A chemist who is late for dinner ends up in trouble with their significant other. Which means sleeping on the couch, which in turn means more experiment time. Yeah, I've been there many times as well.
If you scream in your "lab" (garage) then come back inside without answering any questions about if anything happened to you you may get to sleep in the bed However do note that this is gambling and if you lose it's much worse than sleeping on the couch Also it loses potency as its used (varies from partner to partner)
@@ferrischemistry7879 i havent tried that yet. I have tried nitric acid, sulphuric acid, potassium permanganate, and lead acetate. I won't comment on which ones were on purpose or accident. Ill try it when i get home and report back.
@@K0ester nitric acid just tastes like sour ×1000000 Permanganate was like a fizzy sting for me Lead acetate had a sweet beginning with a sour damp aftertaste I haven't ever tried sulfuric though
"What have you spent the last 3 years of your life on?" "I made cubes. Really tiny cubes. That explode." Also an oil leak is engineer talk for progressive oil changes. That's technically preventative maintenance!
I see you're raising your cat well for the australian Ecosystem, letting it kill the introduced rabbits instead of magpies or Kookaburras. Fighting introduced pests with introduced pets, if you will
Yeah usually it's just mice or rats but the rabbits have been crazy this year, so I think they're an easy target. Still not a fan of the killing though
@@ExtractionsAndIre yeah, our late Jack Russell terrier was a very good Varmint disposer. However being in the USA, all the animals were native squirrels that we had to get him to drop, or clean up after his prey drive got the better of him. He was quite good at policing the quarter acre fenced yard that we have in town.
My tired ass just woke up to see this video titled "Mastering the Ketamine Synthesis" and I thought to myself, this explains nothing... Then I tried again and it made more sense
Don't sweat the pump, just replace the oil, or run the pump pulling on an empty flask for a few hours and toluene will boil out. Toluene won't hurt the seals. DMF or THF would damage them though.
@@0FG0 Knowing Australian wildlife, they most likely prefer their waters with those things in it to keep the title of "Everything Will Kill You, Even the Water"
Would be interesting to see if the venom of animals living places with high levels of different types of waste is any different. With toads/frogs /mushrooms varying exactly what they biosynthesize depending on what chemicals their diet/environment give them to start with, there might be some effect from waste over long periods of time.
If you want dry ice, the best way I've found to get a reasonable amount suitable for home use is to find a meal delivery service that delivers frozen meals. A lot will package their boxes with dry ice, it's not as much as you'd get if you ordered it dedicated, but the minimum order quantities are so large that most would just go to waste anyway. I think lite n' easy deliver to you, and they apparently use dry ice? Don't know about others, aren't you Adelaide ish?some "gym based" ones I think ship Australia wide. $51 Australian for a week's worth of meals is a lot, but the value of the dry ice to you might offset that cost to the point where it was worth considering. Especially as you seem to have trouble being in time for dinner :p.
Yeah that's how I genuinely say it... "Ennnemarr", because I'm bad at saying words, and I never noticed it until I said it in a video and everyone pointed it out haha
For some reason, the intro sent me into fucking flashbacks of organic lab, with the TA trying to cram the reaction mechanism in as quickly as possible to give us the most possible time on our reaction which required 2 hours of reflux. In a 2 hour long lab. Ah, the good old days.
To get the toluene out of the pump oil just pull loads of air through it outside, it'll smoke alot. If your pump has a 'ballast' setting on it that's all that does as well. It blows anything volatile out of the oil.
OMG I feel your pain, I gasped when the small condenser broke, I'm always messing with stuff too much and breaking it. Good vid, you are getting better! HAHA
Hey man! Nice job on the setup, your vac distillation is a lot better! Big oof on the short path head though lol We can protect your pump a little better by adding a bunch of salt to your water ice trap, lower that freezing point. Also use a big steel pot or something with a cover that has a little bit better insulation from the environment. Wrap it up with some fiberglass or a towel or something. You can also chain multiple cold fingers together to amplify the effect. It's a beastly pump so changing the oil will keep it great even after pretty tough beatings. If all else fails just pull a less deep vacuum with your control valve and sacrifice molecules to the thermo gods with more heat at the mantle. In operation, the more agitation you have put into the fluid the better. Crank that RPM on the stir bar as much as it will allow. Vac grease on the joints is cheap, keeps your glass from fusing and is good for making a more stable plate series. I feel you on the dry ice. A lab I worked for used to buy out the local small town grocery store's entire supply every week because it was the only option for a while. It was sketchy.
I heard yield an was reminded of a practical I did during my alevels where I got a 122% yield which we thought was half impure,. Did a purification and turns out we threw the product away and managed to get all the impurities from the reaction. Worst day of my life.
>breaks the short path condenser >makes meta jokes about meta jokes that nobody has ever heard before >sieves from a vague jar with "dried" written on it in faded sharpie this is what I tune in for
Whyyyyy am i so drawn to chemistry channels even though I lack any of the base knowledge for anything to make sense to me?? I feel like a toddler with a very deep dent in the head
I absolutely love watching these videos. I work with wind tunnels and aerodynamics, so I can't really have a home lab like this, but it's a reminder to stay passionate. And it also gets me to pull my well-worn copy of Ignition out. These are basically the video shitpost equivalents of that book and I love that about them.
As an electronics engineer I have absolutely no grasp and clue about chemistry really. I am a quite sciency guy yes, but it was never my go-to-field. But still, I absolutely love your videos! You show, that with knowledge, one can do cool chemistry and don't break the bank for a fancy lab. You show, that sometimes the pure fact that somethings works is reward enough. Shitty yield? Bah... Noone cares! We just love watching you toiling away and enjoy you doing your thing. Keep it up mate! 👍😁
Fuck yeah!!! Bang up job man! This has been a blast following this series, I appreciate all the hard work and time spent on this. Hope your pump is still happy!
We only ditch sieves that was in reactions. I reuse sieves from drying solvents since they are still clean and you are gonna suck it dry anyway. Exception is DMF and DMSO sieves, since i cant suck them down.
I once told a lab mate in the uni lab to dry out his sieves in the oven and just reuse them. They had been in DMSO. Overnight the lab obtain the smell of a toxic swamp marsh
@@PotionsMaster666 Good question, wondering the same thing. I would think that maybe at the very least you could reuse those sieves to dry the same solvent again once it's vacuum dried.
Brilliant budding chemist. Very impressive explanation and execution of your synthesis here. Octanitrocubane is obv the goal here. For those that don't know it is worth more than platinum and is the single most powerful/brisant conventional single component explosive making rdx look like black powder. Cheers... Dry ice can be made onsite from a liquid CO2 cylinder, the type sold for soda fountains. Also fire extinguisher class b.
8:45 dude that is really funny, and the fact I entirelly believe you have actually made that joke that many times. Is kind of fantastic. Its very genuine in a weird way anyway. C₂₁H₃₀O₂ may have influenced these thoughts.
I have no idea why but I can only watch your videos when I'm eating a shit ton of food. Your voice paired with what your doing is like gorden ramsey making a dish for the gods.
Expensive and doesn't really tell you the identity of the products, aaand you need a suitable staining agent. Could still be useful in some situations, though
@@adrianpip2000 I imagine it would work for determining whether the vacuum distillation worked in this case, perhaps using permanganate staining. Also after looking it up, didn't realise it was that expensive.
Oh man watching that short path break was a really sinking feeling. Sorry that happened. I see you have experienced the unpredictable overboil during a vacuum distillation now. It’s crazy how fast it happens isn’t it? They carry dry ice here at the grocery store for about $20 a block I think. It’s like 10 pounds of dry ice. I haven’t had much use for it yet though.
To protect you vacuum pump build a proper cold trap. Cheap and simple version. 1 vacuum wall thermos large and open to air, 1 metal single wall tumbler to be modded to act as vacuum catch, few ball bearings, rubbing alcohol, dry ice. Mod tumbler to have vacuum line in (from experiment) with snorkel tube to bottom and exit going to pump. Add ball bearings to increase internal surface area inside tumbler. Seal modded tumbler and place inside thermos (do not close and leave thermos open to air). Fill thermos with rubbing alcohol and a few pieces of dry ice. Now for the fun wait for it to cool off and add dry ice as needed. Rubbing alcohol will not freeze but will get to near cryogenic temp as well as everything inside it. (We use this kind of process at work to cryo-weld, thermal friction join, lifting lugs on parts)
As for hydrolysis of PTSA, I would not worry. You need to cook it in aqueous acid for this, in anhydrous conditions of azeotropic distillation, desulfonation is very unlikely and would result in reformation of PTSA. I would say, that making pure p-toluenesulfonic acid on side would be great idea (very useful chemical, bench stable on air as monohydrate). I think that NurdRage had good video about synthesis. As for purification of toluene: a bit of sodium and reflux with distillation is superior to reflux with H₂SO₄. Beware of molecular sieves! Especially with drying of ketones/aldehydes for longer periods: zeolites will catalyse aldol condensation and push it further by catching water. That is why you never dry acetone with them - it just turns yellow, your favourite colour :P For azeotropic reactions, I would not loose time with drying chemicals purity is more important. Any organic impurity that can change into tar will do it - better not to give it a chance. In you case, probably some oldschool analysis by specific reactions would be usefull. For checking if your ketal is pure, the best would be hydrolysing it to ketone and checking its specific reactivity (hydrazone formation for example). TLC would not be great, silica catalyses decomposition and with pure product you can have few spots which will look like dirty compound. Or one spot identical to substrate. I experienced this myself. For vacuum distilation to make it better, try to use pig or perking triangle. Especially last one would be perfect for this scale. There is homemade version from standard laboratory glassware on Journal of Chemical Education (doi 10.1021/ed063p734) As for trap before your pump, if cooling is problem try it from another angle: charcoal. It is used in also in filtration system in Gloveboxes for catching organic vapours. Try to fill trap with it (not powder but also not big chunks) heat it under vacuum for some time (taps on both ends of trap would be great to have) and after cooling to RT it should work wonderfully. Even better when cooled down with ice water. Fun fact: trap with charcoal which was heated under vacuum and the is cooled by liquid nitrogen can be used as passive vacuum pump. It is clean source of vacuum, sometimes used with mass spectrometers (especially in past before turbomolecular pumps). Where good, two-stage oil pump can give vacuum up to 1×10⁻³ mbar, charcoal or zeolite trap can give vacuum in 10⁻⁶ mbar limit. Who knows, your vacuum can be even better than now with very small cost :P
It might be the time lapse of your vacuum distillation but I think improving the seals in your glassware will help with your yield when using a vacuum. A pressure gauge and a valve to close off the vacuum source would help tell if you have a leak. Any leaks in the glassware will cause a massive flow rate that will force the vapors through your condensing column and cold trap before it has a chance to condense. As as added benefit to a vacuum or any synthesis you could vacuum to a low pressure and refill with nitrogen several times to remove oxygen and water which should significantly help reduce the amount of yellowing. Especially when using a flow meter to keep a small nitrogen flow to maintain the atmosphere inside the reaction flask.
@@ironmonkey1512 I think the key phrase is "in my area". Idk about how it is in AUS, but in the states, I think most people would agree with you. Most grocers have a chest of dry ice for packing coolers, etc. That said, I don't know of any in my state. In fact, the only places I know of in my state are commercial distributors and industrial gas suppliers at least 50mi away -- not exactly as simple as going to the grocery store. I imagine there's some bullshit regulation that makes it impractical for retailers to stock it, and surely this shithole isn't the only place with a lack of availability for nonsense reasons.
Depending on how much he uses it, he could make a hardcore chiller instead; pull apart a second hand portable airconditioner and stick the evaporator in your bucket of coolant. Usually good down to around -20C.
Tip for distillation; if you are fancy and you value only the high boiling point product, you can use an isobar addition funnel constanstly refilling the boiler. Or just once you evaporate a huge volume transfert everything in a smaller boiler, both way you reduce the total volume of the system and therefore the loss inherent to the fact that the volume needs to be filled by the vapor of you profuct
@0.50 my confusion about all of chemistry isnt because youre going to fast. it is my supreme lack of understanding chemistry/chemical bonding and seperation. i still enjoy watching the videos though
100% Did not just like the video because of the ending credits comment, "Oh cat! What have you got..." It's all about the chemistry. Glorious chemistry.
102% yield guy was really ahead of the curve in relation to your peroxide video where you got a 102% yield. Unless you've had that peroxide video in the works literally since mid 2020 and he made his name a joke after it, which in that case that's really impressive on how long you've worked on that peroxide video.
Tip: get some crowdfunding for better equipment: CO2 generator and cryocooler (to make cryogenic fluids and solids) FTIR spectrometer (Agilent and Schimadzu have got a type so small that you can place it on your desk) Melting point apparatus
As someone that recently found a dead mouse under the kitchenette (courtesy of one of our arsehole cats), I can attest that decomposed most definitely is a smell...
> 3:19 mentions yellow but doesn't complain about it
> gets good yields
Who are you and what have you done with the real Tom?
I think he finally succumbed to madness after Fulminating Platinum.
Using reagent bottles instead of soft drink bottles - what an upgrade!
Haha yeah honestly. Maybe even one day I'll replace the salsa jars.... unlikely though haha
@@ExtractionsAndIre I mean, why replace them if it works?
@@2001Pieps safety principles.
@@Seorful ......you must be new here
@@custos3249 No, but my amazement that he is still alive is never ending.
F for that short path condenser
Always remember
I will always fondly remember the time I used it once
Paying respect...
I was watching him press that condenser over the side of the mantle thinking "That's gonna break!" about 1 second before it did.
Short path condensers are less than 13% of the glassware yet account for over 50% of glassware breakage.
S
A chemist who is late for dinner ends up in trouble with their significant other. Which means sleeping on the couch, which in turn means more experiment time. Yeah, I've been there many times as well.
Isn't this how Flubber was invented?
If you scream in your "lab" (garage) then come back inside without answering any questions about if anything happened to you you may get to sleep in the bed
However do note that this is gambling and if you lose it's much worse than sleeping on the couch
Also it loses potency as its used (varies from partner to partner)
“This one tastes like” - only the best chemists taste their product to determine what it is.
Try copper sulfate
@@ferrischemistry7879 ehhhh i dont know,
@@K0ester bro copper sulfate is the weirdest substance I've ever tasted
@@ferrischemistry7879 i havent tried that yet. I have tried nitric acid, sulphuric acid, potassium permanganate, and lead acetate. I won't comment on which ones were on purpose or accident. Ill try it when i get home and report back.
@@K0ester nitric acid just tastes like sour ×1000000
Permanganate was like a fizzy sting for me
Lead acetate had a sweet beginning with a sour damp aftertaste
I haven't ever tried sulfuric though
"What have you spent the last 3 years of your life on?"
"I made cubes. Really tiny cubes. That explode."
Also an oil leak is engineer talk for progressive oil changes. That's technically preventative maintenance!
Just buy a funnel and a tiny pump to pump leaked oil from the catch tub to the inlet. There, leak solved
@@maxk4324 but then what happens when the tiny pump starts leaking oil?
@@TheTdw2000 just put the small pump inside a tank of oil
@@TheTdw2000 the solution is recursive
PM guy is here and I is he
I see you're raising your cat well for the australian Ecosystem, letting it kill the introduced rabbits instead of magpies or
Kookaburras. Fighting introduced pests with introduced pets, if you will
Yeah usually it's just mice or rats but the rabbits have been crazy this year, so I think they're an easy target. Still not a fan of the killing though
@@ExtractionsAndIre understandable when you're the one who has to get rid of the bodies...
@@ExtractionsAndIre yeah, our late Jack Russell terrier was a very good Varmint disposer. However being in the USA, all the animals were native squirrels that we had to get him to drop, or clean up after his prey drive got the better of him.
He was quite good at policing the quarter acre fenced yard that we have in town.
Mathakk don’t bring up the emu’s...
@@FlatBroke612 I think emus are indigenous, they just fuck up crops, so they're annoying
"this one tastes...". i almost choked laughing. FFS
I was thinking he's gunna end up like Cody at that rate...
Your yeild game is proportional to your thumbnail game
Why are there so many people that are incapable to learn that it's "yield" and not some fuckin "yeild"
Where's the problem?
RiP
@MarconiiFM Did you mean wierd? ;P
GerSHAK “Weird” is just weird.
*BIG* *TIME*
5:00 Me: he's really applying a lot of pressure to the end of that short path condenser. I hope it doesn't... oh.
The sigh after he broke it is what had me rolling
My tired ass just woke up to see this video titled "Mastering the Ketamine Synthesis" and I thought to myself, this explains nothing... Then I tried again and it made more sense
Don't sweat the pump, just replace the oil, or run the pump pulling on an empty flask for a few hours and toluene will boil out.
Toluene won't hurt the seals. DMF or THF would damage them though.
Not having seen the video before reading your comment made me genuinely concerned for the marine wildlife in Australia
@@0FG0 Knowing Australian wildlife, they most likely prefer their waters with those things in it to keep the title of "Everything Will Kill You, Even the Water"
Would be interesting to see if the venom of animals living places with high levels of different types of waste is any different. With toads/frogs /mushrooms varying exactly what they biosynthesize depending on what chemicals their diet/environment give them to start with, there might be some effect from waste over long periods of time.
"Why were you late to diner?"
"SO MUCH YIELD! SO MUCH YIELD! :D"
Try using gamer girl bath water as the solvent.
He already drank the vial he got.
Lol, as an aside, it is staggering to believe that ANYONE actually purchased it. Goes to show how many simpletons&cucks are out there.
@@garycard1456 lol someone's still upset they sold out
Far too dangerous of a solvent to be worth the risk
Yellow chem bad.
I've now watched your cat gallop away with a rabbit in its mouth 10 times. Pure Aussie content that.
The repeated "Oy" just makes it perfect
If you want dry ice, the best way I've found to get a reasonable amount suitable for home use is to find a meal delivery service that delivers frozen meals.
A lot will package their boxes with dry ice, it's not as much as you'd get if you ordered it dedicated, but the minimum order quantities are so large that most would just go to waste anyway.
I think lite n' easy deliver to you, and they apparently use dry ice? Don't know about others, aren't you Adelaide ish?some "gym based" ones I think ship Australia wide.
$51 Australian for a week's worth of meals is a lot, but the value of the dry ice to you might offset that cost to the point where it was worth considering.
Especially as you seem to have trouble being in time for dinner :p.
19:19 Its probably because I’m Canadian but whenever you say “I need to run an MMR” I hear “I need to run an enema”... gets me every time 🤣
The sieves never make it to air:proceeds to pull a vacuum on the sieves.
I cannot say how much I have been looking forward to another video. You and Nile Red are the main reason I’m majoring in Chem!
"If this was a good lab, I'd run an enema." ?!?! xD
@@RandomGuy-ol6wi Ik, I just thought the stumble was funny. Ta anyways. ;)
Random Guy
IR spectometry can be just as good
Yeah that's how I genuinely say it... "Ennnemarr", because I'm bad at saying words, and I never noticed it until I said it in a video and everyone pointed it out haha
@@cezarcatalin1406 inter rectal spectroskapy?
@@ExtractionsAndIre it's all good, i knew what you were going for. 👍
Stateside, Wal-Mart sells 15-micron vacuum pumps and Harps sells dry ice $6/lb.
F for Aussie hobbyists
Meijer sells dry ice for $2.39/lb; Penguin brand.
The store I work at sells it for four bucks regular price and we have periodic sales where it drops to two.
You can get dry ice easily enough from various places in Australia too. This guy just isn't trying.
@@darkmage35 he has said in a past video that the closest shop that sells dry ice is an hour+ each way.
"why don't we pre-dry our two reagents with some doritos"
Getting a PayPal transfer from a well-known australian energetics chemist: Easiest way to get on a no fly list.
No worrys hitch a ride with han solo
Don't bring the rabbit inside!
Lending your pump to a friend for homebrew is indeed a noble cause. You are a good man thank you 🖖
Today's episode: slightly more ADHD chemistry than usual
This man uploads at like 12 am. A respectable aussie. Only bogans do yellow chemistry!
"This one tastes like..." really has me starting to wonder if I am watching chemistry or alchemy.
For some reason, the intro sent me into fucking flashbacks of organic lab, with the TA trying to cram the reaction mechanism in as quickly as possible to give us the most possible time on our reaction which required 2 hours of reflux. In a 2 hour long lab. Ah, the good old days.
Highly relatable experience
You only had 2 hour long Labs and the TA even explained the reaction to you beforehand, thats quite nice
To get the toluene out of the pump oil just pull loads of air through it outside, it'll smoke alot. If your pump has a 'ballast' setting on it that's all that does as well. It blows anything volatile out of the oil.
OMG I feel your pain, I gasped when the small condenser broke, I'm always messing with stuff too much and breaking it. Good vid, you are getting better! HAHA
My god your videos are so entertaining. I have no background in chemistry/whatever this is, but I absolutely love this stuff
Not enough Orange chem. I'm starting to believe you're a Yellow Chem sympathizer. Please prove me wrong.
There was some unusually interesting Yellow Chem going on at Chemical Force recently
Look at the stars, look how they shine for you
See the most recent vid by Chemical Force: PBr5. Lovely Yellow Chem
@@garycard1456 yeah
Yellow is Orange in White Clothing.
Make Sulphur monochloride to discover the Orange Desire of the Purest Yellows.
Hey man! Nice job on the setup, your vac distillation is a lot better! Big oof on the short path head though lol
We can protect your pump a little better by adding a bunch of salt to your water ice trap, lower that freezing point. Also use a big steel pot or something with a cover that has a little bit better insulation from the environment. Wrap it up with some fiberglass or a towel or something. You can also chain multiple cold fingers together to amplify the effect. It's a beastly pump so changing the oil will keep it great even after pretty tough beatings. If all else fails just pull a less deep vacuum with your control valve and sacrifice molecules to the thermo gods with more heat at the mantle.
In operation, the more agitation you have put into the fluid the better. Crank that RPM on the stir bar as much as it will allow. Vac grease on the joints is cheap, keeps your glass from fusing and is good for making a more stable plate series.
I feel you on the dry ice. A lab I worked for used to buy out the local small town grocery store's entire supply every week because it was the only option for a while. It was sketchy.
Tom mentioned adding calcium chloride to the ice trap, so he's ahead of you there :)
Well that's made my evening! So many distillations and purifications. You must be one patient bloke.
I heard yield an was reminded of a practical I did during my alevels where I got a 122% yield which we thought was half impure,. Did a purification and turns out we threw the product away and managed to get all the impurities from the reaction. Worst day of my life.
shoutout for cobalt from discord
I absolutely love the part where you're calling each reagent by its use or product class or whatever 😂
>breaks the short path condenser
>makes meta jokes about meta jokes that nobody has ever heard before
>sieves from a vague jar with "dried" written on it in faded sharpie
this is what I tune in for
It's like I'm only loosly in control of my actions haha
Whyyyyy am i so drawn to chemistry channels even though I lack any of the base knowledge for anything to make sense to me?? I feel like a toddler with a very deep dent in the head
when you said "this one tastes like" i honestly wasn't even surprised
I absolutely love watching these videos. I work with wind tunnels and aerodynamics, so I can't really have a home lab like this, but it's a reminder to stay passionate. And it also gets me to pull my well-worn copy of Ignition out. These are basically the video shitpost equivalents of that book and I love that about them.
10:41 F****NG awesome cinematography bro! And in all honesty, your videos are fantastic.
As an electronics engineer I have absolutely no grasp and clue about chemistry really. I am a quite sciency guy yes, but it was never my go-to-field.
But still, I absolutely love your videos! You show, that with knowledge, one can do cool chemistry and don't break the bank for a fancy lab.
You show, that sometimes the pure fact that somethings works is reward enough.
Shitty yield? Bah... Noone cares!
We just love watching you toiling away and enjoy you doing your thing.
Keep it up mate! 👍😁
Fuck yeah!!! Bang up job man! This has been a blast following this series, I appreciate all the hard work and time spent on this. Hope your pump is still happy!
Every time you overcome difficulties that a formal lab would not experience, you gain career experience!
We only ditch sieves that was in reactions. I reuse sieves from drying solvents since they are still clean and you are gonna suck it dry anyway.
Exception is DMF and DMSO sieves, since i cant suck them down.
I once told a lab mate in the uni lab to dry out his sieves in the oven and just reuse them. They had been in DMSO. Overnight the lab obtain the smell of a toxic swamp marsh
Extractions&Ire LOL yep. Egg fart if you do DMSO, 5 days old pee if you do DMF
@@CalebKam I'm glad I read this... lol.
But why can't we pull out DMSO and DMF ?? What's happening ?
@@PotionsMaster666 Good question, wondering the same thing. I would think that maybe at the very least you could reuse those sieves to dry the same solvent again once it's vacuum dried.
Brilliant budding chemist. Very impressive explanation and execution of your synthesis here. Octanitrocubane is obv the goal here. For those that don't know it is worth more than platinum and is the single most powerful/brisant conventional single component explosive making rdx look like black powder. Cheers... Dry ice can be made onsite from a liquid CO2 cylinder, the type sold for soda fountains. Also fire extinguisher class b.
8:45 dude that is really funny, and the fact I entirelly believe you have actually made that joke that many times. Is kind of fantastic. Its very genuine in a weird way anyway. C₂₁H₃₀O₂ may have influenced these thoughts.
I have no idea why but I can only watch your videos when I'm eating a shit ton of food. Your voice paired with what your doing is like gorden ramsey making a dish for the gods.
Maybe buy some TLC plates to use as an analytical method?
Also congrats on actually getting a proper yield.
Expensive and doesn't really tell you the identity of the products, aaand you need a suitable staining agent. Could still be useful in some situations, though
@@adrianpip2000 I imagine it would work for determining whether the vacuum distillation worked in this case, perhaps using permanganate staining. Also after looking it up, didn't realise it was that expensive.
@@dustinsmith8341 TLC works perfectly fine on liquids
@@dustinsmith8341 it'll work just fine on anything that'll dissolve into your chosen eluent.
@@adrianpip2000 An iodine chamber often works as an inexpensive staining process. All you need is a jar and a small amount of elemental iodine.
18:18 that resonance in the flask though, that's trippy.
Just saw the PET plastic vid so got a bit nervous when he brought out the engine coolant again
What i most appreciate about your videos is how comforting I find that I'm not the only one that can't draw pentagons, hexagons and whatnot
"Nothing appears to have gone catastrophically wrong". :) I hated chemistry at school, you make it not only interesting, but very, very funny.
Oh man watching that short path break was a really sinking feeling. Sorry that happened.
I see you have experienced the unpredictable overboil during a vacuum distillation now. It’s crazy how fast it happens isn’t it?
They carry dry ice here at the grocery store for about $20 a block I think. It’s like 10 pounds of dry ice. I haven’t had much use for it yet though.
To protect you vacuum pump build a proper cold trap. Cheap and simple version.
1 vacuum wall thermos large and open to air, 1 metal single wall tumbler to be modded to act as vacuum catch, few ball bearings, rubbing alcohol, dry ice.
Mod tumbler to have vacuum line in (from experiment) with snorkel tube to bottom and exit going to pump. Add ball bearings to increase internal surface area inside tumbler.
Seal modded tumbler and place inside thermos (do not close and leave thermos open to air). Fill thermos with rubbing alcohol and a few pieces of dry ice.
Now for the fun wait for it to cool off and add dry ice as needed. Rubbing alcohol will not freeze but will get to near cryogenic temp as well as everything inside it. (We use this kind of process at work to cryo-weld, thermal friction join, lifting lugs on parts)
You have a great channel, im looking forward to seeing all of your future endeavors!
I'm glad you didn't do the enema test.
Hell yeah new vid , love your channel mate
Organic chemistry with added camera induced vertigo! Excellent
Those 25mins flew by! Really enjoyed the video!
The amount of times I've scrolled passed this, excitedly reading ketamine not ketal! It's breaking my poor heart
The commentary on this one is awesome over breakfast 😄 I'm glad I haven't choaked on my drink yet. Been close lol
Least you have some real equipment and a shed lab. I have to use my kitchen table and computer desk for any experements in residence 😆
I am excited to see this come to fruition.
the way you do chemistry feels like the way i do music. that and having afx music in every video makes this my favorite chem channel
Dude Thank you i've enjoyed your back log of videos .
As for hydrolysis of PTSA, I would not worry. You need to cook it in aqueous acid for this, in anhydrous conditions of azeotropic distillation, desulfonation is very unlikely and would result in reformation of PTSA. I would say, that making pure p-toluenesulfonic acid on side would be great idea (very useful chemical, bench stable on air as monohydrate). I think that NurdRage had good video about synthesis.
As for purification of toluene: a bit of sodium and reflux with distillation is superior to reflux with H₂SO₄.
Beware of molecular sieves! Especially with drying of ketones/aldehydes for longer periods: zeolites will catalyse aldol condensation and push it further by catching water. That is why you never dry acetone with them - it just turns yellow, your favourite colour :P For azeotropic reactions, I would not loose time with drying chemicals purity is more important. Any organic impurity that can change into tar will do it - better not to give it a chance.
In you case, probably some oldschool analysis by specific reactions would be usefull. For checking if your ketal is pure, the best would be hydrolysing it to ketone and checking its specific reactivity (hydrazone formation for example). TLC would not be great, silica catalyses decomposition and with pure product you can have few spots which will look like dirty compound. Or one spot identical to substrate. I experienced this myself.
For vacuum distilation to make it better, try to use pig or perking triangle. Especially last one would be perfect for this scale. There is homemade version from standard laboratory glassware on Journal of Chemical Education (doi 10.1021/ed063p734)
As for trap before your pump, if cooling is problem try it from another angle: charcoal. It is used in also in filtration system in Gloveboxes for catching organic vapours. Try to fill trap with it (not powder but also not big chunks) heat it under vacuum for some time (taps on both ends of trap would be great to have) and after cooling to RT it should work wonderfully. Even better when cooled down with ice water. Fun fact: trap with charcoal which was heated under vacuum and the is cooled by liquid nitrogen can be used as passive vacuum pump. It is clean source of vacuum, sometimes used with mass spectrometers (especially in past before turbomolecular pumps). Where good, two-stage oil pump can give vacuum up to 1×10⁻³ mbar, charcoal or zeolite trap can give vacuum in 10⁻⁶ mbar limit. Who knows, your vacuum can be even better than now with very small cost :P
It might be the time lapse of your vacuum distillation but I think improving the seals in your glassware will help with your yield when using a vacuum. A pressure gauge and a valve to close off the vacuum source would help tell if you have a leak. Any leaks in the glassware will cause a massive flow rate that will force the vapors through your condensing column and cold trap before it has a chance to condense.
As as added benefit to a vacuum or any synthesis you could vacuum to a low pressure and refill with nitrogen several times to remove oxygen and water which should significantly help reduce the amount of yellowing. Especially when using a flow meter to keep a small nitrogen flow to maintain the atmosphere inside the reaction flask.
That thumbnail though 😂 love it so damn much
Yeah it's a great thumbnail!
I am really not sure why you want to create Cuban citizens but I quite like seeing the process. Great content :)
I'm sure dry ice doesn't survive long in the ridiculous aussie sun, but I would 1000% recommend using a dry ice trap before the oil bath in future.
Your chemistry is paying some good dividends...stonks
You should have done a "YIELD" counter
That thumbnail is the best thing I've seen today
Beauty Abounds !
Shiny glass ... clear liquids slowly becoming yellow .. nothing exploding too much ... product !
Nice one ;)
5:06 That
sigh is way too relatable.
19:42, "So what have we got available"
Me (99% Joking): "Taste Test"
19:52, "This one tastes like..."
I'm rolling.
Maybe the next fundraising goal is to get Tom a dry ice sleeve and a massive CO2 cylinder?
Just my thoughts
you can buy dry ice from grocery in my area
+
@@ironmonkey1512 I think the key phrase is "in my area". Idk about how it is in AUS, but in the states, I think most people would agree with you. Most grocers have a chest of dry ice for packing coolers, etc. That said, I don't know of any in my state. In fact, the only places I know of in my state are commercial distributors and industrial gas suppliers at least 50mi away -- not exactly as simple as going to the grocery store. I imagine there's some bullshit regulation that makes it impractical for retailers to stock it, and surely this shithole isn't the only place with a lack of availability for nonsense reasons.
Depending on how much he uses it, he could make a hardcore chiller instead; pull apart a second hand portable airconditioner and stick the evaporator in your bucket of coolant. Usually good down to around -20C.
I love how the car coolant is liquified legendary pokemon.
The thumbnail has me absolutely killed
I love your videos and your personality and you should know that i clicked just a bit faster for the funny thumbnail
Brother, you can make your own dry ice! Just put molecular sieves in your ice cube tray before you add your water, and freeze like normal.
Tip for distillation; if you are fancy and you value only the high boiling point product, you can use an isobar addition funnel constanstly refilling the boiler. Or just once you evaporate a huge volume transfert everything in a smaller boiler, both way you reduce the total volume of the system and therefore the loss inherent to the fact that the volume needs to be filled by the vapor of you profuct
19:45 Taste them
EDIT: Great minds think alike it seems.
Beard is looking sick as!
"So we're at least three layers deep at this point." Hilarious, man.
This project is the embodiment of band aid solutions and unintended consequences, near constant regret and suffering.
@0.50 my confusion about all of chemistry isnt because youre going to fast. it is my supreme lack of understanding chemistry/chemical bonding and seperation. i still enjoy watching the videos though
I have no idea what's happening, but holy fuck, you're entertaining.
100% Did not just like the video because of the ending credits comment, "Oh cat! What have you got..."
It's all about the chemistry. Glorious chemistry.
This came in my suggestions, funny thumbnail 😂😂😂
Damn, here in the states dry ice is at every grocery store and you can just buy chunks whenever you want.
7:53 you basically described how 99% of all hobbyist labs are like.
102% yield guy was really ahead of the curve in relation to your peroxide video where you got a 102% yield. Unless you've had that peroxide video in the works literally since mid 2020 and he made his name a joke after it, which in that case that's really impressive on how long you've worked on that peroxide video.
That was some good cinematography or whatever
Tip: get some crowdfunding for better equipment:
CO2 generator and cryocooler (to make cryogenic fluids and solids)
FTIR spectrometer (Agilent and Schimadzu have got a type so small that you can place it on your desk)
Melting point apparatus
As someone that recently found a dead mouse under the kitchenette (courtesy of one of our arsehole cats), I can attest that decomposed most definitely is a smell...
A+ goot cinnamon topography
I just got shunted from this video to steaks dry-aged in ketchup.
Honestly, it...
...fit...
...somehow.....