. We are concious of that and some are trying to be a bit less parasitic.
Could you do a video on wolves that fish? Some wolves in Minnesota have been observed to do this. They hunt beavers too - actually their diet in general is fascinating. A video on that might be nice
Sounds pretty interesting.
There's an entire group of wolves in....Canada or Alaska, that live on the coast and eat almost entirely sea food, fish, shellfish, sea birds etc.
Hell my American cocker spaniel used to fish from my dock,and could dive under water to about 15 feet,just saying.
There's 2 German shepherds at Goliad farms in Texas that live almost entirely off African cichlids. 😆
I'd just like to know where they keep their poles! ;o)
With evolution constantly making wolves and crabs, how long until we see wild canines with pincers or howling crustaceans in packs?
I for one welcome our furry crab overlords
Crustaceans are the ultimate invertebrate while wolves are the ultimate vertebrate.
Exoskeleton vs Skeleton
Since 2020 has been a cf, I'm surprised they haven't popped up.
I really want to see both. But from, you know, a safe distance.
An episode about wolves. Best subject ever. Good job.
Dire wolf dressed like Janet from The Good Place: Not a wolf :)
I read the title as "dire wolves are real but wolves aren't real" so that was a mindfuck
@whesley hynes why do you implying that torturing to get knowledge is evil?
@whesley hynes All of modern medicine has been a product of biology. Without it the average lifespan would be around 40. Could practices be improved? Sure. But the field itself is absolutely not evil.
I love Eons and any time Sci Show covers Paleontology stuff. Hank's a big part of what has gotten me started doing TH-cam
@whesley hynes I keep looking back at my comment, then your reply, trying to see how these two things are the slightest bit connected... but I give up, you lost me.
@@PaleoAnalysis he's just a nutjob spamming everyone, don't engage with nutty trolls just report the spam.
When I awoke, The dire wolf, six hundred pounds of sin. Was grinning at my window, all I said was come on in. Don’t murder me, I beg of you, don’t murder me. -J. Garcia/R. Hunter
That's what I think of...
Thank you
They were like 150 pounds a lot less than we expected
@@exosproudmamabear558 Modern man to Dire Wolf: "I thought you'd be taller."
@@exosproudmamabear558 they were the same size we expected, people just decided to make dire wolf synonymous with "giant mythical wolf creature" for some reason,
Hi SciShow! Thank you for this one.
Grey Wolves were to the Dire Wolves what Home Sapiens were to the Neanderthals.
Actually neanderthals belong to the same genus as Homo Sapiens, white Grey wolves and Dire wolves belong both to two different genuses
Considering how close the Grey Wolf in the US was pushed to extinction (being the only species to be deliberately driven to that point by humans; in 1960 there were fewer than 300 grey wolves in the world) it's highly likely that even if they were still around, dire wolves would have been hunted to extinction.
Yes but at the very least if any had died within the last few hundred years and we still had their pelts, we could get a DNA sample and clone them
Not the ONLY species driven to the point of extinction by humans, not even in N. America.
@@sainjawoof3506 won't be the only species we lose just today
Of you meant the only species of wolfs you should probably make that clear, because as of now you are definitely wrong.
Grey wolves live in Eurasia and Canada as well and they're the same species as the one in the U.S., sooo...yeah, the species would not have been extinct, just cause it wasn't found in one country anymore. You're not the center of the universe...
Really puts into perspective just how quickly our preceptions of prehistoric animals can be revolutionized. Imagine 10 years ago suggesting Grey wolves and dire wolves were less related than Gray wolves of North America, and Black bakced jackals of Africa. 🤯
I wonder if we now have to start looking back at previous assumptions about Dire wolf behaviour and lifestyle that we just assumed were directly comparable to Gray wolves
Some art actually shows them looking more DOG-LIKE than our Gray Wolves.
well in hindsight it actually makes a lot of sense and kinda surprises me that we didn't connect the dots sooner.
think about it, it is common knowledge that closely related canines do interbreed with one another, so if the dire wolf and the grey wolf where closely related, it stands to reason that the two species would have done the same, which would have resulted in significant genetical differences between american wolves and eurasian ones.
It isnt. It just shows us that Scishow didnt do basic research and is applying pop-sci magazine logic of confusing cladistical ranking with taxonomy.
Two classifications of taxonomic rank whose mutation rate isnt high enough to cause a resurgence in features that arent separated by evolution (actual physical change of expressed genome) are always closer related to eachother than ones that arent no matter the point in time when they acquired sufficient differences per rank to be categorized as separate.
Or in other terms just because two species of crocs separated before e.g. the more recent 40~44 mil year separation of gavials, doesnt mean the crocs arent closer related to eachother (and thats discounting that in general eusuchians didnt change much at all compared to most other suborders in the last 179-180 mil years thus why they are still closer related to lizards, snakes and turtles compared to birds as the mutation rate of just non-neoaves birds alone puts them further apart despite crocs being closer to dinos than the other reptiles).
@@ANDELE3025 As I understood it, they were talking about phylogeny or separation from common ancestor the entire time, not physical similarity. Unless I'm getting your point wrong?
Gray Wolves and Black-Backed Jackals are just as distantly related as Dire Wolves and Gray Wolves; Black-Backed and Side-Striped Jackals are the closest living relatives of Dire Wolves
Evolution was like: "Friendship ended with crab, now wolf is best bauplan"
Wait, Bauplan is an English word??
@@WhatWouldJohnSay93 debatably? Its a german word but its used in animal biology in English. Not in any other context though.
There's.... actually a lot of that going on in biology.
German words show up in English in a lot of technical jargon from many different fields.
@@timseguine2 nice to put some german back in english after french threw most of it out
@@RhodianColossus Je ne sais quoi you mean?
If they aren't wolves, I bet they aren't that dire either and instead were actually quite mild.
@whesley hynes So you're saying we should all just sit around and wait to die from disease? Because anything medical - even something as simple as eating honey to soothe a sore throat - is biology. And obviously we can't grow anything to eat anymore either, because agriculture is also biology. And we can't hunt anymore wither since studying animals to know how to hunt them is also biology. Can't gather wild plants either, because knowing which ones are safe to eat is also biology. So. We're all supposed to sit and starve to death and/or die from f***ing strep throat. Sounds like a great plan!
This was supposed to be a cutesy comment with a cute wordplay. How did it get to this? ^
🤣🤣🤣😂
@@Amy_the_Lizard What did they say? Assuming it was something about being against biology?
@@lucifermorningstar8562 They basically said that all biology is inherantly evil and that everyone must reject it regardless of whether it literally kills them to do so because apparently anything else is unethical to them.
The tar pits in LA has a large and awesome collection of their skulls.
An almost ideal body type that is evolving into a crab, everything does eventually.
@Jion Stop spreading your qanon lies we all know well become little grey guys first then crabs.
@Jion NOOOO.... proceed to Crabs.
@Jion ... 🦀🦀🦀🦀
🦀🦀🦀🦀
It might be a local maximum on the scape of evolutionary fitness, but it is not the maximum.))
I'd always wondered why dire wolves and gray wolves didn't hybridize, when literally every other Canis species in the same habitat does that a lot. Being in a different genus makes a lot of sense!
They probably could hybridize but the relationship between the Canis Dirus (Dire Wolf) and Canis Lupus (grey wolf) was probably even worse than what grey wolves have with Canis Latrans (Coyote) which means the dire wolves probably hated their smaller cousins, the grey wolf for the same reasons why modern grey wolves hates coyotes. There’s no proof to say they couldn’t hybridize, just that they didn’t.
@littleaqua32 the coywolf is real and widespread though
Thank you for blessing us with content Hank 😘😘💜💜
Step 1: Use the DNA of a Dire wolf and make a hybrid Dire wolf. Step 2: Raise the Dire Wolf. Step 3: Ride the Dire wolf into battle! =)
Alternative: Just get a Malamute because they're basically the same size
I feel like there are better breeds to ride into battle without all the extra fuss. But if you do it I want a puppy.
What would you hybridize it with
Right when i saw the wolves i immediately went "i wanna pet it"
@Cyber Ghost I believe we were big-time hunters and wanted some of that predator magic. Fear and excitement the adrenaline rush of the hunt. I'm sure, particularly with the case of wolves we chased the same prey over vast distances on parallel and converging trails. Both being persistence hunters that chase game to exhaustion. Our big brains saw something there which we felt very close to on a deep, arguably spiritual level.
You'd be surprised to know how many wild animal species enjoy being petted.
From wild wolves, to birds, to elephants, to even some fish.
Tiger spotted.
Me: Here, kitty, kitty, kitty!
This is quite literally my favorite channel!!! It’s so educational and interesting without being Ass numbingly dull. The information is consumable and memorable, the inclusion of images and videos give visual learners like me a successful way to retain it all.
Not to mention the wide variety of subject matter has something for everyone to enjoy.
Imagine being apart of the Coun Alpinus but everyone just calls you "dhole" for short
They might not be wolves, but when I look at them, I still think "giant fluffy doggo, must pet!"
Danger floof
Hangry Danger Floof
Ur the type of person thats ignorant about animals, i love watching and hearing about freak accidents or death by wild animals.
Don't you mean "They might not be wolves SO when I look at them I still think "giant fluffy dog,must pet!""
@@mythplatypuspwned you get it
If you want to see scary, look at a modern lion skull versus an American lion skull. I wouldn't want to run into a modern lion in a dark alley; I wouldn't want to run into an American lion ANYWHERE. Thanks
My friend Henry Long Ranger, aren't scared of none of em.
@@funyun LoL
It's still not bigger than a Liger.
I knew what Dire Wolves were before watching GOT, so I was excited to see them on the show.
Very cool! But FYI the cyon in aenocyon is from Greek κύων, which just means "dog" - "terrible wolf" would be something like "aenolycus" from λύκος "wolf" - I'm being pedantic on this point only because the video is about what name is appropriate
It's not being pedantic, I despise incorrect grammar and spelling, there is no need at this time. I know that I make errors but how will I learn if you won't teach me. Thanks for the additional information ❤️.
2:50
I read that as “caneenee” and now I can’t stop saying it
Wait if the interbreeding between these canines happen could that explain why dire wolf is more distant related?
That was a very good video. A lot of info and not any nonsense.
I remember the first time I saw footage of Narwhals ("The Unicorns of the Sea"), and thought "WTF, they are real???!!"
I knew tell were real, but I was expecting their horns to be ugly in real life because I was told it was a tooth
"They're like wolves, but dire."
Pinnacle of evolution : " *Crabs in the Sea and Wolves on Land* "
Dude who named them Aenocyon: YOU ALL LAUGHED
All the GoT fans are rejoicing 🐺
What about the Space Wolves?
Crapy TV show 🥱
Meh
I read that title and thought it meant that dire wolves were real, but normal wolves weren't and whatever that implies scares me
Okay. If one shows up... *you* get to tell him he's not a wolf.
"Sir are you aware you are not a wolf?" "Woof?"
He's my favorite SchiShow'er.... Would be a good video doing bios on all of the speakers.
There is a breeder in California that has developed a Dire Wolf lookalike over the past 30-40 years.
Very interesting, informative and worthwhile video. Many thanks for the links to the papers.
Hello there fellow PBS Eons squad 👋
Aren't we just all the same though..
Well, the channels are run by basically the same people, so the overlap in fanbase makes sense
What’s upppp!!
Hi👋
Yo
i forgot this channel, happy youtube showed me it again
When I hear "Dire Wolf" I think of a scary card-playing character from a Grateful Dead song.
I cut my deck to the queen of spades
But the cards were all the same
@@robertanderson5092 Exactly! Most won't get it.
I've been around this whole country
But I never yet found Fennario
I was in a very, dire, need to know this.
I'm curious about something. They dig a lot of different animals out of the La Brea tar pits. Did they ever find humans in there?
Only one set of human remains have been found so far.
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Brea_Woman
These paintings are fantastic
At first I misunderstood the title and thought that in this video Hank would be disproving the existence of wolves 🤦🏻♀️
I don't know why I'm surprised to see hank in so many science videos from so many different TH-cam channels
3:40 "Why does evolution like wolves so much?"
Me: Why does evolution also like cats so much?
Also, *C R A B*
And the alligator/crocodile body type, for some reason 🤔
Meow there's a question
@@lyndsaybrown8471 I approve of this pun.
Learning that they're different just made them cooler.
As a first generation Tasmanian, every time a thylacine is mentioned, I feel a bit ashamed.
We now have 3 choices: return to monke, evolve to crab, or evolve to wolf.
Hi, random question but does that mean dire wolves are not likely to have howled like grey wolves?
Impossible to say for sure, but given we are faily sure (I say fairly because as this shows, ourunderstanding can be flipped on its head in an instant) that Dire wolves were social pack hunters, and that Gray wolves howl for social communication, it's not hard to imagine needing a sound for the same purpose
Although African Wild Dogs, being more closely realted, with a similar niche, *don't* have the iconic howl (This is the closest sound I think th-cam.com/video/hPiFdOStVkM/w-d-xo.html&ab_channel=AfricaGeographic), they might have a different sound for the same purpose.
How'll we know?
@@pierreabbat6157 We won't, unless some future mindblowing tech allows us to recreate muscle, organs, skin and fur from bone fragments
@@amphicyon4359 Actually, there's some sources saying that dire wolves might not have been as social as other canines, operating in smaller family units of 4-8 instead of big packs a dozen or more. Which may have also had a hand in their extinction. Even large canines can be driven off a kill if it's only 4 vs 8 or 10.
Howling seems to be unique to members of the Canis genus. African wild dogs and dholes, both pack hunters in their own genus, chatter and shriek.
Others when they see [dire] wolves
*fearsome predator*
Me when i see [dire] wolves
“FLUFFY FLUFF! MUST PET!”
Am so tired of the constant references to fantasy creatures whenever dire wolves come up. I welcome Aenocyon Dirus as the new name for this beautiful creature
Or fantasy in the sense of still existing, much like the saber-tooth.
Dread Wolf sounds cooler
They should start naming and categorizing these points of convergent evolution. Could be useful for thinking about life on other planets similar to earth
I always think of AoE2 when somebody talks about Dire Wolfs...
@SciShow Slight correction. The Ice Age and the Late Pleistocene are not synonymous terms. The Late Pleistocene refers to the time period between ~130,000 --> ~12,000 years ago, during which there was both a warm interglacial stage (the Eemian, during which conditions were more like today) and a cold glacial stage (i.e. the last Ice Age). The Pleistocene was characterized by multiple periodic shifts between warm and cold periods. In fact, many scientists propose that there's really no reason to think we're not still in the Pleistocene, and this is just the latest interglacial period.
Hank: Why does evolution seem to like wolves?
Because..........doggos!
Title: "Dire wolves were real but they weren't wolves."
Makes sense
0:13 i think of "HHHEEELO EVERYONE this is direwolf20 and welcome to episode" when i hear direwolf
direwolf20, now that's a name I haven't heard in a long time.
same, brings back old memories.
@@rafisofyan ikr, he still plays Minecraft, he literally just uploaded a new video a few hours ago.
Dude; just awesome.
Thanks.
I studied anthropology at the university of western Ontario. I was very interested in the relationship between early humans and wolves, but I couldn’t understand why we didn’t develop a relationship with dire wolves . You pretty much cleared up my questions.
"Dread wolf" sounds way cooler than "dire wolf."
"We might still have them today, which would be lovely & Terrifying" Lol
Thanks for giving me mild flashbacks when you said "ideal shape for a predator," now I'm imagining every land predator evolving into a wolf
Won't happen, because everything will evolve into crab.
And then the wolves will be crab.
Wolves might be the ideal predator, but crab definitely has them beat.
Wolves: Party Animal
Dire Wolves: 1% club
Oh
When I hear the words "Dire wolves", I think of my adolescence spent near Chicago and haunting the Field Museum and the Art Institute
Were they like normal wolves, only dire?
I guess you could say they where in dire need for help to avoid extinction
i love everything about the aenocyon canis or dire wolf its like my spirit animal the moment i heard about the wolf i went crazy doing research and everything to know about this wolf. Overall i love the DIRE WOLF
2:35 Is that one doggo named "dhole?"
What did it do lol
Yep, its common name in English is "dhole". It's a pack-living carnivore, as wolves are, but smaller.
Thanks for the video! :)
as long as the Holy Roman Empire can be named That i feel very comfortable with the common name for dire wolves.
At first I read the title as meaning "Dire wolves were real, but regular wolves aren't real" and you can imagine my confusion
and I was thinking "what is it then? a bear?" lol...
I want a Dire wolf, to be my loyal friend, and name him Grey wind
Aenocyon dirus, such a shame they are all gone.
Why is this guy explaining science to me all over TH-cam
So since there's a marsupial that looks like a wolf, how do we know the dire wolf wasn't a marsupial as well?
Proof reading is a wonderful thing
I remember speaking with a friend, and they mentioned a dire _something_ -- I forget what, exactly, but it wasn't a wolf. So I was like, huh! So it was like, really big? And she said, yeah, and all the bone spikes, like that was a normal thing. I was very confused, and it took a few minutes to figure out that d&d Dire Whatever always have those protruding bone spikes, and that I knew of them bc paleo nerd. We'd both never heard of the other usage before that conversation xD (this was pre GoT, fwiw)
"Dire wolves weren't wolves"
me: so they were shape shifting dinosaurs from space??
When I hear the words
"dire wolf" I think of the
Grateful Dead song.
Still, we learned of that extinct
species in grade school. They're
preserved in the La Brea tar pits.
I think Ark: Survival Evolved.
I'm surprised that this video wasn't updated to include the finding of the previously thought extinct: Thylacine. It was recently rediscovered. To be fair it was only in the news for a day, or part of a day.
No live thylacines have been found in this century. What was found was some previously unknown film footage of the last living thylacine, taken in 1935. The animal died in 1936 and none have been seen since.
It wasn't confirmed to be rediscovered, the footage was determined to be Tasmanian Pademelons. Thylacine claims happen all the time, I'm not sure why that one got more attention considering the footage wasn't even reviewed yet when the news started going around.
I love the implication in the title that wolves are not real
Less not forget the Fox
When I awoke, the Dire Wolf, six hundred pounds of sin
Was grinning at my window, all I said was come on in
Don't murder me, I beg of you, don't murder me
Please, don't murder me
-- Robert Hunter
So a wolf is just a form that a species might take. This is such a radical view of evolution. Lovely.