Structure of Atom Class 11 Chemistry - Charge to Mass Ratio of Electrons

Structure of Atom Class 11 Chemistry - Charge to Mass Ratio of Electrons
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Thomson, used specially designed cathode ray tube to find the charge to mass ratio of electrons. This tube had provisions of electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other as well as to the path of the cathode ray. During his studies, he observed that the deflection produced in the tube depends on electric and magnetic field strengths.
Similarly on application of only magnetic field, the cathode ray was found to deflect in opposite direction and strike the boundary at C.
Then he did an interesting thing. He applied both electric and magnetic fields simultaneously. The bright spot formed at some point. By balancing the electric and magnetic fields he was able to bring back the spot at point B.
With further experimentation and measurements he was able to find the charge (e) to mass (m) ratio of electrons.
I.e. e/m = 1.758820 × 1011 C kg-1
Where e is the charge on electron in coulomb (C) and m is the mass of electron in kg. since electrons are negatively charged hence charge on cathode rays can be given as -e.
The name ‘Electron’ was given by a Dutch physicist H. A. Lorentz.
Charge on Electrons
From experimental study R. A. Millikan determined that charge on the electron = - 1.6 × 10-19 C.

[@nainasharma7963]

you haven't mentioned the poles of magnetic filed neither you explained why cathode ray strikes downward in case of magnetic field 👎

[@pawandabla6708]

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[@pooja2270]

Nice explanation 👌

[@romilgupta2699]

Very very good explanation. 🙏🙏

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