I was interested to hear that antimatter can be collected. That is good. Unfortunately he overlooks one problem. He complains about the safety of fission reactors, but ignores the worse safety problem with antimatter. If you have a containment failure, you don't have to worry about radiation, because you and your space ship rapidly become an expanding ball of plasma. All that beautiful energy you were going to use to travel will be released at the smallest containment failure. The explosion from the initial contact between matter and antimatter will destroy the containment field guaranteeing total failure.
To be fair, a failure of the fuel containment system is a death sentence in any case when it comes to space travel. Even with regular rocket fuel you get stranded in the middle of nowhere, because you will overshoot your target without enough fuel for backburning or your ships just blows up.
I like Johns point, but let's not forget that we can't make an omelette without a few cracked eggs. If humanity is to reach for the stars, we must expect a few failures on the way. Surely, we can find a way to make this even safer, by making a ship that can detach itself from the engine and in that way, ensure survive ability for the crew. No one said it would be easy, but if we want to get anywhere we must do so trough trial and error. Human loss, is of course sad, but it haven't stopped us from still trying.
@@anonanonderson7065 *John's (there is only one of me 😉🙂) Your points are fair, but I will make the following point. It was stated that fission can achieve comparable delta V. It tends to have partial/slow failures so you have a chance to attempt a fix. It it can still be fatal, but I like the idea that there is some chance to recover from a temporary failure in the power supply.
This sounds good on paper but this ignores how unstable antimatter is. Any fluctuations in the containment results in a massive explosion worse than any nuclear weapon ever
Unlikely since energy payload rocket would use would be similar to current use, perhaps even smaller since you would not need extra fuel to carry large tanks of fuel, so resulting explosion in case of breach would be much smaller than nuke. Yes compared to rocket fuel explosion, it would give off also radiation wave, but as far as I know there would be no radiation waste, so not much in practical difference.
Step 1: capture enough antimatter Step 2: construct the ship in the video but a attach a massive antimatter trap to it. Step 3: go to Jupiter Step 4: Harvest antimatter from Jupiter's massive radiation belts. Step 5: Set the course of this ship to the nearest habitable planet Step 6 ??? Step 7 profit
Step 6: hope you survive the journey and that the star you are visiting is where you think it is and you don't run smack into it. Also hope you can make the return trip alive.
@K P. it's not like the world just stopped birthing geniuses, and by probability, as there are so many more people per generation now, there will be many of them, not to mention all the advances in education more efficiently unlocking of their potential. And, actually, no. These problems are actually pretty straight forward to solve, and use technology we already have, they require only money and time.
@@index7787 the world kills true genius. You end up with posers like Elon leading the charge... Evil people who are under control and just greedy. True genius is weeded out early and killed.
Honestly fusion and antimatter are on even playing fields for space travel. Both require using vast amounts of power just to run, both produce ludicrous amounts of radiation, and both would require exotic cooling for them. The difference is on a fusion reactor you can turn it off, for antimatter, even when it isn't firing, you still have to use electricity to not annihilate all your fuel. So in this regard, I'd actually say fusion reactors make vastly more sense than antimatter as it also still has the same issue with getting equal energy put in as gotten out (both require magnetic confinement for the fuel). Antimatter is even worse if gotten from particle accelerators making it more just a battery.
Good point. antimatter, except for the very small amount that can be found in orbit, is a battery and not an energy source. You will need to manufacture it, while you can find deuterium as a fuel for fusion anywhere in the universe. Very large anti mater manufacturing plants are a possibility, but they would be very expensive, possibly negating the gins. and for the moment the fabrication of anti-matter is very inefficient, with an efficiency that is 1% or less. So your plants would have to be 100 times larger than what gets stored in the anti matter. not very cost effective.
antimatter seems like a better option for super long distance journeys, but i doubt it would be a good choice for an earth-mars voyage, though with antimatter, it kinda solves its own containment issue since you can use a small amount of it to generate more than the necessary amount of power needed for containment
Not sure why this video was recommended so late, but man, seeing your animation and rendering skills get better over this last year has been awesome to see. Extremely fascinating and well put together video!
you remind me so much of my old physics teacher! and you even point at the camera with the pen in the hand the same way he did! amazing animations, and I love that you both speak "technical" and bring it down to where everyone can understand it! really good job!
My god, your videos are amazing! I have seen any other channel make 3D model renders with such detail, which takes so much time and effort. You deserve all the fame! Love from India :)
And remember, this is just for designing a ship to use antimatter for the entire flight. If you include light sails and high energy laser arrays, you can build a ship that will still get to Alpha Centauri in 6 years. But it would be less than half the mass of the antimatter only rocket!
@@urekmazino2086 Not exactly though. 6 years assumes a constant burn of about 1-2 Gs of acceleration. Normally the Rocket Equation would make a ship like this logistically impossible to build. But antimatter is so efficient that "extra fuel needed" means a few more kilograms of AM instead of doubling the ship's mass by a few orders of magnitude. Plus lightsails don't follow the rocket equation, all you would need is fuel to slow down on the other side!
Love your videos! I can't even imagine how much time and effort you put into making these animations and all the research for these topics, you're one of my favourite video creators. Thank you for all the amazing videos!
I agree with Michio Kaku that antimatter propulsion will never happen. For some reason people dont know about the one realistic method. If a ship travels at a constant 1g acceleration rate it would get to Alpha Centauri in 3.6 ship/7.3 Earth years (and that includes turning the ship around half way and decelerating). The ship would achieve about .95 light speed after about 1 year. A 10 ton ship would need a mere 10 tons of continuous thrust. Not only is this by far the fastest way we can get to other worlds but the ship would have gravity the whole way which will allow farming. All thats needed for this is a fission rocket that can put out thrust for long periods and does not consume hydrogen or xenon (you cant bring 500 tons of that with you). 1 kg of uranium has the same energy as 120,000 tons of coal and plutonium has a lot more than that. A 10 ton ship would use less than 1 pound of uranium to get to the Centauri system. Uranium and plutonium are jittery atoms, there should be a way to get them to fission in a linear fashion, see "best method for interstellar travel". A fission rocket should be simpler than a chemical rocket. It will be the new safest way to travel. Due to relativistic effects the ship will only have a weak interaction with regular mass during the high velocity portion of the trip. The front of the ship should be an asteroid or at least armor plate. The ship would be at maximum velocity in the voids between systems were the chances of significant mass being in the flight path would be astronomically low. It would also need a powerful radar (RF emissions will travel at light speed regardless of the ships velocity). Interstellar radiation is not a problem either, a couple feet of asteroid dirt (and perhaps graphite and/or lead) will keep it out. With this method a ship can span the entire diameter of our galaxy in 24 ship/113,000 Earth years. Systems with stars similar to the sun can be reached in under 10 years. The human race can be interstellar in our generation.
I agree, if we want to achieve space travel in our own lifetimes we need to go nuclear. Then hopefully we can find a star system with elements that go higher than Uranium and hope Bob Lazar was right about element 115.
You're telling me we could live to see our solar system colonized and humanity finally becoming a species i can be proud of! And instead of that we are going to wipe ourselves out on the brink of greatness! That's the most human thing I can think of actually, self sabotage.
@@nathanj202 You dont really need that much thrust to achieve 1g acceleration, check out "liquid plutonium rocket". I think there is a way to get uranium or plutonium to fission in a linear fashion with an electric current, if so Alpha Centauri here we come.
I always love watching your videos. Subject Zero and Mustard are such treasures on YT. You both have such amazing skills and truly have a passion for sharing your ideas with the public, and do it for free to help spur interest in these highly esoteric subjects. I look forward to more videos coming in the future.
@@1000niggawatt If they wanted to kill people, they would point the exhaust spewing out deadly radiation and flux at the city rather than doing something as inefficient as crashing the ship into it.
@@nonametoseehere1005 @Charlie He,,, yup, so what's the point of destroying a chance to utilize the solar system, by destroying our homeworld? The subject of a thousand really negative Sci-Fi novels, I guess...
The animation you use are amazing, don't want to imagine how long it took... Great video, would be amazing to be alive when ship like this will be constructed.
There's a chance you are reintroduced into a later life, of so some say, Historically... reincarnation can't be overlooked in the odds, but unlikely as such.
Kalki ironman after 2026 😎 Humans 0 Saiya-jin 1 to 6 Angels 7 😇 Kalki Ironman 5th matriya buddha 8th arc Angel 11th satguru 13th imam and 24th avatar after 2026 😎 Almighty God 9 😇 Humans type 2.5+ after 2026 by Kalki Ironman (christ in the white horse)(son of man on clouds) type 7 and 8 😎 Jarvis the world’s first artificial intelligence (parrot) 😎 Cuz Kalki is ironman batman super saiya-jin superman ben10 saitama Narutoo shaktimaan and every super heroes combined after 2026 😎 Jarvis world’s first artificial living being (just like vision in marvel universe)😎 Made of Quantum and sub quantum particles 😎 Power source quantum energy arc reactor (type 7) level technology 😎 Kalki Ironman going to have every kind of arc reactor like:- type 1 Nuclear fission, nuclear waste, hydrogen fusion, type 2 3 4 5 antimatter arc reactor (solid liquid gas), type 6 electro quantum arc reactor, and type 7 Quantum arc reactor, type 8 limitless quantum energy arc reactor without quantum particles 😎 Kalki Ironman going to have sun in a box million billion tons of hydrogen nuclear fusion reactor type 2 3 4 5 just like sun and stars in the palm of his hand 😎 This all going to happened by self replicating quantum nanobots knowledge energy and techniques at type 7 7 7- respectively 😎 Ironman (Tesla 2.0) going to reveal every secrets of the world specially Tesla and his Antigravity 😎
very nice video, I just see one problem with the engines. You stated that you would use tungesten, which in theory is the logical thing to do due to its very high melting point, HOWEVER, under the extreme pressure of the engine, the tungsten can wear down (as all metals do) and create a powder. This tungsten powder is will spontaneously combust, weakening the engine more. This will create a positive feedback loop causing the engine to explode violently (due to the fuel and powder still being there).
Combustion requires oxygen. There's no oxygen in space. (it would be fired out the engine with everything else, likely doing some damage on the way - like a grain of sand in the wind.)
@@jfbeam yeah, there is no oxygen in space, but most explosions happen when taking off, and it just overall doesn't seem like a smart idea in that sense .
I’m not sold on the solid core (1st) design, mainly because the energy from fission fragments is *way* more recoverable as heat than the gammas from annihilations, especially in a small reactor like on a rocket. Not to mention storing enough antimatter at low temperatures is difficult under the best circumstances. Don’t get me wrong, its perfect efficiency means antimatter the best option for a purpose built interstellar spacecraft, I just think nuclear is going to fill the role for solar system travel in the near to medium future.
@@nathanj202 well either one, i kinda disagree ig or rather i dont believe. Did they calculated the expected or sth bc they havent build it yet so how can u sure abt that
Kalki ironman after 2026 😎 Humans 0 Saiya-jin 1 to 6 Angels 7 😇 Kalki Ironman 5th matriya buddha 8th arc Angel 11th satguru 13th imam and 24th avatar after 2026 😎 Almighty God 9 😇 Humans type 2.5+ after 2026 by Kalki Ironman (christ in the white horse)(son of man on clouds) type 7 and 8 😎 Jarvis the world’s first artificial intelligence (parrot) 😎 Cuz Kalki is ironman batman super saiya-jin superman ben10 saitama Narutoo shaktimaan and every super heroes combined after 2026 😎 Jarvis world’s first artificial living being (just like vision in marvel universe)😎 Made of Quantum and sub quantum particles 😎 Power source quantum energy arc reactor (type 7) level technology 😎 Kalki Ironman going to have every kind of arc reactor like:- type 1 Nuclear fission, nuclear waste, hydrogen fusion, type 2 3 4 5 antimatter arc reactor (solid liquid gas), type 6 electro quantum arc reactor, and type 7 Quantum arc reactor, type 8 limitless quantum energy arc reactor without quantum particles 😎 Kalki Ironman going to have sun in a box million billion tons of hydrogen nuclear fusion reactor type 2 3 4 5 just like sun and stars in the palm of his hand 😎 This all going to happened by self replicating quantum nanobots knowledge energy and techniques at type 7 7 7- respectively 😎 Ironman (Tesla 2.0) going to reveal every secrets of the world specially Tesla and his Antigravity 😎
Nuclear powered spaceships should be the wae to go all around the solar system I heard that fission fragment engines can even hit 3% to 5% of the speed of light
8:13 "Fusion + 30 = infinity + 30" is even funnier when I remembered that fusion itself is defined as fusion + 30. Also infinity + 30 = infinity. Also infinity + infinity = infinity. So this is a joke on infinite levels. Plus 30.
One point that puzzled me; it seemed that all the positrons we need are in the Van Allen belts, but not necessarily the anti-protons needed to turn them into anti hydrogen that it is claimed to be possible to contain.
Very interesting video, I generally prefer less audibly and visually intrusive editing styles, but I think I'll look forward to watching more of what you have to offer.
@@Joe_Peroni You should be calling the video pedantic. The sound and visual effects are childish, and simply a remnant of 20th century styles of information programming. The subject matter becomes subjugate to the aesthetic and it lessens the material's chances of having an impact, for many viewers.
Could also have a magnetic confinement afterburner to fuze the leftover deuterium after the antiprotium-hydrogen heats it up. Or if in a toroidal form, could use antiprotons to turn the alpha particles in helium plasma into tritions, making a fusion equivalent of a breeder reactor. Alternatively, lithium isotope ions can decay into tritions and helium. Also since the hydrogen and superconductors required for the confinement fields need to be near 2kelvins, muon catalyzed fusion could be utilized for extra electrical energy, along with the more traditional photovoltaics and such. Liquid metalic hydrogen could serve as a coolant, a fuel, and a ferrofluid rotating around the confinement field, generating its own magnetic field in the process. The protium isotope is predicted to be superfluid and superconductor around that temperature as well, further increasing efficiency in its metalic form. If liquid metalic hydrogen can be used, then it could also generate more electrical power as it could form a flow battery prior to the antihydrogen-hydrogen reaction, while also storing energy in its magnetic fields.
@@arendellecitizen208 i am only combining concepts from several theories and ideas i have picked up on over the years. So ideally, no magic required, only science and several lifetimes worth of patience...
Aditionally, it could also use a mini fast fission breeder reactor to aide with elecrical power and supply nuetrons to the hydrogen to increase deuterium yields. And, useing a giant railgun to launch would save a lot of fuel. That way most of the fuel could be used for the return trips instead. And replacing most of the tungtsten with LAC or polycumulene (i think this channel calls it carbene?), inside carbon nanotubes or other carbon structured composites that might better withstand the extreme tempuratures and stresses caused by them. I was also unaware that it could be feasible to collect pre-existing antiprotons rather produce them with synchrotron style accelerators. If that is the case, there should be more research into how to collect and store what antimatter we may already have access to. They confirmed a probably habitable planet near alpha centauri recently as well, according to pbs spacetime. I realize i wont see this stuff happen in my lifetime but my imagination cannot help but be inspired.
Instead farming antimatter we need specialized accelerators which would be using Schwinger process for creating matter/antimatter pairs, so super powerful lasers and electron accelerators. Also check out Vacuum to Antimatter-Rocket Interstellar Explorer System (VARIES).
Wow! What an inspirational, informative, and entertaining video! You have really stepped up your game. It’s nice to see “you” in your video, and I enjoyed the addition of humor.
To be fair to Fusion, there are still quite substantial advances occurring in magnetic field strength, needed reactor size and magnet weight. So in that sense ITER is already getting overtaken and soon enough obsolete in its magnetic technology and much better can be soon made, like the MIT magnet demonstration. So I guess we'll see how it goes as Fusion shrinks down its weight requirements, while antimatter works on its production, collection and storage issues.
It's so refreshing to hear about what can be done instead of what cannot be done. If it were up to most people, we would still be living in the trees with our hairy cousins.
People love their limits because it makes the universe seem small, safe, and comfortable. Other people love to find out what they can do and seek adventure.
Reaching high speeds quickly is great and all, but I can't help but bring up a few issues. 1) a high top speed is one thing, but one must also consider the acceleration necessary to reach those speeds in a timely fashion. Most untrained humans can only take something like 6 to 7 Gs of sustained force without running into health issues, so that rules out the sorts of accelerations that would be needed to reach Mars in a matter of hours or Alpha Centauri in only a couple years. You would have to go slower because of human biology. 2) how would you slow back down again? almost all terrestrial aircraft use wind resistance to slow down, but you can't do that in space. You'd have to have a craft equipped with forward brake thrusters, which is fine, the only problem being that deceleration takes time just like acceleration. So that would be another barrier on the average speed of a mission due to human biology, not technological capability.
He did address the limits of human tolerance for G forces, and how you decelerate is by turning the craft around and facing the other way. Accelerate for half the trip, turn around and decelerate for the other half of the trip. All at one G when transporting human passengers.
Light speed is a waste of time, so anything less than that is a colossal waste of time. The only way we will ever get to the stars is with Event Horizon-like technology, wormholes, warp, etc..
@@theobserver9131 that's correct. However, 1 g of acceleration is not fast enough to reach other stars or planets in the short time frames that he's talking about. It will take a while to reach high speeds
@@knowdudegamingshow2962 ultimately, we will have to invent inertial dampeners, which probably isn't even possible, or change our bodies to suit the environment.
Cool to finally see the face behind the fantastic science. When we learn how to change quark vibration directions/frequencies we'll be able to manufacture antimatter.
The destruction of antimatter releases a nearly pure burst of gamma rays. Harnessing that and turning it into a form of propulsion is currently nearly impossible. It's so energetic that it can cause nuclear reactions in stable nuclei. That means any engine that gets built would slowly eat itself. And by slowly I mean pretty quickly.
i have no idea how you got those travel numbers but when i see those numbers elsewhere they always forget the fact that you have to slow down too. That will increase your travel time.
thing when you travel forward for so long you then have to turn 180 degrees to stop where you are going can you land at same rate you took off ie zero speed when you touch mighty difficult i think every body talks of getting there but not how land ouch big time
The thing is if you can collect antimatter... why make a propulsion/combustion style engine? By the time we have the technology to capture it, and utilize it a exotic propulsion system could probably be developed. I feel like this could never work with the magnetic nozzle in space - If antimatter reacts with anything passing through that nozzle it would blow the spaceship apart. Not to mention travelling at those velocities even with a physical shield. If the ship were to hit a object at those velocities it would destroy the entire ship. At this point the ship needs a gravity/magnetic shield so you might as well develop a gravity propulsion system with anti matter being the fuel. Combustion engines are at an end at this point in history. Nuclear is probably the most optimal/logical choice if it can be clean enough.
@@theviolenceenjoyer I wish I did at times... Sorry, I just enjoy thinking/debating/constructively arguing about this stuff. I do a lot of engineering animations, and I like challenging engineering and asking questions. Helps me understand a product better when animating.
Yeah thats also what I told my brother when I was like twelve. But he insisted on the impoosibility due to material stress. And fair point. So far material stress would make an anti-matter engine impossible for now.
Honestly think this was one of his least researched videos yet. His main comparisons being fusion and fission both being completely improperly explained in the process. Enriched reactor grade uranium is not weapons grade uranium, in fact it's as far from weapons grade as could be. Antimatter also has the same issues as fusion today. Both have the issue with getting more energy out than what we put in. Antimatter needs to be held and manipulated with magnetic fields which is the same issue we have with fusion in that it means you need energy to get the energy we want. The reason fusion reactors right now are so big is that product scale raises the ability to make surplus energy and it gives more space for more powerful magnets. We can also use compressed fusion like general fusion for smaller scales though and we now have developed magnets 40 times stronger than even what ITER was designed with in mind. So making a much smaller reactor is possible now and should get better with time. But the main issue with antimatter is cost to get it. Particle accelerators are far too costly to get it and sending pods into space just to collect it is incredibly wasteful. The project needs to be cost effective to conventional rockets, being faster doesn't make it more profitable. Maglevs are vastly faster than normal rail, but China, the nation with the most maglevs has had struggles getting people to take it as normal rail is about 4 times cheaper. This would only make sense if we were actually considering going interstellar.
turn down the power levels, you can dial the amat flow down as much as you want. gives less thrust but can essentially be dialed down until you can use a wet paper bag as the nozzle
@10:13 in inherantly wrong. you can only accelerate for 50% of the trip, the other 50% is decellerating so you can stop. you might be able to play around with orbital insertion once you get there, but thats only going to move these percentages by a small amount.
Antimatter is the ultimate fuel but it's extremely strange to argue about downsides of fission when the tiniest problem with antimatter will render you, the ship and everything in extremely large large radius around your ship into subatomic particles.
1G Acceleration = 1G Artificial gravity if the decks are stacked with the engine at the bottom of the stack. That is, if the crew were standing/sitting with the tops of their heads towards the bow of the ship and feet towards the stern, they would be able to stand normally as though they were on Earth. This is how they do it in The Expanse
I like that they are "We'll have Fusion in 30 years" Yeah, you've been saying that for 35 years... Its Cyberpunk 2077 but with science. Constantly moving the goalpost back every year.
Hmmmmm..... Anti Protons have a negative charge like the electrons in the shells. So Antiprotons are repelled by the outer electron shell. The Antiproton now can't get to the inner normal Protons and annialate. Possibly stable anti mater?
@@SubjectZeroScience The model i like the most was the guy at the end of the video, how did you manage to make him so realistic? I mean its still not convincing becaus no man is that handome so that ruins the immersion a bit but the graphics and details are wild!
what about slowing down? 1G acceleration towards destination, but what about deceleration? Would you reverse engines midway or 3/4 of the way and increase to 1.3G+?
If I'm correct it needs 1 00 000 isp with 1G to reach 0.95c during 173 days (subject zero said that we have 10 00 000 isp) slowing down would need the same amounts respectively. Spaceship has to have both frontal shielding (against interstellar dust) and has to be engineered in a way to direct thrust with an angled engine without hitting itself angled to the opposite side so definitely needs 4 engines to be safe.
@@roberine7241 It might make sense to travel in a group with multiple ships. But I really meant you need something like 20 separate fuel tanks. If one starts going bad you eject it. You still have 19 left so you should be ok
@@roberine7241 Once you lose the fuel you lose the ship. You need to be able to lose only part of the fuel. And once you're on your way at speed, you can't turn back without your engine and your fuel. So the best option is to transfer to another ship going in the same direction. Safety in numbers. At the power and size required, it would make sense to send ships with some spare space for eventual refugees. A whole flotilla of ships.
Faster then light is possible. We just need to break the light barrier. It should be easier then though. We need to change how we interact with the universe. Light is energy moving in every direction, it has mass, the universe is a fluid. How do we work around this?
Snowball antimatter seems like a lot simpler and safer than a conventional Penning trap AM with the near absolute zero of space keeping the snowball cold is assured, just get the flow of antimatter to the reaction chamber safe, keep the distance between the snowball storage and chamber short as practical. The AM capture method finally give hope to AM propulsion with 1g acceleration like in the movie Passengers. Thank you for the video, Ken
We always hear about "Warping space". I have this vision of humanity learning what the fabric of spacetime is and then figuring out how to GO AROUND IT, like finding a hidden hallway in a mansion and BYPASSING the rooms. It's generally accepted that spacetime itself is moving into the void faster than light. Maybe we can too, if we go around space?
This is one of the first "space travel tech" videos that I've seen which doesn't repeat old news about the Alcubierre warp field or other topics that have been discussed to death.
When we get to the star that we're going to, can't we just deploy a solar sail to decelerate us? The bigger the sail, the bigger the push right? Closer you get to the Sun the more push? Can we make like a air break with solar sails?
I think SpaceX's Starship can change the game in this stuff a lot... not as a vehicle to Mars or somewhere other but as a rocket that can take many tons to orbit so ideas like this one can be actually built and tested in orbit. Construction of test antimatter capture and then test antimatter engine can only be done in space because that kind of a rocket will still have a hard time to get out of the Earth's surface and atmosphere. With it and its 100 or so tons that will possibly be able to lift to low Earth orbit, you can get all the antimatter traps, all the metals, all the hydrogen to orbit and assemble it there.
You got the numbers swapped. 1 g acceleration can get you to Mars in 54 hours. 34 g would get you to Mars in 7 hours at conjunction, or 18 hours when Mars is on the far side of the sun.
I love the game Starsector's version of anti-matter fuel, it is a molecule that is designed to be metastable, like C4 explosive, it is a fullerene shell that surrounds an anti-hydrogen atom electrostatically, and then mixed with binder foam and normal hydrogen - when you burn the fuel with an oxidiser it releases the anti-hydrogen and immediately anihilates releasing the energy. This sounds a LOT more easier to handle, basically you could hold this fuel in your hand and you only have to treat it with similar precautions to gunpowder.
I was interested to hear that antimatter can be collected. That is good. Unfortunately he overlooks one problem. He complains about the safety of fission reactors, but ignores the worse safety problem with antimatter. If you have a containment failure, you don't have to worry about radiation, because you and your space ship rapidly become an expanding ball of plasma. All that beautiful energy you were going to use to travel will be released at the smallest containment failure. The explosion from the initial contact between matter and antimatter will destroy the containment field guaranteeing total failure.
To be fair, a failure of the fuel containment system is a death sentence in any case when it comes to space travel. Even with regular rocket fuel you get stranded in the middle of nowhere, because you will overshoot your target without enough fuel for backburning or your ships just blows up.
I like Johns point, but let's not forget that we can't make an omelette without a few cracked eggs. If humanity is to reach for the stars, we must expect a few failures on the way.
Surely, we can find a way to make this even safer, by making a ship that can detach itself from the engine and in that way, ensure survive ability for the crew.
No one said it would be easy, but if we want to get anywhere we must do so trough trial and error.
Human loss, is of course sad, but it haven't stopped us from still trying.
I mean, how else are we gonna detach our anti-matter cores and blow them up to escape a hoard of aliens?
@@oO0Xenos0Oo the difference is that a fission reactor can have a partial failure. It may be possible to fix it.
@@anonanonderson7065 *John's (there is only one of me 😉🙂)
Your points are fair, but I will make the following point. It was stated that fission can achieve comparable delta V. It tends to have partial/slow failures so you have a chance to attempt a fix. It it can still be fatal, but I like the idea that there is some chance to recover from a temporary failure in the power supply.
This sounds good on paper but this ignores how unstable antimatter is. Any fluctuations in the containment results in a massive explosion worse than any nuclear weapon ever
But there's a chance we won't do that.. so why not?
@@audigit because there is a chance that we will
Antimatter is extremely stable. It's just also extremely volatile.
Unlikely since energy payload rocket would use would be similar to current use, perhaps even smaller since you would not need extra fuel to carry large tanks of fuel, so resulting explosion in case of breach would be much smaller than nuke.
Yes compared to rocket fuel explosion, it would give off also radiation wave, but as far as I know there would be no radiation waste, so not much in practical difference.
Easily solved. shove it in a cat, then shove the cat in a box. Its science.
Step 1: capture enough antimatter
Step 2: construct the ship in the video but a attach a massive antimatter trap to it.
Step 3: go to Jupiter
Step 4: Harvest antimatter from Jupiter's massive radiation belts.
Step 5: Set the course of this ship to the nearest habitable planet
Step 6 ???
Step 7 profit
Or no profit because you will never come back :D
Step 6: hope you survive the journey and that the star you are visiting is where you think it is and you don't run smack into it. Also hope you can make the return trip alive.
@K P. it's not like the world just stopped birthing geniuses, and by probability, as there are so many more people per generation now, there will be many of them, not to mention all the advances in education more efficiently unlocking of their potential.
And, actually, no. These problems are actually pretty straight forward to solve, and use technology we already have, they require only money and time.
Step one is effectively impossible, and not such that we might get a breakthrough. It's just wishful thinking.
@@index7787 the world kills true genius. You end up with posers like Elon leading the charge... Evil people who are under control and just greedy. True genius is weeded out early and killed.
This is the first video in a while that makes me optimistic about space exploration. Awesome visuals and storytelling.
Honestly fusion and antimatter are on even playing fields for space travel. Both require using vast amounts of power just to run, both produce ludicrous amounts of radiation, and both would require exotic cooling for them. The difference is on a fusion reactor you can turn it off, for antimatter, even when it isn't firing, you still have to use electricity to not annihilate all your fuel. So in this regard, I'd actually say fusion reactors make vastly more sense than antimatter as it also still has the same issue with getting equal energy put in as gotten out (both require magnetic confinement for the fuel). Antimatter is even worse if gotten from particle accelerators making it more just a battery.
@@the-weirdist that explains why it always tries to correct it capitalized, but odd it never gives the correct spelling.
Good point. antimatter, except for the very small amount that can be found in orbit, is a battery and not an energy source. You will need to manufacture it, while you can find deuterium as a fuel for fusion anywhere in the universe. Very large anti mater manufacturing plants are a possibility, but they would be very expensive, possibly negating the gins. and for the moment the fabrication of anti-matter is very inefficient, with an efficiency that is 1% or less. So your plants would have to be 100 times larger than what gets stored in the anti matter. not very cost effective.
You're right, they're both pipe dreams, considering our current tech level.
antimatter seems like a better option for super long distance journeys, but i doubt it would be a good choice for an earth-mars voyage, though with antimatter, it kinda solves its own containment issue since you can use a small amount of it to generate more than the necessary amount of power needed for containment
@@RockBrentwood what do you mean by that?
Not sure why this video was recommended so late, but man, seeing your animation and rendering skills get better over this last year has been awesome to see. Extremely fascinating and well put together video!
Just having such skills doesn't mean that one has to use them in each and every second. Way too much put into the video. Just annoying
This video is so fascinating and captivating. Had to watch it once for the content and again to enjoy the visuals and the music. Amazing!
you remind me so much of my old physics teacher!
and you even point at the camera with the pen in the hand the same way he did!
amazing animations, and I love that you both speak "technical" and bring it down to where everyone can understand it!
really good job!
My god, your videos are amazing! I have seen any other channel make 3D model renders with such detail, which takes so much time and effort. You deserve all the fame! Love from India :)
And remember, this is just for designing a ship to use antimatter for the entire flight. If you include light sails and high energy laser arrays, you can build a ship that will still get to Alpha Centauri in 6 years. But it would be less than half the mass of the antimatter only rocket!
That’s like 80% the speed of light
Unfortunately humans wouldn’t be able to make that journey considering it needs to be extremely light.
@@urekmazino2086 Not exactly though. 6 years assumes a constant burn of about 1-2 Gs of acceleration. Normally the Rocket Equation would make a ship like this logistically impossible to build.
But antimatter is so efficient that "extra fuel needed" means a few more kilograms of AM instead of doubling the ship's mass by a few orders of magnitude. Plus lightsails don't follow the rocket equation, all you would need is fuel to slow down on the other side!
ISV Venturestar for the win baby!
Love your videos! I can't even imagine how much time and effort you put into making these animations and all the research for these topics, you're one of my favourite video creators. Thank you for all the amazing videos!
Obi mikel
This was a great video! Loved how informational and thought out it was. Those 3D models were crazy!
I agree with Michio Kaku that antimatter propulsion will never happen. For some reason people dont know about the one realistic method. If a ship travels at a constant 1g acceleration rate it would get to Alpha Centauri in 3.6 ship/7.3 Earth years (and that includes turning the ship around half way and decelerating). The ship would achieve about .95 light speed after about 1 year. A 10 ton ship would need a mere 10 tons of continuous thrust. Not only is this by far the fastest way we can get to other worlds but the ship would have gravity the whole way which will allow farming.
All thats needed for this is a fission rocket that can put out thrust for long periods and does not consume hydrogen or xenon (you cant bring 500 tons of that with you). 1 kg of uranium has the same energy as 120,000 tons of coal and plutonium has a lot more than that. A 10 ton ship would use less than 1 pound of uranium to get to the Centauri system.
Uranium and plutonium are jittery atoms, there should be a way to get them to fission in a linear fashion, see "best method for interstellar travel". A fission rocket should be simpler than a chemical rocket.
It will be the new safest way to travel. Due to relativistic effects the ship will only have a weak interaction with regular mass during the high velocity portion of the trip. The front of the ship should be an asteroid or at least armor plate. The ship would be at maximum velocity in the voids between systems were the chances of significant mass being in the flight path would be astronomically low. It would also need a powerful radar (RF emissions will travel at light speed regardless of the ships velocity). Interstellar radiation is not a problem either, a couple feet of asteroid dirt (and perhaps graphite and/or lead) will keep it out.
With this method a ship can span the entire diameter of our galaxy in 24 ship/113,000 Earth years. Systems with stars similar to the sun can be reached in under 10 years. The human race can be interstellar in our generation.
I agree, if we want to achieve space travel in our own lifetimes we need to go nuclear. Then hopefully we can find a star system with elements that go higher than Uranium and hope Bob Lazar was right about element 115.
You're telling me we could live to see our solar system colonized and humanity finally becoming a species i can be proud of!
And instead of that we are going to wipe ourselves out on the brink of greatness!
That's the most human thing I can think of actually, self sabotage.
Look up FFRE if you haven’t, no indirect heating just fission energy straight to propulsion it’s not high thrust but insane efficiency
@@nathanj202 You dont really need that much thrust to achieve 1g acceleration, check out "liquid plutonium rocket". I think there is a way to get uranium or plutonium to fission in a linear fashion with an electric current, if so Alpha Centauri here we come.
@@fxzn I remember reading that the properties of those higher elements are already mapped out, they are expected to be useless but maybe not.
I always love watching your videos. Subject Zero and Mustard are such treasures on YT. You both have such amazing skills and truly have a passion for sharing your ideas with the public, and do it for free to help spur interest in these highly esoteric subjects. I look forward to more videos coming in the future.
I love watching videos about the possible applications of antimatter in space travel, thank you for this video !
Now imagine extremists crashing an antimatter-powered spaceship into a major city
@@1000niggawatt If they wanted to kill people, they would point the exhaust spewing out deadly radiation and flux at the city rather than doing something as inefficient as crashing the ship into it.
So lame, why should we use antimatter for space travel when we can turn it into even bigger and more powerful nukes /s
@@EgnachHelton LOL
@@nonametoseehere1005 @Charlie He,,, yup, so what's the point of destroying a chance to utilize the solar system, by destroying our homeworld? The subject of a thousand really negative Sci-Fi novels, I guess...
The animation you use are amazing, don't want to imagine how long it took... Great video, would be amazing to be alive when ship like this will be constructed.
There's a chance you are reintroduced into a later life, of so some say, Historically... reincarnation can't be overlooked in the odds, but unlikely as such.
@@Skedoink and meat don't respawn sadly.
Kalki ironman after 2026 😎
Humans 0
Saiya-jin 1 to 6
Angels 7 😇
Kalki Ironman 5th matriya buddha 8th arc Angel 11th satguru 13th imam and 24th avatar after 2026 😎
Almighty God 9 😇
Humans type 2.5+ after 2026 by Kalki Ironman (christ in the white horse)(son of man on clouds) type 7 and 8 😎
Jarvis the world’s first artificial intelligence (parrot) 😎
Cuz Kalki is ironman batman super saiya-jin superman ben10 saitama Narutoo shaktimaan and every super heroes combined after 2026 😎
Jarvis world’s first artificial living being (just like vision in marvel universe)😎
Made of Quantum and sub quantum particles 😎
Power source quantum energy arc reactor (type 7) level technology 😎
Kalki Ironman going to have every kind of arc reactor like:- type 1 Nuclear fission, nuclear waste, hydrogen fusion, type 2 3 4 5 antimatter arc reactor (solid liquid gas), type 6 electro quantum arc reactor, and type 7 Quantum arc reactor, type 8 limitless quantum energy arc reactor without quantum particles 😎
Kalki Ironman going to have sun in a box million billion tons of hydrogen nuclear fusion reactor type 2 3 4 5 just like sun and stars in the palm of his hand 😎
This all going to happened by self replicating quantum nanobots knowledge energy and techniques at type 7 7 7- respectively 😎
Ironman (Tesla 2.0) going to reveal every secrets of the world specially Tesla and his Antigravity 😎
@@ironcammandooo6061 I like seggs
In terms of Star Trek mythos, we're 40 years away from Zephram Cochrane.
Damn man, that renders / animations are absolutely satisfying to watch!
Amazing content, as always!
very nice video, I just see one problem with the engines.
You stated that you would use tungesten, which in theory is the logical thing to do due to its very high melting point, HOWEVER, under the extreme pressure of the engine, the tungsten can wear down (as all metals do) and create a powder. This tungsten powder is will spontaneously combust, weakening the engine more. This will create a positive feedback loop causing the engine to explode violently (due to the fuel and powder still being there).
The engine isn't under pressure though? Its just spitting out the heated gas, not containing it in any way.
Combustion requires oxygen. There's no oxygen in space. (it would be fired out the engine with everything else, likely doing some damage on the way - like a grain of sand in the wind.)
@@jfbeam yeah, there is no oxygen in space, but most explosions happen when taking off, and it just overall doesn't seem like a smart idea in that sense
.
@@msplats4085 You wouldn't launch a anti matter rocket from the earth surface, You build it in orbit or even better somewhere like L2 Orbit
I’m not sold on the solid core (1st) design, mainly because the energy from fission fragments is *way* more recoverable as heat than the gammas from annihilations, especially in a small reactor like on a rocket. Not to mention storing enough antimatter at low temperatures is difficult under the best circumstances.
Don’t get me wrong, its perfect efficiency means antimatter the best option for a purpose built interstellar spacecraft, I just think nuclear is going to fill the role for solar system travel in the near to medium future.
Are u talking abt the 1st design or the sth beam one?
@@khiemgom 1st, I’ll edit and clarify
@@nathanj202 well either one, i kinda disagree ig or rather i dont believe. Did they calculated the expected or sth bc they havent build it yet so how can u sure abt that
Kalki ironman after 2026 😎
Humans 0
Saiya-jin 1 to 6
Angels 7 😇
Kalki Ironman 5th matriya buddha 8th arc Angel 11th satguru 13th imam and 24th avatar after 2026 😎
Almighty God 9 😇
Humans type 2.5+ after 2026 by Kalki Ironman (christ in the white horse)(son of man on clouds) type 7 and 8 😎
Jarvis the world’s first artificial intelligence (parrot) 😎
Cuz Kalki is ironman batman super saiya-jin superman ben10 saitama Narutoo shaktimaan and every super heroes combined after 2026 😎
Jarvis world’s first artificial living being (just like vision in marvel universe)😎
Made of Quantum and sub quantum particles 😎
Power source quantum energy arc reactor (type 7) level technology 😎
Kalki Ironman going to have every kind of arc reactor like:- type 1 Nuclear fission, nuclear waste, hydrogen fusion, type 2 3 4 5 antimatter arc reactor (solid liquid gas), type 6 electro quantum arc reactor, and type 7 Quantum arc reactor, type 8 limitless quantum energy arc reactor without quantum particles 😎
Kalki Ironman going to have sun in a box million billion tons of hydrogen nuclear fusion reactor type 2 3 4 5 just like sun and stars in the palm of his hand 😎
This all going to happened by self replicating quantum nanobots knowledge energy and techniques at type 7 7 7- respectively 😎
Ironman (Tesla 2.0) going to reveal every secrets of the world specially Tesla and his Antigravity 😎
Nuclear powered spaceships should be the wae to go all around the solar system
I heard that fission fragment engines can even hit 3% to 5% of the speed of light
8:13 "Fusion + 30 = infinity + 30" is even funnier when I remembered that fusion itself is defined as fusion + 30. Also infinity + 30 = infinity. Also infinity + infinity = infinity. So this is a joke on infinite levels. Plus 30.
Infinity itself is amusing. A fraction of infinity = infinity as a mathematical expression. Proves you can't solve the fundamental questions with it?
Can we appreciate the insane production quality of this mans videos
ye
The quality of Your videos is insanely good! Great work, always pleasure to watch!
Elo nice vid I’m soon going to pass out because my lack of sleep…
Geez, turn off your phone and go to sleep.
Aren't there only 160ng of antimatter in Van Allen belts?
One point that puzzled me; it seemed that all the positrons we need are in the Van Allen belts, but not necessarily the anti-protons needed to turn them into anti hydrogen that it is claimed to be possible to contain.
Very interesting video, I generally prefer less audibly and visually intrusive editing styles, but I think I'll look forward to watching more of what you have to offer.
yes and I agreee and also a hidden narrator rather than a tallking head wanna be!
The part that bugs me is the CONSTANTLY bouncing hands with EVERY syllable!! I suppose that, if he stuck them in his pockets, he couldn't talk at all!
WTF. Well, I think the video is just GREAT as it is, Mr Pedant.
@@Joe_Peroni You should be calling the video pedantic. The sound and visual effects are childish, and simply a remnant of 20th century styles of information programming. The subject matter becomes subjugate to the aesthetic and it lessens the material's chances of having an impact, for many viewers.
You may also enjoy: _Non-Orientable Wormholes_
they turn matter into antimatter.
your videos are insanely underrated, keep up the work zero!
Liquid hydrogen would also work as a radiation shield in deep space. Thanks for the video. Very interesting subject.
Could also have a magnetic confinement afterburner to fuze the leftover deuterium after the antiprotium-hydrogen heats it up. Or if in a toroidal form, could use antiprotons to turn the alpha particles in helium plasma into tritions, making a fusion equivalent of a breeder reactor. Alternatively, lithium isotope ions can decay into tritions and helium.
Also since the hydrogen and superconductors required for the confinement fields need to be near 2kelvins, muon catalyzed fusion could be utilized for extra electrical energy, along with the more traditional photovoltaics and such.
Liquid metalic hydrogen could serve as a coolant, a fuel, and a ferrofluid rotating around the confinement field, generating its own magnetic field in the process. The protium isotope is predicted to be superfluid and superconductor around that temperature as well, further increasing efficiency in its metalic form. If liquid metalic hydrogen can be used, then it could also generate more electrical power as it could form a flow battery prior to the antihydrogen-hydrogen reaction, while also storing energy in its magnetic fields.
I like your words, magic man!
That was more than a little above my head, but it sounds like you know what you're talking about. I definitely get the positive attitude! I like it.
@@arendellecitizen208 i am only combining concepts from several theories and ideas i have picked up on over the years. So ideally, no magic required, only science and several lifetimes worth of patience...
Aditionally, it could also use a mini fast fission breeder reactor to aide with elecrical power and supply nuetrons to the hydrogen to increase deuterium yields. And, useing a giant railgun to launch would save a lot of fuel. That way most of the fuel could be used for the return trips instead. And replacing most of the tungtsten with LAC or polycumulene (i think this channel calls it carbene?), inside carbon nanotubes or other carbon structured composites that might better withstand the extreme tempuratures and stresses caused by them. I was also unaware that it could be feasible to collect pre-existing antiprotons rather produce them with synchrotron style accelerators. If that is the case, there should be more research into how to collect and store what antimatter we may already have access to. They confirmed a probably habitable planet near alpha centauri recently as well, according to pbs spacetime. I realize i wont see this stuff happen in my lifetime but my imagination cannot help but be inspired.
@@alexanderholmes3402 One of his earlier videos are about using reailguns and how its not very feasable.
Man... what a fantastic video! How do you keep outdoing yourself on each one? Well done!
I could possibly see an engine like this in my lifetime and that excites me to no end.
Instead farming antimatter we need specialized accelerators which would be using Schwinger process for creating matter/antimatter pairs, so super powerful lasers and electron accelerators.
Also check out Vacuum to Antimatter-Rocket Interstellar Explorer System (VARIES).
Schwinger process requires just a billion Tesla magnetic field, while we aren't able to even make 100.
I love your videos, excellent work there. Also, it is nice to finally see you presenting your videos
Reading the comments made me feel that there are so many fusion/antimatter based propulsion specialists. That's great news for space exploration.
Im not a specialist.
Im just regular special.
Wow! What an inspirational, informative, and entertaining video! You have really stepped up your game. It’s nice to see “you” in your video, and I enjoyed the addition of humor.
To be fair to Fusion, there are still quite substantial advances occurring in magnetic field strength, needed reactor size and magnet weight. So in that sense ITER is already getting overtaken and soon enough obsolete in its magnetic technology and much better can be soon made, like the MIT magnet demonstration.
So I guess we'll see how it goes as Fusion shrinks down its weight requirements, while antimatter works on its production, collection and storage issues.
Link to MIT magnet demonstration?
love the in person presentation style!!
It's so refreshing to hear about what can be done instead of what cannot be done. If it were up to most people, we would still be living in the trees with our hairy cousins.
People love their limits because it makes the universe seem small, safe, and comfortable. Other people love to find out what they can do and seek adventure.
The haul of the ship should be coated if not made of a mix of Carbon Nanotubes, Tungsten Tetraboride, and Diamond!
Traveling at those speeds, a ship not durable enough could be easily destroyed!
Reaching high speeds quickly is great and all, but I can't help but bring up a few issues.
1) a high top speed is one thing, but one must also consider the acceleration necessary to reach those speeds in a timely fashion. Most untrained humans can only take something like 6 to 7 Gs of sustained force without running into health issues, so that rules out the sorts of accelerations that would be needed to reach Mars in a matter of hours or Alpha Centauri in only a couple years. You would have to go slower because of human biology.
2) how would you slow back down again? almost all terrestrial aircraft use wind resistance to slow down, but you can't do that in space. You'd have to have a craft equipped with forward brake thrusters, which is fine, the only problem being that deceleration takes time just like acceleration. So that would be another barrier on the average speed of a mission due to human biology, not technological capability.
He did address the limits of human tolerance for G forces, and how you decelerate is by turning the craft around and facing the other way. Accelerate for half the trip, turn around and decelerate for the other half of the trip. All at one G when transporting human passengers.
Light speed is a waste of time, so anything less than that is a colossal waste of time. The only way we will ever get to the stars is with Event Horizon-like technology, wormholes, warp, etc..
@@theobserver9131 that's correct. However, 1 g of acceleration is not fast enough to reach other stars or planets in the short time frames that he's talking about. It will take a while to reach high speeds
@@knowdudegamingshow2962 ultimately, we will have to invent inertial dampeners, which probably isn't even possible, or change our bodies to suit the environment.
@@knowdudegamingshow2962 or just accept that we're never going to go far very quickly.
The intro was awesome.The animations, the visuals were truly amazing I felt like I was sitting in a movie theatre or something.
Your production quality is similar to that of Melodysheeps! Keep up the good work!
Cool to finally see the face behind the fantastic science. When we learn how to change quark vibration directions/frequencies we'll be able to manufacture antimatter.
Very cool and interesting video, and a great presentation. Thank you for your hard work
The destruction of antimatter releases a nearly pure burst of gamma rays. Harnessing that and turning it into a form of propulsion is currently nearly impossible. It's so energetic that it can cause nuclear reactions in stable nuclei. That means any engine that gets built would slowly eat itself. And by slowly I mean pretty quickly.
i have no idea how you got those travel numbers but when i see those numbers elsewhere they always forget the fact that you have to slow down too. That will increase your travel time.
I could see it being possible if you completely liquify your crew with the acceleration
thing when you travel forward for so long
you then have to turn 180 degrees to stop where you are going
can you land at same rate you took off
ie zero speed when you touch
mighty difficult i think
every body talks of getting there
but not how land ouch big time
your audio is on another level compared to other science channels. I love it!
Criminally underrated channel
Indeed!
These Videos are in such a high quality I can not believe it, love it. Keep it on man.
The thing is if you can collect antimatter... why make a propulsion/combustion style engine? By the time we have the technology to capture it, and utilize it a exotic propulsion system could probably be developed. I feel like this could never work with the magnetic nozzle in space - If antimatter reacts with anything passing through that nozzle it would blow the spaceship apart. Not to mention travelling at those velocities even with a physical shield. If the ship were to hit a object at those velocities it would destroy the entire ship. At this point the ship needs a gravity/magnetic shield so you might as well develop a gravity propulsion system with anti matter being the fuel. Combustion engines are at an end at this point in history. Nuclear is probably the most optimal/logical choice if it can be clean enough.
Thanks bro. how long did it take for you to get a degree in physics again? 😭
Oh, an exotic propulsion system. I never even thought about that.
@@theviolenceenjoyer I wish I did at times... Sorry, I just enjoy thinking/debating/constructively arguing about this stuff. I do a lot of engineering animations, and I like challenging engineering and asking questions. Helps me understand a product better when animating.
Wow! Very impressive! And what a great segue into the Brilliant ad!
Yeah thats also what I told my brother when I was like twelve. But he insisted on the impoosibility due to material stress. And fair point. So far material stress would make an anti-matter engine impossible for now.
Honestly think this was one of his least researched videos yet. His main comparisons being fusion and fission both being completely improperly explained in the process. Enriched reactor grade uranium is not weapons grade uranium, in fact it's as far from weapons grade as could be. Antimatter also has the same issues as fusion today. Both have the issue with getting more energy out than what we put in. Antimatter needs to be held and manipulated with magnetic fields which is the same issue we have with fusion in that it means you need energy to get the energy we want.
The reason fusion reactors right now are so big is that product scale raises the ability to make surplus energy and it gives more space for more powerful magnets. We can also use compressed fusion like general fusion for smaller scales though and we now have developed magnets 40 times stronger than even what ITER was designed with in mind. So making a much smaller reactor is possible now and should get better with time.
But the main issue with antimatter is cost to get it. Particle accelerators are far too costly to get it and sending pods into space just to collect it is incredibly wasteful. The project needs to be cost effective to conventional rockets, being faster doesn't make it more profitable. Maglevs are vastly faster than normal rail, but China, the nation with the most maglevs has had struggles getting people to take it as normal rail is about 4 times cheaper. This would only make sense if we were actually considering going interstellar.
turn down the power levels, you can dial the amat flow down as much as you want. gives less thrust but can essentially be dialed down until you can use a wet paper bag as the nozzle
Entertaining, informative and the smoothest sponsor transition I've ever seen in my life.
Someone please forward this to Elon Musk please
@10:13 in inherantly wrong. you can only accelerate for 50% of the trip, the other 50% is decellerating so you can stop. you might be able to play around with orbital insertion once you get there, but thats only going to move these percentages by a small amount.
Antimatter is the ultimate fuel but it's extremely strange to argue about downsides of fission when the tiniest problem with antimatter will render you, the ship and everything in extremely large large radius around your ship into subatomic particles.
I very much appreciate your sound quality.
Your videos are so high quality, interesting and fun to watch you really deserve more subscribers
Your episodes are incredibly underrated. You should have more subscribers and I don't know why.
That was the best switchover to Brilliant advertisment i have seen so far :D
1G Acceleration = 1G Artificial gravity if the decks are stacked with the engine at the bottom of the stack. That is, if the crew were standing/sitting with the tops of their heads towards the bow of the ship and feet towards the stern, they would be able to stand normally as though they were on Earth. This is how they do it in The Expanse
I like that they are "We'll have Fusion in 30 years" Yeah, you've been saying that for 35 years... Its Cyberpunk 2077 but with science. Constantly moving the goalpost back every year.
Given that we did not master flight until ~120 years ago, anything is possible
Hmmmmm..... Anti Protons have a negative charge like the electrons in the shells. So Antiprotons are repelled by the outer electron shell. The Antiproton now can't get to the inner normal Protons and annialate. Possibly stable anti mater?
I’m totally geeking in this -nice production!
Wouldn't the magnetic containment system be just as big for antimatter as it would be for fusion?
What is the music in the beginning?
Honestly, the difficulties of antimatter collection and storage make nuclear bomb propelled spacecraft look super easy, cheap and safe.
I need you to animate plumbing issues for my customers. The quality of your video is incredible.
Can you make a Tour video showing your setup and workflow?
Why just use a conventional anti-matter engine, when you can use a warp drive (several of which are under development right now).
I literally cannot believe how high quality your videos are.
Honestly, when f t l is eventually cracked, we'll still use antimatter....it's too useful a material for fuel in small packages
We will have this in 30 years...
Step one: build some capacity to build other things in orbit, rather than having to lift everything from Earth.
Another great video! You’re truly an inspiration. Keep making this content bro!
Interesting, thank you. Such solutions are vital for fast spaceflight, so we need to make and use them. I'm glad to find this channel.
Remember to take into account that antimatter destroys matter, and any containment breach no matter how small will lead to all hell breaking loose.
I'll just wait for the first warp drive if that's OK.
Are the 3D models used available for download? Sorry if I've asked before
Will be soon through patreon
@@SubjectZeroScience perfect
@@SubjectZeroScience The model i like the most was the guy at the end of the video, how did you manage to make him so realistic? I mean its still not convincing becaus no man is that handome so that ruins the immersion a bit but the graphics and details are wild!
what about slowing down? 1G acceleration towards destination, but what about deceleration? Would you reverse engines midway or 3/4 of the way and increase to 1.3G+?
If you're accelerating at 1G for 95% of the trip, how the heck do you slow down?
If I'm correct it needs 1 00 000 isp with 1G to reach 0.95c during 173 days (subject zero said that we have 10 00 000 isp) slowing down would need the same amounts respectively.
Spaceship has to have both frontal shielding (against interstellar dust)
and has to be engineered in a way to direct thrust with an angled engine without hitting itself angled to the opposite side so
definitely needs 4 engines to be safe.
Excellent futurenow technology, keep it up!
my first question: what if the power on that ship goes out? could the antimatter go boom?
Yes, so you use multiple redundancy for your power, and you arrange your fuel units so these can be ejected safely before they explode.
@@michellamontagne6326 so you would have people that just are there in case something like this happens so they can pick up the now stranded crew?
@@roberine7241 It might make sense to travel in a group with multiple ships. But I really meant you need something like 20 separate fuel tanks. If one starts going bad you eject it. You still have 19 left so you should be ok
@@michellamontagne6326 oh I was thinking in case all fail you should have someone that can drag back the ship hopefully with everyone still alive.
@@roberine7241 Once you lose the fuel you lose the ship. You need to be able to lose only part of the fuel. And once you're on your way at speed, you can't turn back without your engine and your fuel. So the best option is to transfer to another ship going in the same direction. Safety in numbers. At the power and size required, it would make sense to send ships with some spare space for eventual refugees. A whole flotilla of ships.
Faster then light is possible.
We just need to break the light barrier.
It should be easier then though.
We need to change how we interact with the universe.
Light is energy moving in every direction, it has mass, the universe is a fluid.
How do we work around this?
Ok mars in 3 days sounds like complete overkill
Snowball antimatter seems like a lot simpler and safer than a conventional Penning trap AM with the near absolute zero of space keeping the snowball cold is assured, just get the flow of antimatter to the reaction chamber safe, keep the distance between the snowball storage and chamber short as practical. The AM capture method finally give hope to AM propulsion with 1g acceleration like in the movie Passengers. Thank you for the video, Ken
We always hear about "Warping space". I have this vision of humanity learning what the fabric of spacetime is and then figuring out how to GO AROUND IT, like finding a hidden hallway in a mansion and BYPASSING the rooms. It's generally accepted that spacetime itself is moving into the void faster than light. Maybe we can too, if we go around space?
This is one of the first "space travel tech" videos that I've seen which doesn't repeat old news about the Alcubierre warp field or other topics that have been discussed to death.
If the acceleration and deceleration was kept at a constant 1g, it would solve the gravity in space problem
Thanks for a great update, looking forward to Tuesdays video...👌
When we get to the star that we're going to, can't we just deploy a solar sail to decelerate us? The bigger the sail, the bigger the push right? Closer you get to the Sun the more push? Can we make like a air break with solar sails?
I think SpaceX's Starship can change the game in this stuff a lot... not as a vehicle to Mars or somewhere other but as a rocket that can take many tons to orbit so ideas like this one can be actually built and tested in orbit.
Construction of test antimatter capture and then test antimatter engine can only be done in space because that kind of a rocket will still have a hard time to get out of the Earth's surface and atmosphere.
With it and its 100 or so tons that will possibly be able to lift to low Earth orbit, you can get all the antimatter traps, all the metals, all the hydrogen to orbit and assemble it there.
9:00 Medical MRI are currently over 10T and they does not weight thousands tonne.
When i was in High School ('79-'82), the films we sat through were no where near as interesting as your latest production! Two thumbs up!
You got the numbers swapped. 1 g acceleration can get you to Mars in 54 hours. 34 g would get you to Mars in 7 hours at conjunction, or 18 hours when Mars is on the far side of the sun.
I was wondering how the math worked out in considering g forces. Did you account that you have to decelerate as long as you accelerate?
The Intro was slick! nice job, keep it up
I love the game Starsector's version of anti-matter fuel, it is a molecule that is designed to be metastable, like C4 explosive, it is a fullerene shell that surrounds an anti-hydrogen atom electrostatically, and then mixed with binder foam and normal hydrogen - when you burn the fuel with an oxidiser it releases the anti-hydrogen and immediately anihilates releasing the energy.
This sounds a LOT more easier to handle, basically you could hold this fuel in your hand and you only have to treat it with similar precautions to gunpowder.
Dude, your editing is getting amazing!