Consider a box of 10,000 air molecules. 3 of them were co2 molecules. Industrialisation added a 4th. How can one extra molecule in 10,000 cause global warming? To ask the question is to answer it.
That question can be answered by looking at the temperature of Venus. Not only is the temperature dramatically higher but all the water has been ejected from the planet as well.
@@markperry3610 For every 1-degree increase from CO2, there is a corresponding 1-degree increase in temperature due to the increase in water vapor the CO2 puts into the atmosphere. All Martian water is frozen so there is virtually no water vapor in the atmosphere and Martian atmospheric air pressure is less than 1% of Earth's.
Orwell couldn't have invented a more frightening future, enabled with modern technology. btw: "Every Breath You Take" used to be affectionately called "The Stalker's Song".
For the last 10,000 years, humans have been cutting forests which blocked the uptake of CO2, and started farming which released CO2 and CH4 into the atmosphere. This stopped the gradual cooling after all interglacial maximums, maintaining climate temperatures at a relatively constant level, and allowing human civilization to flourish until the Little Ice Age. The Little Ice Age appears to have been caused by an increase in aerosols from volcanic activity in conjunction with the loss of 18 million Native Americans killed by European diseases. This population drop allowed the uptake of CO2 through the increase in forest growth and stopped the release of CO2 and CH4 from North American farming. The human industrial revolution began about 1760 and pulled us back out of the Little Ice Age by injecting massive amounts of trace greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Global temperatures have continued to rise since about 1900 with short stops and starts. The last 8 years have been the hottest 8 years on record. That record started in 1880 when the thermometer was invented. El Ninos add just a tad more heat by blowing trade winds east, blocking warm ocean waters from being mixed into deeper ocean waters of the Western Pacific. Instead, warm Pacific waters back up against the western American Coast, blocking the upwellings of cold nutrient-rich waters. This is precisely why El Ninos cause a warmer climate than La Ninas. Due to the Milankovitch cycles, the natural climate should be in a mild glacial period, but temperature gains continue to rise directly due to industry injecting massive amounts of trace greenhouse gas into the atmosphere.
The question of why the Earth didn't get extremely cold at night was figured out in the 1850s by Eunice Foote, an amateur scientist and activist for women's rights, and John Tyndall who set the foundation for our modern understanding of the greenhouse effect. Science is the systematic nullification of a hypothesis until you discover a hypothesis that you cannot get nullified and that graduates into a theory. A theory is the current best guess on how the universe works until something disproves it. There have been 170 years for the greenhouse gas effect to be nullified. There isn't an alternative theory or hypothesis to challenge it.
1. In May 1967, the Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences "Thermal Equilibrium of the Atmosphere with a Given Distribution of Relative Humidity." Manabe and Wetherald were the first to include all the main physical processes relevant to the problem, using a model that was no more complicated than necessary to achieve this. This led to much more realistic simulations and enabled the results to be explained in terms of processes that could be observed in the real world. Manabe and Wetherald made a number of other discoveries. First, the temperature of the stratosphere cooled markedly when carbon dioxide was doubled. This is the characteristic “fingerprint” of increasing carbon dioxide: the troposphere warms and the stratosphere cools, as we have observed over the last 50 years. So, let's look at what the actual science says.
2. Let's first look at this from the incoming light. The Sun, with an effective temperature of approximately 5800 K, is an approximate black body with an emission spectrum peaked in the central, yellow-green part of the visible spectrum. Of that, about 55% of incoming sunlight to Earth is infrared photons. They strike the Earth and are reradiated back out into the atmosphere. The other 45% is white light and of that, about 30% is reflected which is what you would see if you were to look at the Earth from outer space. That should leave about 31.5% of the total light being white, to strike the Earth, be absorbed, and then reradiated in the Earth's black body 255k infrared range back into the atmosphere. That would mean 55% infrared photons coming in and 86.5% total infrared photons going out. As we increase secondary greenhouse gases, CO2, CH4, O3, N2O, CFCs, and HCFCs, in the atmosphere, we block more incoming infrared photons, slightly cooling down the planet's surface. In addition, some incoming infrared light is converted into kinetic energy raising the atmospheric temperature by the greenhouse gases before reaching the planet. Being there are more outgoing infrared photons than incoming, as we increase greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, we should redirect more outgoing infrared photons than reflecting incoming photons. That being said, all things being equal, on the mean, the planet must heat.
3. Now let us look at this from the trace greenhouse gas CO2. One of CO2's properties is it has a reactive band in the 255K range where it absorbs and releases infrared photons in Earth's black body radiation range. Once released after absorption, there is one chance in 41,253 that infrared photons will continue within one degree in the same direction. This basically gives infrared photons a 50/50 chance of going either up or down. Since the oceans cover about 71% of the Earth's surface, this gives those photons about a 35% chance of hitting a body of water. Infrared photons will not penetrate a body of water's surface, but will instead excite H2O molecules causing evaporation. H2O is the primary greenhouse gas that prevents the Earth from having a climate like our moon, -18C on the mean. Consequently, the more CO2 we put into the atmosphere, the more H2O gets into the atmosphere, and the warmer the planet gets. This is how a 49.8% increase in CO2 caused an 8% increase in absolute humidity. On land, the increase of infrared photons creating evaporation has increased global drought by 29% since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. That's the concern, not the present increase in temperature of approximately 1C due to the combination of additional H2O and CO2 with over a doubling of CH4, in the atmosphere. Because it takes a tremendous amount of time for the oceans to heat, it will take centuries for the Earth to reach temperature equilibrium. If we continue to inject 37 gigatonnes annually of CO2 into the atmosphere, that heating process will accelerate global drought.
4. The first law of thermodynamics. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed but changes from one form to another. When a blue, green, yellow, orange, or red photon is absorbed by a mass, that photon has more kinetic energy than the infrared it releases, therefore, there must be 20X more infrared photons released than the original photon received. The net result is heat or energy transfer in the form of conduction, convection, and/or radiation. Therefore, temperature increases due to white light absorption. All matter radiates energy in the form of infrared photons by frequency according to its temperature, which is absorbed by surrounding matter. If there is no surrounding matter, then the matter will release its energy by radiation of infrared photons according to the matter's temperature. That energy will radiate in any direction. If it gets through the atmosphere without hitting a greenhouse gas molecule, then it will travel in a straight line through outer space until acted on by gravity. That is entropy or the second law of thermodynamics. If on the other hand, that infrared photon strikes a greenhouse gas molecule, it will be absorbed and then within microseconds, radiated in any direction. Like a pin in a pinball machine, while that greenhouse gas is in the excited state from absorbing an infrared photon, and that greenhouse gas molecule encounters another molecule, energy transfer will occur due to the differential in kinetic energy, increasing that other molecule's motion by conduction. That is when work is performed. When the infrared photon is released, it will be at a lower frequency than the original infrared photon, therefore, observing the first law of thermodynamics. That is how greenhouse gases heat the atmosphere.
A child could see through the deception yet the beat goes on... that's what's truly frightening
Cheers
Thank you for all you do!
Consider a box of 10,000 air molecules. 3 of them were co2 molecules. Industrialisation added a 4th. How can one extra molecule in 10,000 cause global warming?
To ask the question is to answer it.
But, but, it's the hottest year EVER!!!
That question can be answered by looking at the temperature of Venus. Not only is the temperature dramatically higher but all the water has been ejected from the planet as well.
@@KhunRoger Not in the UK or Alberta
@@Cspacecat
What about Mars which has a similar amount of Co2 as Venus but much lower temperature.
@@markperry3610 For every 1-degree increase from CO2, there is a corresponding 1-degree increase in temperature due to the increase in water vapor the CO2 puts into the atmosphere. All Martian water is frozen so there is virtually no water vapor in the atmosphere and Martian atmospheric air pressure is less than 1% of Earth's.
Orwell couldn't have invented a more frightening future, enabled with modern technology. btw: "Every Breath You Take" used to be affectionately called "The Stalker's Song".
The science is settled, rising CO2 causes climate hysteria.
What is the correct term for fossil fuels. It didn't come from fossils - hydrocarbons. Just another excuse to demonize carbon
But you cant deny CO2 is a greenhouse gas.
For the last 10,000 years, humans have been cutting forests which blocked the uptake of CO2, and started farming which released CO2 and CH4 into the atmosphere. This stopped the gradual cooling after all interglacial maximums, maintaining climate temperatures at a relatively constant level, and allowing human civilization to flourish until the Little Ice Age. The Little Ice Age appears to have been caused by an increase in aerosols from volcanic activity in conjunction with the loss of 18 million Native Americans killed by European diseases. This population drop allowed the uptake of CO2 through the increase in forest growth and stopped the release of CO2 and CH4 from North American farming. The human industrial revolution began about 1760 and pulled us back out of the Little Ice Age by injecting massive amounts of trace greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Global temperatures have continued to rise since about 1900 with short stops and starts. The last 8 years have been the hottest 8 years on record. That record started in 1880 when the thermometer was invented. El Ninos add just a tad more heat by blowing trade winds east, blocking warm ocean waters from being mixed into deeper ocean waters of the Western Pacific. Instead, warm Pacific waters back up against the western American Coast, blocking the upwellings of cold nutrient-rich waters. This is precisely why El Ninos cause a warmer climate than La Ninas. Due to the Milankovitch cycles, the natural climate should be in a mild glacial period, but temperature gains continue to rise directly due to industry injecting massive amounts of trace greenhouse gas into the atmosphere.
The question of why the Earth didn't get extremely cold at night was figured out in the 1850s by Eunice Foote, an amateur scientist and activist for women's rights, and John Tyndall who set the foundation for our modern understanding of the greenhouse effect. Science is the systematic nullification of a hypothesis until you discover a hypothesis that you cannot get nullified and that graduates into a theory. A theory is the current best guess on how the universe works until something disproves it. There have been 170 years for the greenhouse gas effect to be nullified. There isn't an alternative theory or hypothesis to challenge it.
1. In May 1967, the Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences "Thermal Equilibrium of the Atmosphere with a Given Distribution of Relative Humidity." Manabe and Wetherald were the first to include all the main physical processes relevant to the problem, using a model that was no more complicated than necessary to achieve this. This led to much more realistic simulations and enabled the results to be explained in terms of processes that could be observed in the real world. Manabe and Wetherald made a number of other discoveries. First, the temperature of the stratosphere cooled markedly when carbon dioxide was doubled. This is the characteristic “fingerprint” of increasing carbon dioxide: the troposphere warms and the stratosphere cools, as we have observed over the last 50 years. So, let's look at what the actual science says.
2. Let's first look at this from the incoming light. The Sun, with an effective temperature of approximately 5800 K, is an approximate black body with an emission spectrum peaked in the central, yellow-green part of the visible spectrum. Of that, about 55% of incoming sunlight to Earth is infrared photons. They strike the Earth and are reradiated back out into the atmosphere. The other 45% is white light and of that, about 30% is reflected which is what you would see if you were to look at the Earth from outer space. That should leave about 31.5% of the total light being white, to strike the Earth, be absorbed, and then reradiated in the Earth's black body 255k infrared range back into the atmosphere. That would mean 55% infrared photons coming in and 86.5% total infrared photons going out. As we increase secondary greenhouse gases, CO2, CH4, O3, N2O, CFCs, and HCFCs, in the atmosphere, we block more incoming infrared photons, slightly cooling down the planet's surface. In addition, some incoming infrared light is converted into kinetic energy raising the atmospheric temperature by the greenhouse gases before reaching the planet. Being there are more outgoing infrared photons than incoming, as we increase greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, we should redirect more outgoing infrared photons than reflecting incoming photons. That being said, all things being equal, on the mean, the planet must heat.
3. Now let us look at this from the trace greenhouse gas CO2. One of CO2's properties is it has a reactive band in the 255K range where it absorbs and releases infrared photons in Earth's black body radiation range. Once released after absorption, there is one chance in 41,253 that infrared photons will continue within one degree in the same direction. This basically gives infrared photons a 50/50 chance of going either up or down. Since the oceans cover about 71% of the Earth's surface, this gives those photons about a 35% chance of hitting a body of water. Infrared photons will not penetrate a body of water's surface, but will instead excite H2O molecules causing evaporation. H2O is the primary greenhouse gas that prevents the Earth from having a climate like our moon, -18C on the mean. Consequently, the more CO2 we put into the atmosphere, the more H2O gets into the atmosphere, and the warmer the planet gets. This is how a 49.8% increase in CO2 caused an 8% increase in absolute humidity. On land, the increase of infrared photons creating evaporation has increased global drought by 29% since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. That's the concern, not the present increase in temperature of approximately 1C due to the combination of additional H2O and CO2 with over a doubling of CH4, in the atmosphere. Because it takes a tremendous amount of time for the oceans to heat, it will take centuries for the Earth to reach temperature equilibrium. If we continue to inject 37 gigatonnes annually of CO2 into the atmosphere, that heating process will accelerate global drought.
4. The first law of thermodynamics. Energy cannot be created nor destroyed but changes from one form to another. When a blue, green, yellow, orange, or red photon is absorbed by a mass, that photon has more kinetic energy than the infrared it releases, therefore, there must be 20X more infrared photons released than the original photon received. The net result is heat or energy transfer in the form of conduction, convection, and/or radiation. Therefore, temperature increases due to white light absorption. All matter radiates energy in the form of infrared photons by frequency according to its temperature, which is absorbed by surrounding matter. If there is no surrounding matter, then the matter will release its energy by radiation of infrared photons according to the matter's temperature. That energy will radiate in any direction. If it gets through the atmosphere without hitting a greenhouse gas molecule, then it will travel in a straight line through outer space until acted on by gravity. That is entropy or the second law of thermodynamics. If on the other hand, that infrared photon strikes a greenhouse gas molecule, it will be absorbed and then within microseconds, radiated in any direction. Like a pin in a pinball machine, while that greenhouse gas is in the excited state from absorbing an infrared photon, and that greenhouse gas molecule encounters another molecule, energy transfer will occur due to the differential in kinetic energy, increasing that other molecule's motion by conduction. That is when work is performed. When the infrared photon is released, it will be at a lower frequency than the original infrared photon, therefore, observing the first law of thermodynamics. That is how greenhouse gases heat the atmosphere.