Europe's Last Hunter-Gatherers | Pitted Ware Culture
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- เผยแพร่เมื่อ 17 พ.ค. 2024
- Existing from about 3500 BC to 2300 BC this was a hunter-gatherer-fisher culture of southern Scandinavia, thriving along the coasts of Sweden, the Danish Islands, Jutland, and a bit of Norway.
The Pitted Ware people were maritime hunters who lived separately to the Neolithic farmers who dwelled inland in the same regions.
They were a genetically homogeneous and distinct population descended from earlier Mesolithic Scandinavian Hunter-Gatherers.
So what happened to the last hunter-gatherers of Europe?
(The Pitted Ware culture appear in my novel Thunderer: Gods of Bronze 2. In the story they're called the Seal People.)
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Sticks, Stones, and Broken Bones Neolithic Violence in a European Perspective - Rick J. Schulting & Linda Fibiger ➜ amzn.to/3wvVXPA
Arrowheads as indicators of interpersonal violence and group identity
among the Neolithic Pitted Ware hunters of southwestern Scandinavia - Rune Iversen (2016)
Trade, immiserising growth and the long-term neolithisation process
of the Pitted Ware Culture - Serge Svizzero (2015)
Pitted ware culture: Isotopic evidence for contact between Sweden and
Denmark across the Kattegat in the Middle Neolithic, ca. 3000 BC - Price, Klassen, Sjogren (2020)
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-- People of the Bronze Age series --
People of the Bronze Age Playlist: • The Yamnaya Culture | ...
Yamnaya ➜ • The Yamnaya Culture | ...
Corded Ware ➜ • The Corded Ware Cultur...
Funnelbeaker ➜ • The Funnelbeaker Cultu...
Pitted Ware ➜ • Europe's Last Hunter-G...
Cucuteni-Trypilla ➜ • Cucuteni-Trypillia Cul...
Maykop ➜ • Bronze Age Mountain Ki...
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I should say there is more nuance than stated in the video. The interactions and movements of different groups is complex and more evidence is emerging all the time. The Anatolian Hunter Gatherers are not exactly synonymous with Western Hunter Gatherers and cluster separately. The exact relationship isn't well understood. It may be that a people ancestral to both moved through Anatolia into Europe. But they continued to interact and share DNA after their separation, whenever that was. There isn't enough data yet to know for sure but they were very closely related. And the Anatolian Farmers had maybe 10%-20% Caucasus Hunter Gatherer and about 10% Levantine first farmer DNA which isn't much really. They mostly adopted farming through cultural changes rather than demographic changes.
Watch the next episode in this series here: th-cam.com/video/Bk2Qbf1YQbI/w-d-xo.html
Just ordered book 1&2! I'll be waiting on the front porch for Amazon on saturday! Can't wait
@@joshuadaniel5371 awesome! Well, I hope you enjoy the stories :)
Not levantine.
www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-09209-7
""Interestingly, while we observe a continued presence of the AHG-related gene pool throughout the studied period, a pattern of genetic interactions with neighboring regions is evident from as early as the Late Pleistocene and early Holocene. In addition to the local genetic contribution from earlier Anatolian populations, Anatolian Aceramic farmers inherit about 10% of their genes from a gene pool related to the Neolithic Iran/Caucasus while later ACF derive about 20% of their genes from another distinct gene pool related to the Neolithic Levant.
"
"WHILE LATER ACF..."
They don't said anything about levantine admixture in the first anatolian hunter gatherer...
Also, the EEF of your drawing at 13:06 is not really correct.
Here is an article that talks about EEFs: thuletide.wordpress.com/2020/08/14/faces-of-ancient-europe/
Here is what he says about it and related reconstructions (6. Early European Farmers (7,000 to 1,000 BC)
'Note: There is a distinct lack of good quality EEF reconstructions.
Complexion: Pale
Hair color: Black, varied shades of brown, rare instances of blonds that increase in frequency over time
Eye color: Mostly brown, some green and blue"
i.imgur.com/g4V0Wvh.png
Just some thoughts.
I thought your general overall depiction of this and other groups you've portrayed as probably as 'rea'l as I have seen by those attempting to capture the character of those times. I beleive the biggest point you are articulating generally is the ethic of ethnic tribalism where there is very little mixing of ancient super-tribes and this I beleive you have done wholly on the indisputable evidence of the DNA demographics. I would encourage you to stick to your guns :-) as this view of man conflicts with a tsunami of popular culture world views that have a rose tinted bon hommè view of sweet mankind. The gross replacement of one super tribe by another visible in the big DNA picture speaks of a cultural ruthlessness that we know existed. We need to be careful not to water this down at the less DNAable (new word?) local level. The world of trade I beleive is more likely to have existed within super-family related groups than some of the more imaginative inter-sper tribe bartering portrayed by many.
Fundamentally, we in the West are prone to dressing up pre-history in the irenic clothes of our contemporary Judeo-Christian-underpinned culture. Survival of the fittest in Europe was slowly replaced from around 2000 years ago by a different belief system that bore the values and pillars of traditional Western culture namely; fear free learning, fear free justice, fear free care systems manifesting in the libearal deocracy, education and care systems in place in the West. We in the West have largely been brought up in this fear free environment but, I beleive, if we dont introspectively recognise this we will make the mistake of assuming other cultures, both ancient and modern, lived in a similarly blessed and harmonic way.
Your U-tube clips therefore are I beleive more holistically accurate. Please dont dumb down the big message you are putting across because of the PC of those living within the Christian-Judeo bubble who are unappreciative of the blessing they are living under :-)
Keep the good work up Sunbeam!
My family has lived in rural southeast Missouri for 6 generations. Back 50 years ago when 'everyone farmed' the people spent a number of days each year fishing, gigging, netting, hunting, foraging etc...for literally tons of free food. Even during the depression people may not have had 'store bought' food but most everyone could live on wild harvest.
My ppl, the Cajuns lived on the Bayou Lafourche since any 1700. We fish and trap and hunt and farm to this day.
My brother and his wife live in rural Alaska, and harvest moose and salmon every year.
Family from southern Illinois … ware is what brought me here
We do so also in Moselle
Both pounds and hunting.
I just want to say that this is probably the best way to promote a book I've yet to see.
My interest is well beyond piqued at this point.
Lol thanks. When I started making videos 90% of my viewers were my own fans.
@@DanDavisHistory It sure got me curious about the series. Bought the prequel and then the two novels on Amazon after seeing your videos.
I wish to buy the books but are only able to find Them on Amazone and im not so happy about that
wow, The Bronze age is truly one of the most interesting and important ages of man!
Yes absolutely. I think I should have called this series People of the Third Millennium BC as there were many still in a Neolithic way of life.
@@DanDavisHistory well whatever you call it it's great! you really set the scene.
Thank you!
@@Bone_Thug you have a lot to learn my friend
I've been a giant history nerd since I was a kid. Have just finished watching like 4-5 of your videos in a row. Great work and thanks for making my day.
Sometimes history is more fascinating than the present. Haha
Wow. Some of the best narrated content on prehistory online. Very excited to have found your channel.
Thank you, that's a fine compliment!
@@DanDavisHistory and a well deserved one!
@@DanDavisHistory you really have an incredible channel!
Was wondering if you could do something on otzi the iceman?
Stone age type culture was very similar to Eastern woodland North American tribes.
Also, slate was a material that had been used for thousands of years in North Scandinavia and it was infact one of the cultural elements adopted from the North Scandinavian hunter gatherers. Should state that I have an MA in archaeology from Umeå University, the northernmost archaeological department in Sweden. There is a lot that comes in a different light when one start to look into the north Scandinavian material. But North Scandinavia were not a backwater of South Scandinavia. Archaeologically it is a distinct different region into the iron age. Their connections goes east and they even learn about metals from the east, not from the south.
Thank you. :-)
Personally I found this video the most interesting because I live in Trøndelag in Norway.
And it sometimes feels like this period is just a black hole here with most of the information being from either further north or south or east...
The brilliance of these vids is that they fire the imagination and evoke scenes of histories with no written record, but without taking undue liberties with the archaeology for titillation's sake. Bloody well done mate.
Thank you, that's very kind of you.
no one need space alien giants from the planet zard as ancestors and a substitute for ancient history. Reality, though more complex, is far more interesting than a comic book history.
Titillations
Smart move showing that you researched the period well before writing. It convinced me, I purchased the books. Now, I'll let you take me back in time.
Along with "HomeTeam History" and the "Fall of Civilizations" podcast, this channel has made the top 3 on my favorite history channels list on TH-cam. Love this content!!
Agreed!
Wouldn't it be funny that the two cultures of the pitted and the corded people's mythologies reflected in their rivalry like how the Aesir gods had a rivalry with the Vanir gods. Would explain why in ancient Scandinavian mythology there is 2 different groups of gods. Was always curious about that.
Yeah a few people have suggested that. I think Jackson Crawford has at least one video about this subject and not that I blindly believe what any expert says but I trust his expertise and opinion.
@@DanDavisHistory I will have to check it out, yeah I hear you on that, always got to take everything especially anything post christianity with a grain of salt when it comes to this kind of subject.
@@DanDavisHistory do you have a link to this video?
This is solid. I am not getting a twitch of nerd rage or anything. Pretty good so far.
Thanks.
I would lowkey love to see a bunch of history nerds argue about which pre-iron age civilization is the best like a bunch of Star Trek nerds arguing about their favorite captain
Love that you show high amounts of seals and average Scandinavian people in your video. Subscribed for more videos of seals as a background to discussions of prehistory.
These are great and well informed discussions of Scandinavian archaeogenetics.
Thank you.
"Pitted ware culture developed shorter legs and narrower noses" -so I'm not short and ugly, I'm just a descendant of badass hunter-gatherers. Good to know!
Height doesn’t always means your legs are big some people have long torsos so that’s why they’re taller.
@@kevinprzy4539 okay thanks
I listen and compare the different approaches to their environments of the Mesolithic/Neolithic Peoples of Eurasia with my own “Hunter-Gatherer” Lakota Folk (who I am only 3 generations from), and our stories of Farming Peoples we had contact with. I look forward to your whole series.
Indeed mankind, no matter where you find them, is much more similar than many might think. That familiarity and interconnectedness, similar stories and experiences repeating or at least rhyming.
Excellent, again. Your experience as a story teller shines through. A bunch of facts is not enough. And I like the way you casually quote an expert, and also your own modest theories.
Those stone battleaxes look remarkably lethal.
average scandianvian man XD
😀
I know, it is quite unbelievable. However, the average Scandinavian woman appears a fair representation. 🙂
@@DanDavisHistory they probably used bows.. ash elm??
I really like these videos. Please keep making them. There are so many interesting prehistoric cultures.
Maybe the Bell beaker introgressions into neolithic Britain!
Thank you. I will certainly make a video on the Bell Beakers.
Thank You, Dan. This was really interesting for me as I now live in Pitted ware country, as far as i can tell by your maps. I left archeology back around 1972. I was fascinated by the Ertebölle Culture as it seemed to me that they were on the edge of moving into agriculture. I really like your way of presenting. My wife and I like to spend time in Brantevik. Lots of petroglyphs! I'm looking forward to your presentation. Thank you so much, and please, keep up the good work. Best wishes, JH
Wonderful, so glad you enjoyed it. I am also fascinated by the Ertebölle Culture and will be researching them further in the near future, along with Mesolithic Britain.
Thank you! I've been waiting eagerly for this video since you announced it in the earlier episode. I can't think of any other TH-camr whose science is more "fresh from the oven" in this field, which is the more impressive from a fiction author. As a Scandinavian, I have taken a special interest in the prehistory of the area, and I am pleased to see it represented so well. Guess it's time to get those books and see how you have used all this information in your writing!
Thank you Magnus, it's great to hear that. I have long had an interest in the prehistory of Europe but I am merely an enthusiastic amateur with regards to the science and the emerging studies and am liable to make mistakes. I hope that you enjoy the stories and future videos.
Thank you so, so much for covering this.
I live in Trøndelag in Norway so this covers some of our ancestors and a part of our history that's otherwise hard to pin down...
Great video! Here are some thoughts of mine:
-Scandinavian hunter-gatherers were almost certainly far taller at an average of 181.4 cm than people of the Battle Axe culture who were offshoots of Yamnaya who averaged 175.5 cm. I wish I could post links without having my comment deleted. For my source, simply search: "From stone to bronze in prehistoric Scandinavia". That's for Scandinavian Hunter Gather (Pitted Ware) height. Yamnaya height it's easy to Google.
- I believe modern Scandinavians are more closely related to Pitted Ware than Battle Axe (haplogroup I versus haploid group R1b). As a digression, it has been customary in Scandinavia to stunt the height of boys who seem like they will grow past 190 cm, and women who seem like they will grow past 180 cm, through the use of hormones. Scandinavian heights will probably increase as this custom is being done away with.
- At 7:26 the boats were much more advanced than that. They were ships, already featuring figureheads reminiscence of those seen in the Viking age. This can be seen in the petroglyphs of Scandinavia. I am sadly not allowed to post the link, but the petroglyphs can easily be found through Google. I'm not sure how many of these are from the later Bronze Age, though.
Looking forward to reading the book(s)!
Aperantly Im 100% closer match to the berggraven woman, than other people tested in mytrueancestory. My wife got a match from another grave on Gotland. Allso a grave of the battle axe culture. But Im uncertain If they have run tests toward archeological finds from pitted ware culture or If that is about to come later. Ive read that modern scandinavians is the only ones that carry a small amount of genome from the SHGs and to a greater amount from PWC. How can the scientists distinguish the genome between battle axe culture and SHG and PWC tho since it seem like they imigrated to scandinavia via different routes and different times from northern russia? Wouldnt the genome be quite the same? With some difference, caucasian hunter gatherer mixed in the corded ware culture, If Im not misstaken, to make an example? I have never figured that out.
@@faravid1045 I have tendonitis and must use voice to text. Please excuse any gibberish That causes.
I am out of my depth, but I can't tell you some things you might find interesting. The Pitted wear culture What's made up of Scandinavian Hunter gatherers. Scandinavian Hunter gatherers Where an amalgamation of Western and Eastern hunter-gatherers. The eastern ones came across the western coast of Norway from Russia. The western ones came from continental Europe. Battle Ax culture What's an offshoot of The corded Ware culture, a Yamnaya culture.
As I understand it, Modern Scandinavians are a pretty equal mix of these two peoples. I suppose we know that from looking at Haplo groups and mitochondrial DNA. That that Mix Happened is interesting, because The Yamnaya usually Displaced people where they settled. They might have failed in doing that in Scandinavia because the locals were Very pale and therefore better able to Stay Healthy by converting sunlight to vitamin D. Norway was also mountainous, And therefore difficult to conquer. Furthermore, Scandinavian hunter gatherers Where very tall. Even taller than the yamnaya Who were themselves Quite tall. That must have made them difficult to conquer.
@Faravid Oh, and the yamnaya Also came from continental Europe.
@@Galdring Ah yeah. Ive read something about that allso. Interesting indeed for a history nerd as myself. So little we actually know but now can be revealed with the tools of modern science.
@@faravid1045 Prehistoric history is becoming quite the field! Here is a genetic report from last summer that shows that modern Scandinavians are as closely related to Scandinavian hunter-gatherers as they are to the people of the battle axe culture. In other words, they were not absorbed by the battle ax culture, neither genetically nor culturally. They were the one people in Europe that withstood the Yamnaya, and merged with them.
Love the work your outing into this.
Thank you!
Excellent! Thank you Dan! Off subject: I did enjoy the pictures of the three sided flint arrowheads, because one of the best flint knappers in North America has made reproductions of those points and was explaining how difficult they were to make. He let me examine them-I was honored to touch them (like some farmer wanting to trade mead for martin furs) And he thought the three sided points were early Armor piercing points (bodkin). Personally I did not agree (because what armor?) until I began to read about the warlike step cultures. But perhaps the unique arrowhead shape was not armor piercing but actually used by the "Seal People" for punching through a seal, -and maybe once used on of those milk guzzling invaders dressed in heavy winter clothes. However the funny part (to me) in relationship to your video, is that the master knapper is of Norwegian or Swedish ancestry, his name is very difficult to pronounce and has the classic scandi blond hair blue eyes. (a retired dentist from San Antonio) And is very proud of those arrowheads-as he should be.
Thanks Bruce, glad you enjoyed it. Armour piercing is an interesting suggestion. There's no evidence of armour here as far as I know but some pre-modern societies including hunter gatherers around the world have used armour made of wood and bone and leather. So it's possible certainly but punching through hides is also very likely.
Fabulously crafted video!!! Fantastically well done thank you so much. This channel deserves a million subscribers, truly.
Maybe one day! Thanks for your support, I appreciate it.
Excellent video! Accurate, interesting, easy to understand, quick, and to the point! Keep it up!
Thank you! Much appreciated. The complex reality is simplified of course but that's how it has to be for a short vid.
Fascinating as always! Thanks!
Thank you.
Hope your novel addresses the fact that Beaker / Corded Ware peoples, presumed to be the direct descendants of the Yamnaya Culture, are known to have carried Y-pestis anti-bodies and it is now suspected that they brought an early variation of the Black Death with them into Europe from the Pontic steppes which would explain why they were able to replace ie wipe out existing cultures
I will be making videos about this in future!
Its come to knowledge by dna that corded ware were not descended from yamnaya but from another culture much like yamnaya, like sredny stog culture
I have read the books. They're really good and now that I see where they came from I want to read more of them. I've always been interested in Bronze Age trade routes and civilization and this is really rewarding to hear/read.
Thanks Leslee, that's great to hear!
Wow this channel is so underrated. Love the way this is presented!
Reading Godborn, book one now and I am enjoying.
Love the videos as well.
Wonderful, so glad to hear that, thank you. I hope you like the rest of the story and series.
Best channel on TH-cam. Keep up the great work!
also quite interesting to learn the reindeer herders were not originally a Scandinavian phenotype.
That's not true. It's true that Sami language and culture came later and some geneflow with it, but the major bulk of Sami genetics come from European hunter-gatherers, way more than your average Swedes or Norwegians.
@@Zuukable Not correct though, as they usually share the same DNA as Finns and other Finnic peoples. DNA even show that the Finnish invaders most likely killed off the hunter-gatherer men while they raped the hunter-gatherer women. Nowadays Sami have very little in common with the people mentioned here.
If I remember correctly,the Battle Axe people spoke an Indo European proto Germanic language. Supposedly Germanic as a whole has a non IE substrate,I wonder from which people and when it came from? Interesting vid man. Glad I subscribed.
Yeah it's a possibility that Germanic languages have a lot of older words from the Neolithic or Mesolithic peoples. Those in favour of this theory suggest the loan words relate most often to things like seafaring technology or place names that the Battle Axe etc would have inherited or learned from the previous people. But I believe it's a contentious issue and other linguists say the weirdness of Germanic can be explained by ordinary language shifts and yet others say it formed from a creole of proto-baltic-slavic with finnic / uralic influence. Personally I have no idea as I'm not a linguist and don't understand the technical details but it's a fascinating problem.
@@DanDavisHistory the sea has much more food than land, here in iceland it was forbidden to fish for how long cos farmers ruled and controlled the workforce , the public, in times of lack of food even , or was it farmers controlling the right to fish so non farmers could not . even if the sea is huge and had plenty of fish for more to go fishing. .. so interesting to see about those earliest seal hunters on boats.
At least 30% of Slavs originate from east germanic tribes like Vandals, Scirii and Bastarnae. Migration route was from Pomerania to Carpathian/Black sea region, as early as 500 bc, exactly where ethnogenesis of Slavs happened. So there is an considerable germanic substrate in Slavic languages. Not to mention other similarities like pantheon. Chief deity Perun (the Striker) is obviously Thor.
Great underrated channel. Keep it up!
Thanks, will do!
Yet another excellent video. Thank you!
Fantastic work. Really appreciated. Bless up 👊
Another great video, well researched and wonderful storytelling. I really love your sincere love and respect for the various peoples and and cultures that are the subjects of your educational videos.
As a modern, blonde and blue eyed scandinavian, I feel humbled and proud, adding bits of insights insights into what may well be part of my genetoc ancestry.
I just finished listening to "Godborn", and I really loved it. Knowing how well researched you are and the level of committment you have for the subject really brought a lot of depth and sincerity to the story. Now I am very much looking forward to "Thunderer", and beyond!
Thank you Magnus, I'm so glad you've enjoyed the videos and Godborn. And I hope you like Thunderer too! Cheers.
Great series you have produced. Will you do a Amber trade episode? Amber is what it was all about here in the north. Northern Netherlands coast and Baltic sea coast (Denmark, Germany,Poland). Amber is what made southerners come here in the Bronze age.
Thank you, I appreciate that. You know, I have many videos planned for the Bronze Age People series and also many in a Bronze Age Warfare series but I never thought of doing one on the amber trade. That's a great idea, I'm going to write that down, thanks. "The Amber Road" or "The Gold of the North." Nice one.
@@DanDavisHistory Archeologist Kristian Kristiansen thinks the Minoans came to Sweden/Norway to trade for Amber . Thats what the rock carvings are about according to him. Not all historians agree, but I think he has a point. Baltic amber was found in Egypt probably traded through ancient Greece. Imagine the stories and adventures lost in time. The Tollense Battle might have a relation with that trade too.
I have the utmost respect for Kristiansen and his views are worth taking seriously. That would be a truly remarkable trade route, I hope that it's true. I'll have to look into this further. And I will do a Tollense video eventually too.
@@DanDavisHistory I'm looking forward to that.
@@fourravens4638 Why was amber so valuable ?
Excellent video! Such a fascinating, overlooked yet crucial period of human history. The stone and bronze ages are painfully tantalizing because of the sparse or nonexistent records, and Im left with more questions than answers about what the hell was going on. We just cant ever know a lot of it and thats irritating lol.
I can't help but wonder if the interaction between the pitted wear people and the battle axe culture lives on in Norse mythology. Specifically the myth about how the farmer people weren't allowed to settle most of Scandinavia until after they had intermarried with the "Jotuns". Specifically, the leaders of the two groups were said to have intermarried, so that the old king's family could not be said to have been dispossessed by invaders. Jotun is typically translated as Giant, but it actually share it's root with the word for "to eat". Those who devour, consume, or eat makes sense as a way for farmers to describe unsettled hunter gatherer cultures especially if relations between the two groups were initially strained.
Great stuff this channel!
I've been writing on and off for years now my self, trying to build up a basis for a "civilizations" type novel. Or more probably series of novels.
I'm passionate about the topics of archaeology, history, anthropology, mythology/theology, and sociology...
I hope you don't mind me saying that his channel is becoming an inspiration to me.
I haven't read your novels yet, (I only discovered your work a few days ago), but you've gained a subscriber, and I will certainly be buying your first book, so you'll have gained a reader too. Thank-you for your brilliant work!
Wow thank you so much, that's wonderful. I wish you all the best with your novels, I would love to see a prehistoric genre growing. I hope you enjoy my books too!
Well done, much enjoyed! Helps me understand the neo-lithic era more clearly....tons of history to be had, but any chance of some finnic, karelia lake ladoga, oesillian ,curonian interpretations? Always digging for more 👌
Thank you! Yeah it's not an area I know in detail because I only really research in detail the times and places my novels take place. The eastern Baltic is still a bit of a blank spot for now.
Were there any non Indo European speakers in northern eastern Europe in the Roman Iron Age? Like the Basques or speakers of languages descended from pitted ware culture?
Pitted Ware is quite interesting.
I once worked on an excavation of a pitted ware cult area, in notheast Denmark.
Like you said, they had some kind of Bear cult on Kainsbakke (also in Denmark) but in Ginnerup we found a site of pitted ware horse cult.
5000 tears ago they had dug a long trench, and filled it with crushed pottery, animal bones, and… horse jaws! Beneath each jaw they had placed a flint scraper-tool, perhaps the tool used to flay the horse.
I used to use a slate knife I made for myself when I was a kid before I was allowed to have a pocket knife.
It was confiscated at school. I made another one & carried on my activities.
Is this your own art you included in to show the different visual groups? I love it! That is such a great an informative tool I feel is often missing from a lot of archeology videos. So many people talk about all the history and items... and gloss over the people that made them!! Great Job!
02:52 Average scandinavian man & woman.
Yep. Absolutely. That's what I look like. lol
Alas, i look more like the old pitted-face lady than those descendants of pitted-ware peeps.
It's kind of like rock-paper-scissors.
Battle-axe smashes pottery.
wow this channel is a treasure!
Thanks, you're a treasure too, bro.
It is quite fascinating to learn Hunter gathered and farming cultures coexisted at all let alone for so long. I didn't even know they did so at all.
Considering that farmers pretty much stuck to the valleys in most places, this left a lot of room for hunter-gatherers to wander about. They would've mostly traded rather than fought, because they didn't compete for territory, and each had access to resources that the other lacked.
@@slappy8941 A similar relationship developed with the Saami (herders/hunters) later
Keep it up man love it
Thanks@
Bloody great vid!
Thanks! And double thanks really cos I learned from the master.... (Pewdipie).
I so much am enjoying your channel! Appreciate the creative work that you put into these videos...very educational and fascinating looks into our past....or shall I say the life,times and culture of our great ancestors ! Subscribed! 🐦
Thank you so much. Positive comments like this make my day.
Brilliant mate! I'm not the brightest but our history is mesmerising to me! Videos like this allow me to follow and understand. So thankyou you got a new fan 👍
Thank you! Sounds like you've come to the right place then. Cheers.
The people who say things like "I'm not the brightest" usually are way smarter than the ones who call themselves intelligent.
@@AmandaMerkel very kind thankyou.
This gotta be one of the better advertisements I’ve ever seen
Would be interesting to see a video on the comb ceramic culture by you.
Thank you, I will add it to the list.
I was entirely absorbed.
Before you venture south, though, is there anything of note about the ancestors of modern Finlanders?
Asking for a friend ... 🤭
Thank you. It's a time and place of great interest to me but I must do more research before I feel confident enough to talk about it.
Thanks. Well narrated.
Late stone age and early bronze age is my favourite period if history
The World needs the fictional history of the European ethnogenesis. Thank you for your in depth passion!
Great stuff!
Thanks!
this is series is amazing! I am hyped for the future travels. May i request an additional side step to non-Egyptian northern Africa of that time as we travel south before traveling east?
Yeah well the Gods of Bronze series is recreating the Twelves Tasks of Herakles in the Third Millennium BC but I am opening the scope out across Eurasia rather than mostly in Greece. In the myths, Herakles travels to the garden of the Hespirades said to be in Tartessos in southern Iberia. He also visits Atlas to get him to get the sacred apple he needs to complete his task - and Atlas is holding up the world in the Atlas Mountains on the other side of the Mediterranean in North Africa. So yeah my hero will go there but I'm not sure what book number it will be yet or how long it will be before I do a video on it. But it's still coming eventually.
@@DanDavisHistory damn... spoilers.
But i Guess I did ask for it :p
I mainly meant the yt series, btw...
lol I'm sorry. But you know, er, it's not the destination anyway, it's the journey. And the friends we made along the way...
The series is also a prequel of sorts to the Immortal Knight Chronicles. The main guy is in that a little bit.
@@DanDavisHistory I'm kidding :p I want to read it anyway, and don't care much about minor spoilers. Makes me more interested so far tbh
Do one on bell beaker next (they also spread to Scandinavia).
Yes I will do Bell Beakers eventually for sure but not next. I will do them when I write book 3 of Gods of Bronze later this year.
I reckon being bigger plays a role in many ways apart from the obvious warfare hunter etc but communally in diverse ways such as natural heavier labourers and resilience etc
Yes good point.
Very interesting theories...maybe the pitted ware culture and the funnel beaker wars/fights are the ancient stories the vikings talk about. And this can be why the north-west germanic tribes developed a god pantheon including nature gods...Like Frey and Frigg, Nerthus and Baldr. Gods who favor rebirth and growth.
It's been suggested before yeah and makes intuitive sense to me but academics don't see evidence for it. I believe Jackson Crawford has a video about it.
Yes, I've been thinking this for awhile now. Infact I've imagined a story called Freedom Forever which starts off at the twilight of the last hunter gathers in Europe.
Very educational and entertaining!
Fascinating
This is Great Content!
Thank you.
Great channel
Great series of videos regarding the various cultures of Northern Continental Europe / Scandinavia during the late Neolithic.
What’s your opinion regarding the emergence of Y Haplogroup I1 in Scandinavia during the Late Neolithic? Do you think it was brought into Scandinavia during the Late Neolithic by a Continental European culture or could it have been hiding in small numbers in a Scandinavian Hunter Gatherer group only later to be absorbed into the Battle Axe Culture where it would go on to later thrive during the Nordic Bronze Age?
Thanks! Regarding I1, I don't really have an opinion either way. Either is possible. It was obviously present somewhere in Mesolithic Europe. Could well have been part of the WHG resurgence after the decline of the LBK before moving north with the Funnelbeaker expansion. But we just need more samples!
Very cool videos.
very good info
Great video
Thank you.
The Scandinavian hunter-gatherers were probably speakers* of the Pre-Finno-Ugric Substrate languages.
I suspect a connection, perhaps tenuous, with the pitted ware culture and the maritime-archaic people of north america, and the maritime-archaic people with the neolithic henge and dolmen builders of western europe and the islands.
Wrong. My sister-in-law is a hunter-gatherer. She never, ever misses a garage sale.
Thank you very much. I have been looking for fiction for prehistory for awhile. I am devouring your Channel right now and if you have any favorite prehistory anything please let me know odds are I haven't found it yet.
Awesome, thank you.
Very interesting ! 👌
Thank you, glad you thought so.
In the Salish Sea region of western North America we see an increase in slate blade tools that coincides with intensification of salmon subsistence and front-loading calories by smoking and storing salmon. This might not necessarily reflect an overall decrease in flaked tool usage. But think about having huge racks to fill with filleted salmon-- when your blade is dull, how much easier would it be to walk over to the slate whetstone and sharpen up vs. going over to the knapping area and doing a pass on your knife or blade to sharpen it? Might be worth the change in the long run, and also consider that in this region slate bedrock is usually fairly extensive, while chert is quite localized or just ferried down as cobbles on glaciers, and obsidian is only traded from far inland. So there are these interactions between geologic controls and subsistence patterns (which have their own influences) that affect what patterns we see in the archaeological record. You might see if there were similar changes in subsistence patterns in the record of the pitted-ware people associated with artifact type.
Helll Dan,
I am more than impressed with your work!
I wonder if you could make a doc. About stone-age Egypt.
Pleeeeease 😊
Thanks in advance.
This is fascinating stuff. I would have thought that the Sami were the last European hunter gatherers.
I think what we have now comes more from the bronze age than any other age. That is when the die was literally cast. I can't wait to read your Gods of Bronze series. I think Bronze age fiction is an emerging genre and will become very very popular. Think of how the popular translation of the Eddas, the discovery of Sutton Hoo and the work of Jacob Grimm (all 19th and early 20th century) all coalesced to give rise to the entire genre of high fantasy primarily through Tolkien. The level of breakthroughs in the late 20th and early 21st century in regards to what we know about the bronze age is similar to the level of prior break throughs in regards to the iron age, as above. Exciting to see what this all becomes.
I'm amazed to read that as it was exactly my thinking. I was certain there would be a wave of Bronze Age fiction a couple of years ago and thought I would be on the crest of that wave. But it hasn't happened yet and I've found myself almost alone in a genre. I hope that many many more books are coming. I started making these videos to help make it happen.
@@DanDavisHistory I think those books will come in five to ten years, you are a bit ahead of your time. I don't want to lament academia aby more than I usually do, but history education now is an autodidactic process more than a systemic one, for most people. In the early and mid 20th century, history was taught in schools so once a real higher learning consensus was formed in regards to any breakthroughs, the information was disseminated as part of the curriculum. The teaching of history now is generally designed around the student coming to certain political conclusions, so it is a far less effective (if not altogether counterproductive) process. And I don't think we are going to be able to teach much about the bronze age on any level without involving Indo-European studies, and Indo-European studies is unfortunately perceived as anathema to current teaching goals. So it just going to take longer, but it will happen. As CG Jung said, " An archetype is like an old watercourse along which the water of life has flowed for centuries, digging a deep channel for itself.
The longer it has flowed in this channel the more likely it is that sooner or later the water will return to its old bed.” Your videos are extremely well crafted, especially as you seamlessly weave together multiple components (which can be difficult on their own) into a narrative that is engaging and accurate. Your Koyros video is a really great example of that as you essentially described the migration process of the proto Indo-Europeans westward eventually into neolithic europe itself. The event is one of the most important things that has ever happened. Like top 5 important. But you broke it down into tasty, concise and informative bites. The concise bit I personally struggle with obviously ;-) So you are doing what you can do. Lots to say on how the process can be accelerated but I am likely nearing or already past the tldr threshold. I'll look you up on FB. Thanks again for making these videos. Your work overall does a service.
Thank you, I appreciate it.
The high incidence in Norway of R1a (besides the Indo European clade) is likely due to the Eastern Hunter Gatherers moving into Norway along the coast.
Is there any mention of the Bell Beaker/Unetice R1b dominant peoples in this publication?
Which people did haplogroup I2 originate from?
what an adorable seal .. and I love the pottery
It would be so wonderful if you provided a bibliography of your source materials so we could do more reading on the subjects you cover.
great stuff
Well done
Thank you.
I like the moose figurines that they made
The migration, displacement, and mixing of peoples across time is fascinating. It is always interesting to see the traces of this in modern times and how people who think of themselves as being of quite different nationalities often come from the same ancestral stock. Just as one modern example: northern French, and island Scots, are today considered different people, yet both have ancestors from what is now Norway, and are more closely related to each other and to Norwegians than they are to many of their own countrymen.
The isolated cultures have just as fascinating backgrounds. For example, the Basque of Europe, the Ainu of Japan, or the Navajo of the US.
As you use genetics quite a bit maybe you could do an episode on haplogroup E-V13 which has a low but persistant presence in most of europe
Just a remark that being near or on water as a culture calls for cooperation, not competition. Hunting: same.
Shamans.....yeah, assumptions and an anachronism
15:34 the four are brothers, the sons of Stellan Skarsgård xD
I’ve seen too many other TH-cam videos, every time his book is mentioned I assume the video’s over and go to find something else to watch.
makes sense, archaic admixture percentages does seem to be abit higher uphere
Great to see another La Dolce Vita fan
I dunno if I would say last. While many became sedentary many also stayed on the move. Less so during major climactic shifts but it is interesting to see where the roots took place once farming became ubiquitous
Is it seal hunting been done by rzucewo culture to? They where something like Corded ware +WHG
Will the wolf God be available as an audiobook? As a truck driver, I like to listen while driving.